KJV: For the sun is no sooner risen with a burning heat, but it withereth the grass, and the flower thereof falleth, and the grace of the fashion of it perisheth: so also shall the rich man fade away in his ways.
YLT: for the sun did rise with the burning heat, and did wither the grass, and the flower of it fell, and the grace of its appearance did perish, so also the rich in his way shall fade away!
Darby: For the sun has risen with its burning heat, and has withered the grass, and its flower has fallen, and the comeliness of its look has perished: thus the rich also shall wither in his goings.
ASV: For the sun ariseth with the scorching wind, and withereth the grass: and the flower thereof falleth, and the grace of the fashion of it perisheth: so also shall the rich man fade away in his goings.
| ἀνέτειλεν | Has risen |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀνατέλλω Sense: rise. |
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| ἥλιος | sun |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἥλιος Sense: the sun. |
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| τῷ | [its] |
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Parse: Article, Dative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| καύσωνι | burning heat |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: καύσων Sense: burning heat. |
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| ἐξήρανεν | withered |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ξηραίνω Sense: to make dry, dry up, wither. |
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| χόρτον | grass |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: χόρτος Sense: the place where grass grows and animals graze. |
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| ἄνθος | flower |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: ἄνθος Sense: a flower. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of it |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| ἐξέπεσεν | has fallen |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἐκπίπτω Sense: to fall out of, to fall down from, to fall off. |
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| εὐπρέπεια | beauty |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: εὐπρέπεια Sense: goodly appearance, shapeliness, beauty, comeliness. |
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| τοῦ | of the |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| προσώπου | appearance |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: πρόσωπον Sense: the face. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of it |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Neuter 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| ἀπώλετο | has perished |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀπόλλυμι Sense: to destroy. |
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| οὕτως | Thus |
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Parse: Adverb Root: οὕτως Sense: in this manner, thus, so. |
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| καὶ | also |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: καί Sense: and, also, even, indeed, but. |
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| πλούσιος | rich [man] |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: πλούσιος Sense: wealthy, abounding in material resources. |
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| ἐν | in the midst of |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐν Sense: in, by, with etc. |
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| πορείαις | pursuits |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Plural Root: πορεία Sense: a journey. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| μαρανθήσεται | will fade away |
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Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: μαραίνω Sense: to extinguish (a flame, fire, light, etc. |
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Greek Commentary for James 1:11
Gnomic or timeless aorist active indicative of the old compound ανατελλω anatellō used here of plants (cf. αναταλλω anathallō in Philemon 4:10), often of the sun (Matthew 13:6). [source]
Associative instrumental case with συν sun In the lxx this late word (from καυσος kausos) is usually the sirocco, the dry east wind from the desert (Job 1:19). In Matthew 20:12; Luke 12:55 it is the burning heat of the sun. Either makes sense here.Withereth (εχηρανεν exēranen). Another gnomic aorist active indicative (Robertson, Grammar, p. 837) of χηραινω xērainō old verb (from χηρος xēros dry or withered, Matthew 12:10), to dry up. Grass and flowers are often used to picture the transitoriness of human life.Falleth Another gnomic aorist (second aorist active indicative) of εκπιπτω ekpiptō to fall out (off).The grace (η ευπρεπεια hē euprepeia). Old word (from ευπρεπης euprepēs well-looking, not in the N.T.), only here in N.T. Goodly appearance, beauty.Of the fashion of it “Of the face of it.” The flower is pictured as having a “face,” like a rose or lily.Perisheth (απωλετο apōleto). Another gnomic aorist (second aorist middle indicative of απολλυμι apollumi to destroy, but intransitive here, to perish). The beautiful rose is pitiful when withered.Shall fade away Future passive indicative of μαραινω marainō old verb, to extinguish a flame, a light. Used of roses in Wisdom 2:8.Goings (πορειαις poreiais). Old word from πορευω poreuō to journey, in N.T. only here and Luke 13:22 (of Christ‘s journey toward Jerusalem). The rich man‘s travels will come to “journey‘s end.” [source]
Another gnomic aorist active indicative (Robertson, Grammar, p. 837) of χηραινω xērainō old verb (from χηρος xēros dry or withered, Matthew 12:10), to dry up. Grass and flowers are often used to picture the transitoriness of human life. [source]
Another gnomic aorist (second aorist active indicative) of εκπιπτω ekpiptō to fall out (off).The grace (η ευπρεπεια hē euprepeia). Old word (from ευπρεπης euprepēs well-looking, not in the N.T.), only here in N.T. Goodly appearance, beauty.Of the fashion of it “Of the face of it.” The flower is pictured as having a “face,” like a rose or lily.Perisheth (απωλετο apōleto). Another gnomic aorist (second aorist middle indicative of απολλυμι apollumi to destroy, but intransitive here, to perish). The beautiful rose is pitiful when withered.Shall fade away Future passive indicative of μαραινω marainō old verb, to extinguish a flame, a light. Used of roses in Wisdom 2:8.Goings (πορειαις poreiais). Old word from πορευω poreuō to journey, in N.T. only here and Luke 13:22 (of Christ‘s journey toward Jerusalem). The rich man‘s travels will come to “journey‘s end.” [source]
Old word (from ευπρεπης euprepēs well-looking, not in the N.T.), only here in N.T. Goodly appearance, beauty. [source]
“Of the face of it.” The flower is pictured as having a “face,” like a rose or lily.Perisheth (απωλετο apōleto). Another gnomic aorist (second aorist middle indicative of απολλυμι apollumi to destroy, but intransitive here, to perish). The beautiful rose is pitiful when withered.Shall fade away Future passive indicative of μαραινω marainō old verb, to extinguish a flame, a light. Used of roses in Wisdom 2:8.Goings (πορειαις poreiais). Old word from πορευω poreuō to journey, in N.T. only here and Luke 13:22 (of Christ‘s journey toward Jerusalem). The rich man‘s travels will come to “journey‘s end.” [source]
Another gnomic aorist (second aorist middle indicative of απολλυμι apollumi to destroy, but intransitive here, to perish). The beautiful rose is pitiful when withered. [source]
Future passive indicative of μαραινω marainō old verb, to extinguish a flame, a light. Used of roses in Wisdom 2:8.Goings (πορειαις poreiais). Old word from πορευω poreuō to journey, in N.T. only here and Luke 13:22 (of Christ‘s journey toward Jerusalem). The rich man‘s travels will come to “journey‘s end.” [source]
Old word from πορευω poreuō to journey, in N.T. only here and Luke 13:22 (of Christ‘s journey toward Jerusalem). The rich man‘s travels will come to “journey‘s end.” [source]
By the use of the aorist tense James graphically throws his illustration into the narrative form: “For the sun arose - and withered, ” etc. [source]
Rev., with the scorching wind. The article denotes something familiar; and the reference may be to the scorching east-wind (Ezekiel href="/desk/?q=eze+17:10&sr=1">Ezekiel 17:10), which withers vegetation. Some of the best authorities, however, prefer the rendering of the A. V. [source]
Aorist tense. Lit.,fell off. [source]
Lit., the beauty of its face or appearance. Εὐπρέπεια only here in New Testament. [source]
See on 1 Peter 1:4. [source]
Rev., goings. Only here and Luke 13:22. His goings to and fro in acquiring riches. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for James 1:11
Also rēgnumi mi form. Convulses, rends, tears asunder. Old and common word.Foameth (aphrizei). Here only in the N.T. Poetic and late word.Grindeth Another hapax legomenon in the N.T. Old word for making a shrill cry or squeak.Pineth away (xērainetai). Old word for drying or withering as of grass in James 1:11.And they were not able They did not have the strength It was a tragedy. [source]
Another hapax legomenon in the N.T. Old word for making a shrill cry or squeak.Pineth away (xērainetai). Old word for drying or withering as of grass in James 1:11.And they were not able They did not have the strength It was a tragedy. [source]
Old word for drying or withering as of grass in James 1:11. [source]
“When he might have been saved” (Bengel). This word, in classical Greek, is used: 1. Of death in battle or elsewhere. 2. Of laying waste, as a city or heritage. 3. Of losing of life, property, or other objects. As an active verb, to kill or demolish. 4. Of being demoralized, morally abandoned or ruined, as children under bad influences. In New Testament of killing (Matthew 2:13; Matthew 12:14). 5. Of destroying and perishing, not only of human life, but of material and intellectual things (1 Corinthians 1:19; John 6:27; Mark 2:22; 1 Peter 1:7; James 1:11; Hebrews 1:11). 6. Of losing (Matthew 10:6, Matthew 10:42; Luke 15:4, Luke 15:6, Luke 15:8). Of moral abandonment (Luke 15:24, Luke 15:32). 7. Of the doom of the impenitent (Matthew 10:28; Luke 13:3; John 3:15; John 10:28; 2 Peter 3:9; Romans 2:12. [source]
See on James 1:11; and Matthew 20:12. [source]
Timeless or gnomic use of the first aorist passive indicative of βαλλω ballō as the conclusion of a third-class condition (see also John 15:4, John 15:7 for the same condition, only constative aorist subjunctive μεινητε meinēte and μεινηι meinēi in John 15:7). The apostles are thus vividly warned against presumption. Jesus as the vine will fulfill his part of the relation as long as the branches keep in vital union with him. As a branch And is withered Another timeless first aorist passive indicative, this time of χηραινω xērainō same timeless use in James 1:11 of grass, old and common verb. They gather Plural though subject not expressed, the servants of the vine-dresser gather up the broken off branches. Are burned Present passive singular of καιω kaiō to burn, because κληματα klēmata (branches) is neuter plural. See this vivid picture also in Matthew 13:41, Matthew 13:49. [source]
Falls off ( ἐκ ) like a leaf or flower, as James 1:11; 1 Peter 1:24. In classical Greek it was used of an actor who was hissed off the stage. But the correct reading is πίπτει fallsin a little more general sense, as Luke 16:17. Love holds its place. [source]
For a similar phrase see 2 Peter 3:17. Having put yourselves under the economy of salvation by law, you have fallen out of the economy of salvation by the grace of Christ. Paul's declarations are aimed at the Judaisers, who taught that the Christian economy was to be joined with the legal. His point is that the two are mutually exclusive. Comp. Romans 4:4, Romans 4:5, Romans 4:14, Romans 4:16. The verb ἐκπίπτειν tofall out, in the literal sense, Acts 12:7; James 1:11. In Class. of seamen thrown ashore, banishment, deprivation of an office, degeneration, of actors being hissed off the stage. [source]
Or face. Ἁπὸ fromhas simply the sense of separation. Not from the time of the Lord's appearing, nor by reason of the glory of his presence. Πρόσωπον is variously translated in A.V. Mostly face: also presence, Acts 3:13, Acts 3:19; Acts 5:41: person, Matthew 22:16; Luke 20:21; Galatians 2:6: appearance, 2 Corinthians 5:12; 2 Corinthians 10:1: fashion, James 1:11. The formula ἀπὸ προσώπου or τοῦ προσώπου occurs Acts 3:19; Acts 5:41; Acts 7:45; Revelation 6:16; Revelation 12:14; Revelation 20:11. In lxx, Genesis 3:8; Genesis 4:14, Genesis 4:16; Exodus 14:25, and frequently. [source]
The aorist tense, throwing the sentence into a lively, narrative form: he beheld himself and forgot. Compare James 1:11. [source]
Only here, James 1:11, and 1 Peter 1:24. [source]
From the lxx (Isa 40:6). Χορτος Chortos means pasture, then grass (Mark 6:39) or fodder. Αντος Anthos is old word, in N.T. only here, James 1:11; 1 Peter 1:24 (same quotation). This warning is here applied to “the rich brother,” but it is true of all.He shall pass away (παρελευσεται pareleusetai). Future middle indicative (effective aoristic future, shall pass completely away from earth). [source]
Usually explained as gnomic aorist like those in James 1:11, but the ordinary force of the tenses is best here. “He glanced at himself The tenses thus present a vivid and lifelike picture of the careless listener to preaching (Christ‘s wayside hearer). [source]
Old compound adjective (alpha privative and πτειρω phtheirō to corrupt), imperishable. So many inheritances vanish away before they are obtained.Undefiled (αμιαντον amianton). Old verbal adjective (note alliteration) from alpha privative and μιαινω miainō to defile, without defect or flaw in the title, in N.T. only here, James 1:27; Hebrews 13:4.That fadeth not away Alliterative and verbal adjective again from alpha privative and μαραινω marainō (to dry up, to wither, as in James 1:11), late and rare word in several inscriptions on tombs, here only in N.T. These inscriptions will fade away, but not this inheritance in Christ. It will not be like a faded rose.Reserved (τετηρημενην tetērēmenēn). Perfect passive participle of τηρεω tēreō old verb, to take care of, to guard. No burglars or bandits can break through where this inheritance is kept (Matthew 6:19.; John 17:11.). Cf. Colossians 1:5, where laid away” (αποκειμενην apokeimenēn) occurs.For you More graphic than the mere dative. [source]
Alliterative and verbal adjective again from alpha privative and μαραινω marainō (to dry up, to wither, as in James 1:11), late and rare word in several inscriptions on tombs, here only in N.T. These inscriptions will fade away, but not this inheritance in Christ. It will not be like a faded rose.Reserved (τετηρημενην tetērēmenēn). Perfect passive participle of τηρεω tēreō old verb, to take care of, to guard. No burglars or bandits can break through where this inheritance is kept (Matthew 6:19.; John 17:11.). Cf. Colossians 1:5, where laid away” (αποκειμενην apokeimenēn) occurs.For you More graphic than the mere dative. [source]
As in 1 Peter 1:16 First aorist (gnomic, timeless) passive indicative of χηραινω xērainō (see James 1:11).Falleth Second aorist (gnomic, timeless) active indicative of εκπιπτω ekpiptō (see James 1:11). sa120 [source]
First aorist (gnomic, timeless) passive indicative of χηραινω xērainō (see James 1:11). [source]
Second aorist (gnomic, timeless) active indicative of εκπιπτω ekpiptō (see James 1:11). sa120 [source]
First aorist active subjunctive of ανατελλω anatellō (James 1:11; Matthew 5:45). [source]
Predicate accusative of the comparative adjective βεβαιος bebaios (2 Peter 1:10). The Transfiguration scene confirmed the Messianic prophecies and made clear the deity of Jesus Christ as God‘s Beloved Son. Some with less likelihood take Peter to mean that the word of prophecy is a surer confirmation of Christ‘s deity than the Transfiguration.Whereunto (ωι hōi). Dative of the relative referring to “the prophetic word made more sure.”That ye take heed Present active participle with νουν noun (mind) understood, “holding your mind upon” with the dative Dative also after προσεχοντες prosechontes of λυχνος luchnos old word (Matthew 5:15).Shining Dative also present active participle of παινω phainō to shine (John 1:5). So of the Baptist (John 5:35).In a dark place (εν αυχμηρωι τοπωι en auchmērōi topōi). Old adjective, parched, squalid, dirty, dark, murky, here only in N.T., though in Aristotle and on tombstone for a boy.Until the day dawn First aorist active subjunctive of διαυγαζω diaugazō with temporal conjunction εως ου heōs hou usual construction for future time. Late compound verb διαυγαζω diaugazō (Polybius, Plutarch, papyri) from δια dia and αυγη augē to shine through, here only in N.T.The day-star (πωσπορος phōsphoros). Old compound adjective (πως phōs light, περω pherō to bring), light-bringing, light-bearer (Lucifer) applied to Venus as the morning star. Our word ποσπορυς phosphorus is this word. In the lxx εωσπορος heōsphoros occurs. Cf. Malachi 4:2; Luke 1:76-79; Revelation 22:16 for “dawn” applied to the Messiah.Arise First aorist active subjunctive of ανατελλω anatellō (James 1:11; Matthew 5:45). [source]
Present active participle with νουν noun (mind) understood, “holding your mind upon” with the dative Dative also after προσεχοντες prosechontes of λυχνος luchnos old word (Matthew 5:15).Shining Dative also present active participle of παινω phainō to shine (John 1:5). So of the Baptist (John 5:35).In a dark place (εν αυχμηρωι τοπωι en auchmērōi topōi). Old adjective, parched, squalid, dirty, dark, murky, here only in N.T., though in Aristotle and on tombstone for a boy.Until the day dawn First aorist active subjunctive of διαυγαζω diaugazō with temporal conjunction εως ου heōs hou usual construction for future time. Late compound verb διαυγαζω diaugazō (Polybius, Plutarch, papyri) from δια dia and αυγη augē to shine through, here only in N.T.The day-star (πωσπορος phōsphoros). Old compound adjective (πως phōs light, περω pherō to bring), light-bringing, light-bearer (Lucifer) applied to Venus as the morning star. Our word ποσπορυς phosphorus is this word. In the lxx εωσπορος heōsphoros occurs. Cf. Malachi 4:2; Luke 1:76-79; Revelation 22:16 for “dawn” applied to the Messiah.Arise First aorist active subjunctive of ανατελλω anatellō (James 1:11; Matthew 5:45). [source]
Dative also present active participle of παινω phainō to shine (John 1:5). So of the Baptist (John 5:35).In a dark place (εν αυχμηρωι τοπωι en auchmērōi topōi). Old adjective, parched, squalid, dirty, dark, murky, here only in N.T., though in Aristotle and on tombstone for a boy.Until the day dawn First aorist active subjunctive of διαυγαζω diaugazō with temporal conjunction εως ου heōs hou usual construction for future time. Late compound verb διαυγαζω diaugazō (Polybius, Plutarch, papyri) from δια dia and αυγη augē to shine through, here only in N.T.The day-star (πωσπορος phōsphoros). Old compound adjective (πως phōs light, περω pherō to bring), light-bringing, light-bearer (Lucifer) applied to Venus as the morning star. Our word ποσπορυς phosphorus is this word. In the lxx εωσπορος heōsphoros occurs. Cf. Malachi 4:2; Luke 1:76-79; Revelation 22:16 for “dawn” applied to the Messiah.Arise First aorist active subjunctive of ανατελλω anatellō (James 1:11; Matthew 5:45). [source]
First aorist active subjunctive of διαυγαζω diaugazō with temporal conjunction εως ου heōs hou usual construction for future time. Late compound verb διαυγαζω diaugazō (Polybius, Plutarch, papyri) from δια dia and αυγη augē to shine through, here only in N.T.The day-star (πωσπορος phōsphoros). Old compound adjective (πως phōs light, περω pherō to bring), light-bringing, light-bearer (Lucifer) applied to Venus as the morning star. Our word ποσπορυς phosphorus is this word. In the lxx εωσπορος heōsphoros occurs. Cf. Malachi 4:2; Luke 1:76-79; Revelation 22:16 for “dawn” applied to the Messiah.Arise First aorist active subjunctive of ανατελλω anatellō (James 1:11; Matthew 5:45). [source]
In Isaiah 49:10, the word καύσων thescorching wind or sirocco is used. See on Matthew 20:12; see on James 1:11. [source]
First aorist (urgency) active imperative of τεριζω therizō old verb (from τερος theros summer), as in Matthew 6:26. See Revelation 14:7 for “the hour is come.” Τερισαι Therisai (to reap) is epexegetical infinitive (first aorist active of τεριζω therizō).The harvest (ο τερισμος ho therismos). Old, but rare word (from τεριζω therizō to harvest), as in Matthew 13:30; John 4:35, here only in Revelation.Is over-ripe First aorist (prophetic as in Revelation 10:7; Revelation 15:1) passive of χηραινω xērainō (cf. James 1:11), to wither, to dry up. Perhaps just “ripe,” not “over-ripe.” Cf. Joel 1:17. [source]
First aorist (prophetic as in Revelation 10:7; Revelation 15:1) passive of χηραινω xērainō (cf. James 1:11), to wither, to dry up. Perhaps just “ripe,” not “over-ripe.” Cf. Joel 1:17. [source]