KJV: And, behold, the angel of the Lord came upon him, and a light shined in the prison: and he smote Peter on the side, and raised him up, saying, Arise up quickly. And his chains fell off from his hands.
YLT: and lo, a messenger of the Lord stood by, and a light shone in the buildings, and having smitten Peter on the side, he raised him up, saying, 'Rise in haste,' and his chains fell from off his hands.
Darby: And lo, an angel of the Lord came there, and a light shone in the prison: and having smitten the side of Peter, he roused him up, saying, Rise up quickly. And his chains fell off his hands.
ASV: And behold, an angel of the Lord stood by him, and a light shined in the cell: and he smote Peter on the side, and awoke him, saying, Rise up quickly. And his chains fell off from his hands.
| ἰδοὺ | behold |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Imperative Active, 2nd Person Singular Root: ἰδού Sense: behold, see, lo. |
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| ἄγγελος | an angel |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἄγγελος Sense: a messenger, envoy, one who is sent, an angel, a messenger from God. |
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| Κυρίου | of [the] Lord |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: κύριος Sense: he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has power of deciding; master, lord. |
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| ἐπέστη | stood by |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἐφίστημι Sense: to place at, place upon, place over. |
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| φῶς | a light |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: φῶς Sense: light. |
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| ἔλαμψεν | shone |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἐπιλάμπω Sense: to shine. |
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| οἰκήματι | cell |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Singular Root: οἴκημα Sense: a dwelling place, habitation. |
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| πατάξας | Having struck |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: πατάσσω Sense: to strike gently: as a part or a member of the body. |
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| πλευρὰν | side |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: πλευρά Sense: the side of the body. |
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| τοῦ | - |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Πέτρου | of Peter |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Πέτρος Sense: one of the twelve disciples of Jesus. |
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| ἤγειρεν | he woke up |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἐγείρω Sense: to arouse, cause to rise. |
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| λέγων | saying |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
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| Ἀνάστα | Rise up |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Imperative Active, 2nd Person Singular Root: ἀναπηδάω Sense: to cause to rise up, raise up. |
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| τάχει | haste |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Singular Root: τάχος Sense: quickness, speed. |
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| ἐξέπεσαν | fell |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἐκπίπτω Sense: to fall out of, to fall down from, to fall off. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| ἁλύσεις | chains |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Plural Root: ἅλυσις Sense: a chain, bond by which the body or any part of it (hands, feet) is bound. |
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| ἐκ | off |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐκ Sense: out of, from, by, away from. |
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| χειρῶν | hands |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Plural Root: χείρ Sense: by the help or agency of any one, by means of any one. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 12:7
Ingressive second aorist active indicative of επιστημι ephistēmi intransitive. This very form occurs in Luke 2:9 of the sudden appearance of the angel of the Lord to the shepherds. Page notes that this second aorist of επιστημι ephistēmi occurs seven times in the Gospel of Luke, eight times in the Acts, and nowhere else in the N.T. Note also the same form απεστη apestē (departed from, from απιστημι aphistēmi stood off from) of the disappearance of the angel in Acts 12:10. [source]
Literally, a dwelling place or habitation (from οικεω oikeō to dwell, οικος oikos house), but here not the prison as a whole as in Thucydides, but the room in the prison (cell) where Peter was chained to the two guards. Old word, but only here in the N.T. He smote Peter on the side (παταχας την πλευραν του Πετρου pataxas tēn pleuran tou Petrou). More exactly, “smote the side of Peter.” Strongly enough to wake Peter up who was sound asleep and yet not rouse the two guards. It was probably between 3 a.m. and 6 a.m., hours when changes in the guards were made. Rise up Short form (Koiné{[28928]}š) of αναστητι anastēthi second aorist active imperative of ανιστημι anistēmi intransitive. So also Acts 9:11 (Westcott and Hort text); Ephesians 5:14. Fell off (εχεπεσαν exepesan). Second aorist active with α a ending like first aorist of εχπιπτω expiptō old verb. This miracle was necessary if Peter was to escape without rousing the two guards. [source]
More exactly, “smote the side of Peter.” Strongly enough to wake Peter up who was sound asleep and yet not rouse the two guards. It was probably between 3 a.m. and 6 a.m., hours when changes in the guards were made. [source]
Short form (Koiné{[28928]}š) of αναστητι anastēthi second aorist active imperative of ανιστημι anistēmi intransitive. So also Acts 9:11 (Westcott and Hort text); Ephesians 5:14. Fell off (εχεπεσαν exepesan). Second aorist active with α a ending like first aorist of εχπιπτω expiptō old verb. This miracle was necessary if Peter was to escape without rousing the two guards. [source]
Second aorist active with α a ending like first aorist of εχπιπτω expiptō old verb. This miracle was necessary if Peter was to escape without rousing the two guards. [source]
Better, as Rev., stood by. See on Acts 4:1; and compare Luke 2:9. [source]
Not the prison, but the cell where Peter was confined. So, rightly, Rev. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 12:7
The word is used in this sense in classical Greek, as well as in that of to stand by, which Rev. prefers here, as in Acts 12:7. In Luke 2:38 of this chapter, Rev. renders coming up. The rendering to come upon has a hostile flavor, as properly in Acts 17:5, where the verb is rendered assaulted; so that the Rev. rendering here is preferable. [source]
Ingressive aorist active indicative. Stepped by their side. The same word in Acts 12:7 of the angel there. Paul uses it in the sense of standing by in Acts 22:20. It is a common old Greek word, επιστημι ephistēmi sore afraid First aorist passive indicative with cognate accusative (the passive sense gone), they feared a great fear. [source]
It is not clear to what this language refers. Some take it to mean single soldiers, using πυλακην phulakēn in the sense of a guard (one before the door, one at the iron gate). But it seems hardly likely that the two soldiers with whom Peter had been stationed are meant. Probably the “first ward” means the two soldiers of the quaternion stationed by the door and the second ward some other soldiers, not part of the sixteen, further on in the prison by the iron gate. However understood, the difficulties of escape are made plain. Unto the iron gate that leadeth into the city (επι την πυλην την σιδηραν την περουσαν εις την πολιν epi tēn pulēn tēn sidērān tēn pherousan eis tēn polin). Note the triple use of the article (the gate the iron one the one leading into the city). For this resumptive use of the article see Robertson, Grammar, pp. 762, 764. This iron gate may have opened from a court out into the street and effectually barred escape. Opened to them Second aorist passive indicative of ανοιγω anoigō the usual later form though ηνοιχτη ēnoichthē (first aorist passive) occurs also, was opened. Of its own accord (αυτοματη automatē). Old compound adjective (αυτος autos self, obsolete μαω maō to desire eagerly, feminine form though masculine αυτοματος automatos also used as feminine). In the N.T. only here and Mark 4:28. It was a strange experience for Peter. The Codex Bezae adds here “went down the seven steps” (κατεβησαν τους επτα βατμους katebēsan tous hepta bathmous), an interesting detail that adds to the picture. One street The angel saw Peter through one of the narrow streets and then left him. We have no means of knowing precisely the location of the prison in the city. On “departed” (απεστη apestē) see note on Acts 12:7. [source]
Second aorist passive indicative of ανοιγω anoigō the usual later form though ηνοιχτη ēnoichthē (first aorist passive) occurs also, was opened. Of its own accord (αυτοματη automatē). Old compound adjective (αυτος autos self, obsolete μαω maō to desire eagerly, feminine form though masculine αυτοματος automatos also used as feminine). In the N.T. only here and Mark 4:28. It was a strange experience for Peter. The Codex Bezae adds here “went down the seven steps” (κατεβησαν τους επτα βατμους katebēsan tous hepta bathmous), an interesting detail that adds to the picture. One street The angel saw Peter through one of the narrow streets and then left him. We have no means of knowing precisely the location of the prison in the city. On “departed” (απεστη apestē) see note on Acts 12:7. [source]
The angel saw Peter through one of the narrow streets and then left him. We have no means of knowing precisely the location of the prison in the city. On “departed” (απεστη apestē) see note on Acts 12:7. [source]
Effective aorist active indicative of πατασσω patassō old verb, used already in Acts 12:7 of gentle smiting of the angel of the Lord, here of a severe stroke of affliction. Like Nebuchadnezzar (Daniel 4:30) pride went before a fall. He was struck down in the very zenith of his glory. [source]
Present passive infinitive of τηρεω tēreō in indirect assertion. οτι Hoti with finite verb is more common after αποκρινομαι apokrinomai but the infinitive with the accusative of general reference is proper as here (Robertson, Grammar, p. 1036). Shortly (εν ταχει en tachei). In quickness, in speed. Old and common usage, seen already in Luke 18:8; Acts 12:7; Acts 22:18. Festus is clearly within his rights again since his stay in Caesarea had been so brief. He did go down in “eight or ten days” (Acts 25:6). Luke did not consider the matter important enough to be precise. [source]
In quickness, in speed. Old and common usage, seen already in Luke 18:8; Acts 12:7; Acts 22:18. Festus is clearly within his rights again since his stay in Caesarea had been so brief. He did go down in “eight or ten days” (Acts 25:6). Luke did not consider the matter important enough to be precise. [source]
For a similar phrase see 2 Peter 3:17. Having put yourselves under the economy of salvation by law, you have fallen out of the economy of salvation by the grace of Christ. Paul's declarations are aimed at the Judaisers, who taught that the Christian economy was to be joined with the legal. His point is that the two are mutually exclusive. Comp. Romans 4:4, Romans 4:5, Romans 4:14, Romans 4:16. The verb ἐκπίπτειν tofall out, in the literal sense, Acts 12:7; James 1:11. In Class. of seamen thrown ashore, banishment, deprivation of an office, degeneration, of actors being hissed off the stage. [source]
Apparently a free adaptation of Isaiah 26:19; Isaiah 60:1. The form αναστα anasta for αναστητι anastēthi (second person singular imperative second aorist active of ανιστημι anistēmi) occurs in Acts 12:7. [source]
See Luke 21:34, Luke 21:36. Often in N.T. of a person coming suddenly upon another; as Luke 2:9; Luke 24:4; Acts 4:1; Acts 12:7. [source]
Used by John only in Revelation, here and Revelation 19:15. Compare Matthew 26:31; Mark 14:27; Luke 22:49, Luke 22:50; Acts 12:7, Acts 12:23. [source]