KJV: What man of you, having an hundred sheep, if he lose one of them, doth not leave the ninety and nine in the wilderness, and go after that which is lost, until he find it?
YLT: 'What man of you having a hundred sheep, and having lost one out of them, doth not leave behind the ninety-nine in the wilderness, and go on after the lost one, till he may find it?
Darby: What man of you having a hundred sheep, and having lost one of them, does not leave the ninety and nine in the wilderness and go after that which is lost, until he find it?
ASV: What man of you, having a hundred sheep, and having lost one of them, doth not leave the ninety and nine in the wilderness, and go after that which is lost, until he find it?
| ἄνθρωπος | man |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἄνθρωπος Sense: a human being, whether male or female. |
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| ἑκατὸν | a hundred |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: ἑκατόν Sense: a hundred. |
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| πρόβατα | sheep |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: προβάτιον Sense: any four footed, tame animal accustomed to graze, small cattle (opp. to large cattle, horses, etc.), most commonly a sheep or a goat. |
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| ἀπολέσας | having lost |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἀπόλλυμι Sense: to destroy. |
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| ἓν | one |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: εἷς Sense: one. |
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| καταλείπει | leaves |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: καταλείπω Sense: to leave behind. |
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| ἐνενήκοντα | ninety |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: ἐνενήκοντα Sense: ninety nine. |
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| ἐννέα | nine |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: ἐννέα Sense: nine. |
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| ἐρήμῳ | open field |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ἔρημος Sense: solitary, lonely, desolate, uninhabited. |
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| πορεύεται | goes |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: πορεύομαι Sense: to lead over, carry over, transfer. |
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| ἐπὶ | after |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐπί Sense: upon, on, at, by, before. |
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| τὸ | the [one] |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| ἀπολωλὸς | having been lost |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Participle Active, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ἀπόλλυμι Sense: to destroy. |
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| ἕως | until |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: ἕως Sense: till, until. |
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| εὕρῃ | he finds |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εὑρίσκω Sense: to come upon, hit upon, to meet with. |
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Greek Commentary for Luke 15:4
Their usual pasturage, not a place of danger or peril. It is the owner of the hundred sheep who cares so much for the one that is lost. He knows each one of the sheep and loves each one. [source]
The one lost sheep There is nothing more helpless than a lost sheep except a lost sinner. The sheep went off by its own ignorance and folly. The use of επι epi for the goal occurs also in Matthew 22:9; Acts 8:26; Acts 9:11.Until he find it (εως ευρηι αυτο heōs heurēi auto). Second aorist active subjunctive of ευρισκω heuriskō common verb, with εως heōs common Greek idiom. He keeps on going (πορευεται poreuetai linear present middle indicative) until success comes (effective aorist, ευρηι heurēi). [source]
Second aorist active subjunctive of ευρισκω heuriskō common verb, with εως heōs common Greek idiom. He keeps on going (πορευεται poreuetai linear present middle indicative) until success comes (effective aorist, ευρηι heurēi). [source]
Not a desert place, but uncultivated plains; pasturage. Note that the sheep are being pastured in the wilderness. A traveller, cited anonymously by Trench, says: “There are, indeed, some accursed patches, where scores of miles lie before you like a tawny Atlantic, one yellow wave rising before another. But far from infrequently there are regions of wild fertility where the earth shoots forth a jungle of aromatic shrubs” (“Parables”). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 15:4
This is the text of Westcott and Hort after BL, etc. This text means: “Will he not leave the ninety and nine upon the mountains and going does he not seek (change to present tense) the wandering one?” On the high pastures where the sheep graze at will one has wandered afield. See this parable later in Luke 15:4-7. Our word “planet” is from πλαναομαι planaomai wandering (moving) stars they were called as opposed to fixed stars. But now we know that no stars are fixed. They are all moving and rapidly. [source]
“When he might have been saved” (Bengel). This word, in classical Greek, is used: 1. Of death in battle or elsewhere. 2. Of laying waste, as a city or heritage. 3. Of losing of life, property, or other objects. As an active verb, to kill or demolish. 4. Of being demoralized, morally abandoned or ruined, as children under bad influences. In New Testament of killing (Matthew 2:13; Matthew 12:14). 5. Of destroying and perishing, not only of human life, but of material and intellectual things (1 Corinthians 1:19; John 6:27; Mark 2:22; 1 Peter 1:7; James 1:11; Hebrews 1:11). 6. Of losing (Matthew 10:6, Matthew 10:42; Luke 15:4, Luke 15:6, Luke 15:8). Of moral abandonment (Luke 15:24, Luke 15:32). 7. Of the doom of the impenitent (Matthew 10:28; Luke 13:3; John 3:15; John 10:28; 2 Peter 3:9; Romans 2:12. [source]
Note single article and female friends (feminine article and πιλας philas). εως ου ευρηι Heōs hou eurēi here as in Luke 15:4, only ου hou added after εως heōs (until which time) as often. [source]
Imperfect active. Note εχων echōn (Luke 15:4), εχουσα echousa (Luke 15:8), and now ειχεν eichen The self-sacrificing care is that of the owner in each case. Here (verses 11-32) we have the most famous of all the parables of Jesus, the Prodigal Son, which is in Luke alone. We have had the Lost Sheep, the Lost Coin, and now the Lost Son. Bruce notes that in the moral sphere there must be self-recovery to give ethical value to the rescue of the son who wandered away. That comes out beautifully in this allegory. [source]
Referring to the route. On desert, see on Luke 15:4. There were several roads from Jerusalem to Gaza. One is mentioned by the way of Bethlehem to Hebron, and thence through a region actually called a desert. [source]
Brought from Isaiah 53:6, but changed to periphrastic imperfect indicative with ητε ēte and present middle participle of πλαναω planaō to wander away. Recall the words of Jesus in Luke 15:4-7. [source]