KJV: Yet hath he not root in himself, but dureth for a while: for when tribulation or persecution ariseth because of the word, by and by he is offended.
YLT: and he hath not root in himself, but is temporary, and persecution or tribulation having happened because of the word, immediately he is stumbled.
Darby: but has no root in himself, but is for a time only; and when tribulation or persecution happens on account of the word, he is immediately offended.
ASV: yet hath he not root in himself, but endureth for a while; and when tribulation or persecution ariseth because of the word, straightway he stumbleth.
| οὐκ | no |
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Parse: Adverb Root: οὐ Sense: no, not; in direct questions expecting an affirmative answer. |
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| ἔχει | he has |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἔχω Sense: to have, i.e. to hold. |
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| δὲ | now |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| ῥίζαν | root |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ῥίζα Sense: a root. |
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| ἑαυτῷ | himself |
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Parse: Reflexive Pronoun, Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: ἑαυτοῦ Sense: himself, herself, itself, themselves. |
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| πρόσκαιρός | temporary |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: πρόσκαιρος Sense: for a season. |
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| γενομένης | having come |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Middle, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: γίνομαι Sense: to become, i. |
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| δὲ | however |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| θλίψεως | tribulation |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: θλῖψις Sense: a pressing, pressing together, pressure. |
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| διωγμοῦ | persecution |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: διωγμός Sense: persecution. |
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| διὰ | on account of |
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Parse: Preposition Root: διά Sense: through. |
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| λόγον | word |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: λόγος Sense: of speech. |
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| εὐθὺς | immediately |
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Parse: Adverb Root: εὐθέως Sense: straightway, immediately, forthwith. |
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| σκανδαλίζεται | he falls away |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: σκανδαλίζω Sense: to put a stumbling block or impediment in the way, upon which another may trip and fall, metaph. to offend. |
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Greek Commentary for Matthew 13:21
Cf. Colossians 2:7 and Ephesians 3:18 ερριζωμεμοι errizōmemoi Stability like a tree. Here the man has a mushroom growth and “endureth for a while” What a picture of some converts in our modern revivals. They drop away overnight because they did not have the root of the matter in them. This man does not last or hold out. [source]
From τλιβω thlibō to press, to oppress, to squeeze (cf. Matthew 7:14). The English word is from the Latin tribulum, the roller used by the Romans for pressing wheat. Cf. our “steam roller” Trench (Synonyms of the N.T., pp. 202-4): “When, according to the ancient law of England, those who wilfully refused to plead, had heavy weights placed on their breasts, and were pressed and crushed to death, this was literally τλιπσις thlipsis The iron cage was στενοχωρια stenochōria f0). [source]
Rev.,endureth. Lit., is temporary: thus bringing out the quality of the hearer. He is a creature of circumstances, changing as they change. Wyc., is temporal, with explanation, lasteth but a little time. [source]
Rev. better, and, for the following clause does not give a reason for the temporariness, but adds something to the description of the hearer. [source]
θλίβω , to press or squeeze. Tribulation is perhaps as accurate a rendering as is possible, being derived from tribulum, the threshing-roller of the Romans. In both the idea of pressure is dominant, though θλῖψιμ , does not convey the idea of separation (as of corn from husk) which is implied in tribulatio. Trench cites, in illustration of θλῖψις , pressure, the provision of the old English law, by which those who wilfully refused to plead had heavy weights placed on their breasts, and so were pressed and crushed to death (“Synonyms of the New Testament”). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Matthew 13:21
Periphrastic future passive to emphasize the continuous process of the linear action. For tribulation, (τλιπσιν thlipsin see note on Matthew 13:21), a word common in the Acts, Epistles, and Apocalypse for the oppression (pressure) that the Christians received. [source]
Obsolete in the old sense of immediately. The A. V. translates αὐθὺς ,straightway, in Matthew 13:21, by and by: εὐθέως , Mark 4:17, immediately: and the same word in Luke 21:9, by and by. Ἐξαυτῆς is rendered immediately, Acts 10:33; Acts 11:11: straightway, Acts 23:30: presently, Philemon 2:23. Rev., forthwith. The expression by and by in older English was sometimes used of place. Thus Chaucer.“Right in the same chamber by and by” (close by).and“Two young knights lying by and by” (near together).Edward IV. is reported to have said on his death-bed: “I wote (know) not whether any preacher's words ought more to move you than I that is going by and by to the place that they all preach of.” [source]
On the former word, see Luke 8:37, and Luke 4:38. Rev. renders the latter, which occurs here only, more literally, crush. It means to squeeze out, as wine from grapes. See on tribulation, Matthew 13:21. [source]
See on Matthew 13:21. Matthew and Mark have endureth, or endure for a while. [source]
Commonly rendered affliction or tribulation in A.V. See on Matthew 13:21. [source]
Purpose clause with negative μη mē and first aorist passive of σκανδαλιζω skandalizō common verb in the Synoptics (Matthew 13:21) “the σκανδαλα skandala of faith, the stumblingblocks which trip up a disciple” (Bernard), in John only John 6:61 and here (cf. 1 John 2:10). [source]
“The woman,” any woman. When she is in travail Indefinite temporal clause, “whenever she is about to bear (or give birth),” οταν hotan and present active subjunctive of τικτω tiktō common O.T. image for pain. Her hour is come Second aorist active indicative, timeless aorist, “her hour” for giving birth which she knows is like a living death. But when she is delivered of the child Indefinite temporal clause with οταν hotan and first aorist active subjunctive of γενναω gennaō “But whenever she bears the child.” The anguish Genitive case after μνημονευει mnēmoneuei of τλιπσις thlipsis usual word for tribulation (Matthew 13:21). Is born First aorist (effective) passive indicative of γενναω gennaō f0). [source]
See on Matthew 13:21. [source]
On that definite day, that same day as in Acts 2:41. A great persecution (diōgmos megas). It was at first persecution from the Sadducees, but this attack on Stephen was from the Pharisees so that both parties are now united in a general persecution that deserves the adjective “great.” See Matthew 13:21 for the old word διωγμος diōgmos from διωκω diōkō to chase, hunt, pursue, persecute. Were all scattered abroad Second aorist passive indicative of διασπειρω diaspeirō to scatter like grain, to disperse, old word, in the N.T. only in Acts 8:1, Acts 8:4; Acts 11:19. Except the apostles (πλην των αποστολων plēn tōn apostolōn). Preposition πλην plēn (adverb from πλεον pleon more) with the ablative often in Luke. It remains a bit of a puzzle why the Pharisees spared the apostles. Was it due to the advice of Gamaliel in Acts 5:34-40 ? Or was it the courage of the apostles? Or was it a combination of both with the popularity of the apostles in addition? [source]
It was at first persecution from the Sadducees, but this attack on Stephen was from the Pharisees so that both parties are now united in a general persecution that deserves the adjective “great.” See Matthew 13:21 for the old word διωγμος diōgmos from διωκω diōkō to chase, hunt, pursue, persecute. [source]
For tribulation, see on Matthew 13:21. Στενοχωρία anguishwhich occurs only in Paul (Romans 8:35; 2 Corinthians 6:4; 2 Corinthians 12:10), literally means narrowness of place. The dominant idea is constraint. In Deuteronomy 28:53, Deuteronomy 28:57, it describes the confinement of a siege. Trench remarks: “The fitness of this image is attested by the frequency with which, on the other hand, a state of joy is expressed in the Psalms and elsewhere, as a bringing into a large room,” Psalm 118:5; 2 Samuel 22:20. Aquinas says: loetitia est latitia, joy is breadth. [source]
See on tribulation, Matthew 13:21. The verb also has the meaning of to straiten, contract, as Matthew 7:14, where τεθλιμμένη , A.V. narrow, is properly rendered by Rev. straitened. [source]
Τλιπσις Thlipsis is from τλιβω thlibō to press, old and common word, as tribulation is from Latin tribulum (roller). See note on Matthew 13:21 and note on 1 Thessalonians 1:6. The English affliction is Latin afflictio from ad-fligere, to strike on. [source]
Rather temporary, for a season Late word. See note on Matthew 13:21. See 1 Corinthians 13:12; Hebrews 11:1. [source]
Lit., to bring affliction to bear. But the correct reading is ἐγείρειν toraise up, as Rev.: to waken or stir up affliction. The phrase is striking in the light of the original meaning of θλίψις , namely, pressure. They would make his bonds press more heavily and gall him. See on Matthew 13:21. [source]
See on Matthew 13:21. Referring especially to persecutions at the hands of the Jews (Acts 17:5ff.), which probably continued after Paul's departure from Thessalonica. [source]
See on tribulation, Matthew href="/desk/?q=mt+13:21&sr=1">Matthew 13:21, and comp. 2 Corinthians 1:6; 2 Corinthians 4:8; 2 Thessalonians 1:6, 2 Thessalonians 1:7; Hebrews 11:37. [source]
“Rather having chosen” (second aorist middle of αιρεω haireō to take for oneself a position). To be entreated with Present passive infinitive of the double compound συνκακουχεω sunkakoucheō (from συν κακοσ εχω sun class="normal greek">κακουχεω kakos class="normal greek">προσκαιρον εχειν αμαρτιας απολαυσιν echō), to treat ill with (associative instrumental case), only known example save one in the papyri (second century a.d.), though Απολαυσις kakoucheō in Hebrews 11:37; Hebrews 13:3. To enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season (απολαυω proskairon echein hamartias apolausin). Literally, “to have temporary pleasure of sin.” Προσκαιρος Apolausis is old word from προσ καιρος apolauō to enjoy, in N.T. only here and 1 Timothy 6:17. αιωνιος Proskairos (from pros class="translit"> kairos) is a common Koiné word as the antithesis to aiōnios (eternal) as in Matthew 13:21; Mark 4:17; 2 Corinthians 4:18 (only N.T. examples). To have been disloyal to God‘s people would have brought enjoyment to Moses in the Egyptian Court for a short while only. [source]
Present passive infinitive of the double compound συνκακουχεω sunkakoucheō (from συν κακοσ εχω sun class="normal greek">κακουχεω kakos class="normal greek">προσκαιρον εχειν αμαρτιας απολαυσιν echō), to treat ill with (associative instrumental case), only known example save one in the papyri (second century a.d.), though Απολαυσις kakoucheō in Hebrews 11:37; Hebrews 13:3. To enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season (απολαυω proskairon echein hamartias apolausin). Literally, “to have temporary pleasure of sin.” Προσκαιρος Apolausis is old word from προσ καιρος apolauō to enjoy, in N.T. only here and 1 Timothy 6:17. αιωνιος Proskairos (from pros class="translit"> kairos) is a common Koiné word as the antithesis to aiōnios (eternal) as in Matthew 13:21; Mark 4:17; 2 Corinthians 4:18 (only N.T. examples). To have been disloyal to God‘s people would have brought enjoyment to Moses in the Egyptian Court for a short while only. [source]
Lit., out of the tribulation, the great (tribulation). Rev., properly, gives the force of the article, “the great.” See on Matthew 13:21. [source]
See on Matthew 13:21. Referring to the persecutions of Jewish and heathen oppressors. See on Smyrna, Revelation 2:8. [source]
See on Matthew 13:21Persecution for Christ's sake, and illustrated by John's own banishment. [source]