KJV: And when it was told me how that the Jews laid wait for the man, I sent straightway to thee, and gave commandment to his accusers also to say before thee what they had against him. Farewell.
YLT: and a plot having been intimated to me against this man -- about to be of the Jews -- at once I sent unto thee, having given command also to the accusers to say the things against him before thee; be strong.'
Darby: But having received information of a plot about to be put in execution against the man by the Jews, I have immediately sent him to thee, commanding also his accusers to say before thee the things that are against him. Farewell.
ASV: And when it was shown to me that there would be a plot against the man, I sent him to thee forthwith, charging his accusers also to speak against him before thee.
| Μηνυθείσης | It having been disclosed |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Passive, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: μηνύω Sense: to disclose or make known something secret. |
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| μοι | to me |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 1st Person Singular Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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| ἐπιβουλῆς | of a plot that |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ἐπιβουλή Sense: a plan formed against one, a plot. |
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| εἰς | against |
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Parse: Preposition Root: εἰς Sense: into, unto, to, towards, for, among. |
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| ἄνδρα | man |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ἀνήρ Sense: with reference to sex. |
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| ἔσεσθαι | would be |
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Parse: Verb, Future Infinitive Middle Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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| ἐξαυτῆς | at once |
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Parse: Adverb Root: ἐξαυτῆς Sense: on the instant, forthwith. |
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| ἔπεμψα | I sent [him] |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular Root: πέμπω Sense: to send. |
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| παραγγείλας | having instructed |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: παραγγέλλω Sense: to transmit a message along from one to another, to declare, announce. |
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| καὶ | also |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: καί Sense: and, also, even, indeed, but. |
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| κατηγόροις | accusers |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: κατήγορος Sense: an accuser. |
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| λέγειν | to speak |
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Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Active Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
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| [τὰ] | these things |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| πρὸς | against |
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Parse: Preposition Root: πρός Sense: to the advantage of. |
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| ἐπὶ | before |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐπί Sense: upon, on, at, by, before. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 23:30
Two constructions combined; genitive absolute (μηνυτεισης επιβουλης mēnutheisēs epiboulēs first aorist passive participle of μηνυω mēnuō) and future infinitive (εσεσται esesthai as if επιβουλην epiboulēn accusative of general reference used) in indirect assertion after μηνυω mēnuō (Robertson, Grammar, p. 877). [source]
First aorist active participle of παραγγελλω paraggellō with which compare ματων mathōn above (Acts 23:27), not subsequent action. Dative case in κατηγοροις katēgorois Before thee (επι σου epi sou). Common idiom for “in the presence of” when before a judge (like Latin apud) as in Acts 24:20, Acts 24:21; Acts 25:26; Acts 26:2. What happened to the forty conspirators we have no way of knowing. Neither they nor the Jews from Asia are heard of more during the long five years of Paul‘s imprisonment in Caesarea and Rome. [source]
Common idiom for “in the presence of” when before a judge (like Latin apud) as in Acts 24:20, Acts 24:21; Acts 25:26; Acts 26:2. What happened to the forty conspirators we have no way of knowing. Neither they nor the Jews from Asia are heard of more during the long five years of Paul‘s imprisonment in Caesarea and Rome. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 23:30
Obsolete in the old sense of immediately. The A. V. translates αὐθὺς ,straightway, in Matthew 13:21, by and by: εὐθέως , Mark 4:17, immediately: and the same word in Luke 21:9, by and by. Ἐξαυτῆς is rendered immediately, Acts 10:33; Acts 11:11: straightway, Acts 23:30: presently, Philemon 2:23. Rev., forthwith. The expression by and by in older English was sometimes used of place. Thus Chaucer.“Right in the same chamber by and by” (close by).and“Two young knights lying by and by” (near together).Edward IV. is reported to have said on his death-bed: “I wote (know) not whether any preacher's words ought more to move you than I that is going by and by to the place that they all preach of.” [source]
The Sanhedrin. Had given commandment Past perfect active of διδωμι didōmi That he should shew it Sub-final ινα hina with first aorist active subjunctive of μηνυω mēnuō old verb to disclose, to report formally (Acts 23:30). If any man knew Third-class condition with εαν ean and second aorist active subjunctive of γινωσκω ginōskō Where he was Indirect question with interrogative adverb and present indicative εστιν estin retained like γνωι gnōi and μηνυσηι mēnusēi after the secondary tense δεδωκεισαν dedōkeisan That they might take him Purpose clause with οπως hopōs instead of ινα hina and first aorist active subjunctive of πιαζω piazō so often used before (John 7:44, etc.). [source]
So rendered by A. V. wherever it occurs, viz., Acts 20:3, Acts 20:19; Acts 23:30; but properly changed by Rev., in every case, to plot. “Laying await” refers rather to the execution of the plot than to the plot itself. [source]
Lit., be strong, like the Latin valete. Compare the close of Claudius Lysias' letter to Festus (Acts 23:30). [source]
Valete. Perfect passive imperative of αναγκη rhōnnumi to make strong. Common at the close of letters. Be made strong, keep well, fare well. Here alone in the N.T. though some MSS. have it in Acts 23:30. [source]
Genitive absolute, “a plot by the Jews having come against him.” Επιβουλη Epiboulē is an old word for a plot against one. In the N.T. only in Acts (Acts 9:24; Acts 20:3, Acts 20:19; Acts 23:30). Please note that this plot is by the Jews, not the Judaizers whom Paul discusses so vehemently in 2 Corinthians 10-13. They had given Paul much anguish of heart as is shown in I Cor. and in 2 Corinthians 1-7, but that trouble seems now past. It is Paul‘s old enemies in Corinth who had cherished all these years their defeat at the hands of Gallio (Acts 18:5-17) who now took advantage of Paul‘s plans for departure to compass his death if possible. As he was about to set sail for Syria (μελλοντι αναγεσται εις την Συριαν mellonti anagesthai eis tēn Surian). The participle μελλοντι mellonti agrees in case (dative) with αυτωι autōi For the sense of intending see also Acts 19:13. Αναγεσται Anagesthai (present middle infinitive) is the common word for putting out to sea (going up, they said, from land) as in Acts 13:13. He determined The best MSS. here read γνωμης gnōmēs (predicate ablative of source like επιλυσεως epiluseōs 2 Peter 1:20, Robertson, Grammar, p. 514), not γνωμη gnōmē (nominative). “He became of opinion.” The Jews had heard of Paul‘s plan to sail for Syria and intended in the hurly-burly either to kill him at the docks in Cenchreae or to push him overboard from the crowded pilgrim ship bound for the passover. Fortunately Paul learned of their plot and so eluded them by going through Macedonia. The Codex Bezae adds here that “the Spirit bade him return into Macedonia.” [source]
Same use of επι epi with the genitive as in Acts 23:30; Acts 24:19, Acts 24:21. Festus, seeing that it was unjust to condemn Paul and yet disadvantageous to absolve him (Blass), now makes the very proposal to Paul that the rulers had made to him in Jerusalem (Acts 25:3). He added the words “επ εμου ep' emou ” (before me) as if to insure Paul of justice. If Festus was unwilling to give Paul justice in Caesarea where his regular court held forth, what assurance was there that Festus would give it to him at Jerusalem in the atmosphere of intense hostility to Paul? Only two years ago the mob, the Sanhedrin, the forty conspirators had tried to take his life in Jerusalem. Festus had no more courage to do right than Felix, however plausible his language might sound. Festus also, while wanting Paul to think that he would in Jerusalem “be judged of these things before me,” in reality probably intended to turn Paul over to the Sanhedrin in order to please the Jews, probably with Festus present also to see that Paul received justice Festus possibly was surprised to find that the charges were chiefly against Jewish law, though one was against Caesar. It was not a mere change of venue that Paul sensed, but the utter unwillingness of Festus to do his duty by him and his willingness to connive at Jewish vengeance on Paul. Paul had faced the mob and the Sanhedrin in Jerusalem, two years of trickery at the hands of Felix in Caesarea, and now he is confronted by the bland chicanery of Festus. It is too much, the last straw. [source]
Same word κατηγορος katēgoros as in Acts 23:30, Acts 23:35; Acts 25:18. This all sounds fair enough. [source]
Old word for a plan (βουλη boulē) against (επι epi) one. In the N.T. only in Acts (Acts 9:24; Acts 20:3, Acts 20:19; Acts 23:30). [source]
This use of the optative in this temporal clause with πριν η prin ē instead of the subjunctive αν εχηι an echēi is in conformity with literary Greek and occurs only in Luke‘s writings in the N.T. (Robertson, Grammar, p. 970). This sequence of modes is a mark of the literary style occasionally seen in Luke. It is interesting here to note the succession of dependent clauses in Acts 25:14-16.The accusers face to face (κατα προσωπον τους κατηγορους kata prosōpon tous katēgorous). Same word κατηγορος katēgoros as in Acts 23:30, Acts 23:35; Acts 25:18. This all sounds fair enough. And have had opportunity to make his defence concerning the matter laid against him Literally, “And should receive (λαβοι laboi optative for same reason as εχοι echoi above, second aorist active of λαμβανω lambanō) opportunity for defence (objective genitive) concerning the charge” (εγκληματος egklēmatos in N.T. only here and Acts 23:19 which see). [source]
The aorist may refer to the whole of the preceding letter, or to the concluding verses which follow. In either case it is probably an instance of the epistolary aorist, by which the writer puts himself at the time when his correspondent is reading his letter. To the correspondent, I write has changed itself into I wrote. Similarly the Lat. scripsi. Ἔπεμψα Isent is used in the same way. See Acts 23:30; Philemon 2:28; Colossians 4:8; Philemon 1:11. [source]
The regular form, κατηγορος katēgoros occurs in John 8:10; Acts 23:30, Acts 23:35; Acts 25:16, Acts 25:18 and in many MSS. here in Revelation 12:10, but A reads κατηγωρ katēgōr which Westcott and Hort accept. It was once considered a Greek transliteration of a Hebrew word, but Deissmann (Light, etc., p. 93f.) quotes it from a vernacular magical papyrus of the fourth century a.d. with no sign of Jewish or Christian influence, just as διακων diakōn appears as a vernacular form of διακονος diakonos Only here is the word applied to Satan in the N.T. In late Judaism Satan is the accuser, and Michael the defender, of the faithful. [source]
Αρτι Arti (John 13:33) shows how recent the downfall of Satan here proleptically pictured as behind us in time (aorist tense εγενετο egeneto).The salvation (η σωτηρια hē sōtēria). Here “the victory” as in Revelation 7:10; Revelation 19:1.The power Gods power over the dragon (cf. Revelation 7:12; Revelation 11:17; Revelation 19:1).The kingdom (η βασιλεια hē basileia). “The empire of God” as in Revelation 11:15.The authority of his Christ Which Christ received from the Father (Matthew 28:18; John 17:2). See Revelation 11:15 (Psalm 2:2) for “his Anointed.”The accuser (ο κατηγωρ ho katēgōr). The regular form, κατηγορος katēgoros occurs in John 8:10; Acts 23:30, Acts 23:35; Acts 25:16, Acts 25:18 and in many MSS. here in Revelation 12:10, but A reads κατηγωρ katēgōr which Westcott and Hort accept. It was once considered a Greek transliteration of a Hebrew word, but Deissmann (Light, etc., p. 93f.) quotes it from a vernacular magical papyrus of the fourth century a.d. with no sign of Jewish or Christian influence, just as διακων diakōn appears as a vernacular form of διακονος diakonos Only here is the word applied to Satan in the N.T. In late Judaism Satan is the accuser, and Michael the defender, of the faithful.Of our brethren The saints still on earth battling with Satan and his devices.Which accuseth them (ο κατηγορων αυτους ho katēgorōn autous). Articular present active participle of κατηγορεω katēgoreō old verb, to accuse, usually with the genitive of the person (John 5:45), but here with the accusative. This is the devil‘s constant occupation (Job 1:6.).Day and night Genitive of time. “By day and by night.” [source]
Gods power over the dragon (cf. Revelation 7:12; Revelation 11:17; Revelation 19:1).The kingdom (η βασιλεια hē basileia). “The empire of God” as in Revelation 11:15.The authority of his Christ Which Christ received from the Father (Matthew 28:18; John 17:2). See Revelation 11:15 (Psalm 2:2) for “his Anointed.”The accuser (ο κατηγωρ ho katēgōr). The regular form, κατηγορος katēgoros occurs in John 8:10; Acts 23:30, Acts 23:35; Acts 25:16, Acts 25:18 and in many MSS. here in Revelation 12:10, but A reads κατηγωρ katēgōr which Westcott and Hort accept. It was once considered a Greek transliteration of a Hebrew word, but Deissmann (Light, etc., p. 93f.) quotes it from a vernacular magical papyrus of the fourth century a.d. with no sign of Jewish or Christian influence, just as διακων diakōn appears as a vernacular form of διακονος diakonos Only here is the word applied to Satan in the N.T. In late Judaism Satan is the accuser, and Michael the defender, of the faithful.Of our brethren The saints still on earth battling with Satan and his devices.Which accuseth them (ο κατηγορων αυτους ho katēgorōn autous). Articular present active participle of κατηγορεω katēgoreō old verb, to accuse, usually with the genitive of the person (John 5:45), but here with the accusative. This is the devil‘s constant occupation (Job 1:6.).Day and night Genitive of time. “By day and by night.” [source]
Which Christ received from the Father (Matthew 28:18; John 17:2). See Revelation 11:15 (Psalm 2:2) for “his Anointed.”The accuser (ο κατηγωρ ho katēgōr). The regular form, κατηγορος katēgoros occurs in John 8:10; Acts 23:30, Acts 23:35; Acts 25:16, Acts 25:18 and in many MSS. here in Revelation 12:10, but A reads κατηγωρ katēgōr which Westcott and Hort accept. It was once considered a Greek transliteration of a Hebrew word, but Deissmann (Light, etc., p. 93f.) quotes it from a vernacular magical papyrus of the fourth century a.d. with no sign of Jewish or Christian influence, just as διακων diakōn appears as a vernacular form of διακονος diakonos Only here is the word applied to Satan in the N.T. In late Judaism Satan is the accuser, and Michael the defender, of the faithful.Of our brethren The saints still on earth battling with Satan and his devices.Which accuseth them (ο κατηγορων αυτους ho katēgorōn autous). Articular present active participle of κατηγορεω katēgoreō old verb, to accuse, usually with the genitive of the person (John 5:45), but here with the accusative. This is the devil‘s constant occupation (Job 1:6.).Day and night Genitive of time. “By day and by night.” [source]