KJV: So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worshippeth.
YLT: and not only is this department in danger for us of coming into disregard, but also, that of the great goddess Artemis the temple is to be reckoned for nothing, and also her greatness is about to be brought down, whom all Asia and the world doth worship.'
Darby: Now not only there is danger for us that our business come into discredit, but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis be counted for nothing, and that her greatness should be destroyed whom the whole of Asia and the world reveres.
ASV: and not only is there danger that this our trade come into disrepute; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana be made of no account, and that she should even be deposed from her magnificence whom all Asia and the world worshippeth.
| μόνον | only |
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Parse: Adverb Root: μόνον Sense: only, alone, but. |
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| τοῦτο | this |
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Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: οὗτος Sense: this. |
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| κινδυνεύει | is endangered |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: κινδυνεύω Sense: to be in jeopardy, to be in danger, to put in peril. |
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| ἡμῖν | to us |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 1st Person Plural Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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| μέρος | business |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: μέρος Sense: a part. |
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| εἰς | into |
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Parse: Preposition Root: εἰς Sense: into, unto, to, towards, for, among. |
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| ἀπελεγμὸν | disrepute |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ἀπελεγμός Sense: censure, repudiation of a thing shown to be worthless. |
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| ἐλθεῖν | to come |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active Root: ἔρχομαι Sense: to come. |
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| καὶ | also |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: καί Sense: and, also, even, indeed, but. |
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| τῆς | of the |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| μεγάλης | great |
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Parse: Adjective, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: μέγας Sense: great. |
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| θεᾶς | goddess |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: θεά Sense: a goddess. |
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| Ἀρτέμιδος | Artemis |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: Ἄρτεμις Sense: Artemis, that is to say the so called Tauric or Persian or Ephesian Artemis, the goddess of many Asiatic people, to be distinguished from the Artemis of the Greeks, the sister of Apollo. |
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| ἱερὸν | temple |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ἱερόν Sense: a sacred place, temple. |
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| οὐθὲν | nothing |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: οὐδείς Sense: no one, nothing. |
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| λογισθῆναι | to be reckoned |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Passive Root: λογίζομαι Sense: to reckon, count, compute, calculate, count over. |
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| μέλλειν | to be |
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Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Active Root: μέλλω Sense: to be about. |
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| καθαιρεῖσθαι | deposed |
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Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Middle or Passive Root: καθαιρέω Sense: to take down. |
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| μεγαλειότητος | majesty |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: μεγαλειότης Sense: greatness, magnificence. |
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| αὐτῆς | of her |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Feminine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| ἣν | whom |
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Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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| ἡ | - |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Ἀσία | Asia |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: Ἀσία Sense: Asia proper or proconsular Asia embracing Mysia, Lydia, Phrygia, and Caria, corresponding closely to Turkey today. |
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| οἰκουμένη | world |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: οἰκουμένη Sense: the inhabited earth. |
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| σέβεται | worship |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: σέβω Sense: to revere, to worship. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 19:27
Part, share, task, job, trade. [source]
Not in the old writers, but in lxx and Koiné. Literally, reputation, exposure, censure, rejection after examination, and so disrepute. Their business of making gods would lose caste as the liquor trade (still called the trade in England) has done in our day. They felt this keenly and so Demetrius names it first. They felt it in their pockets. Of the great goddess Artemis (της μεγαλης τεας Αρτεμιδος tēs megalēs theas Artemidos). She was generally known as the Great (η Μεγαλη hē Megalē). An inscription found at Ephesus calls her “the greatest god” (η μεγιστη τεος hē megistē theos). The priests were eunuchs and there were virgin priestesses and a lower order of slaves known as temple-sweepers (νεωκοροι neōkoroi Acts 19:35). They had wild orgiastic exercises that were disgraceful with their Corybantic processions and revelries. Be made of no account Be reckoned as nothing, first aorist passive infinitive of λογιζομαι logizomai and εις eis Should even be deposed of her magnificence (μελλειν τε και καταιρεισται της μεγαλειοτητος αυτης mellein te kai kathaireisthai tēs megaleiotētos autēs). Note the present infinitive after μελλειν mellein ablative case (so best MSS.) after καταιρεω kathaireō to take down, to depose, to deprive of. The word μεγαλειοτης megaleiotēs occurs also in Luke 9:43 (the majesty of God) and in 2 Peter 1:16 of the transfiguration of Christ. It is already in the lxx and Deissmann (Light from the Ancient East, p. 363) thinks that the word runs parallel with terms used in the emperor-cult. All Asia and the world ολη ̔ἠ Ασια και ̔ἠ οικουμενη holē ‛hē' Asia kai ‛hē' oikoumenā See note on Acts 11:28 for same use of οικουμενη oikoumenā An exaggeration, to be sure, but Pausanias says that no deity was more widely worshipped. Temples of Artemis have been found in Spain and Gaul. Multitudo errantium non efficit veritatem (Bengel). Even today heathenism has more followers than Christianity. To think that all this splendour was being set at naught by one man and a despised Jew at that! [source]
She was generally known as the Great An inscription found at Ephesus calls her “the greatest god” The priests were eunuchs and there were virgin priestesses and a lower order of slaves known as temple-sweepers They had wild orgiastic exercises that were disgraceful with their Corybantic processions and revelries. [source]
Be reckoned as nothing, first aorist passive infinitive of λογιζομαι logizomai and εις eis Should even be deposed of her magnificence (μελλειν τε και καταιρεισται της μεγαλειοτητος αυτης mellein te kai kathaireisthai tēs megaleiotētos autēs). Note the present infinitive after μελλειν mellein ablative case (so best MSS.) after καταιρεω kathaireō to take down, to depose, to deprive of. The word μεγαλειοτης megaleiotēs occurs also in Luke 9:43 (the majesty of God) and in 2 Peter 1:16 of the transfiguration of Christ. It is already in the lxx and Deissmann (Light from the Ancient East, p. 363) thinks that the word runs parallel with terms used in the emperor-cult. All Asia and the world ολη ̔ἠ Ασια και ̔ἠ οικουμενη holē ‛hē' Asia kai ‛hē' oikoumenā See note on Acts 11:28 for same use of οικουμενη oikoumenā An exaggeration, to be sure, but Pausanias says that no deity was more widely worshipped. Temples of Artemis have been found in Spain and Gaul. Multitudo errantium non efficit veritatem (Bengel). Even today heathenism has more followers than Christianity. To think that all this splendour was being set at naught by one man and a despised Jew at that! [source]
Note the present infinitive after μελλειν mellein ablative case (so best MSS.) after καταιρεω kathaireō to take down, to depose, to deprive of. The word μεγαλειοτης megaleiotēs occurs also in Luke 9:43 (the majesty of God) and in 2 Peter 1:16 of the transfiguration of Christ. It is already in the lxx and Deissmann (Light from the Ancient East, p. 363) thinks that the word runs parallel with terms used in the emperor-cult. [source]
ολη ̔ἠ Ασια και ̔ἠ οικουμενη holē ‛hē' Asia kai ‛hē' oikoumenā See note on Acts 11:28 for same use of οικουμενη oikoumenā An exaggeration, to be sure, but Pausanias says that no deity was more widely worshipped. Temples of Artemis have been found in Spain and Gaul. Multitudo errantium non efficit veritatem (Bengel). Even today heathenism has more followers than Christianity. To think that all this splendour was being set at naught by one man and a despised Jew at that! [source]
Lit.,part or department of trade. [source]
Lit., to come into refutation or exposure; hence, disrepute, as Rev. Compare Acts 18:28, and see note there. Ἀπελεγμός , refutation, occurs only here in New Testament. [source]
Or Artemis. We must distinguish between the Greek Artemis, known to the Romans as Diana, and the Ephesian goddess. The former, according to the legend, was the daughter of Zeus (Jove), and the sister of Apollo. She was the patroness of the chase, the huntress among the immortals, represented with bow, quiver, and spear, clad in hunting-habit, and attended by dogs and stags. She was both a destroyer and a preserver, sending forth her arrows of death, especially against women, but also acting as a healer, and as the special protectress of women in childbirth. She was also the goddess of the moon. She was a maiden divinity, whose ministers were vowed to chastity. The Ephesian Artemis is totally distinct from the Greek, partaking of the Asiatic character, and of the attributes of the Lydian Cybele, the great mother of the gods. Her worship near Ephesus appears to have existed among the native Asiatic population before the foundation of the city, and to have been adopted by the Greek immigrants, who gradually transferred to her features peculiar to the Grecian goddess. She was the personification of the fructifying and nourishing powers of nature, and her image, as represented on current coins of the time, is that of a swathed figure, covered with breasts, and holding in one hand a trident, and in the other a club. This uncouth figure, clad in a robe covered with mystic devices, stood in the shrine of the great temple, hidden by a purple curtain, and was believed to have fallen down from heaven (Acts 19:35). In her worship the oriental influence was predominant. The priests were eunuchs, and with them was associated a body of virgin priestesses and a number of slaves, the lowest of whom were known as neocorior temple-sweepers (Acts 19:35). “Many a time must Paul have heard from the Jewish quarter the piercing shrillness of their flutes, and the harsh jangling of their timbrels; many a time have caught glimpses of their detestable dances and Corybantic processions, as, with streaming hair, and wild cries, and shaken torches of pine, they strove to madden the multitudes into sympathy with that orgiastic worship which was but too closely connected with the vilest debaucheries” (Farrar, “Life and Work of Paul”).MagnificenceSee on 2 Peter 1:16. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 19:27
Lit., the inhabited (land )The phrase was originally used by the Greeks to denote the land inhabited by themselves, in contrast with barbarian countries; afterward, when the Greeks became subject to the Romans, the entire Roman world; still later, for the whole inhabited world. In the New Testament this latter is the more common usage, though, in some cases, this is conceived in the mould of the Roman empire, as in this passage, Acts 11:28; Acts 19:27. Christ uses it in the announcement that the Gospel shall be preached in all the world (Matthew 24:14); and Paul in the prediction of a general judgment (Acts 17:31). Once it is used of the world to come (Hebrews 2:5). [source]
Second aorist active indicative of καταβαινω katabainō common verb. It was literally true. These wind storms Mark‘s (Mark 4:37) vivid use of the dramatic present γινεται ginetai (ariseth) is not so precise as Luke‘s “came down.” See note on Matthew 8:24. These sudden squalls were dangerous on this small lake.They were filling (συνεπληρουντο suneplērounto). Imperfect passive. It was the boat that was being filled (Mark 4:37) and it is here applied to the navigators as sailors sometimes spoke. An old verb, but in the N.T. used only by Luke (Luke 8:23; Luke 9:51; Acts 2:1).Were in jeopardy Imperfect active, vivid description. Old verb, but in the N.T. only here, Acts 19:27; 1 Corinthians 15:30. [source]
Imperfect active, vivid description. Old verb, but in the N.T. only here, Acts 19:27; 1 Corinthians 15:30. [source]
A late word from the adjective megaleios and that from megas (great). In the N.T. only here and Acts 19:27 of Artemis and in 2 Peter 1:16 of the Transfiguration. It came to be used by the emperors like our word “Majesty.”Which he did (hois epoiei). This is one of the numerous poor verse divisions. This sentence has nothing to do with the first part of the verse. The imperfect active epoiei covers a good deal not told by Luke (See Mark 9:30 = Matthew 17:22). Note the attraction of the relative hois into the case of pāsin its antecedent. [source]
The healing power is in that name (Page) and Peter says so. Cf. Luke 9:49; Luke 10:17; Acts 4:7, Acts 4:10; Acts 19:27; Acts 16:18. [source]
Commonly explained by making both verbs govern your temptation. Thus the meaning would be: “You were tempted to treat my preaching contemptuously because of my bodily infirmity; but you did not despise nor reject that which was a temptation to you.” This is extremely far fetched, awkward, and quite without parallel in Paul's writings or elsewhere. It does not suit the following but received me, etc. It lays the stress on the Galatians' resistance of a temptation to despise Paul; whereas the idea of a temptation is incidental. On this construction we should rather expect Paul to say: “Ye did despise and repudiate this temptation.” Better, make your temptation, etc., dependent on ye know (Galatians 4:13); place a colon after flesh, and make both verbs govern me in the following clause. Rend. “Ye know how through infirmity of the flesh I preached the gospel to you the first time, and (ye know) your temptation which was in my flesh: ye did not despise nor reject me, but received me.” The last clause thus forms one of a series of short and detached clauses beginning with Galatians 4:10. Ὁυκ ἐξουθενήσατε yedid not set at nought, from οὐδέν nothingThe form οὐθέν occurs Luke 22:35; Luke 23:14; Acts 19:27; Acts 26:26; 1 Corinthians 13:2; 2 Corinthians 11:8. For the compound here, comp. Luke 18:9; Luke 23:11; Acts 4:11; 2 Corinthians 10:10. oClass. Ἑξεπτύσατε spurnedN.T.oLit. spat out. A strong metaphor, adding the idea of contempt to that of setting at nought. Comp. Hom. Od. v. 322; Aristoph. Wasps, 792. The two verbs express contemptuous indifference. Ἑμέσαι tovomit, as a figure of contemptuous rejection, is found in Revelation 3:16. The simple πτύειν tospit only in the literal sense in N.T. Mark 7:33; Mark 8:23; John 9:6, and no other compound occurs. [source]
Lit. for or as a father - son. This usage of εἰς mostly in O.T. citations or established formulas. See Matthew 19:5; Luke 2:34; Acts 19:27; 1 Corinthians 4:3. [source]
Used in only two passages besides this: Luke 9:43, of the mighty power (Rev., majesty ) of God, as manifested in the healing of the epileptic child; and Acts 19:27, of the magnificence of Diana. [source]
Late and rare word (lxx and papyri) from μεγαλειος megaleios (Acts 2:11), in N.T. only here, Luke 9:43 (of God); Acts 19:27 (of Artemis). Peter clearly felt that he and James and John were lifted to the highest stage of initiation at the Transfiguration of Christ. Emphatic εκεινου ekeinou as in 2 Timothy 2:26. [source]
Associative instrumental case of μυτος muthos (old term for word, narrative, story, fiction, fable, falsehood). In N.T. only here and the Pastoral Epistles (1 Timothy 1:4, etc.). Perfect passive participle of σοπιζω sophizō old word (from σοπος sophos), only twice in N.T., in causative sense to make wise (2 Timothy 3:15), to play the sophist, to invent cleverly (here) and so also in the old writers and in the papyri. Some of the false teachers apparently taught that the Gospel miracles were only allegories and not facts (Bigg). Cf. 2 Peter 2:3 for “feigned words.”When we made known unto you (εγνωρισαμεν υμιν egnōrisamen humin). First aorist active indicative of γνωριζω gnōrizō to make known unto you. Possibly by Peter himself.The power and coming These words can refer (Chase) to the Incarnation, just as is true of επιπανεια epiphaneia in 2 Timothy 1:10 (second coming in 1 Timothy 6:14), and is true of παρουσια parousia (2 Corinthians 7:6 of Titus). But elsewhere in the N.T. παρουσια parousia (technical term in the papyri for the coming of a king or other high dignitary), when used of Christ, refers to his second coming (2 Peter 3:4, 2 Peter 3:12).But we were eye-witnesses (αλλ εποπται γενητεντες all' epoptai genēthentes). First aorist passive participle of γινομαι ginomai “but having become eye-witnesses.” Εποπται Epoptai old word (from εποπτω epoptō like εποπτευω epopteuō in 1 Peter 2:12; 1 Peter 3:2), used of those who attained the third or highest degree of initiates in the Eleusinian mysteries (common in the inscriptions). Cf. αυτοπτης autoptēs in Luke 1:2.Of his majesty Late and rare word (lxx and papyri) from μεγαλειος megaleios (Acts 2:11), in N.T. only here, Luke 9:43 (of God); Acts 19:27 (of Artemis). Peter clearly felt that he and James and John were lifted to the highest stage of initiation at the Transfiguration of Christ. Emphatic εκεινου ekeinou as in 2 Timothy 2:26. [source]
These words can refer (Chase) to the Incarnation, just as is true of επιπανεια epiphaneia in 2 Timothy 1:10 (second coming in 1 Timothy 6:14), and is true of παρουσια parousia (2 Corinthians 7:6 of Titus). But elsewhere in the N.T. παρουσια parousia (technical term in the papyri for the coming of a king or other high dignitary), when used of Christ, refers to his second coming (2 Peter 3:4, 2 Peter 3:12).But we were eye-witnesses (αλλ εποπται γενητεντες all' epoptai genēthentes). First aorist passive participle of γινομαι ginomai “but having become eye-witnesses.” Εποπται Epoptai old word (from εποπτω epoptō like εποπτευω epopteuō in 1 Peter 2:12; 1 Peter 3:2), used of those who attained the third or highest degree of initiates in the Eleusinian mysteries (common in the inscriptions). Cf. αυτοπτης autoptēs in Luke 1:2.Of his majesty Late and rare word (lxx and papyri) from μεγαλειος megaleios (Acts 2:11), in N.T. only here, Luke 9:43 (of God); Acts 19:27 (of Artemis). Peter clearly felt that he and James and John were lifted to the highest stage of initiation at the Transfiguration of Christ. Emphatic εκεινου ekeinou as in 2 Timothy 2:26. [source]
Ephesus was built near the sea, in the valley of the Cayster, under the shadows of Coressus and Prion. In the time of Paul it was the metropolis of the province of Asia. It was styled by Pliny the Light of Asia. Its harbor, though partly filled up, was crowded with vessels, and it lay at the junction of roads which gave it access to the whole interior continent. Its markets were the “Vanity Fair” of Asia. Herodotus says: “The Ionians of Asia have built their cities in a region where the air and climate are the most beautiful in the whole world; for no other region is equally blessed with Ionia. For in other countries, either the climate is over-cold and damp, or else the heat and drought are sorely oppressive” (i., 142). In Paul's time it was the residence of the Roman proconsul; and the degenerate inhabitants descended to every species of flattery in order to maintain the favor of Rome. The civilization of the city was mingled Greek and Oriental. It was the head-quarters of the magical art, and various superstitions were represented by different priestly bodies. The great temple of Diana, the Oriental, not the Greek divinity, was ranked among the seven wonders of the world, and Ephesus called herself its sacristan (see on Acts 19:27). To it attached the right of asylum. Legend related that when the temple was finished, Mithridates stood on its summit and declared that the right of asylum should extend in a circle round it, as far as he could shoot an arrow; and the arrow miraculously flew a furlong. This fact encouraged moral contagion. The temple is thus described by Canon Farrar: “It had been built with ungrudging magnificence out of contributions furnished by all Asia - the very women contributing to it their jewels, as the Jewish women had done of old for the Tabernacle of the Wilderness. To avoid the danger of earthquakes, its foundations were built at vast cost on artificial foundations of skin and charcoal laid over the marsh. It gleamed far off with a star-like radiance. Its peristyle consisted of one hundred and twenty pillars of the Ionic order, hewn out of Parian marble. Its doors of carved cypress wood were surmounted by transoms so vast and solid that the aid of miracles was invoked to account for their elevation. The staircase, which led to the roof, was said to have been cut out of a single vine of Cyprus. Some of the pillars were carved with designs of exquisite beauty. Within were the masterpieces of Praxiteles and Phidias and Scopas and Polycletus. Paintings by the greatest of Greek artists, of which one - the likeness of Alexander the Great by Apelles - had been bought for a sum equal in value to £5,000 of modern money, adorned the inner walls. The roof of the temple itself was of cedar-wood, supported by columns of jasper on bases of Parian marble. On these pillars hung gifts of priceless value, the votive offerings of grateful superstition. At the end of it stood the great altar adorned by the bas-relief of Praxiteles, behind which fell the vast folds of a purple curtain. Behind this curtain was the dark and awful shrine in which stood the most sacred idol of classic heathendom; and again, behind the shrine, was the room which, inviolable under divine protection, was regarded as the wealthiest and securest bank in the ancient world “(“Life and Work of St. Paul,” ii., 12). -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- Next to Rome, Ephesus was the principal seat of Paul's labors. He devoted three years to that city. The commonly received tradition represents John as closing his apostolic career there. Nothing in early Church history is better attested than his residence and work in Ephesus, the center of the circle of churches established by Paul in Ionia and Phrygia. [source]