KJV: And there came also Nicodemus, which at the first came to Jesus by night, and brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about an hundred pound weight.
YLT: and Nicodemus also came -- who came unto Jesus by night at the first -- bearing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, as it were, a hundred pounds.
Darby: And Nicodemus also, who at first came to Jesus by night, came, bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred pounds weight.
ASV: And there came also Nicodemus, he who at the first came to him by night, bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred pounds.
| ἦλθεν | Came |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἔρχομαι Sense: to come. |
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| δὲ | now |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| καὶ | also |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: καί Sense: and, also, even, indeed, but. |
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| Νικόδημος | Nicodemus |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Νικόδημος Sense: a member of the Sanhedrin who took the part of Jesus. |
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| ὁ | the [one] |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| ἐλθὼν | having come |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἔρχομαι Sense: to come. |
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| νυκτὸς | by night |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: νύξ Sense: night. |
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| τὸ | at the |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| πρῶτον | first |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: πρῶτος Sense: first in time or place. |
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| φέρων | bearing |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: φέρω Sense: to carry. |
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| μίγμα | a mixture |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ἕλιγμα Sense: that which has been produced by a mixing, a mixture. |
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| σμύρνης | of myrrh |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: σμύρνα1 Sense: myrrh, a bitter gum and costly perfume which exudes from a certain tree or shrub in Arabia and Ethiopia, or is obtained by incisions made in the bark: as an antiseptic it was used for embalming. |
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| ἀλόης | aloes |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ἀλόη Sense: aloe, aloes. |
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| ὡς | about |
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Parse: Adverb Root: ὡς Sense: as, like, even as, etc. |
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| λίτρας | litras |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Plural Root: λίτρα Sense: a pound, a weight of 2 ounces (340 gm). |
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| ἑκατόν | a hundred |
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Parse: Adjective, Accusative Feminine Plural Root: ἑκατόν Sense: a hundred. |
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Greek Commentary for John 19:39
The Synoptics tell about Joseph of Arimathea, but only John adds the help that Nicodemus gave him in the burial of Jesus, these two timid disciples, Nicodemus now at last taking an open stand. At the first Adverbial accusative and reference to John 3:1. Mixture Late word from μιγνυμι mignumi to mix, only here in the N.T. Many old MSS. have here ελιγμα heligma (roll), from ελισσω helissō (Hebrews 1:12), another late word here only in N.T. It was common to use sweet-smelling spices in the burial (2 Chronicles 16:14). Pound Late word for twelve ounces, in N.T. only here and John 12:3. Nicodemus was a rich man and probably covered the entire body with the spices. [source]
The contrast is marked between his first and his second coming. [source]
Only here in the New Testament. Some authorities read ἕλιγμα , a roll. [source]
Roman pounds, of nearly twelve ounces. The large quantity may be explained by the intention of covering the entire body with the preparation, and by the fact that a portion was designed for the couch of the body in the grave. Compare the account of the burial of Asa, 2 Chronicles 16:14. “Extraordinary reverence in its sorrowful excitement does not easily satisfy itself” (Meyer). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 19:39
This word is only here in the N.T. As εντυλισσω entulissō is only in Matthew 27:59; Luke 23:53; John 20:7. Both verbs occur in the papyri, Plutarch, etc. They both mean to wrap, wind, roll in. The body of Jesus was wound in the linen cloth bought by Joseph and the hundred pounds of spices brought by Nicodemus (John 19:39) for burying were placed in the folds of the linen and the linen was bound around the body by strips of cloth (John 19:40). The time was short before the sabbath began and these two reverently laid the body of the Master in Joseph‘s new tomb, hewn out of a rock. The perfect passive participle For further details see Matthew 27:57-60. Luke 23:53 and John 19:41 also tell of the new tomb of Joseph. Some modern scholars think that this very tomb has been identified in Gordon‘s Calvary north of the city. [source]
Through timidity, fearing to compromise his dignity, and possibly his safety. The fact is noticed again, John 19:39(see on John 7:50). By night, “when Jewish superstition would keep men at home.” He could reach Jesus' apartment without being observed by the other inmates of the house, for an outside stair led to the upper room. [source]
Only here and John 19:39. Matthew and Mark, ἀλάβαστρον , a flask. [source]
Referring to John 1:28 (Bethany beyond Jordan). Παλιν Palin does not mean that the other visit was a recent one. At the first Adverbial accusative (extent of time). Same idiom in John 12:16; John 19:39. Here the identical language of John 1:28 is used with the mere addition of το πρωτον to prōton And there he abode Imperfect (continued) active of μενω menō though some MSS. have the constative aorist active εμεινεν emeinen Probably from here Jesus carried on the first part of the later Perean Ministry (Luke 13:22-16:10) before the visit to Bethany at the raising of Lazarus (John 11:1-44). [source]
Latin libra, late Koiné (Polybius, Plutarch) word with weight of 12 ounces, in N.T. only here and John 19:39. Mark (Mark 14:3) and Matthew (Matthew 26:7) have alabaster cruse. Of ointment of spikenard “Of oil of nard.” See note on John 11:2 for μυρου murou (also Matthew 26:7). Nard is the head or spike of an East Indian plant, very fragrant. Occurs also in Mark 14:3. Πιστικης Pistikēs here and in Mark 14:3 probably means genuine Only two instances in the N.T. Very precious Old compound adjective Matthew (Matthew 26:7) has here βαρυτιμου barutimou of weighty value (only N.T. instance). Anointed First aorist active indicative of αλειπω aleiphō old word (Mark 16:1). The feet Mark (Mark 14:3) and Matthew (Matthew 26:7) have “his head.” Why not both, though neither Gospel mentions both? The Latin MS. fuldensis and the Syriac Sinatic do give both head and feet here. Wiped First aorist active indicative of εκμασσω ekmassō old verb to wipe off already in John 11:2; Luke 7:38, Luke 7:44. With her hair Instrumental plural. It is this item that is relied on largely by those who identify Mary of Bethany with the sinful woman in Luke 7:37 and with Mary Magdalene. It is no doubt true that it was usually considered immodest for a woman to wear her hair loose. But it is not impossible that Mary of Bethany in her carefully planned love-offering for Jesus on this occasion was only glad to throw such a punctilio to the winds. Such an act on this occasion does not brand her a woman of loose character. Was filled with the odour of the ointment Effective first aorist passive of πληροω plēroō and a natural result. [source]
Second aorist active indicative of γινωσκω ginōskō Another comment by John concerning the failure of the disciples to know what was happening (cf. John 2:22; John 7:39). At the first Adverbial accusative, as in John 10:40; John 19:39. Was glorified First aorist passive indicative of δοχαζω doxazō to glorify, used of his death already in John 7:39 and by Jesus himself of his death, resurrection, and ascension in John 12:23; John 13:31. Then remembered they First aorist passive indicative of μιμνησκω mimnēskō It was easier to understand then and they had the Holy Spirit to help them (John 16:13-15). Were written of him Periphrastic past perfect passive of γραπω graphō with neuter plural participle agreeing with ταυτα tauta (these things) and singular verb, though the plural ησαν ēsan could have been used. Note the threefold repetition of ταυτα tauta in this verse, “clumsy” Bernard calls it, but making for clarity. The use of επ αυτωι ep' autōi for “of him” rather than περι αυτου peri autou is unusual, but occurs in Revelation 10:11; Revelation 22:16. They had done First aorist active indicative of ποιεω poieō simply, “they did.” [source]
So often in John δε de is explanatory and transitional, not adversative. Nicodemus is an instance of Christ‘s knowledge of men (John 2:25) and of one to whom he did trust himself unlike those in John 2:24. As a Pharisee “he belonged to that party which with all its bigotry contained a salt of true patriotism and could rear such cultured and high-toned men as Gamaliel and Paul” (Marcus Dods). Named Nicodemus Same construction as in John 1:6, “Nicodemus name to him.” So Revelation 6:8. It is a Greek name and occurs in Josephus (Ant. XIV. iii. 2) as the name of an ambassador from Aristobulus to Pompey. Only in John in N.T. (here, John 7:50; John 19:39). He was a Pharisee, a member of the Sanhedrin, and wealthy. There is no evidence that he was the young ruler of Luke 18:18 because of αρχων archōn (ruler) here. [source]
Not heard from since chapter 3 when he timidly came to Jesus by night. Now he boldly protests against the injustice of condemning Jesus unheard. He appears once more (and only in John) in John 19:39 with Joseph of Arimathea as a secret disciple of Jesus. He is a Pharisee and a member of the Sanhedrin and his present act is courageous. Saith Dramatic present active indicative as in John 2:3. Before This is genuine, a reference to the visit in chapter 3, but νυκτος nuktos (by night) is not genuine here. Being one of them As a member of the Sanhedrin he takes up the challenge in John 7:48. He is both ruler and Pharisee. [source]