KJV: If therefore the whole church be come together into one place, and all speak with tongues, and there come in those that are unlearned, or unbelievers, will they not say that ye are mad?
YLT: If, therefore, the whole assembly may come together, to the same place, and all may speak with tongues, and there may come in unlearned or unbelievers, will they not say that ye are mad?
Darby: If therefore the whole assembly come together in one place, and all speak with tongues, and simple persons enter in, or unbelievers, will not they say ye are mad?
ASV: If therefore the whole church be assembled together and all speak with tongues, and there come in men unlearned or unbelieving, will they not say that ye are mad?
| συνέλθῃ | gathers |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: συνέρχομαι Sense: to come together. |
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| ἐκκλησία | church |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ἐκκλησία Sense: a gathering of citizens called out from their homes into some public place, an assembly. |
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| ὅλη | whole |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ὅλος Sense: all, whole, completely. |
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| ἐπὶ | together |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐπί Sense: upon, on, at, by, before. |
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| αὐτὸ | place |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Accusative Neuter 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| λαλῶσιν | should speak |
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Parse: Verb, Present Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἀπολαλέω Sense: to utter a voice or emit a sound. |
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| γλώσσαις | in tongues |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Plural Root: γλῶσσα Sense: the tongue, a member of the body, an organ of speech. 2 a tongue. |
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| εἰσέλθωσιν | come in |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: εἰσέρχομαι Sense: to go out or come in: to enter. |
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| δὲ | however |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| ἰδιῶται | uninstructed ones |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ἰδιώτης Sense: a private person as opposed to a magistrate, ruler, king. |
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| ἄπιστοι | unbelievers |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ἄπιστος Sense: unfaithful, faithless, (not to be trusted, perfidious). |
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| ἐροῦσιν | will they say |
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Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: λέγω Sense: to utter, speak, say. |
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| ὅτι | that |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: ὅτι Sense: that, because, since. |
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| μαίνεσθε | you are mad |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 2nd Person Plural Root: μαίνομαι Sense: to be mad, to rave. |
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Greek Commentary for 1 Corinthians 14:23
These unbelievers unacquainted They will seem like a congregation of lunatics. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 1 Corinthians 14:23
Originally, one in a private station, as opposed to one in office or in public affairs. Therefore one without professional knowledge, a layman; thence, generally, ignorant, ill-informed; sometimes plebeian, common. In the absence of certainty it is as well to retain the meaning given by the A. V., perhaps with a slight emphasis on the want of professional knowledge. Compare 1 Corinthians 14:16, 1 Corinthians 14:23, 1 Corinthians 14:24; 2 Corinthians 11:6. [source]
Literally, multitude of names. This Hebraistic use of ονομα onoma = person occurs in the lxx (Numbers 1:2; 18:20; 3:40, 43; 26:53) and in Revelation 3:4; Revelation 11:13. Together (επι το αυτο epi to auto). The word “gathered” is not in the Greek here, but it does occur in Matthew 22:34 and that is undoubtedly the idea in Luke 17:35 as in Acts 2:1, Acts 2:44, Acts 2:47; 1 Corinthians 11:20; 1 Corinthians 14:23. So also here. They were in the same place (το αυτο to auto). About a hundred and twenty A crowd for “the upper room.” No special significance in the number 120, just the number there. [source]
The word “gathered” is not in the Greek here, but it does occur in Matthew 22:34 and that is undoubtedly the idea in Luke 17:35 as in Acts 2:1, Acts 2:44, Acts 2:47; 1 Corinthians 11:20; 1 Corinthians 14:23. So also here. They were in the same place (το αυτο to auto). [source]
Associative instrumental case showing manner (Robertson, Grammar, p. 530) and the predicate use of the adjective, “with the voice loud” (elevated). Thou art mad (μαινηι mainēi). Old verb for raving. See also John 10:20; Acts 12:15; 1 Corinthians 14:23. The enthusiasm of Paul was too much for Festus and then he had spoken of visions and resurrection from the dead (Acts 26:8). “Thou art going mad” (linear present), Festus means. Thy much learning doth turn thee to madness “Is turning thee round.” Old verb περιτρεπω peritrepō but only here in N.T. Festus thought that Paul‘s “much learning” (=“many letters,” cf. John 7:15 of Jesus) of the Hebrew Scriptures to which he had referred was turning his head to madness (wheels in his head) and he was going mad right before them all. The old word μανια mania (our mania, frenzy, cf. maniac) occurs here only in N.T. Note unusual position of σε se between πολλα polla and γραμματα grammata (Robertson, Grammar, pp. 418, 420) [source]
Old verb for raving. See also John 10:20; Acts 12:15; 1 Corinthians 14:23. The enthusiasm of Paul was too much for Festus and then he had spoken of visions and resurrection from the dead (Acts 26:8). “Thou art going mad” (linear present), Festus means. [source]
I. Passages Relating to the Gift of Tongues. Mark 16:17; Acts href="/desk/?q=ac+10:46&sr=1">Acts 10:46; Acts 19:6; 1 Corinthians 12:10, 1 Corinthians 12:28; 1 Corinthians 13:1; 14. Possibly Ephesians 5:18; 1 Peter 4:11. II. Terms Employed. New tongues (Mark 16:17): other or different tongues ( ἕτεραι , Acts 2:4): kinds ( γένη ) of tongues (1 Corinthians 12:10): simply tongues or tongue ( γλῶσσαι γλῶσσα , Acts href="/desk/?q=ac+2:4&sr=1">Acts 2:4; Acts 10:46; Acts 19:6; 1 Corinthians 14:2, 1 Corinthians 14:4, 1 Corinthians 14:13, 1 Corinthians 14:14, 1 Corinthians 14:19, 1 Corinthians 14:27): to pray in a tongue ( προσεύχεσθαι γλώσσῃ , 1 Corinthians 14:14, 1 Corinthians 14:15), equivalent to praying in the spirit as distinguished from praying with the understanding: tongues of men and angels (1 Corinthians 13:1). -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- III. Recorded Facts in the New Testament. (1.) The first recorded bestowment of the gift was at Pentecost (Acts href="/desk/?q=ac+10:44-46&sr=1">Acts 10:44-46. (3.) Certain disciples at Ephesus, who received the Holy Spirit in the laying on of Paul's hands, spake with tongues and prophesied, Acts 19:6. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- IV. Meaning of the Term “Tongue.” The various explanations are: the tongue alone, inarticulately: rare, provincial, poetic, or archaic words: language or dialect. The last is the correct definition. It does not necessarily mean any of the known languages of men, but may mean the speaker's own tongue, shaped in a peculiar manner by the Spirit's influence; or an entirely new spiritual language. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- V. Nature of the Gift in the Corinthian Church. (1.) The gift itself was identical with that at Pentecost, at Caesarea, and at Ephesus, but differed in its manifestations, in that it required an interpreter. 1 Corinthians 12:10, 1 Corinthians 12:30; 1 Corinthians 14:5, 1 Corinthians 14:13, 1 Corinthians 14:26, 1 Corinthians 14:27. (2.) It was closely connected with prophesying: 1 Corinthians 14:1-6, 1 Corinthians 14:22, 1 Corinthians 14:25; Acts 2:16-18; Acts 19:6. Compare 1 Thessalonians 5:19, 1 Thessalonians 5:20. It was distinguished from prophesying as an inferior gift, 1 Corinthians 14:4, 1 Corinthians 14:5; and as consisting in expressions of praise or devotion rather than of exhortation, warning, or prediction, 1 Corinthians 14:14-16. (3.) It was an ecstatic utterance, unintelligible to the hearers, and requiring interpretation, or a corresponding ecstatic condition on the part of the hearer in order to understand it. It was not for the edification of the hearer but of the speaker, and even the speaker did not always understand it, 1 Corinthians 14:2, 1 Corinthians 14:19. It therefore impressed unchristian bystanders as a barbarous utterance, the effect of madness or drunkenness, Acts 2:13, Acts 2:15; 1 Corinthians 14:11, 1 Corinthians 14:23. Hence it is distinguished from the utterance of the understanding, 1 Corinthians 14:4, 1 Corinthians 14:14-16, 1 Corinthians 14:19, 1 Corinthians 14:27. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- VI. Paul's Estimate of the Gift. He himself was a master of the gift (1 Corinthians 14:18), but he assigned it an inferior position (1 Corinthians 14:4, 1 Corinthians 14:5), and distinctly gave prophesying and speaking with the understanding the preference (1 Corinthians 14:2, 1 Corinthians 14:3, 1 Corinthians 14:5, 1 Corinthians 14:19, 1 Corinthians 14:22). -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- VII. Results and Permanence. Being recognized distinctly as a gift of the Spirit, it must be inferred that it contributed in some way to the edification of the Church; but it led to occasional disorderly outbreaks (1 Corinthians 14:9, 1 Corinthians 14:11, 1 Corinthians 14:17, 1 Corinthians 14:20-23, 1 Corinthians 14:26-28, 1 Corinthians 14:33, 1 Corinthians 14:40). As a fact it soon passed away from the Church. It is not mentioned in the Catholic or Pastoral Epistles. A few allusions to it occur in the writings of the fathers of the second century. Ecstatic conditions and manifestations marked the Montanists at the close of the second century, and an account of such a case, in which a woman was the subject, is given by Tertullian. Similar phenomena have emerged at intervals in various sects, at times of great religious excitement, as among the Camisards in France, the early Quakers and Methodists, and especially the Irvingites. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- [source]
Not a special part of the room, but the position of the ιδιωτου idiōtou (from ιδιος idios one‘s own), common from Herodotus for private person (Acts 4:13), unskilled (2 Corinthians 11:6), uninitiated (unlearned) in the gift of tongues as here and 1 Corinthians 14:23. At thy giving of thanks (επι τηι σηι ευχαριστιαι epi tēi sēi eucharistiāi). Just the prayer, not the Eucharist or the Lord‘s Supper, as is plain from 1 Corinthians 14:17. [source]
Present middle subjunctive, repetition, whenever ye come together, in contrast with special case (εαν συνελτηι ean sunelthēi second aorist subjunctive) in 1 Corinthians 14:23. [source]
Locative case with ιδιωτης idiōtēs for which word see note on Acts 4:13; note on 1 Corinthians 14:16, note on 1 Corinthians 14:23, and 1 Corinthians 14:24. The Greeks regarded a man as ιδιωτης idiōtēs who just attended to his own affairs (τα ιδια ta idia) and took no part in public life. Paul admits that he is not a professional orator (cf. 2 Corinthians 10:10), but denies that he is unskilled in knowledge (αλλ ου τηι γνωσει all' ou tēi gnōsei). [source]