Pilate"s action constituted his sentence against Jesus. Evidently John meant that Pilate handed Jesus over to the Roman soldiers to satisfy the demands of the Jews. He omitted any reference to the severe flogging (the verberatio) that the Roman soldiers then gave Jesus as preliminary punishment before His crucifixion (cf. Matthew 27:27-30; Mark 15:15-19). [source][source][source]
"He was slapped in the face before Annas ( John 18:22), and spat on and beaten before Caiaphas and the council ( Matthew 26:67). Pilate scourged Him and the soldiers smote Him ( John 19:1-3); and before they led Him to Calvary, the soldiers mocked Him and beat Him with a rod ( Mark 15:19). How much He suffered for us!" [1][source]
The NASB and NIV translators divided the material in John 19:16-17 differently, but the content is the same. [source][source][source]
In his account of Jesus" civil trial, John stressed the divine kingship of Jesus and the Jews" rejection of Him. The Gentiles also rejected Him in the person of their leader, Pilate. [source][source][source]
"From the human standpoint, the trial of Jesus was the greatest crime and tragedy in history. From the divine viewpoint, it was the fulfillment of prophecy and the accomplishment of the will of God. The fact that God had planned all of this did not absolve the participants of their responsibility. In fact, at Pentecost, Peter put both ideas together in one statement! ( Acts 2:23)" [2][source]
Context Summary
John 19:10-17 - The Rejection Of The King
Pilate's pride was touched by that silence. In His reply our Lord refers to the relative responsibility of those who shared in His condemnation. It was as if He said, "Great as your sin is, in forfeiting your position, it is less than the sin of those who have put Me into your power." Pilate then became aware of the coil of evil in which he was caught. He was dealing with a matter that touched the unseen and eternal, but the threat to report him to Caesar suddenly brought him back to the earthly and human aspects of the case. With ill-concealed irritation he adopted the phraseology of the priests and cried, Behold your King! The Jews touched the lowest depth of degradation when, trampling under foot their national pride, they cried, We have no king but Caesar! Pilate signed the necessary documents and retired to his palace as having been himself sentenced. [source]
Chapter Summary: John 19
1Jesus is scourged, crowned with thorns, and beaten 4Pilate is desirous to release him, 15but being overcome with the outrage of the crowd, he delivers him to be crucified 23They cast lots for his garments 25He commends his mother to John 28He dies 31His side is pierced 38He is buried by Joseph and Nicodemus
Greek Commentary for John 19:16
He delivered [παρεδωκεν] Kappa aorist active of παραδιδωμι paradidōmi the very verb used of the Sanhedrin when they handed Jesus over to Pilate (John 18:30,John 18:35). Now Pilate hands Jesus back to the Sanhedrin with full consent for his death (Luke 23:25). To be crucified Purpose clause with ινα hina and the first aorist passive subjunctive of σταυροω stauroō John does not give the dramatic episode in Matthew 27:24. when Pilate washed his hands and the Jews took Christ‘s blood on themselves and their children. But it is on Pilate also. [source]
Delivered [] Luke says, delivered to their will (Luke 23:25). Pilate pronounced no sentence, but disclaimed all responsibility for the act, and delivered Christ up to them ( αὐτοῖς ), they having invoked the responsibility upon themselves. See Matthew 27:24,Matthew 27:25. [source]
Greek Commentary for John 19:16
Kappa aorist active of παραδιδωμι paradidōmi the very verb used of the Sanhedrin when they handed Jesus over to Pilate (John 18:30, John 18:35). Now Pilate hands Jesus back to the Sanhedrin with full consent for his death (Luke 23:25). To be crucified Purpose clause with ινα hina and the first aorist passive subjunctive of σταυροω stauroō John does not give the dramatic episode in Matthew 27:24. when Pilate washed his hands and the Jews took Christ‘s blood on themselves and their children. But it is on Pilate also. [source]
Luke says, delivered to their will (Luke 23:25). Pilate pronounced no sentence, but disclaimed all responsibility for the act, and delivered Christ up to them ( αὐτοῖς ), they having invoked the responsibility upon themselves. See Matthew 27:24, Matthew 27:25. [source]
The best texts omit. [source]