KJV: And he taketh with him Peter and James and John, and began to be sore amazed, and to be very heavy;
YLT: and he taketh Peter, and James, and John with him, and began to be amazed, and to be very heavy,
Darby: And he takes with him Peter and James and John, and he began to be amazed and oppressed in spirit.
ASV: And he taketh with him Peter and James and John, and began to be greatly amazed, and sore troubled.
| παραλαμβάνει | He takes |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: παραλαμβάνω Sense: to take to, to take with one’s self, to join to one’s self. |
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| τὸν | - |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Πέτρον | Peter |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Πέτρος Sense: one of the twelve disciples of Jesus. |
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| Ἰάκωβον | James |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰάκωβος Sense: son of Zebedee, an apostle and brother of the apostle John, commonly called James the greater or elder, slain by Herod, Acts 2. |
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| Ἰωάννην | John |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰωάννης Sense: John the Baptist was the son of Zacharias and Elisabeth, the forerunner of Christ. |
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| ἤρξατο | He began |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἄρχω Sense: to be the first to do (anything), to begin. |
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| ἐκθαμβεῖσθαι | to be greatly awe-struck |
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Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Middle or Passive Root: ἐκθαμβέω Sense: to throw into terror or amazement. |
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| ἀδημονεῖν | deeply distressed |
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Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Active Root: ἀκηδεμονέω Sense: to be troubled, great distress or anguish, depressed. |
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Greek Commentary for Mark 14:33
Matthew 26:37 has “sorrowful and sore troubled.” See note on Matt. about αδημονειν adēmonein Mark alone uses εχταμβεισται exthambeisthai (here and in Mark 9:15). There is a papyrus example given by Moulton and Milligan‘s Vocabulary. The verb ταμβεω thambeō occurs in Mark 10:32 for the amazement of the disciples at the look of Jesus as he went toward Jerusalem. Now Jesus himself feels amazement as he directly faces the struggle in the Garden of Gethsemane. He wins the victory over himself in Gethsemane and then he can endure the loss, despising the shame. For the moment he is rather amazed and homesick for heaven. “Long as He had foreseen the Passion, when it came clearly into view its terror exceeded His anticipations” (Swete). “He learned from what he suffered,” (Hebrews 5:8) and this new experience enriched the human soul of Jesus. [source]
A word peculiar to Mark. Compare Mark 9:15; Mark 16:5, Mark 16:6. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Mark 14:33
(αδημονειν adēmonein) is of doubtful etymology. There is an adjective αδημος adēmos equal to αποδημος apodēmos meaning “not at home,” “away from home,” like the German unheimisch, unheimlich. But whatever the etymology, the notion of intense discomfort is plain. The word αδημονειν adēmonein occurs in P.Oxy. II, 298,456 of the first century a.d. where it means “excessively concerned.” See note on Philemon 2:26 where Paul uses it of Epaphroditus. Moffatt renders it here “agitated.” The word occurs sometimes with απορεω aporeō to be at a loss as to which way to go. The Braid Scots has it “sair putten-aboot.” Here Matthew has also “to be sorrowful” (λυπεισται lupeisthai), but Mark (Mark 14:33) has the startling phrase greatly amazed and sore troubled (εκταμβεισται και αδημονειν ekthambeisthai kai adēmonein), a “feeling of terrified surprise.” [source]
So again (Phlippians 1:5, Phlippians 1:7, Phlippians 1:8). Was sore troubled (αδημονων adēmonōn). Periphrastic imperfect again (repeat ην ēn) of the old word αδημονεω adēmoneō either from an unused αδημων adēmōn (α a privative and δημος dēmos away from home, homesick) or from αδημων αδησαι adēmōnδιοτι ηκουσατε οτι ηστενησε adēsai (discontent, bewilderment). The Vocabulary of Moulton and Milligan gives one papyrus example in line with the latter etymology. See already Matthew 26:37; Mark 14:33. In any case the distress of Epaphroditus was greatly increased when he knew that the Philippians (the home-folks) had learned of his illness, “because ye had heard that he was sick” (ηστενησε dioti ēkousate hoti ēsthenēse), “because ye heard that he fell sick” (ingressive aorist). He was sick Ingressive aorist, “he did become sick.” Nigh unto death (παραπλησιος paraplēsion thanatōi). Only example in N.T. of this compound adverbial preposition (from the adjective paraplēsios) with the dative case. [source]
Periphrastic imperfect again (repeat ην ēn) of the old word αδημονεω adēmoneō either from an unused αδημων adēmōn The Vocabulary of Moulton and Milligan gives one papyrus example in line with the latter etymology. See already Matthew 26:37; Mark 14:33. In any case the distress of Epaphroditus was greatly increased when he knew that the Philippians (the home-folks) had learned of his illness, “because ye had heard that he was sick” (ηστενησε dioti ēkousate hoti ēsthenēse), “because ye heard that he fell sick” (ingressive aorist). [source]