The Meaning of Isaiah 30:28 Explained

Isaiah 30:28

KJV: And his breath, as an overflowing stream, shall reach to the midst of the neck, to sift the nations with the sieve of vanity: and there shall be a bridle in the jaws of the people, causing them to err.

YLT: And His breath is as an overflowing stream, Unto the neck it divideth, To sift nations with a sieve of vanity, And a bridle causing to err, Is on the jaws of the peoples.

Darby: and his breath as an overflowing torrent, which reacheth even to the neck, to sift the nations with the sieve of destruction, and to put a bridle into the jaws of the peoples, that causeth them to go astray.

ASV: and his breath is as an overflowing stream, that reacheth even unto the neck, to sift the nations with the sieve of destruction: and a bridle that causeth to err'shall be in the jaws of the peoples.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And his breath,  as an overflowing  stream,  shall reach to the midst  of the neck,  to sift  the nations  with the sieve  of vanity:  and [there shall be] a bridle  in the jaws  of the people,  causing [them] to err. 

What does Isaiah 30:28 Mean?

Context Summary

Isaiah 30:18-33 - The Goodness Of God's Severity
Jerusalem refused God's invitation to return to Him and rest; they preferred to trust in Egyptian cavalry. Their Almighty Friend knew that this would end in disappointment, but He said that He would wait till they had exhausted every expedient and returned to Him. Then would He be gracious and have mercy. The results of repentance and forgiveness are set forth with singular beauty: no more tears; great grace; answered prayer; divine teaching; guidance in the right way; no more idols; good harvests and rich pasture-lands; the dumb creation benefiting by man's repentance; and thus, in Isaiah 30:26, we come to the light of the millennial dawn.
In Isaiah 30:27-33 Jehovah is represented as coming to avenge His people and to judge their enemies. Their welcoming gladness is compared in Isaiah 30:29 to the songs of the Hebrew festivals. What a magnificent description in Isaiah 30:30-31 of Jehovah as a man of war! Every stroke He inflicted on the foe would awaken the music of tabrets and harps in the temple at Zion. Tophet, near Jerusalem, was the place where refuse was burnt. The spiritual counterpart of its fire is ever burning up the waste-products of men and nations. [source]

Chapter Summary: Isaiah 30

1  The prophet threatens the people for their confidence in Egypt
8  And contempt of God's word
18  God's mercies toward his church
27  God's wrath and the people's joy, in the destruction of Assyria

What do the individual words in Isaiah 30:28 mean?

And His breath His like stream an overflowing to the neck which reaches up to sift the nations with the sieve of futility and [there shall be] a bridle Causing [them] to err In the jaws of the people
וְרוּח֞וֹ כְּנַ֤חַל שׁוֹטֵף֙ עַד־ צַוָּ֣אר יֶֽחֱצֶ֔ה לַהֲנָפָ֥ה גוֹיִ֖ם בְּנָ֣פַת שָׁ֑וְא וְרֶ֣סֶן מַתְעֶ֔ה עַ֖ל לְחָיֵ֥י עַמִּֽים

וְרוּח֞וֹ  And  His  breath  His 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Noun, common singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: רוּחַ  
Sense: wind, breath, mind, spirit.
כְּנַ֤חַל  like  stream 
Parse: Preposition-k, Noun, masculine singular
Root: נַחַל 
Sense: torrent, valley, wadi, torrent-valley.
שׁוֹטֵף֙  an  overflowing 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine singular
Root: שָׁטַף  
Sense: to wash, rinse, overflow, engulf, rinse or wash off.
צַוָּ֣אר  the  neck 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: צַוָּאר 
Sense: neck, back of neck.
יֶֽחֱצֶ֔ה  which  reaches  up 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: חָצָה  
Sense: to divide, cut in two, cut short, live half (of one’s life).
לַהֲנָפָ֥ה  to  sift 
Parse: Preposition-l, Verb, Hifil, Infinitive construct, third person feminine singular
Root: הֲנָפָה 
Sense: to move to and fro, wave, besprinkle.
גוֹיִ֖ם  the  nations 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural
Root: גֹּוי 
Sense: nation, people.
בְּנָ֣פַת  with  the  sieve 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, feminine singular construct
Root: נָפָה 
Sense: a lofty place, height.
שָׁ֑וְא  of  futility 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: שָׁוְא  
Sense: emptiness, vanity, falsehood.
וְרֶ֣סֶן  and  [there  shall  be]  a  bridle 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Noun, masculine singular
Root: רֶסֶן  
Sense: something that restrains, halter, jaw.
מַתְעֶ֔ה  Causing  [them]  to  err 
Parse: Verb, Hifil, Participle, masculine singular
Root: תָּעָה  
Sense: to err, wander, go astray, stagger.
לְחָיֵ֥י  the  jaws 
Parse: Noun, feminine plural construct
Root: לְחִי  
Sense: jaw, cheek.
עַמִּֽים  of  the  people 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural
Root: עַם 
Sense: nation, people.