KJV: In journeyings often, in perils of waters, in perils of robbers, in perils by mine own countrymen, in perils by the heathen, in perils in the city, in perils in the wilderness, in perils in the sea, in perils among false brethren;
YLT: journeyings many times, perils of rivers, perils of robbers, perils from kindred, perils from nations, perils in city, perils in wilderness, perils in sea, perils among false brethren;
Darby: in journeyings often, in perils of rivers, in perils of robbers, in perils from my own race, in perils from the nations, in perils in the city, in perils in the desert, in perils on the sea, in perils among false brethren;
ASV: in journeyings often, in perils of rivers, in perils of robbers, in perils from my countrymen, in perils from the Gentiles, in perils in the city, in perils in the wilderness, in perils in the sea, in perils among false brethren;
| ὁδοιπορίαις | in journeyings |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Plural Root: ὁδοιπορία Sense: a journey, journeying. |
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| πολλάκις | often |
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Parse: Adverb Root: πολλάκις Sense: often, frequently. |
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| κινδύνοις | in perils |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: κίνδυνος Sense: a danger, a peril. |
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| ποταμῶν | of rivers |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: ποταμός Sense: a stream, a river. |
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| λῃστῶν | of robbers |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: ἀρχιλῃστής Sense: a robber, plunderer, freebooter, brigand. |
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| ἐκ | from [my own] |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐκ Sense: out of, from, by, away from. |
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| γένους | race |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: γένος Sense: race. |
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| ἐθνῶν | [the] Gentiles |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Plural Root: ἔθνος Sense: a multitude (whether of men or of beasts) associated or living together. |
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| πόλει | [the] city |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: πόλις Sense: a city. |
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| ἐρημίᾳ | [the] wilderness |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ἐρημία Sense: a solitude, an uninhabited region, a waste. |
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| θαλάσσῃ | [the] sea |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: θάλασσα Sense: the sea. |
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| ψευδαδέλφοις | false brothers |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ψευδάδελφος Sense: a false brother. |
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Greek Commentary for 2 Corinthians 11:26
Locative case of old word, only here in N.T. and John 4:6, from οδοιπορος hodoiporos wayfarer. [source]
Locative case of κινδυνος kindunos old word for danger or peril. In N.T. only this verse and Romans 8:35. The repetition here is very effective without the preposition εν en (in) and without conjunctions (asyndeton). They are in contrasted pairs. The rivers of Asia Minor are still subject to sudden swellings from floods in the mountains. Cicero and Pompey won fame fighting the Cilician pirates and robbers (note ληιστων lēistōn not κλεπτων kleptōn thieves, brigands or bandits on which see Matthew 26:55). The Jewish perils Travel in the mountains and in the wilderness was perilous in spite of the great Roman highways. Among false brethren (εν πσευδαδελποις en pseudadelphois). Chapters 2 Corinthians 10; 11 throw a lurid light on this aspect of the subject. [source]
Chapters 2 Corinthians 10; 11 throw a lurid light on this aspect of the subject. [source]
From the sudden swelling of mountain streams or flooding of dry water-courses. “The rivers of Asia Minor, like all the rivers in the Levant, are liable to violent and sudden changes, and no district in Asia Minor is more singularly characterized by its water-floods than the mountainous tract of Pisidia, where rivers burst out at the bases of huge cliffs, or dash down wildly through narrow ravines” (Conybeare and Howson, i., ch. 6). [source]
The tribes inhabiting the mountains between the table-land of Asia Minor and the coast were notorious for robbery. Paul may have encountered such on his journey to the Pisidian Antioch, Acts 13:14. [source]
Conspiracies of the Jews at Damascus, Lystra, Thessalonica, Beroea, etc. [source]
As at Philippi and Ephesus. [source]
Judaizing Christians, as Galatians 2:4. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 2 Corinthians 11:26
First aorist passive participle of αναγω anagō Thirteen times in the Acts and Luke 8:22 which see. They sailed up to sea and came down First aorist active participle of apochōreō old verb to withdraw, go away from. In the N.T. only here and Matthew 7:23; Luke 9:39. He is called John here as in Acts 13:5 and Mark in Acts 15:39, though John Mark in Acts 12:12, Acts 12:25. This may be accidental or on purpose (Deissmann, Bible Studies, p. 317). Luke is silent on John‘s reasons for leaving Paul and Barnabas. He was the cousin of Barnabas and may not have relished the change in leadership. There may have been change in plans also now that Paul is in command. Barnabas had chosen Cyprus and Paul has led them to Perga in Pamphylia and means to go on into the highlands to Antioch in Pisidia. There were perils of many sorts around them and ahead (2 Corinthians 11:26), perils to which John Mark was unwilling to be exposed. Paul will specifically charge him at Antioch with desertion of his post (Acts 15:39). It is possible, as Ramsay suggests, that the mosquitoes at Perga gave John malaria. If so, they bit Paul and Barnabas also. He may not have liked Paul‘s aggressive attitude towards the heathen. At any rate he went home to Jerusalem instead of to Antioch, zu seiner Mutter (Holtzmann). It was a serious breach in the work, but Paul and Barnabas stuck to the work. [source]
First aorist active participle of apochōreō old verb to withdraw, go away from. In the N.T. only here and Matthew 7:23; Luke 9:39. He is called John here as in Acts 13:5 and Mark in Acts 15:39, though John Mark in Acts 12:12, Acts 12:25. This may be accidental or on purpose (Deissmann, Bible Studies, p. 317). Luke is silent on John‘s reasons for leaving Paul and Barnabas. He was the cousin of Barnabas and may not have relished the change in leadership. There may have been change in plans also now that Paul is in command. Barnabas had chosen Cyprus and Paul has led them to Perga in Pamphylia and means to go on into the highlands to Antioch in Pisidia. There were perils of many sorts around them and ahead (2 Corinthians 11:26), perils to which John Mark was unwilling to be exposed. Paul will specifically charge him at Antioch with desertion of his post (Acts 15:39). It is possible, as Ramsay suggests, that the mosquitoes at Perga gave John malaria. If so, they bit Paul and Barnabas also. He may not have liked Paul‘s aggressive attitude towards the heathen. At any rate he went home to Jerusalem instead of to Antioch, zu seiner Mutter (Holtzmann). It was a serious breach in the work, but Paul and Barnabas stuck to the work. [source]
It is not clear why Paul and Barnabas left Perga so soon nor why they went to Antioch in Pisidia. Ramsay suggests malaria that spurred them on to the hills after the desertion of John Mark. They preached at Perga on the return (Acts 14:25) and apparently hurried away now. Farrar thinks that the hot weather had driven the population to the hills. At any rate it is not difficult to imagine the perils of this climb over the rough mountain way from Perga to Pisidian Antioch to which Paul apparently refers in 2 Corinthians 11:26. [source]
Probably city officials (the Duumviri, the Praetors, the First Ten in the Greek Cities of the east) or other “foremost” men, not officials. The rabbis were shrewd enough to reach these men (not proselytes) through the women who were proselytes of distinction. Stirred up a persecution (επηγειραν διωγμον epēgeiran diōgmon). First aorist active indicative of επεγειρω epegeirō old verb, but in the N.T. only here and Acts 14:2. Paul seems to allude to this persecution in 2 Timothy 3:11 “persecutions, sufferings, what things befell me at Antioch, at Iconium, at Lystra, what persecutions I endured.” Here Paul had perils from his own countrymen and perils from the Gentiles after the perils of rivers and perils of robbers on the way from Perga (2 Corinthians 11:26). He was thrice beaten with rods (τρις εραβδιστην tris erhabdisthēn 2 Corinthians 11:25) by Roman lictors in some Roman colony. If that was here, then Paul and Barnabas were publicly scourged by the lictors before they left. Probably the Jews succeeded in making the Roman officials look on Paul and Barnabas as disturbers of the public peace. So “they cast them out of their borders” (εχεβαλον αυτους απο των οριων αυτων exebalon autous apo tōn horiōn autōn). Second aorist active indicative of εκβαλλω ekballō forcible expulsion plainly as public nuisances. Just a few days before they were the heroes of the city and now! [source]
First aorist active indicative of επεγειρω epegeirō old verb, but in the N.T. only here and Acts 14:2. Paul seems to allude to this persecution in 2 Timothy 3:11 “persecutions, sufferings, what things befell me at Antioch, at Iconium, at Lystra, what persecutions I endured.” Here Paul had perils from his own countrymen and perils from the Gentiles after the perils of rivers and perils of robbers on the way from Perga (2 Corinthians 11:26). He was thrice beaten with rods Second aorist active indicative of εκβαλλω ekballō forcible expulsion plainly as public nuisances. Just a few days before they were the heroes of the city and now! [source]
From πσευδης pseudēs false, and αποστολος apostolos Paul apparently made this word (cf. Revelation 2:2). In 2 Corinthians 11:26 we have πσευδαδελπος pseudadelphos a word of like formation (Galatians 2:4). See also πσευδοχριστοι pseudochristoi and πσευδοπροπηται pseudoprophētai in Mark 13:22. [source]
Only here and 2 Corinthians 11:26. Christians in name only; Judaisers; anti-Paulinists. The article marks them as a well known class. [source]
Race. Not sect of the Pharisees. Comp. Philemon 3:5; 2 Corinthians 11:26; Romans 9:3. [source]