What does Zechariah mean in the Bible?

Greek / Hebrew Translation Occurance
זְכַרְיָה֙ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 5
ζαχαρίας the father of John the Baptist. / son of Barachias 4
זְכַרְיָ֖ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 4
ζαχαρίου the father of John the Baptist. / son of Barachias 4
זְכַרְיָ֑ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 3
זְכַרְיָ֥ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 3
זְכַרְיָ֖הוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 3
וּזְכַרְיָ֖ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 2
ζαχαρίαν the father of John the Baptist. / son of Barachias 2
זְכַרְיָֽהוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 2
זְכַרְיָ֡הוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 2
וּזְכַרְיָ֜הוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
זְכַרְיָ֨ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
זְכַרְיָ֔ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
זְכַרְיָ֧ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
וְלִזְכַרְיָ֥ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
וּזְכַרְיָ֤ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
זְכַרְיָֽה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
זְכַרְיָ֨הוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
וּזְכַרְיָ֧ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
זְכַרְיָ֤הוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
זְכַרְיָ֔הוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
וּזְכַרְיָ֣הוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
וְלִזְכַרְיָ֔ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
ζαχαρία the father of John the Baptist. / son of Barachias 1
וּזְכַרְיָ֨ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
וּזְכַרְיָֽהוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
זְכַרְיָ֑הוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
וּזְכַרְיָ֨הוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
וּ֠זְכַרְיָהוּ 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1
זְכַרְיָ֗ה 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest 1

Definitions Related to Zechariah

H2148


   1 11th in order of the minor prophets; a priest, son of Berechiah and grandson of Iddo, who, along with Haggai, directed the rebuilding of the temple in the days of Zerubbabel.
   2 king of Israel, son of Jeroboam II.
   3 son of Meshelemiah of Shelemiah, a Korhite, and keeper of the north gate of the tabernacle of the congregation.
   4 one of the sons of Jehiel.
   5 a Levite of the second order in the temple band in the time of David.
   6 one of the princes of Judah in the reign of Jehoshaphat.
   7 son of the high priest Jehoiada, in the reign of Joash king of Judah, who was stoned in the court of the temple.
   8 a Kohathite Levite in the reign of Josiah.
   9 the leader of the sons of Pharosh who returned with Ezra.
      10 son of Bebai.
      11 one of the chiefs of the people whom Ezra summoned in council at the river Ahava; stood at Ezra’s left hand when Ezra expounded the law to the people.
      12 one of the family of Elam who had married a foreign wife after the captivity.
      13 ancestor of Athaiah or Uthai.
      14 a Shilonite, descendant of Perez, grandfather of Athaiah.
      15 a priest, son of Pashur.
      16 the representative of the priestly family of Iddo in the days of Joiakim the son of Jeshua; possibly the same as 1 above.
      17 one of the priests, son of Jonathan, who blew with the trumpets at the dedication of the city wall by Ezra and Nehemiah.
      18 a chief of the Reubenites at the time of the captivity by Tiglath-pileser.
      19 one of the priests who accompanied the ark from the house of Obed-edom.
      20 son of Isshiah of Jesiah, a Kohathite Levite descended from Uzziel.
      21 4th son of Hosah, of the children of Merari.
      22 a Manassite, father of Iddo.
      23 father of Jahaziel.
      He prophesied in the spirit.
      24 one of the sons of Jehoshaphat.
      25 a prophet in the reign of Uzziah, who appears to have acted as the king’s counsellor, but of whom nothing is known.
      26 father of Abijah or Abi, Hezekiah’s mother.
      27 one of the family of Asaph in the reign of Hezekiah.
      28 one of the rulers of the temple in the reign of Josiah.
      29 son of Jeberechiah who was taken by the prophet Isaiah as one of the ‘faithful witnesses to record’ when he wrote concerning Maher-shalal-hash-baz.
      Additional Information: Zechariah = “Jehovah remembers”.
      

G2197


   1 the father of John the Baptist.
   2 son of Barachias, who was slain by the Jews between the altar and the temple.
   Additional Information: Zacharias meaning “remembered of Jehovah”.
   

Frequency of Zechariah (original languages)

Frequency of Zechariah (English)

Dictionary

Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Zechariah
ZECHARIAH . 1 . Brother of Ner and uncle of Saul ( 1 Chronicles 9:37 ); called Zecher in 1 Chronicles 8:31 . 1 Chronicles 8:2 . A son of Meshelemiah ( 1 Chronicles 9:21 ; 1 Chronicles 26:2 ; 1 Chronicles 26:14 ). 3 . A Levite musician ( 1 Chronicles 15:18 ; 1 Chronicles 15:20 ). 4 . A priest in the time of David ( 1 Chronicles 15:24 ). 5 . A Levite, of the family of Kohath ( 1 Chronicles 24:25 ). 6 . A Levite, of the family of Merari ( 1 Chronicles 26:11 ). 7 . Father of Iddo ( 1 Chronicles 27:21 ). 8 . One of the princes of Judah in the days of Jehoshaphat ( 2 Chronicles 17:7 ). 9 . A Levite, one of the sons of Asaph ( 2 Chronicles 20:14 ). 10. Son of Jehoshaphat ( 2 Chronicles 21:3 ). 11. Son of Jehoiada the priest ( 2 Chronicles 24:20 ). After Jehoiada’s death, Zechariah reproved the idolaters and announced God’s judgment against them. He was stoned with stones at the commandment of the king in the court of the house of the Lord. His dying words, ‘The Lord look upon it and require it,’ were long remembered. See also Zachariah (No. 9). 12. A prophet, living in the earlier part of Uzziah’s reign ( 2 Chronicles 26:5 ). 13. Son of Jeroboam II. ( 2Ki 14:29 ; 2 Kings 15:8 ; 2 Kings 15:12 ). See next article. 14. A man of high repute in Isaiah’s day ( Isaiah 8:2 ). When faithful witnesses were required to attest a solemn prophetic roll, this Zech. was chosen along with Uriah the priest. He is described as son of Jeberechiah, and may possibly be the same as the Asaphite mentioned in 2 Chronicles 29:13 . 2 Chronicles 29:15 . The father of Abi or Abijah, the mother of king Hezekiah ( 2 Kings 18:2 , 2 Chronicles 29:1 ). 16. A reforming Asaphite under Hezekiah ( 2 Chronicles 29:13 ). 17. Head of a house of the Reubenites ( 1 Chronicles 5:7 ). 18. A Levite, one of the sons of Kohath ( 2 Chronicles 34:12 ). 19. One of the rulers of the Temple under Josiah ( 2 Chronicles 35:8 [1]). 20. The prophet (see Zechariah [2]). 21. One of the family of Parosh ( 2 Kings 15:8-12 [3]). 22. Son of Bebal ( Ezra 8:11 [4]). 23. One of the chief men with whom Ezra consulted at the river Ahava ( Ezra 8:15 ; cf. 1Es 8:44 ; prob. = No. 21). 24. A descendant of Elam ( Ezra 10:26 ; Ezra 10:44 [5]). 25. A descendant of Perez ( Nehemiah 11:4 ). 26. A Shilonite ( Nehemiah 11:5 ). 27. Son of Pashhur ( Nehemiah 11:12 ). 28. An Asaphite ( Nehemiah 12:35 ). 29. A priest ( Nehemiah 12:41 ).
ZECHARIAH , king of Israel, was the last member of the house of Jehu to come to the throne, and he occupied it only six months. His assassination begins the period of virtual anarchy with which the history of Israel comes to an end ( 2 Kings 14:29 ; Ezra 8:11 ).
H. P. Smith.
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Zechariah, Book of
ZECHARIAH, BOOK OF . The first eight chapters contain the genuine prophecies of Zechariah. Chs. 9 14 are sharply distinguished from these in form, language, and thought. They are generally regarded as anonymous prophecies which became attached to the original book, and are often spoken of as Deutero-Zechariah.
I. Chapters 1 8
1. Historical occasion. According to Ezra ( Ezra 5:1 ; Ezra 6:14 ), the prophets Haggai and Zechariah roused Zerubbabel and Joshua to build the Temple, and the work went forward prosperously through their prophesying. The dates given in the book itself assign the prophecies to the second and fourth years of Darius (b.c. 520, 518). The first message ( Zechariah 1:1-5 ) is placed two months after the first address of Haggai, between the second and third. The section Zechariah 1:7 to Zechariah 6:15 is two months later than the last addresses of Haggai, while chs. 7, 8 follow after an interval of nearly two years. The prophecies are thus associated with the earlier part of the four years devoted to the re-building of the Temple, and their contents connect themselves with this occasion.
2. Contents. The book opens with an exhortation to return unto Jehovah ( Zechariah 1:1-6 ), based upon the sad experience of the fathers who had not heeded the word of the prophets to return from their evil ways.
It is especially noticeable that this post-exilic prophet, although very familiar with the words of his predecessors, is not enslaved by them; he rather draws a living lesson from a broad view of the vital experiences of the past. The main body of the book (Zechariah 1:7 to Zechariah 6:15 ) is made up of a series of eight visions and a symbolic action, after the manner of Ezekiel. In the first ( Zechariah 1:7-17 ) the prophet aees at night, in a myrtle-shaded glen, four horsemen whom the angel that talks with him designates as the messengers of Jehovah. They report that all is quiet in the earth. The angel calls upon Jehovah: ‘How long wilt thou not have mercy on Jerusalem and on the cities of Judah, against which thou hast had indignation these threescore and ten years?’ In response, assurance comes that Jehovah is displeased with the nations which are at ease, He is returned to Jerusalem, His house shall be built, His cities shall overflow with prosperity, Zion be comforted, Jerusalem chosen. The second vision ( Zechariah 1:18-21 ) is of four horns the nations which have scattered the holy people and four smiths, who are to cast them down. Next, the prophet sees ( Zechariah 2:1-5 ) the future Jerusalem spread far and wide beyond the limits of her old walls, with Jehovah as a wall of fire round about her. There follows a song that calls upon the exiles to return, pictures the discomfiture of those that have plundered them, and the future glory of Zion as Jehovah’s dwelling-place.
In ch. 3, Joshua, the high priest, is seen standing before Jehovah’s angel, clad in filthy garments and accused by the Satan. Now these garments are taken from him, and he is clothed in rich apparel as a symbol of the removal of guilt. Joshua is promised full exercise of his priestly functions if he will walk in Jehovah’s ways; he and those with him are a sign that Jehovah is to bring His servant the Branch (cf. Isaiah 4:2 , Jeremiah 23:5 ; Jeremiah 33:15 ). The vision that follows (ch. 4) is of the seven-branched lamp of the Temple, supplied with oil from two olive trees. Probably the promise to Zerubbabel ( Zechariah 4:6-10 a) should be transferred to the end of the chapter; then confusion disappears, and the seven lamps are interpreted as the eyes of Jehovah which run to and fro through the earth. The olive trees are explained as the two sons of oil that stand by the Lord of the whole earth. They must be Zerubbabel and Joshua, representatives of king and priest. The splendid promise to Zerubbabel now closes the picture, as that to Joshua had closed the preceding. In this, Zerubbabel is assured that he shall bring the Temple to completion, not by might nor by power, but by Jehovah’s spirit. The prominent place given in these visions to priest and king, as essential to the national life, is most significant. Next, the prophet aees ( Jeremiah 5:1-4 ) the curse of Jehovah as a book that flies and enters the house of every thief and perjurer to consume it. The seventh vision ( Jeremiah 5:6-11 ) follows naturally upon the preceding. Wickedness, represented by a woman, is carried away from the land to Babylonia. Jehovah’s curse has fallen upon the sinners, and sin itself is now removed to the land of exile. The last vision ( Jeremiah 6:1-8 ) represents four chariots going forth upon the earth; of these the one that goes to the north executes the wrath of Jehovah upon those who have oppressed His people. The visions opened with the horsemen that reported the earth as quiet; they close with the chariots that keep the world in subjection to Jehovah. There follows the symbolic act of crowning Joshua (more probably, in the original text, Zerubbabel). The visions centre in the hope of a glorious future for Jerusalem, with its Temple restored, its enemies stilled, its exiles returned, its sin forgiven, its wickedness removed, and with Jehovah’s spirit flowing in through priest and prince of Davidic line. The visions lead on to the symbolic crowning of the promised ruler.
In the third section (chs. 7, 8), Zechariah is led by a question concerning fasting to teach that the fasts which have been kept in the years of exile are to be changed into joyous feasts. Rather than fast they should observe the teachings of the earlier prophets concerning justice and mercy. With glorious promises for the peace and prosperity of Jerusalem, with the nations coming to seek Jehovah, the original Book of Zechariah closes.
3. Significance. The historical importance of Zechariah in connection with the re-building of the Temple has already been noted. In the transition from prophetical to apocalyptic literature, this book is an important link. Zechariah has a large measure of the spirit of the early ethical prophets. From the experiences of the past he can draw broad and deep moral lessons, with something of the freedom and consciousness of immediate Divine illumination that distinguished an Amos or an Isaiah. Yet, even in the passages where this is most observable, one feels a harking back that was not characteristic of the earlier prophecy less of vital touch with present conditions and with the God in whose name he speaks. The centring of hope in prince and priest, with the consciousness that the great era of prophecy is past, sharply distinguishes Zechariah from his pre-exilic predecessors. In the visions, the machinery of apocalypse, Introduced by Ezekiel, has been somewhat developed in its feature of angelic intermediaries. The characteristic apocalyptic spirit, however, with its revelling in the blood of enemies, is noticeably lacking. Zechariah loves, rather, to dwell upon peace and prosperity, upon sin removed, and the Divine spirit inflowing. His message is rich and full, for he has caught the ethical enthusiasm of the great eighth-century prophets, and has enriched it by the spiritual insight of Jeremiah and the glorious hopes of the exilic prophets. Zechariah not only strove to get the Temple built, but also urged upon the builders those moral and spiritual truths without which the Temple and its worship would be hollow mockery.
II. Chapters 9 14
1. Critical analysis . As early as 1653, it was maintained, in the interest of the accuracy of Matthew 27:9-10 , that chs. 9 11 were written by Jeremiah. This view was soon adopted by several writers, and chs. 12 14 were connected with 9 11 as the work of the earlier prophet. Near the close of the 18th century, chs. 9 11 and 12 14 were distinguished as separate prophecies, dated respectively, from internal evidence, in the time of Hosea, and shortly after the death of Josiah. At about the same time, the view that 9 14 were really later than Zechariah was advocated. During the 19th century, each of the three general conclusions (1) that the entire book is the work of Zechariah; (2) that 9 14 are pre-exilic; (3) that 9 14 are post-Zecharian found many advocates. In the third quarter of the century, however, the first view was largely abandoned, and, after the thoroughgoing discussion of Stade, in 1881 2, the third view became almost completely dominant. Growing knowledge of the general course of development of prophetic and apocalyptic literature makes this conclusion more and more inevitable. How many separate prophecies, by different hands, may be embodied in these six chapters is not determinable with equal clearness. On the whole, however, 9 11 (with Matthew 13:7-9 ) seem distinct from 12 14. Less conclusive are the data which indicate distinct sections as beginning at Matthew 11:4 and Matthew 14:1 . It is not possible to connect chs. 9 14 positively with any known events in the post-exilic history. In general, the historical situation seems to be that of the years after Alexander’s conquests and death, when the Egyptian and Syrian rulers struggled for the possession of Palestine. Possibly some of the material comes from the time just before or during the Maccabæan struggle.
2. Contents . In Matthew 9:1 to Matthew 11:2 the oracle is one of doom upon Israel’s neighbours, with promises of dominion and prosperity for Israel, restored to her land. The title ‘burden of the word of Jehovah’ is very unusual, occurring elsewhere only in Zechariah 12:1 and Malachi 1:1 . The opening message of doom upon Israel’s neighbours bears outward resemblance to Amos, but the ethical ground of Amos’s denunciation is noticeably lacking. If v. 7 is rightly interpreted as referring to food ritually unclean, the contrast with the early prophet is still more striking. V. 8, with its comforting promise, seems to reflect the devastation of the Temple, as in the past. This is followed by the prediction of the coming king of peace a beautiful lyric which breaks in sharply upon the context, and is followed by a prediction of successful resistance to the Greeks, and victory given through Jehovah. The shepherds of Judah, Jehovah’s flock, are condemned, and victory is promised to the flock. The house of Judah shall be strengthened, and the house of Joseph restored to its land. In 11:4 17, 13:7 9 the figure of the false shepherds, introduced in the preceding section, is worked out into an allegory of the false and true shepherd, in a way that enables the prophet to illustrate the frustration of God’s beneficeot purpose by the obstinacy of His people, as well as the evil character of their rulers. The three shepherds cut off in quick succession strongly suggest the conditions shortly before the Maccabæan uprising, but the highly symbolic and somewhat imitative character of the prophecy renders it precarious to seek any exact picture of immediate conditions; our ignorance, too, of large portions of the post-exilic age makes it impossible to say that some other time may not have furnished an equally appropriate occasion.
The second main division of chs. 9 14, beginning with ch. 12, leads us immediately into the familiar apocalyptic conception introduced by Zephaniah, and developed by Ezekiel and Joel. The nations are assembled against Jerusalem, there to be consumed through the power of Jehovah. Hope centres in the house of David, and yet this house, it would seem, is now reduced to the position of merely one of the important families of the people. The closing verses of the first section in this division (13:1 6) indicate a time when prophecy is utterly degraded idols, prophets, unclean spirit are evils to be removed. Ch. 14 gives another apocalyptic vision of the siege of Jerusalem. The onslaught is terrible, and the discomfiture of her enemies is wrought only after great affliction. In this little apocalypse the vengeful, proud hopes with which the wretched, persecuted Jews consuled themselves throughout the later pre-Christian centuries, and on into Christian times, find vivid expression. With these hopes there is clearly present that late, narrow, legalistic spirit which finds its climax of religious outlook in a wide recognition of the feasts, and in ceremonially clean boiling-pots for the sacrifices. It is evident that the closing oracle of this collection appended to Zechariah carries us far into ‘the night of legalism.’
Henry T. Fowler.
The Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary - Zechariah
We meet with many of this name in Scripture, and it is not to be wondered at, when we consider the sense of it, and the general desire which the Hebrews all had, to carry somewhat in name, which referred to the Lord. Zachar means memory, and Jah the Lord. Zechariah therefore, seemed to intimate the hope, that the person so called should be remembered of the Lord.
Easton's Bible Dictionary - Zechariah
Jehovah is renowned or remembered.
A prophet of Judah, the eleventh of the twelve minor prophets. Like Ezekiel, he was of priestly extraction. He describes himself (1:1) as "the son of Berechiah." In Ezra 5:1,6:14 he is called "the son of Iddo," who was properly his grandfather. His prophetical career began in the second year of Darius (B.C. 520), about sixteen years after the return of the first company from exile. He was contemporary with Haggai ( Ezra 5:1 ). His book consists of two distinct parts, (1) chapters 1 to 8, inclusive, and (2) 9 to the end. It begins with a preface (1:1-6), which recalls the nation's past history, for the purpose of presenting a solemn warning to the present generation. Then follows a series of eight visions ((1:7-6:8),), succeeding one another in one night, which may be regarded as a symbolical history of Israel, intended to furnish consolation to the returned exiles and stir up hope in their minds. The symbolical action, the crowning of (Joshua 6:9-15 ), describes how the kingdoms of the world become the kingdom of God's Christ.
Chapters 7,8, delivered two years later, are an answer to the question whether the days of mourning for the destruction of the city should be any longer kept, and an encouraging address to the people, assuring them of God's presence and blessing.
The second part of the book (ch. 9-14) bears no date. It is probable that a considerable interval separates it from the first part. It consists of two burdens.
The first burden (ch. 9-11) gives an outline of the course of God's providential dealings with his people down to the time of the Advent.
The second burden (ch. 12-14) points out the glories that await Israel in "the latter day", the final conflict and triumph of God's kingdom.
The son or grandson of Jehoiada, the high priest in the times of Ahaziah and Joash. After the death of Jehoiada he boldly condemned both the king and the people for their rebellion against God (2 Chronicles 24:20 ), which so stirred up their resentment against him that at the king's commandment they stoned him with stones, and he died "in the court of the house of the Lord" (24:21). Christ alludes to this deed of murder in Matthew 23:35 , Luke 11:51 . (See ZACHARIAS [1].)
A prophet, who had "understanding in the seeing of God," in the time of Uzziah, who was much indebted to him for his wise counsel (2 Chronicles 26:5 ). Besides these, there is a large number of persons mentioned in Scripture bearing this name of whom nothing is known.
One of the chiefs of the tribe of Reuben (1 Chronicles 5:7 ).
One of the porters of the tabernacle (1 Chronicles 9:21 ).
1 Chronicles 9:37 .
A Levite who assisted at the bringing up of the ark from the house of Obededom (1 Chronicles 15:20-24 ).
A Kohathite Levite (1 Chronicles 24:25 ).
A Merarite Levite (1 Chronicles 27:21 ).
The father of Iddo (1 Chronicles 27:21 ).
One who assisted in teaching the law to the people in the time of Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 17:7 ).
A Levite of the sons of Asaph (2 Chronicles 20:14 ).
One of Jehoshaphat's sons (2 Chronicles 21:2 ).
The father of Abijah, who was the mother of Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 29:1 ).
One of the sons of Asaph (2 Chronicles 29:13 ).
One of the "rulers of the house of God" (2 Chronicles 35:8 ).
A chief of the people in the time of Ezra, who consulted him about the return from captivity (Ezra 8:16 ); probably the same as mentioned in Nehemiah 8:4 ,
Nehemiah 11:12 .
Nehemiah 12:16 .
Nehemiah 12:35,41 .
Isaiah 8:2 .
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary - Zechariah, Book of
After the decree of Cyrus in 539 BC that released the Jews from captivity, a number returned to their homeland. They settled in Jerusalem under the leadership of the governor Zerubbabel and the high priest Joshua, and set about rebuilding the city and the temple (Ezra 1:1-4; Ezra 2:1-2). Soon they had set up the altar and laid the foundation of the temple, but when local people began persecuting them, they became discouraged and stopped work (Ezra 4:1-5; Ezra 4:24). For sixteen years no work was done on the temple. Then, in 520 BC, God raised up two prophets, Haggai and Zechariah, to stir up the people to get to work again and finish the temple (Ezra 5:1-2; Haggai 1:1; Zechariah 1:1).
Characteristics of the book
The prophets’ preaching for the first six months was largely concerned with encouraging the people through the early difficulties. Haggai began the preaching with two stirring messages (Haggai 1; Haggai 2:1-9), after which Zechariah delivered his first message (Zechariah 1:1-6). Haggai followed this with two more messages (Haggai 2:10-23), after which Zechariah delivered his second message (Zechariah 1:7-21; Zechariah 2; Zechariah 3; Zechariah 4; Zechariah 5; Zechariah 6). Zechariah’s next recorded message was preached when the construction had reached the half-way point (Zechariah 7; Zechariah 8). The temple was finished in 516 BC, after four and a half years work (Ezra 6:14-15).
Haggai and Zechariah were both concerned with rousing the people from their spiritual laziness and getting them to work on the temple, but the preaching of Zechariah went further. Through him God was preparing his people for the task for which he had chosen them, namely, the coming of the Messiah, the establishment of his kingdom and the salvation of people worldwide. Zechariah was therefore concerned to bring about a lasting spiritual change in the lives of the people.
The latter half of Zechariah’s book, which consists of two messages delivered probably late in his life, shows that the task the people faced was not an easy one. There would be bitter conflicts with the forces of evil, but in the end God’s kingdom would triumph.
In contrast to the straightforward preaching of Haggai, Zechariah’s preaching was often mysterious and colourful. His book shows characteristics of the apocalyptic literature that developed in Israel over the next few centuries. Apocalyptic writers presented their messages in the form of visions in which symbolic figures and numbers usually featured (see APOCALYPTIC LITERATURE).
Contents of the book
After an initial call to repentance (1:1-6), Zechariah recounts eight visions, all of which concern the rebuilding of the temple and God’s purposes for his people. The first three visions give encouragement to the workmen (1:7-2:13), the central pair give encouragement to the leaders, Joshua and Zerubbabel (3:1-4:14), and the last three give assurance of final victory (5:1-6:8). A short narrative recounts the crowning of the high priest (6:9-15).
At the half-way point in the building program, some representatives of the people asked Zechariah if they should still keep certain fasts to mourn the destruction of the former temple. In response Zechariah warns not to mourn over the past, but to have confidence for the future (7:1-8:23).
In the first of the two longer messages given later in life, Zechariah speaks of the punishment of enemies and the restoration of freedom. He draws a striking contrast between the worthless leadership of unspiritual people and the kind of leadership God wants (9:1-11:17). In the second message he warns that the victory Israel looked for will be achieved only at great cost and with much sorrow. He again notes the difference between the false shepherds and the true shepherd, and looks forward to the final triumph of the Messiah’s kingdom (12:1-14:21).
Bridgeway Bible Dictionary - Zechariah
The Bible mentions about thirty people who had the name Zechariah. Many of these were priests, prophets or rulers.
Of the rulers named Zechariah, one was a king of Israel. He was the fifth king of the dynasty of Jehu, and with his murder in 752 BC, Jehu’s dynasty ended as bloodily as it had begun (2 Kings 15:8-12).
The most important of the prophets named Zechariah was the man whose book is part of the Old Testament. He lived in Jerusalem during the period after the Jews’ return from captivity and, with Haggai, he roused the people to get on with the job of rebuilding the temple (Ezra 5:1-2; Ezra 6:14-15; Zechariah 1:1; see ZECHARIAH, BOOK OF).
Of the priests named Zechariah, the best known in Old Testament times was the man who rebuked King Joash and the people of Jerusalem for their idolatry. By command of the king, the leaders of Jerusalem murdered him. In a divine judgment on the murderers, the leaders of Jerusalem were killed in an enemy invasion and the king was assassinated by two of his palace officials (in 796 BC; 2 Chronicles 24:17-26; Luke 11:49-51).
Another priest named Zechariah lived in New Testament times. This man was the father of John the Baptist. For many years he and his wife had not been able to have children, even though they had prayed earnestly and lived righteously before God. One day, while Zechariah was on duty in the temple, an angel from God told him that in answer to their prayers, God was about to give them a son. This son, whom they were to name John, was to be the forerunner of the Messiah (Luke 1:5-17).
Zechariah could hardly believe the good news and wanted a sign to confirm it. The sign he received was also a penalty for his unbelief: he was made dumb till the baby was born (Luke 1:18-23; Luke 1:57-66). Upon regaining his speech, Zechariah immediately began to praise God. His first words of praise were for the promised Messiah (Luke 1:67-75). He then offered praise for his son John, who would prepare the people for the Messiah’s arrival by calling them to repentance (Luke 1:76-79).
Chabad Knowledge Base - Zechariah ben iddo
(4th century BCE) A contemporary of Haggai and Malachi, the last prophets, prophesied during the construction of the Second Temple.
Chabad Knowledge Base - Zechariah, king of israel
(d. 607 BCE) Ascended to the throne after the death of his father, King Jeroboam II. Killed a mere six months later, and succeeded by his assassin, King Shallum ben Jabesh.
Chabad Knowledge Base - Zechariah ben jehoiada
(d. 661 BCE) Mentioned in 2 Chronicles 24, was killed in the Holy Temple courtyard while trying to prevent the erection of an idol in the Holy Temple.
Chabad Knowledge Base - Zechariah
Zechariah, the Book of: The book of Tanach containing Zechariah's prophecies, exhorting the Jews to serve G-d and foretelling the future redemption.
Hitchcock's Bible Names - Zechariah
Same as Zachariah
Fausset's Bible Dictionary - Zechariah
1. Eleventh of the 12 minor prophets. Son of Berechiah, grandson of Iddo; Ezra (Ezra 5:1; ) says son of Iddo, omitting Berechiah the intermediate link, as less known, and perhaps having died early. Zechariah was probably, like Ezekiel, priest as well as prophet, Iddo being the priest who returned with Zerubbabel and Joshua from Babylon (Nehemiah 12:4; Nehemiah 12:16). His priestly birth suits the sacerdotal character of his prophecies (Zechariah 6:13).
He left Babylon, where he was born, very young. Zechariah began prophesying in youth (Zechariah 2:4), "this young man. In the eighth month, in Darius' second year (520 B.C.), Zechariah first prophesied with Haggai (who began two months earlier) in support of Zerubbabel and Shealtiel in the building of the temple, which had been suspended under Pseudo-Smerdis Artaxerxes (Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:1-2; Ezra 6:14). The two, "Haggai the prophet and Zechariah the son of Iddo" the priest prophet, according to a probable tradition composed psalms for the liturgy of the temple: Psalms 137; 146 to 148, according to Septuagint; Psalm 125, 126 (See NEHEMIAH) according to the Peshito; Psalm 111 according to Vulgate.
The Hallelujah characterizes the post exile psalms, it occurs at both beginning and end of Psalms 146 to 150; these are all joyous thanksgivings, free from the lamentations which appear in the other post exile psalms. Probably sung at the consecration of the walls under Nehemiah; but Hengstenberg thinks at the consecration of the second temple. Jewish tradition makes Zecharia a member of the great synagogue. (See ZECHARIAH, BOOK OF.)
2. Firstborn son of Meshelemiah, a Korhite, keeper of the N. gate of the tabernacle under David (1 Chronicles 9:21; 1 Chronicles 26:2; 1 Chronicles 26:14, "a wise counsellor".)
3. One of the sons of Jehiel (1 Chronicles 9:37); in 1 Chronicles 8:31 Zacher.
4. A Levite in the tabernacle choir under David, "with psalteries on Alamoth" (1 Chronicles 15:20); of the second order of Levites (verse 18), a porter or gatekeeper.
5. One of Judah's princes under Jehoshaphat, sent to teach the law of Jehovah in Judah's cities (2 Chronicles 17:7).
6. Son of Jehoiada, and so cousin of king Joash whom Jehoiada saved from Athaliah (2 Chronicles 24:20). (See ZACHARIAS.)
7. A Kohathite Levite under Josiah, an overseer of the temple repairs (2 Chronicles 34:12).
8. Leader of the sons of Pharosh, returned from Babylon with Ezra (Ezra 8:3).
9. Son of Bebai; also returned, leading 28 males, with Ezra (Ezra 8:11).
10. A chief, summoned by Ezra to the consultation at the river Ahava, before the second caravan returned (Ezra 8:16); at Ezra's left, in expounding the law (Nehemiah 8:4).
11. Of Elam's family; married a foreign wife (Nehemiah 10:26).
12. Ancestor of Uthai or Athaiah (Nehemiah 11:4).
13. A Shilonite, ancestor of Maaseiah (Nehemiah 11:5).
14. A priest, son of Pashur, ancestor of Adaiah (Nehemiah 11:12).
15. Representing Iddo the priest's family, in the time of Joiakim, son of Jeshua (Nehemiah 12:16); probably the same as Zechariah the prophet, son (descendant) of Iddo.
16. A priest, son of Jonathan, blew the trumpet at the dedication of the city wall (Nehemiah 12:35; Nehemiah 12:41).
17. A Reubenite chief in Tiglath Pileser's time, at Israel's captivity (1 Chronicles 5:7).
18. A priest who blew the trumpet in the procession of the ark (1 Chronicles 15:24).
19. Son of Isshiah or Jesiah (1 Chronicles 24:25).
20. Hosah's fourth son (1 Chronicles 26:11).
21. A Manassite, father of Iddo, chief in Gilead under David (1 Chronicles 27:21).
22. Father of Jahaziel (2 Chronicles 20:14).
23. Son of Jehoshaphat (2 Chronicles 21:2), slain by Jehoram.
24. Uzziah's prophetical counselor (2 Chronicles 26:5), "who had understanding in the visions of God" ("who had insight into seeing of God"); compare Daniel 1:17; as this phrase is not equivalent to "who had prophetic visions from God," but to such "seeing of God" as was granted to the elders of Israel in Exodus 24:10, it is better to read beyireath for bireoth ; so Septuagint, Syriac, Targum Arabic, Raschi, Kimchi, etc., "who was (his) instructer in the fear of God."
25. Father of Abijah or Abi, Hezekiah's mother (2 Chronicles 29:1).
26. One of Asaph's family who joined in purifying the temple under Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 29:13).
27..A ruler of the temple under Josiah (2 Chronicles 35:8), "the second priest" next to Hilkiah the high priest (2 Chronicles 34:9; 2 Kings 25:18).
28. Son of Jeberechiah, taken by Isaiah as one of the "faithful witnesses to record" when he wrote concerning Maher-shalal-hash-baz ("hasting to the spoil he hasteth to the prey".) The other witness was Uriah, or Urijah, a priest, whom Urijah used as his tool in copying the Damascus altar. (See URIJAH.) As Isaiah, in order to enforce upon Ahaz' attention the truth symbolized, namely, that Assyria whom Ahaz trusted would soon prey upon Judah, chose one witness from the king's bosom friends, so it is likely Zechariah the other witness was also a bosom friend of Ahaz.
Now 2 Kings 18 informs us that the mother of Hezekiah, son of Ahaz, was Abi daughter of Zechariah; hence it appears Ahaz was Zechariah's son in law; Isaiah naturally chose him as the other of the two witnesses. The undesigned coincidence between the prophet Isaiah (Isaiah 8:2) and the independent historian (2 Kings 16:10; 2 Kings 18:2) confirms the genuineness of both. (See Blunt's Undesigned Coincidences, 2:2.) Thus No. 27 will be the same person as No. 25; else he may have been the same as No. 26.
Fausset's Bible Dictionary - Zechariah, the Book of
The Jewish saying was, "the spirit of Jeremiah dwelt in Zechariah." Like Ezekiel and Daniel, Zechariah delights in symbols, allegories, and visions of angels ministering before Jehovah and executing His commands on earth. Zechariah, like Genesis, Job, and Chronicles, brings Satan personally into view. The mention of myrtles (representing the then depressed Jewish church, Zechariah 9:1-8) accords with the fact of their non mention before the Babylonian exile (Nehemiah 8:15); contrast the original command as to the trees at the feast of tabernacles, "palms, and willows of the brook" Esther's name Hadassah means "myrtle". (See MYRTLE.) Joshua's filthy garments (Zechariah 3) were those assumed by the accused in Persian courts; the white robe substituted was the caftan, to this day put upon a state minister in the East when acquitted. Some forms and phrases indicate a late age (as 'achath used as the indefinite article).
Zechariah encouraged the Jews in rebuilding the temple by unfolding the glorious future in contrast with the present depression of the theocracy. Matthew (Matthew 27:9) quotes Zechariah 11:12 as Jeremiah's words. Doubtless because Zechariah had before his mind Jeremiah 18:1-2; Jeremiah 32:6-12; Zechariah's prophecy is but a reiteration of the fearful oracle of Jeremiah 18-19, about to be fulfilled in the destruction of the Jewish nation. Jeremiah, by the image of a potter's vessel (the symbol of God's absolute power over His creatures: Romans 9:21; Isaiah 45:9; Zechariah 5:1-114), portrayed their ruin in Nebuchadnezzar's invasion.
Zechariah repeats this threat as about to be fulfilled again by Rome for their rejection of Messiah Matthew, by mentioning Jeremiah, implies that the field of blood now bought by "the reward of iniquity" in the valley of Hinnom was long ago a scene of doom symbolically predicted, that the purchase of it with the traitor's price renewed the prophecy and revived the curse. The mention of Ephraim and Israel as distinct from Judah, in chapters 10 to 14, points to the ultimate restoration, not only of the Jews but of the northern Israelite ten tribes, who never returned as a body from their Assyrian captivity, the earnest of which was given in the numbers out of the ten tribes who returned with their brethren of Judah from the Babylonian captivity under Cyrus. There are four parts:
(I.) Introduction (Zechariah 1:1-6), a warning resting on the previous warnings of Haggai (Haggai 1:4-8).
(II.) Symbolical (Zechariah 1:7 to chapter 6), nine visions in one night.
(III.) Didactic (Zechariah 7; 8), answer to a query of Bethelites concerning a, certain fast.
(IV.) Prophetical (Zechariah 9 to 14).
In the second part, the interpretation of the visions is given by the angel who knows Jehovah's will, intercedes with Jehovah for Israel, and by whom Jehovah speaks (Zechariah 1:9), "the angel that talked with me," or "in me"; compare 1 Peter 1:11, "the Spirit of Christ which was in the prophets." The Angel of Jehovah the Man upon the red horse among the myrtle trees, is apparently identical with the interpreting angel through whom Jehovah communicates with His servants (Zechariah 1:8; Zechariah 1:10-11; Zechariah 1:12). The Angel of Jehovah is the Second Person in the Godhead.
The first vision represents Jehovah' s messengers announcing that after walking to and fro through the earth they found it at rest (in contrast to and counterworking Satan who "walks to and fro upon the earth" to hurt the saints, Job 1:7); this secure rest of the pagan earth is the interceding Angel's plea for the desolate temple and Judah, and elicits Jehovah's great jealousy for Zion, so that He returns to her with mercies and with judgments on the pagan oppressor (Haggai 2:20-23).
The second vision states how Jehovah will repair Jerusalem's breaches namely, as the four (the four cardinal points of the horizon marking worldwide extension) great world powers, Babylon, Medo-Persia, Greece, Rome, scattered Judah and Israel, so four "destroying artificers" shall fray (strike terror into) and cast out the horns of the Gentiles which lifted up their horn over Judah (Psalms 75:4-5; Ezekiel 34:21; Luke 21:24). The third vision is the man with line measuring Jerusalem; Messiah, its coming Restorer (Ezekiel 40:3; Ezekiel 41:42). Instead of Jerusalem's past limiting wall, her population shall spread out beyond into the open country and need no wall, Jehovah Himself being "a wall of fire round about, and the glory in the midst of her" (Zechariah 2:1-5; Ezekiel 38:11).
The next two (fourth and fifth) visions (Zechariah 3-4) show Joshua the high priest's (representing Jerusalem) trial and vindication against Satan, being justified by Jehovah through Messiah the Righteous Branch, though unclean in himself (compare Psalms 109:6; Psalms 109:31; Luke 1:11; Judges 1:9; Judges 1:23; Romans 8:33-34; Isaiah 64:6; Isaiah 61:10; Isaiah 66:21; Revelation 19:8; Luke 15:22).
Jehovah saith "I have laid the (foundation) stone (as the chief architect) before (in the presence of) Joshua," by the hand of Zerubbabel, so that your labour in building the temple shall not be in vain. Antitypically, Christ is the stone (Psalms 118:22; Isaiah 28:16; Zechariah 8:20-236; 1 Corinthians 3:11; 1 Peter 2:6-7).
The "seven eyes upon the one stone" are carved on it; not so much the eyes of the Father (the eye symbolizing providence, seven perfection) and of angels and saints ever fixed on Him (Zechariah 4:10; 1 Timothy 3:16; John 3:14-15; John 12:32; John 8:66), as His own sevenfold fullness of grace, and of the Spirit's gifts put "UPON Him" by God, so that "He shall not judge after the sight of His eyes" (Isaiah 11:2-3; Isaiah 42:1; John 1:16; John 3:34; Colossians 1:19; Colossians 2:9); He is the living stone who not only attracts the eyes of His people, but emits from Himself all illumination. Contrast the "little horn" with the "eyes of a man" (Daniel 7:8).
The fifth vision (Zechariah 4:1-9), the candlestick or chandelier with seven lights, fed by seven tubes apiece, borrowed from the tabernacle (Exodus 25:31, etc.), implies that the real motive power in the work of God (as Zerubbabel's building of the temple)is God's Spirit. The seven times seven imply the manifold modes by which the Spirit imparts grace to the church in her manifold work of enlightening the world.
The "two olive trees" supplying oil to the "bowl" answer to the Holy Spirit supplying with infinite fullness Jesus the fount (bowl) at the head of the church, for the twofold function of bringing the grace of atonement as our Priest, and of sanctification and glorification as our King, Every mountain in Zerubbabel's way must yield; so, antitypically, the "destroying mountain" antichrist (Jeremiah 51:25; Daniel 2:34; Daniel 2:45; Matthew 21:44; Isaiah 40:4; Isaiah 49:11) must give place to the "stone cut out of the mountain without hands"; and the top stone shall crown the completed church "with shoutings, Grace, grace unto it."
The sixth vision (Zechariah 9:82) is the curse upon a flying roll, recorded against sin, over Judaea primarily and ultimately the whole earth; it shall extirpate the fraudulent and perjurers; compare in Zechariah's time Nehemiah 13:10; Malachi 3:5; Malachi 3:8.
Seventh vision. The woman in the ephah symbolizes wickedness and idolatry removed for ever from the Holy Land to Babylon (from whence Israel is redeemed), there to mingle with kindred elements. The ephah, their instrument of fraud, shall be the instrument of their punishment; idolatry and sin shall cease from Israel (Isaiah 2:18; Isaiah 4:4).
Eighth vision. Four chariots, symbolizing the fourfold dispensations of Providence as regards the contact of the four great world powers with Judaea, come out from between the two mountains Zion and Moriah (the seat of the temple, representing the theocracy) where the Lord is (Zechariah 2:10), and from whence He sends His ministers of judgments on the pagan; the red horses in one represent carnage; the black, sorrow and famine (Revelation 6:5-6); the white, joy and victory; the grisled or piebald, a mixed dispensation, partly prosperity, partly adversity; all alike working together for good to Israel.
The red go northward to bathe in blood, Babylon; the white go north after the red, to conquer Medo-Persia; the grisled go south to deal with Graeco-Macedonian Egypt; the bay or rather fleet "walk to and fro through the earth" to counterwork "Satan's going to and fro in the earth" in connection with Rome, the last of the four world powers (Job 1:7; 2 Thessalonians 2:8-9; 1 Timothy 4:1).
Ninth vision. The double crowning of Joshua symbolizes the union of the priesthood and kingship in Messiah (Zechariah 6:13; Psalms 110:1-2; Psalms 110:4; Hebrews 5:10; Hebrews 6:20; Hebrews 7:1-21). The crowns were made of silver and gold, presented for the temple by Heldah, Tobijah, and Jedaiah, coming from Babylon, and should be deposited in the temple' as a memorial of the donors until Messiah appear; and as typifying Israel's return from afar to the King of the Jews at Jerusalem (Isaiah 60:9), and secondarily the conversion of the Gentiles from "far off" (Zechariah 6; Zechariah 2:11; Zechariah 8:22-23; Isaiah 60:10; Isaiah 57:19).
The didactic part (Zechariah 7-8) lays down that God loves obedience rather than fasting; the fate of Israel's fathers, but still more God's present promise of coming blessedness to Jerusalem, should stimulate the Jews to obedience, even as adversity attended them while neglecting in build the temple.
Prophetical (Zechariah 9-14). Alexander's conquests in Syria and Philistia (Zechariah 1:11). God's people safe because her King cometh lowly, yet showing Himself a Saviour and about to create universal peace (Zechariah 9:9-10). The Maccabean deliverance a type hereof (Zechariah 9:11-17). The Jewish exiles in affliction in Egypt, Greece, etc., under Alexander's successors, especially Antiochus Epiphanes who profaned the temple, slew thousands, and enslaved more, should be delivered under the Maccabees by looking to the Lord. Antitypically so shall Israel be delivered from her last oppressor, antichrist, by looking to Messiah.
Zechariah 10 urges prayer, and promises in answer to it rulers coming out of themselves (the Maccabees, Judah's governors and deliverers from Antiochus, typifying Messiah), conquest of enemies, restoration of both Israel and Judah in their own land in lasting peace. Zechariah 11 foretells the destruction of the second temple and Jewish polity for the rejection of Messiah (Zechariah 11:4; Zechariah 11:7, the "flock" doomed to slaughter by Rome, whom Messiah "fed," but they rejected Him "the Bread of life".) The Roman buyers (qonehen , KJV "possessors"), did "not hold themselves guilty," as they were but the instruments of God's righteous vengeance (Jeremiah 50:7).
Judah's "own shepherds" (Zechariah 11:3; Zechariah 11:5; and Zechariah 11:8) by selfish rapacity sold their country to Rome (John 11:48; John 11:50). The climax was the sale of Messiah through Judas to Rome for 30 pieces of silver (Zechariah 11:13). The breaking of the two staves Beauty (Israel's peculiar excellence above other nations: Deuteronomy 4:7; Daniel 8:9; Daniel 11:16; Psalms 147:19-20; and the temple beauty of holiness, Psalms 29:2) and Bands (the brotherhood between Judah and Israel: Nehemiah 10:29) answers to the destruction of the temple, which constituted the chief visible beauty and He of brotherhood uniting the nation. Not even Titus could save the temple from the fury of his soldiery, Julian was unable to rebuild it. The three shepherds (Zechariah 11:8) cut off in one month answer to the three last princes of the Asmonaean line, Hyrcanus, Alexander, and Antigonus (the last conquered by Rome and Herod, and slain by the executioner, 34 B.C.), whose violent death in a brief space transferred Judaea from native princes to the foreigner.
Henceforth, God's covenant was not "with all the people "but only with the elect (Zechariah 11:10-11). When Messiah demanded His" price" for pastoral care of Israel during the whole theocracy, and especially in the three and a half years of His ministry in person, they gave only 30 shekels, the price of a gored bond servant (Zechariah 11:12-13; Exodus 21:32). The despicable sum was cast to the temple potter, plying his trade in the polluted valley of Hinnom (2 Kings 23:10) because it furnished clay, the scene of Jeremiah's (2 Kings 18-19; Matthew 27:9) symbolical prophecy as to the same period. The breaking of the bands between Israel and Judah, and between the members of Judah itself, illustrated in the fratricidal factions in Jerusalem's last siege, will last until the reunion (Romans 11:15). Jehovah gave them up to a foolish (wicked) shepherd (Zechariah 11:15-17) since they would not have the good Shepherd; namely, Rome pagan and papal, and finally the blasphemous antichrist (John 5:43; Daniel 11:35-38; Daniel 12:1; Daniel 9:27; 2 Thessalonians 2:3-12; Revelation 13:5-6; Revelation 13:13-18).
But he shall perish, and Judah and Israel be saved. Zechariah 12 foretells that Jerusalem shall be the instrument of God's judgment on her foes, after that He pours on her the spirit of grace and supplication. Chap. 13 the cleansing of her sin and removal of her idolatry and the unclean spirit (Revelation 16:13; 1 John 4:6). At Zechariah 13:7 the prophecy of Messiah's betrayal (Zechariah 11:4; Zechariah 11:10; Zechariah 11:13-14) is resumed, "Awake O sword against My Shepherd and against the Man that is My Fellow (the mighty Man of My union, 'geber 'amithiy ,' one indissolubly joined by a common nature; contrast the Levitical law against injuring one's fellow. How extreme the need which required God not to spare His own Fellow: Romans 8:32), saith the Lord of hosts"; and the consequent punishment of the Jews.
Zechariah 9-14 foretells Jerusalem's last struggle with the hostile world powers. Messiah-Jehovah shall save her and destroy the foe of whom the remnant shall turn to Him reigning at Jerusalem. Such an interposition certainly did not take place at the last siege by Rome, though looked for by the zealots within Jerusalem; Zechariah 13:9 and Zechariah 14 must refer to the future. The reference to the glorious millennial feast of tabernacles to come is in undesigned coincidence with Zechariah's assisting Zerubbabel who kept the typical feast (Zechariah 14:16; Ezra 3:4; Ezra 5:1-2).
The difference in style between the earlier and the last chapters (Zechariah 9-14) is due to the difference of subject: the first eight being symbolical, occasionally oratorical and practical, the last six transporting the prophet into the glorious future; the style of the latter is naturally therefore more elevated. The notes of time in the former (Zechariah 1:1; Zechariah 1:7; Zechariah 7:1) and the references to the temple are accounted for through the prophet's busying himself here with his own time, but in the latter with the far off future.
The same phrases recur in both: as "passeth by and returneth" (meobeer 'umishab ) in Zechariah 7:14, also in Zechariah 9:8; "to remove" (hebir ), Zechariah 3:4, and Zechariah 13:2; "the eye of God," Zechariah 3:9; Zechariah 4:10; Zechariah 9:1; Zechariah 9:8; Israel's return from exile and ruling the foes, by the law of righteous retribution (Zechariah 2:10; Zechariah 9:12; also compare Zechariah 2:10 with Zechariah 9:9; Zechariah 14:4); Jehovah's coming to Zion and dwelling there.
Compare also similar phrases in Zechariah 2:9; Zechariah 2:11, and Zechariah 11:11; Zechariah 2:4 and Zechariah 14:10; 1619166092_62 and Zechariah 14:16. Chaldaisms occur: tsaabaa ; 1619166092_5; raamah ; Zechariah 14:10; bahal , millee qesheth (Zechariah 9:13) for darak qesheth . Zechariah, even in his later chapters, shows his familiarity with the prophets of the exile, Jeremiah and Ezekiel; Zechariah 9:2 alludes to Ezekiel 28:3; Zechariah 10:3 alludes to Ezekiel 34:17; Zechariah 11:4 alludes to Ezekiel 34:4; Zechariah 11:3 alludes to Jeremiah 12:5; Zechariah 13:8-9 alludes to Ezekiel 5:12; Zechariah 14:8 alludes to Ezekiel 47:1-12; Zechariah 14:10-11 alludes to Jeremiah 31:38-40; Zechariah 14:20-21 alludes to Ezekiel 43:12; Ezekiel 44:9.
It is not necessary for unity of authorship that the introductory formulas of the first eight chapters should occur in the last six. The non-reference in the last six chapters to the completion of the temple, and to the Jews' restoration after captivity, is just what we should expect if those chapters were written long after the completion of the temple, and restoration of the Jews' polity, under different circumstances from the former eight chapters.
The style is conversational or poetical, according to the theme. Explanations accompany the enigmatical symbols. The prose is diffuse and abounds in repetitions, the rhythm somewhat uneven, and the parallelism not always symmetrical. But Zechariah is often elevated, as the earlier prophets; and the style generally accords with the subject. His merit is graphic, vivid power; spiritual being's are often introduced. Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi are the three prophets of the restoration, best illustrated by comparison with Ezra and Nehemiah; Haggai and Zechariah are at the beginning of the period, Malachi at the close.
The altar was built by Sheshbazzar or Zerubbabel and Jeshua, 536 B.C. (Ezra 2:64). After 14 years of interruption under Smerdis the rebuilding of the temple was resumed, 70 years after the fall of Solomon's temple; Haggai and Zechariah encouraged Zerubbabel and Jeshua amidst apathy on the part of the younger generation who were accustomed to the absence of Mosaic ritual in Babylon, and who undervalued the humble beginnings of the restored temple, in contrast with the gorgeous pomp of the Babylonian temples. As the work of Haggai and Zechariah was that of restorers, so Malachi's was that of a reformer, cooperating with Ezra 458 B.C. (80 years almost after Zerubbabel's first expedition from Babylon to Jerusalem), and Nehemiah 445 B.C., who rebuilt the city wall and restored the civil and religious polity of the theocracy and corrected the various abuses in church and state.
Holman Bible Dictionary - Zechariah
(zehk uh ri' uh) Personal name meaning, “Yah (in long form Yahweh) remembered.” 1. Son of Jeroboam II, who reigned over Israel for six months in the year 746 B.C. until he was assassinated by Shallum (2 Kings 15:8-12 ). See Israel . 2. The prophet Zechariah, who flourished immediately after the Exile in 520-518 B.C. and urged the people of Judah to rebuild the Temple.
3. Grandfather of Hezekiah (2 Kings 18:2 ). 4 . Priest and prophet whom the people stoned and Joash, the king, killed (2 Chronicles 24:20-22 ). 5 . Postexilic gatekeeper of Temple (1 Chronicles 9:21 ). 6 . Member of family who lived in Gibeon (1 Chronicles 9:37 ). 7 . Temple musician (1 Chronicles 15:20 ). 8 . Community leader Jehoshaphat the king sent to teach in the cities of Judah (2 Chronicles 17:7 ). 9 . One of Josiah's overseers in repairing the Temple (2 Chronicles 34:12 ).
10.-11. Men who accompanied Ezra on return from Babylon (Ezra 8:3 ,Ezra 8:3,8:11 ). 12 . Man Ezra sent to get Levites to return from Babylon (Ezra 8:16 ). 13 . Israelite with foreign wife (Ezra 10:26 ). 14 . Man who helped Ezra as he taught the law (Nehemiah 8:4 ), perhaps identical with 12. or other one above. 15. Ancestor of postexilic resident of Jerusalem (Nehemiah 11:4 ). 16 . Ancestor of postexilic resident of Jerusalem (Nehemiah 11:5 ). 17 . Ancestor of priest in Nehemiah's day (Nehemiah 11:12 ). 18 . Leading priest in time of Joiakim's high priesthood, possibly the same as the prophet (Nehemiah 12:16 ). 19.-20 . Priestly musicians who helped Nehemiah celebrate (Nehemiah 12:35 ,Nehemiah 12:35,12:41 ).
21. High official Isaiah used as witness, perhaps the same as 3. above. 22. Son of Jehoshaphat the king whom his brother Jehoram killed upon becoming king (2 Chronicles 21:2-4 ). 23 . Godly advisor of King Uzziah (2 Chronicles 26:5 ). 24 . Descendant of tribe of Reuben (1 Chronicles 5:7 ). 25 . Father of leader of eastern half of tribe of Manasseh (1 Chronicles 27:21 ). 26.-34 . Levites (1Chronicles 15:18,1 Chronicles 15:24 ; 1 Chronicles 24:25 ; 1Chronicles 26:2,1 Chronicles 26:14 ; 1 Chronicles 26:11 ; 2 Chronicles 20:14 ; 2 Chronicles 29:13 ; 2 Chronicles 35:8 ).
Paul L. Redditt
Holman Bible Dictionary - Zechariah, Book of
The Book of Zechariah is the eleventh of the so-called Minor Prophets.
When the book was written In 538, Cyrus the Great, emperor of the Persian Empire, issued an edict (Ezra 1:2-4 ; Ezra 6:3-5 ) allowing the Jews in Exile in Babylon to return to Jerusalem. Over the next two decades, many Exiles took advantage of Persian leniency, returned home, and began to reestablish life in Jerusalem or Judah. Apparently, an effort was made to begin rebuilding the Temple under an official named Sheshbazzar (Ezra 5:14-16 ) and perhaps Zerubabel (Ezra 3:1-13 ; Zechariah 4:9 ), but the work stopped due to opposition from persons who had not been in Exile and local officials. Cyrus was succeeded by his son Cambysees, who died in 521 B.C. with no heir. The empire was thrown into disarray as two men, Darius I and Gautama, fought for the crown. In the midst of that turmoil, God raised two prophets, Haggai and Zechariah, to urge finishing the Temple.
What Zechariah preached The message of Zechariah may be summarized under two headings: prosperity and purification. Simply put, God promised the people of Judah and Jerusalem prosperity if they purified themselves from sin. This message is found in the first six chapters of the Book of Zechariah. Those chapters are written in the form of eight visions, with two messages of exhortation. The structure of the book anticipates the structure of later books called apocalypses, books like Daniel and Revelation; the Book of Zechariah itself is not, however, an apocalypse.
The opening message (Zechariah 1:1-6 ) reminds the audience that God had warned their forefathers not to sin, but they had not listened or repented. They had brought the Exile upon themselves. This message served to validate prophecy, after which Zechariah related his visions. The first three visions predict prosperity for Judah and Jerusalem. Four horsemen ride forth in Zechariah 1:7-17 to announce God's return to Zion, a new day when prosperity would come. In the second vision ( Zechariah 1:18-21 ), four smiths (agents of God's deliverance) overcome four horns (symbols of the nations that ruled over Jerusalem). This reversal of fortunes would bring about the coming prosperity. In the third vision a man measures Jerusalem, only to find that it is too small to accommodate all those God would return to live there in glory. The visions conclude with a call to Exiles to return home from Babylon.
The last five visions deal with purification. In vision four (Zechariah 3:1-10 ) the high priest Joshua is symbolically cleansed for his work. The fifth vision (Zechariah 4:1-14 ) pictures God as a lampstand with two olive trees standing beside Him: Joshua and Zerubbabel. Zerubbabel is named to finish building the Temple, worship and sacrifice at which would be the means of purification. Vision six (Zechariah 5:1-4 ) involves a scroll flying through the air. The scroll and a voice condemn stealing and lying to cover up one's theft. (Was theft an especially acute problem in the poor, reduced state of Judah after the Exile?) In the seventh vision (Zechariah 5:5-11 ), Zechariah saw an ephah, in this case a container with a heavy, lead cover. Usually an ephah would hold about two-thirds of a bushel of grain. This ephah instead held a woman, who symbolizes impurity. Two women with wings came to take the iniquity back to Babylon, from which it had come. In the last vision (Zechariah 6:1-8 ), four charioteers head out in all directions to patrol the earth (and presumably to punish evil). Zechariah 7:1 and Zechariah 8:1 contain additional messages from Zechariah, but add no new insights.
The last six chapters of the Book of Zechariah do not seem to have been composed at the same time as the first eight chapters. For one thing, they presuppose that the Temple exists and so at least must have been written after 515, when the Temple was finished. In addition, Zechariah 11:12-13 is quoted in Matthew 27:9-10 as a saying of Jeremiah. In some Old Testament manuscripts, then, the verses (and presumably their context) probably were attached to the Book of Jeremiah, while in the manuscripts preserved in our Hebrew Bibles they were attached to Zechariah. Since the chapters differ in style and contents from both Jeremiah and Zechariah, some scholars think they were prophecies from an unknown prophet either from the time of the Persian Empire (down to 332) or the Greek Empire. Others think they are the later work of Zechariah.
Whether written by Jeremiah, Zechariah, or an anonymous prophet, it is the contents of the chapters that are important. Matthew 9:1 through 11 depict God's deliverance of His people in terms of the victory of God and His Messiah over the neighboring peoples, including the Greeks ( Zechariah 9:1-10:7 ), the return of the Exiles (Zechariah 10:6-12 ), and the punishment of the wicked leaders of Judah (Zechariah 11:4-17 ). Zechariah 12-14 depict an end-time attack upon Jerusalem and the cities of Judah ( Zechariah 12:1-3 ; Zechariah 14:1-3 ), an attack in which many people would be killed as God purifies His people (Zechariah 13:7-9 ). God Himself would rescue His people (Zechariah 12:4-9 ; Zechariah 14:4-5 ,Zechariah 14:4-5,14:12-15 ), cleanse the people from idolatry, rid the land of prophecy (which had become synonymous with false prophecy, Zechariah 13:1-6 ), and turn Jerusalem into a paradise to which the nations of the world would come to worship. Zechariah 14:1 envisions the Mount of Olives splitting in two, with fresh water (representing the blessings of God) flowing east and west watering the world. Cold and nighttime, representing threats to God's control, would be eliminated as He came to reign over all the world from Jerusalem.
Outline
I. God Is Just (Zechariah 1:1-2:13 )
A. God's anger with His sinful people is justified (Zechariah 1:1-2 ).
B. God will return to His people if they return to Him (Zechariah 9:1-11 ).
C. History shows the justice of God and the sinfulness of His people (Zechariah 1:4-6 ).
II. God Promises Prosperity to His People (Zechariah 1:7-2:13 ).
A. Vision One: God's election mercy for His people replaces His anger (Zechariah 1:7-17 ).
B. Vision Two: God punishes those who oppress His people (Zechariah 1:18-21 ).
C. Vision Three: God's glorious presence will restore, protect, and expand His people (Zechariah 2:1-13 ).
III. God Calls His People to Purification (Zechariah 3:1-6:15 ).
A. Vision Four: God wants to forgive and purify His people and their leaders (Zechariah 3:1-10 ).
B. Vision Five: God exercise His sovereign rule through His Spirit and His messianic leaders (Zechariah 4:1-14 ).
C. Vision Six: God condemns stealing and lying (Zechariah 5:1-4 ).
D. Vision Seven: God removes the wickedness of His people (Zechariah 5:5-11 ).
E. Vision Eight: The universal God defeats the enemies of His people (Zechariah 6:1-8 ).
F. God commissions leaders for His obedient people (Zechariah 6:9-15 ).
IV. God Seeks Righteousness, Not Ritual. (Zechariah 7:1-14 ).
A. God has always rejected selfish, insincere worship rituals (Zechariah 7:1-7 ).
B. God seeks justice, mercy, and compassion (Zechariah 7:8-10 ).
C. God is angry when His people reject His inspired teaching (Zechariah 7:11-12 ).
D. God punishes His disobedient people (Zechariah 7:13-14 ).
V. God in His Jealousy Restores His Faithful Remnant (Zechariah 8:1-23 ).
A. God's jealousy leads to hope for His people (Zechariah 8:1-5 ).
B. The faithful God wants to renew His covenant with His people (Zechariah 8:6-8 ).
C. God is not bound by the past (Zechariah 8:9-13 ).
D. God has punished Judah and now will bless her (Zechariah 8:14-15 ).
E. God commands truthfulness, justice, and peace (Zechariah 8:16-19 ).
F. God seeks all people to worship Him (Zechariah 8:20-23 ).
VI. God Controls the Future of His People (Zechariah 1:3:17 ).
A. God promises restoration (Zechariah 9:1-17 ).
B. God punishes wicked leaders (Zechariah 10:1-11:3 ).
C. God is not bound by past covenants from punishing His foolish people and their wicked leaders (Zechariah 11:4-17 ).
VII. God Purges and Delivers His People (Zechariah 12:1-14-21 ).
A. The universal God exercises His control over all His world (Zechariah 12:1-13:6 ).
B. God will make a new covenant with the remnant of His people after striking His shepherd (Zechariah 13:7-9 ).
C. God will rule over the whole earth on the day of the Lord (Zechariah 14:1-21 ).
Paul L. Redditt
Baker's Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology - Zechariah, Theology of
Introduction. Authorship . The book of Zechariah falls naturally into two parts: chapters 1-8,9-14. In the first part we find dates locating the prophecies in the Persian era (late sixth century b.c.), references to Joshua the high priest and Zerubbabel the Davidic governor, encouragement to rebuild the temple, and a mixture of oracles and visions. However, in the second part dates are missing, the leaders are unnamed shepherds, and the rebuilding of the temple has no place. These differences plus distinct stylistic features have led most scholars to see more than one author of this important prophetic work. Zechariah wrote the first eight chapters, but perhaps chapters 9-14 stem from a later anonymous prophet. If so, it is important to emphasize that chapters 9-14 are still fully inspired, just as the anonymous New Testament book, Hebrews, is inspired. Many scholars also connect the second section of Zechariah with Malachi because Zechariah 9-11 , Zechariah 12-14 , and Malachi all begin with the word "oracle." Alternately, some scholars argue that chapters 9-14 were composed by Zechariah, but at a later time in his life.
Historical Background . In 587 b.c. Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, destroyed Jerusalem and its temple, exiling many of Judah's leaders to Babylon. After a time God raised up Cyrus, the Persian king, to defeat Babylon (539) and to release the Jews from captivity by issuing an edict in 538 allowing them to return to their land. Not only did he liberate them; he returned the temple vessels that Nebuchadnezzar had plundered and gave them permission to rebuild their temple with Persian funds (Ezra 6:3-5 ).
Rebuilding the Temple . When the Jews returned from Babylon, they followed the restoration program of the earlier prophets, Ezekiel and Jeremiah. The former predicted the rebuilding of the temple (Ezekiel 40-48 ). Both foresaw Judah being led by two rulers: a Zadokite priest (Jeremiah 33:18 ; Ezekiel 44 ) and a Davidic prince (Jeremiah 33:15-17 ; Ezekiel 34:23 ). Sheshbazzar led the first group of Jews home. Since he was a Davidic descendant (son of the last king of Judah, Jehoiachin) he was qualified to be the first governor. However, he only succeeded in laying the temple's foundation (Ezra 6:16 ). Zerubbabel, Sheshbazzar's nephew and Jehoiachin's grandson, became the second governor. He assumed leadership during a severe economic crisis. The Lord raised up the prophet Haggai to reveal the cause: neglecting to rebuild the temple (Haggai 1:1-11 ). At about the same time God inspired Zechariah to prophesy. Together Haggai and Zechariah joined in common cause to encourage Zerubbabel, the Davidic governor, and Joshua, the Zadokite high priest, to complete this important building project (Zechariah 4:9 ).
Theological Themes. Building for Christ . Christians emphasize the spiritual world and the second coming of Christ to such an extent that they neglect material needs. The Book of Zechariah shows the importance of this world. It affirms the necessity of human institutions, political structures, and mundane things such as buildings. In order for the Jews to reestablish themselves in the land, they had to rebuild the temple and restore the priesthood; they also had to set up a form of governance.
This provides an example for us today. Although "our citizenship is in heaven" (Philippians 3:20 ), we still are members of political communities on earth. While we cannot hope to bring the eschatological kingdom of God to earth by our efforts, we can be involved in society as influences for good. Our government is not a theocracy as was that of Zechariah, so we may not be able to fashion our secular and pluralistic governments completely according to Christianity. But we can attempt to make our societies more just.
We are also members of Christian societies: local churches, denominations, and parachurch organizations. We can encourage the building of houses of worship, hospitals, rescue missions, mental health centers, food distribution centers, and shelters for the homeless, the battered, and unwed mothers. In addition we should construct Christian schools, colleges, and theological seminaries for the purpose of training Christian leaders.
Worship . With its emphasis on the temple, the prophecy of Zechariah also speaks to us about the importance of worship. Following the reforms of Josiah (ca. 620 b.c.) the only acceptable place to offer animal sacrifice was Jerusalem. God was pleased when the faithful would entreat his favor there (Zechariah 8:20-22 ). The sacrifices made Jerusalem holy (14:20-21). People were expected to come to Zion for the pilgrim feasts if they wanted to receive heaven's blessings (14:16-17). Not only were there shouts of joy and songs of gladness in the temple (8:19) but there were times of holy silence in the awesome presence of God (2:13). This last part is directly applicable. It is good to worship God both with loud praises and with silent devotion.
Some scholars have discounted the religious value of this book because it is tied so closely to the Jerusalem cult. However, we must be careful not to read Christian biases into the Old Testament. Of course, Jesus spoke of a day when the devout would not need to go to Jerusalem for God would accept all who worshiped "in spirit and truth" (John 4:20-24 ). And we know that God's presence is not limited to human shrines (Acts 7:48 ; 17:24 ). Furthermore, we now that animal sacrifice is now unnecessary on account of our Lord's final sacrifice for sin (Hebrews 9-10 ). Nevertheless, through Moses God had given his people the forms of worship that eventually became established in Jerusalem; these were valid for their time.
Zechariah is still relevant for our time, though, because it highlights the necessity of obedience in worship. Although today we enjoy greater freedom in the ways we approach God than the Old Testament believers did, we still must be careful to worship as God ordains, not in ways entirely of our choosing. Under the Old Covenant, animal sacrifice was required. Under the New Covenant, we must come to God through the sacrifice of his Son. Also, instead of the blood of dead animals, God desires us to offer our bodies as "living sacrifices" (Romans 12:1 ) and to offer continually the "sacrifice of praise" (Hebrews 13:15 ). As with the tower of Babel (Genesis 11:1-9 ), humans are still trying unsuccessfully to reach God through edifices made of false religions or good works. These ways lead to confusion, for Jesus is the only way to the Father (John 14:6 ).
The Sovereignity of God . Christ is controlled by Israel's God, not by the pagan deities. One of the reasons for the punishment of exile was that the Jews had been participating in the Canaanite fertility cult. They erroneously thought that Baal rode upon the storm cloud bringing rain to the crops. However, it is the Lord who blesses the farmer with showers in response to prayer (Zechariah 10:1-2 ). He also controls history. God scattered his people among the nations; he will bring them back to their land again (10:9-10). Moreover, he will punish the nations who harmed his people (2:8-9; 10:11; 12:9).
Providence . The Persian authorities allowed the rebuilding of the temple but it was not until later, in the time of Nehemiah (445 b.c.), that permission to restore the city walls was granted. Because some of the local peoples opposed the Jews, the returnees were concerned about their security. But God dispelled their fears by promising to encircle Jerusalem with his protective fire and by assuring them of his presence in their midst (2:5). An additional sign of his providence was his commitment to end the economic depression. As a reward for their obedient response in rebuilding the temple, God would bless his people with prosperity (8:9-13).
Satan . In Zechariah 3 we catch a glimpse of a heavenly tribunal in which Joshua, the high priest, stands accused by a figure known as "The Satan" or "The Adversary." The term in Hebrew has the definite article so it should be translated as a title rather than by "Satan, " as if it were a proper name. As represented in Zechariah, he is not good, for he is rebuked (3:2). However, at this stage in progressive revelation, he was not understood to be thoroughly evil either, since he is presented as a member of the divine King's court. He is somewhat akin to a prosecuting attorney in modern, Western societies. Similarly, Revelation 12:10 calls him the "accuser of our brothers." God's revelation in the Old Testament is limited; having the benefit of the New Testament our picture of Satan as an entirely wicked spiritual foe, fallen from heaven, is more complete. Nevertheless, Zechariah agrees with the New Testament that we should not be afraid of the enemy of our souls. We must trust God for forgiveness as Joshua did; then we do not need to fear any accusations.
Sin, Sanctification, and Salvation . The book opens with a call to repentance, reminding the people of the sins of their ancestors. The former prophets had risen up to rebuke the previous generation but no repentance followed. Zechariah exhorts the Jews not to repeat the past. Instead God promises that if the people return to him, he will return to them (1:2-6; cf. 7:8-14). Specific sins of idolatry (13:2), pride (of Assyria, 10:11), and lack of compassion (7:9-11) are listed.
The outward evidence of the inward repentance was the willingness of the returnees to start building the temple again. God showed his favor by first removing the guilt of Joshua, the high priest (3:1-5) and then the guilt of the land (3:9). The prophet also sees iniquity and wickedness being transported from Judah to Babylon in the vision of the measuring basket (5:5-11). The second part of the book reveals that toward the end of history, God will open a fountain capable of cleansing from "sin and impurity" (13:1). In that day, the Lord will save his people by bringing them back to their land (8:7; 10:6-10) and by providing for them (9:16).
Ethics . Zechariah highlights the importance of acting justly toward others and treating them with kindness and mercy. We should especially be careful not to mistreat those weaker elements of society: widows, orphans, and resident foreigners (7:9-10). This teaching goes back to Moses (Exodus 22:22 ; 23:9 ), is central to the prophets (Isaiah 1:16-17 ; Jeremiah 7:5-7 ; Amos 5:15,24 ), and is confirmed in the New Testament (Acts 6:1-3 ; James 1:27 ).
There is also a warning not to mistreat God's chosen people, the Jews, for they are "the apple of his eye" (Zechariah 2:8 ). The Gentiles will be punished for any harm they inflict on them (2:9). Consequently, Christians must take a stand against anti-Semitism. Today, however, God's people is a more inclusive group comprised of Jews and Gentiles who have believed in Jesus (Romans 11:13-24 ). But God has not rejected the Jews (Romans 11:2 ) who will one day return to the Lord as a people (Romans 11:26 ).
Preparation for the Gospel . Zechariah anticipated the day when the door of salvation would be opened to non-Jews. He predicted that many nations would worship the Lord in Jerusalem. They will take hold of the robe of a Jew and say, "We have heard that God is with you" (8:20-23). Those nations refusing to participate in the festival of tabernacles will be punished (14:16-19). This inclusiveness theme is not unique to Zechariah. Isaiah and Micah also looked to a day when the nations would seek God in Zion (Isaiah 2:2-3 ; Micah 4:1-2 ). The Jews were to be a light to the nations (Isaiah 42:6 ; 49:6 ); they were to be God's witnesses (Isaiah 43:12 ). Foreign peoples, including some of their rulers, would come to the Jews bringing their wealth and acknowledging the God of Israel to be the only deity (Isaiah 45:14 ; 49:7,22-23 ).
Although Judaism has not been a missionary religion throughout most of its history, there were those Jews in the second temple period who endeavored to convert Gentiles to Judaism (Matthew 23:15 ). Those foreigners who responded partly fulfilled Zechariah's prophecy. It was also partly fulfilled in the many pagans who became "God-fearers." These did not fully convert but gave up their idols to worship the one, true God. They could enter the court of the Gentiles in the Jerusalem temple but were forbidden upon pain of death from going beyond the wall of partition between Jews and Gentiles. Christians see an even greater fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy in the finished work of Jesus. The separating wall has been destroyed by the death of Christ so that all may come to God through him, whether Jew or Gentile (Ephesians 2:13-16 ).
Pneumatology . Zechariah teaches us not to rely on our own strength, for God accomplishes his will through the Spirit (4:6). Furthermore, it teaches us to trust in God's Word, which is inspired by the Spirit (7:12).
Messianism . Zechariah contributes to the development of messianism in the Old Testament. Isaiah predicted that a branch would grow out of the stump of Jesse (David's father), who would rule in righteousness and bring about a return to paradise (11:1-9). Zechariah focused his attention on Zerubbabel, the Branch, or descendant of David, who would rebuild the temple (3:8; 4:9; 6:12-13). As mentioned above, the postexilic Jews were following the restoration plan of Ezekiel. He had described paradise-like conditions accompanying the rebuilding of the temple (47:1-12). Because of this and because of Haggai's words, that God was about to overturn the kingdoms of the world and appoint Zerubbabel his signet ring (2:20-23), many hoped that Zerubbabel was the messiah and would usher in the kingdom of God. However, in spite of the fact that crowns are mentioned, only Joshua the priest is crowned (Zechariah 6:11 ). There are hints of restoration of the monarchy—"royal honor" and "throne" (Zechariah 6:13 )but nothing comes to fruition. Haggai's prophecy was fulfilled because God did shake the nations by raising up the Persians to free his people. And Zerubbabel did serve as God's signet ring by carrying out divine plans in his capacity as governor of Judah. But he did not become king, and did not bring the kingdom of God to earth.
Zechariah's prophecy was fulfilled because Zerubbabel did complete the temple. The fact that Joshua is crowned but not Zerubbabel, with that one crown being kept in reserve in the temple (6:14), indicates that it was not God's time to introduce the messiah, the Davidic descendant who would reign forever in righteousness. Rather, God was planning to provide spiritual leadership and governance through the priestly line. This is exactly what happened following Zerubbabel when God sent Ezra the priest to the people in 458 b.c.
Eschatology . The second part of Zechariah announces the universal peaceable domain of a humble human king (9:9-10). Zerubbabel was a type of that one who was to come. Zechariah 14:1-9 also testifies that the Lord himself will come to earth to reign over all. Jesus, who is fully man and fully God, inaugurated God's kingdom in his first advent but his reign will not be completely realized until his second coming ( 1 Corinthians 15:24-28 ). In that day, Jesus will descend to the Mount of Olives (Zechariah 14:4 ; Acts 1:11 ) in the same way that he ascended, bringing his heavenly host with him (Zechariah 14:5 ; Matthew 25:31 ).
The two olive trees, or anointed ones, in the Book of Zechariah are clearly Joshua and Zerubbabel (4:3,11-14). However, John reuses this imagery to disclose the two endtime witnesses of the apocalypse (Revelation 11:1-13 ).
New Testament Usage . The New Testament quotes Zechariah seventy-one times. Thirty-one of these are in Revelation and twenty-seven in the Gospels. The second half of Zechariah is the source of the more familiar passages cited in the New Testament. For example, Jesus' triumphant entry into Jerusalem on a donkey shows that he is the king whom the prophet foretold (Zechariah 9:9-10 ; Matthew 21:4-5 ; John 12:14-15 ). For betraying the Lord, the chief priests paid Judas thirty pieces of silver (Matthew 26:31 ), which he subsequently cast into the temple (Matthew 27:3-5 ). Matthew interpreted this to be a fulfillment of the Old Testament (cf. Matthew 27:9 , which mentions Jeremiah but is a quote from Zechariah 11:12-13 ). Zechariah 13:7 says, "Strike the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered." This was fulfilled when the disciples abandoned Jesus during the trial and crucifixion ( Matthew 26:31,56 ). A double fulfillment is recorded for Zechariah 12:10 , which predicts mourning for a pierced one by those who pierced him: first, when Jesus' side was pierced on the cross (John 19:34-37 ), and second, when Jesus returns at the end of time (Revelation 1:7 ).
William B. Nelson, Jr.
See also Haggai, Theology of ; Israel ; Malachi, Theology of ; Prophet, Prophetess, Prophecy ; Vision(s)
Bibliography . E. Achtmeier, Nahum-Malachi ; J. G. Baldwin, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi ; R. J. Coggins, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi ; P. D. Hanson, The Dawn of Apocalyptic ; R. A. Mason, The Books of Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi ; C. L. Meyers and E. M. Meyers, Haggai, Zechariah 1-8; D. L. Petersen, Haggai and Zechariah 1-8; R. L. Smith, Micah-Malachi .
Morrish Bible Dictionary - Zechariah
1. A chief man among the Reubenites. 1 Chronicles 5:7 .
2. Son of Meshelemiah, a Korhite. 1 Chronicles 9:21 ; 1 Chronicles 26:2,14 .
3. Son of Jehiel, a Benjamite. 1 Chronicles 9:37 . Called ZACHERin 1 Chronicles 8:31 .
4. Levite engaged in the service of song. 1 Chronicles 15:18,20 ; 1 Chronicles 16:5 .
5. One of the priests in the time of David. 1 Chronicles 15:24 .
6. Son of Isshiah, a Levite. 1 Chronicles 24:25 .
7. Son of Hosah, a Merarite. 1 Chronicles 26:11 .
8. Father of Iddo of the tribe of Manasseh. 1 Chronicles 27:21 .
9. One of the princes of Judah whom Jehoshaphat sent with priests and Levites to teach the people. 2 Chronicles 17:7 .
10. Levite, father of Jehaziel. 2 Chronicles 20:14 .
11. Son of Jehoshaphat king of Judah. 2 Chronicles 21:2 .
12. Son of Jehoiada the priest: he rebuked the people for their idolatry, and by commandment of the king he was stoned by the people in the court of the temple. 2 Chronicles 24:20 . He is probably the ZACHARIASspoken of in Matthew 23:35 .
13. One who 'had understanding in the visions of God.' 2 Chronicles 26:5 .
14. Father of Abijah, wife of Ahaz king of Judah. 2 Chronicles 29:1 . Called ZACHARIAH in 2 Kings 18:2 .
15. Levite, descendant of Asaph. 2 Chronicles 29:13 .
16. Kohathite, one of the overseers at the repairing of the temple. 2 Chronicles 34:12 .
17. Prince of Judah, and one of the rulers of the house of God. 2 Chronicles 35:8 .
18. Son of Berechiah, and one of the 'minor prophets.' Ezra 5:1 ; Ezra 6:14 ; Zechariah 1:1,7 ; Zechariah 7:1,8 .
19-21. Three who returned from exile. Ezra 8:3,11,16 ; Nehemiah 8:4 .
22. One who had married a strange wife. Ezra 10:26 .
23,24. Two ancestors of some who dwelt at Jerusalem on the return from exile. Nehemiah 11:4,5 .
25. Priest, the son of Pashur. Nehemiah 11:12 .
26. Priest, 'of Iddo.' Nehemiah 12:16 .
27. Son of Jonathan, a priest: he assisted in the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem. Nehemiah 12:35,41 .
28. Son of Jeberechiah, taken by Isaiah as a witness. Isaiah 8:2 .
Morrish Bible Dictionary - Zechariah, Prophecy of
Nothing personal is revealed concerning the prophet except that he was the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo the prophet. The dates mentioned are the eighth and eleventh months of the second year, and the ninth month of the fourth year of Darius, answering to 519 and 517 B.C., Zechariah 1:1,7 ; Zechariah 7:1 . Haggai's prophecy was in the second year of the same Persian king, so the two prophets were contemporary, and, according to Zechariah 13:1-4 ; Ezra 6:14 , they both roused and encouraged the Jews to go on with the building of the temple. Zechariah's prophecy is much occupied with the great Gentile kingdoms under which the Jews were placed: there is also much respecting Jerusalem, and it reaches on to the time of the Messiah and His rejection, and to the last days when Israel and Judah shall be blessed in the land.
Zechariah 1 . The introduction calls upon the people to turn to the Lord: not to be like their fathers who refused to hearken to the warnings, but who when God's punishments had fallen upon them, had been forced to acknowledge the truth of the prophet's words. The point of the chapter is that Jehovah had returned to Jerusalem with mercies, and God's providential ordering of the nations would favour the building of the city. The first vision is in Zechariah 1:7-17 . A man, the angel of Jehovah, on a red horse (the horse is a symbol of the energy of God's providential government in the earth) stands in the shade among the myrtle trees, and there were other horses, red, speckled, and white, as symbols of God's agency in the government of the earth: cf. Zechariah 6:5 . "The powers that be are ordained of God" and were used by Him. If the 'red' horse signifies Persia (having the same colour as the horse of the angel, possibly because Persia was at that time ruling and was favouring God's people), doubtless the 'speckled' and the 'white' point to the two nations that were to succeed — the Greek and the Roman. All were under the control of God. Babylon is not seen here: it had received its punishment.
God was angry with the surrounding nations that were at ease when Israel was being punished. The seventy years of indignation (not here the seventy years' captivity, though both periods partially synchronised) had then run their course, and a remnant of the Jews had been in grace restored, as seen in the book of Ezra; but that was only a few drops of the shower of blessing that was to descend upon them.
Zechariah 1:18-21 refer to the four kingdoms as horns, so fully prophesied of in Daniel — the Babylonian, the Median and Persian, the Greek, and the Roman. These nations, used as instruments of discipline upon God's people, were to be subdued in due time by God's 'carpenters' or 'artificers.' Notice that Judah and Israel are both mentioned in Zechariah 1:19 .
Zechariah 2 . concerns the city and the deliverance of God's elect people, reaching on to the future. Jerusalem is to be measured with the end in view of its being enlarged and inhabited as towns without walls — without limits: Jehovah will be a wall of fire round it, and will be the glory in its midst: cf. Isaiah 49:19,20 . "After the glory" of Jehovah has been manifested on the earth (Zechariah 6:1-806 ), He will send to the nations and make a spoil of them that have spoiled Israel, whom He values as the apple of His eye: cf. Deuteronomy 32:10 . Jehovah will dwell in the midst of His people, and many nations will be joined to the Lord: Jerusalem will be His earthly centre. All flesh is to be silent before the Lord, Israel were to know that though He providentially ordered things in the earth, yet that the prophet — a figure of Messiah — was the sent one of Jehovah. It is perfectly clear that nothing answering to this has taken place since the captivity.
Zechariah 3 . This chapter sets forth the sanctuary and active grace: in order however for Jerusalem to be thus blessed the people must be cleansed. They are represented in Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of Jehovah, Satan standing to resist him. God takes up the defence of His people: Satan is rebuked, the filthy garments are taken away, the iniquity is removed; Joshua is clothed with festive robes, and a pure tiara or diadem is set upon his head: cf. Zechariah 1:2-6 . He then is in a position of responsibility: if he is faithful he shall judge Jehovah's house, and have a place in His presence. The restored remnant is blessed, but left under responsibility till the time when Christ will make good God's counsels in the last days. The rest of the chapter refers to those days.
In Zechariah 3:8 Joshua is typical of Christ as the branch: cf. Isaiah 11:1 . Zechariah 3:9 . A stone is laid before him, also typical of Christ with the full divine intelligence for government: cf. Zechariah 4:10 and Revelation 5:6 . The iniquity of the land will be taken away in one day, and each shall repose under his own vine and his own fig-tree. Peace shall reign.
Zechariah 4:1-3 present symbolically the divine light and order of the future kingdom. Zechariah 4:6-10 give the then state of the returned remnant, the Spirit with them, and the providential (not yet direct) government of God for them. Thus the prophet was to assure Zerubbabel that he would be able to finish the house that had been begun (Zechariah 4:7 ): this was also typical of the future: cf. Zechariah 6:12 . Zechariah 4:11-14 . The royalty and priesthood of Christ will maintain by the power of the Spirit (golden oil), a perfect display of God's light and glory in connection with Israel. In principle this was to be seen in the remnant returned from Babylon. It will be also in the remnant of the last days: cf. Revelation 11:4 .
Zechariah 5:1-4 . A flying roll brings judgement (according to the holiness of God's sanctuary, 20 × 10) upon the 'land' (rather than the 'earth'), and into the houses of those that sin against God (swearing falsely), and against their neighbour (stealing), that is, the mass of the Jews. Zechariah 5:5-11 . Their wicked and corrupt state is represented by a woman sitting in an ephah (one of the dry measures) upon which a weight of lead, as if to restrain her, is cast. Subsequently two women (emblematic of commercial covetousness) come forth (doubtless typical of twin forms of the development of evil), and carry it to the land of Shinar, where Babylon, the mother of idolatry, was built, there to build the ephah a house. It doubtless points to the apostasy of the Jews in the last days: its character is Babylonian. Revelation 18:4,5 .
1619166092_2 introduce the administrative spirits of God's providential government connected with the four Gentile empires as horses: the red (Babylon), the black (Medes and Persians), the white (Greek), and the grisled and bay (Roman), the latter probably having two horses because of the double character of its government, relics of which exist in various forms until revived again before the Lord comes to reign. (Some translate 'strong,' as in the margin, instead of 'bay,' in Zechariah 6:3 and Zechariah 6:7 . The Hebrew is not the same as that translated 'bay' in Zechariah 1:8 margin. ) These are called "the four spirits of the heavens which go forth from standing before the Lord of all the earth" (Zechariah 6:5 ), because during the time of the Gentiles these nations are the instruments of God's providential governing power in the earth. The empires run on in some form, notwithstanding their failures, till God by Christ overrules, no longer providentially but in direct government. In Daniel 2:45 it is said that the Stone will break "in pieces the iron, the brass, the clay, the silver, and the gold." More detail as to these powers themselves, and what they accomplish, is given in Daniel. Zechariah 6:6 probably refers to the battle of Actium (B.C. 31, the date of the establishment of the Roman empire), and Zechariah 6:8 to the fall of Babylon.
Zechariah 6:9-15 . Christ as the Branch is again introduced. He will build the temple of Jehovah, will sit upon His throne as ruler and priest. He will reign in His Melchisedec character of King and Priest. Apparently the three men mentioned in Zechariah 6:10 brought gold and silver on their return from captivity, of which crowns were made for Joshua; and these crowns were hung "for a memorial in the temple of Jehovah." They should know that the prophet had been sent to them, but all depended on their obedience: comp. Isaiah 62:3 .
Zechariah 7 . From this chapter onward the prophecy has a distinct bearing upon the consciences of the people, the Messiah is introduced, and the consequences of His rejection. The people are challenged as to whether they had been sincere in their fasts during the seventy years: the fast "in the fifth month" was in memory of the destruction of Jerusalem, 2 Kings 25:8 ; and in the "seventh month" for the murder of Gedaliah. Jeremiah 41:1,2 . God had scattered them for their sins and because of their refusal of the former prophets.
Zechariah 8 . God however returns to Zion in grace and in such blessing as will be only fully realised in the millennium. Israel and Judah are both embraced in the blessing, Zechariah 8:13 . Their fast days should be turned into feasts: the fourth month doubtless refers to the time when Jerusalem was taken, and the tenth month to when the siege began: cf. Jeremiah 52:4,6 ; and Zechariah 7:5 .
Zechariah 9 , Zechariah 10 . Here the 'burden' is announced, God's vengeance that will come upon the nations in order that Israel may have possession of Syria. Zechariah 9:3-8 had a partial fulfilment by the instrumentality of Alexander the Great. Zion is called upon to rejoice, for Messiah her King cometh riding upon an ass. This passage is quoted in the Gospels: but it is only cited there as far as was true at that time, omitting the judgements that are to be fulfilled when Christ comes again, and which will result in great prosperity and blessing: the harvest and the vintage shall make them flourish. This is continued in Zechariah 10 , where again all Judah and Israel are included in the blessing. Hindrances shall be removed, and the pride of their enemies be brought down. They shall be strong in Jehovah and walk in His name.
Zechariah 11 treats of the rejection of the Messiah; its commencement is a great contrast to the end of Zechariah 10 . Here the people are under Gentile rule. The whole flock (nation) is given over to slaughter, and Jehovah takes up their cause, for their own shepherds (scribes, elders, rulers, priests) did not pity them. He raises up the true Shepherd, who feeds the remnant (the poor of the flock).
The two staves represent His authority, as gathering all the nations; unto Him (Genesis 49:10 ), and binding Judah and Israel together (Ezekiel 37:15-28 ). The stave BEAUTY is cut asunder, and He renounces His covenant with the nations (the peoples in Zechariah 11:10 ): cf. John 12:20-24 . It is in Israel He will take possession. The faithless shepherds in Israel are cut off: cf. Matthew 22:15-46 , and the poor of the flock have intelligence as to what God is doing. The Messiah is valued at thirty pieces of silver, as related in the Gospels.
The other staff, BANDS, was then broken, and the reunion of Judah and Israel was for the time postponed. The true Shepherd having been refused, Jehovah speaks (Zechariah 11:15-17 ) of the false shepherd, Antichrist, thus passing over unnoticed the whole of the present period, which makes it evident that the church is not alluded to in Zechariah: cf. John 5:43 .
Zechariah 12 . Following the rejection of Christ and the acceptance of Antichrist, this chapter introduces the events concerning Jerusalem in the last days. The nations that molest God's earthly people will find Jerusalem a burden that will crush them. Judah will see and acknowledge that the One they crucified was their true Messiah, and great sorrow will pierce their hearts: comp. Zechariah 12:11 with 2 Chronicles 35:22-25 . Each family will mourn apart and their wives apart: the king (David), the prophet (Nathan), and the priest (Levi), with whom is associated Shimei. Perhaps this should be Simeon as in the LXX, the Syriac, and the Arabic versions, as representing the most cruel: cf. Genesis 49:7 ; or possibly Shimei, the enemy of David, as representing the basest of the people, may be referred to.
Ezra 5:1 . A fountain is opened and all is cleansed. All idols and false prophets are banished. Zechariah 13:5 . Christ's was the humble place of a husbandman, a slave to man, and no humanly accredited prophet. Zechariah 2:8 . His rejection by 'his own' is evidenced by the wounds in His hands, which He received when among His friends. Zechariah 13:7 . Jehovah owns Him as His Fellow, but His sword smote Him, and the sheep (the nation) were scattered, while the remnant were blessed. Matthew 26:31 . Zechariah 13:8,9 . In the last days Judah will be brought into judgement, and a third part, after being refined in the fire, will be owned as God's people, and they will own Jehovah as their God. Israel, as not having been immediately guilty of the death of their Messiah, will be dealt with differently: cf. Ezekiel 20:34-38 .
Zechariah 14 announces the day of the Lord. All nations will be gathered by God against Jerusalem, the city will be taken, the houses rifled, and half the inhabitants go into captivity. Then Jehovah will go forth and fight against those nations. The feet of Jehovah-Jesus shall stand on Mount Olivet, from whence He ascended, and the mount will cleave in two, causing great fear. The latter part of Zechariah 14:5 begins a sentence, Jehovah will come with all His saints. Zechariah 14:6 is obscure (see margin ), and the MSS differ: it may signify, "There shall not be light; the shining [1] shall be obscured." The next verse shows that it will not be an ordinary day, but light will be at evening time.
Living waters will issue from Jerusalem, part going to the east sea, and part to the west sea; and there will be physical changes in the land. The enemies will be consumed, and Judah will share the spoil. Those of the nations who survive will go up to Jerusalem to worship the king, Jehovah of hosts, or, if they fail thus to worship, they will be punished. "Holiness to the Lord" will be on the bells of the horses, and all in Jerusalem will be sanctified. There will be no 'Canaanite,' or trafficker, in God's house, as there were when the Lord was on earth.
The whole prophecy concerns God's earthly people, and is full of detail with respect to their punishment; their blessing; their Messiah, and their rejection of Him; also their future reception of Him, and His glory in their midst. It will be noticed that Jehovah, and their Messiah (in whatever way prefigured), are often spoken of as one and the same.
Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary - Zechariah
king of Israel, 2 Kings 14:29 . He succeeded his father Jeroboam II, A.M. 3220. He reigned but six months, and was murdered.
2. ZECHARIAH, son of Jehoiada, high priest of the Jews; probably the same as Azariah, 1 Chronicles 6:10-11 . He was put to death by the order of Joash, A.M. 3164, 2 Chronicles 24:20-22 . Some think this is the Zacharias mentioned Matthew 23:35 .
3. ZECHARIAH, the eleventh of the twelve lesser prophets, was the son of Barachiah, and the grandson of Iddo. He was born during the captivity, and came to Jerusalem when the Jews were permitted by Cyrus to return to their own country. He began to prophesy two months later than Haggai, and continued to exercise his office about two years. Like his contemporary Haggai, Zechariah begins with exhorting the Jews to proceed in the rebuilding of the temple; he promises them the aid and protection of God, and assures them of the speedy increase and prosperity of Jerusalem; he then emblematically describes the four great empires, and foretels the glory of the Christian church when Jews and Gentiles shall be united under their great High Priest and Governor, Jesus Christ, of whom Joshua the high priest, and Zerubbabel the governor, were types; he predicts many particulars relative to our Saviour and his kingdom, and to the future condition of the Jews. Many moral instructions and admonitions are interspersed throughout the work. Several learned men have been of opinion that the last six chapters were not written by Zechariah; but whoever wrote them, their inspired authority is established by their being quoted in three of the Gospels, Matthew 26:31 ; Mark 14:27 ; John 19:37 . The style of Zechariah is so remarkably similar to that of Jeremiah, that the Jews were accustomed to observe, that the spirit of Jeremiah had passed into him. By far the greater part of this book is prosaic; but toward the conclusion there are some poetical passages which are highly ornamented. The diction is in general perspicuous, and the transitions to the different subjects are easily discerned.
People's Dictionary of the Bible - Zechariah
Zechariah (zĕk'a-rî'ah), Jehovah remembers. 1. The eleventh of the twelve minor prophets, of priestly descent and a contemporary or Haggai. Ezra 5:1. He was born in Babylon, and was both a priest and a prophet. Scarcely anything is known of his life. His prophecies were about b.c. 520.
The Book of Zechariah consists of two divisions: I. Chaps. 1-8; II. Chaps. 9-14. The first division contains visions and prophecies, exhortations to turn to Jehovah, and warnings against the enemies of the people of God. The second division gives a prophetic description of the future fortunes of the theocracy in conflict with the secular powers, the sufferings and death of the Messiah under the figure of the shepherd, the conversion of Israel to him, and the final glorification of the kingdom of God. Some have ascribed this part of the book to Jeremiah because in Matthew 27:9-10 a passage is quoted under the name of Jeremiah, while others have put it at a much earlier or much later period on account of the peculiarities of the style. The book contains six specific references to Christ: 3:8; 6:12; 9:9; 11:12; 12:10; 13:7, representing him as a lowly servant, a priest and king building Jehovah's temple, the meek and peaceful but universal monarch, the shepherd betrayed for the price of a slave (thirty pieces of silver), the leader to repentance, and the Fellow of Jehovah smitten by Jehovah himself, at once the Redeemer and the Pattern of his flock. Besides the prophet, 27 other persons of the name Zechariah are mentioned in' Scripture.
American Tract Society Bible Dictionary - Zechariah
1. Son of Berechiah, and grandson of Iddo the priest; called the son of Iddo in Ezra 5:1 6:14 , and his successor in the priesthood, Nehemiah 12:4,16 , perhaps because Berechiah was then dead. Zechariah is the eleventh of the minor prophets. He returned from Babylon with Zerubbabel, and began to prophesy while yet young, Zechariah 2:4 , in the second year of Darius son of Hystaspes, B. C. 520, in the eighth month of the holy year, and two months after Haggai. These two prophets, with united zeal, encouraged the people to resume the work of the temple, which had been discontinued for some years, Ezra 5:1 .
Zechariah's prophecies concerning the Messiah are more particular and express than those of most other prophets, and many of them, like those of Daniel, are couched in symbols. The book opens with a brief introduction; after which six chapters contain a series of visions, setting forth the fitness of that time for the promised restoration of Israel, the destruction of the enemies of God's people, the conversion of heathen nations, the advent of Messiah the Branch, the outpouring and blessed influences of the Holy Spirit, and the importance and safety of faithfully adhering to the service of their covenant God. Zechariah 7:1-14 relates to commemorative observances. Zechariah 9:1-11:17 predict the prosperity of Judah during the times of the Maccabees, together with the fate of Persia and other adjacent kingdoms. The remaining three chapters describe the future destiny of the Jews, the siege of Jerusalem, the triumphs of Messiah, and the glories of the latter day when "Holiness to the Lord" shall be inscribed on all things.
2. A wise and faithful prophetic counselor of king Uzziah, whose death was the beginning of calamities to Judah, 2 Chronicles 26:5,16 , perhaps the same who was the father-in-law of Ahaz, 2 Chronicles 28:27 29:1
3. A son of Jeberechiah, associated with Urijah the high-priest by Isaiah as a "faithful witness," Isaiah 8:1 2 Chronicles 29:13 .
4. A son of Jehoiada. See ZACHARIAS 1.
Smith's Bible Dictionary - Zechariah, the Book of
The book of Zechariah, in its existing form, consists of three principal parts, vis. chs. 1-8; chs. 9-11; chs. 12-14.
The first of these divisions is allowed by the critics to be the genuine work of Zechariah the son of Iddo. It consists, first, of a short introduction or preface in which the prophet announces his commission; then of a series of visions, descriptive of all those hopes and anticipations of which the building of the temple was the pledge and sure foundation and finally of a discourse, delivered two years later, in reply to questions respecting the observance of certain established fasts.
The remainder of the book consists of two sections of about equal length, chs. 9-11,12-14, each of which has an inscription. (1) In the first section he threatens Damascus and the seacoast of Palestine with misfortune, but declares that Jerusalem shall be protected. (2) The second section is entitled "The burden of the word of Jehovah for Israel." But Israel is here used of the nation at large, not of Israel as distinct from Judah. Indeed the prophecy which follows concerns Judah and Jerusalem, in this the prophet beholds the near approach of troublous times, when Jerusalem should be hard pressed by enemies. But in that day Jehovah shall come to save them an all the nations which gather themselves against Jerusalem shall be destroyed. Many modern critics maintain that the later chapters, from the ninth to the fourteenth, were written by some other prophet, who lived before the exile. The prophecy closes with a grand and stirring picture. All nations are gathered together against Jerusalem, and seem already sure of their prey. Half of their cruel work has been accomplished, when Jehovah himself appears on behalf of his people. He goes forth to war against the adversaries of his people. He establishes his kingdom over all the earth. All nations that are still left shall come up to Jerusalem, as the great centre of religious worship, and the city; from that day forward shall be a holy city. Such is, briefly, an outline of the second portion of that book which is commonly known as the Prophecy of Zechariah. Integrity . -Mede was the first to call this in question. The probability that the later chapters, from the ninth to the fourteenth, were by some other prophet seems first to have been suggested to him by the citation in St. Matthew. He rests his opinion partly on the authority of St. Matthew and partly-on the contents of the later chapters, which he considers require a date earlier than the exile. Archbishop Newcombe went further. He insisted on the great dissimilarity of style as well as subject between the earlier and later chapters and he was the first who advocated the theory that the last six chapters of Zechariah are the work of two distinct prophets.
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Zechariah, Book of - The Book of Zechariah is the eleventh of the so-called Minor Prophets. Apparently, an effort was made to begin rebuilding the Temple under an official named Sheshbazzar (Ezra 5:14-16 ) and perhaps Zerubabel (Ezra 3:1-13 ; Zechariah 4:9 ), but the work stopped due to opposition from persons who had not been in Exile and local officials. In the midst of that turmoil, God raised two prophets, Haggai and Zechariah, to urge finishing the Temple. ...
What Zechariah preached The message of Zechariah may be summarized under two headings: prosperity and purification. This message is found in the first six chapters of the Book of Zechariah. The structure of the book anticipates the structure of later books called apocalypses, books like Daniel and Revelation; the Book of Zechariah itself is not, however, an apocalypse. ...
The opening message (Zechariah 1:1-6 ) reminds the audience that God had warned their forefathers not to sin, but they had not listened or repented. This message served to validate prophecy, after which Zechariah related his visions. Four horsemen ride forth in Zechariah 1:7-17 to announce God's return to Zion, a new day when prosperity would come. In the second vision ( Zechariah 1:18-21 ), four smiths (agents of God's deliverance) overcome four horns (symbols of the nations that ruled over Jerusalem). In vision four (Zechariah 3:1-10 ) the high priest Joshua is symbolically cleansed for his work. The fifth vision (Zechariah 4:1-14 ) pictures God as a lampstand with two olive trees standing beside Him: Joshua and Zerubbabel. Vision six (Zechariah 5:1-4 ) involves a scroll flying through the air. (Was theft an especially acute problem in the poor, reduced state of Judah after the Exile?) In the seventh vision (Zechariah 5:5-11 ), Zechariah saw an ephah, in this case a container with a heavy, lead cover. In the last vision (Zechariah 6:1-8 ), four charioteers head out in all directions to patrol the earth (and presumably to punish evil). Zechariah 7:1 and Zechariah 8:1 contain additional messages from Zechariah, but add no new insights. ...
The last six chapters of the Book of Zechariah do not seem to have been composed at the same time as the first eight chapters. In addition, Zechariah 11:12-13 is quoted in Matthew 27:9-10 as a saying of Jeremiah. In some Old Testament manuscripts, then, the verses (and presumably their context) probably were attached to the Book of Jeremiah, while in the manuscripts preserved in our Hebrew Bibles they were attached to Zechariah. Since the chapters differ in style and contents from both Jeremiah and Zechariah, some scholars think they were prophecies from an unknown prophet either from the time of the Persian Empire (down to 332) or the Greek Empire. Others think they are the later work of Zechariah. ...
Whether written by Jeremiah, Zechariah, or an anonymous prophet, it is the contents of the chapters that are important. Matthew 9:1 through 11 depict God's deliverance of His people in terms of the victory of God and His Messiah over the neighboring peoples, including the Greeks ( Zechariah 9:1-10:7 ), the return of the Exiles (Zechariah 10:6-12 ), and the punishment of the wicked leaders of Judah (Zechariah 11:4-17 ). Zechariah 12-14 depict an end-time attack upon Jerusalem and the cities of Judah ( Zechariah 12:1-3 ; Zechariah 14:1-3 ), an attack in which many people would be killed as God purifies His people (Zechariah 13:7-9 ). God Himself would rescue His people (Zechariah 12:4-9 ; Zechariah 14:4-5 ,Zechariah 14:4-5,14:12-15 ), cleanse the people from idolatry, rid the land of prophecy (which had become synonymous with false prophecy, Zechariah 13:1-6 ), and turn Jerusalem into a paradise to which the nations of the world would come to worship. Zechariah 14:1 envisions the Mount of Olives splitting in two, with fresh water (representing the blessings of God) flowing east and west watering the world. God Is Just (Zechariah 1:1-2:13 )...
A. God's anger with His sinful people is justified (Zechariah 1:1-2 ). God will return to His people if they return to Him (Zechariah 1:3 ). History shows the justice of God and the sinfulness of His people (Zechariah 1:4-6 ). God Promises Prosperity to His People (Zechariah 1:7-2:13 ). Vision One: God's election mercy for His people replaces His anger (Zechariah 1:7-17 ). Vision Two: God punishes those who oppress His people (Zechariah 1:18-21 ). Vision Three: God's glorious presence will restore, protect, and expand His people (Zechariah 2:1-13 ). God Calls His People to Purification (Zechariah 3:1-6:15 ). Vision Four: God wants to forgive and purify His people and their leaders (Zechariah 3:1-10 ). Vision Five: God exercise His sovereign rule through His Spirit and His messianic leaders (Zechariah 4:1-14 ). Vision Six: God condemns stealing and lying (Zechariah 5:1-4 ). Vision Seven: God removes the wickedness of His people (Zechariah 5:5-11 ). Vision Eight: The universal God defeats the enemies of His people (Zechariah 6:1-8 ). God commissions leaders for His obedient people (Zechariah 6:9-15 ). (Zechariah 7:1-14 ). God has always rejected selfish, insincere worship rituals (Zechariah 7:1-7 ). God seeks justice, mercy, and compassion (Zechariah 7:8-10 ). God is angry when His people reject His inspired teaching (Zechariah 7:11-12 ). God punishes His disobedient people (Zechariah 7:13-14 ). God in His Jealousy Restores His Faithful Remnant (Zechariah 8:1-23 ). God's jealousy leads to hope for His people (Zechariah 8:1-5 ). The faithful God wants to renew His covenant with His people (Zechariah 8:6-8 ). God is not bound by the past (Zechariah 8:9-13 ). God has punished Judah and now will bless her (Zechariah 8:14-15 ). God commands truthfulness, justice, and peace (Zechariah 8:16-19 ). God seeks all people to worship Him (Zechariah 8:20-23 ). God Controls the Future of His People (Zechariah 9:1-11:17 ). God promises restoration (Zechariah 9:1-17 ). God punishes wicked leaders (Zechariah 10:1-11:3 ). God is not bound by past covenants from punishing His foolish people and their wicked leaders (Zechariah 11:4-17 ). God Purges and Delivers His People (Zechariah 12:1-14-21 ). The universal God exercises His control over all His world (Zechariah 12:1-13:6 ). God will make a new covenant with the remnant of His people after striking His shepherd (Zechariah 13:7-9 ). God will rule over the whole earth on the day of the Lord (Zechariah 14:1-21 )
Bay - KJV translation of a term referring to horses in Zechariah 6:3 ,Zechariah 6:3,6:7 . Recent interpreters take the Hebrew word as referring to the strength of the horses (NIV, NAS), though NRSV reads “gray” in Zechariah 6:3 and “steeds” in Zechariah 6:7 , while REB omits the word in Zechariah 6:3 and emends the text in Zechariah 6:7
Zachariah - (zach uh ri' uh) KJV alternate spelling of Zechariah. See Zechariah 1
Regem-Melech - One of the deputation sent to the prophet Zechariah ( Zechariah 7:2 )
Hen (1) - Zechariah 6:14 ("favor"), the same person as Josiah ("God founds or supports"), Zechariah 6:10
Barachias, Berechiah - ), whom Jehovah hath blessed, father of the prophet Zechariah (Zechariah 1:1,7 ; Matthew 23:35 )
Shiloni - Father of Zechariah. But the passage may be read "Zechariah, the son of the Shilonite," as in the R
Jeberechiah - In Septuagint and Vulgate Berechiah (Isaiah 8:2), father of Zechariah in Ahaz' reign. The same names occur later, Zechariah 1:1. If Berechiah was father of the house, not of the individuals, the "Zachariah son of Baruch" in Matthew 23:35 (where "Zechariah the son of Jehoiada," 2 Chronicles 24:20, in the individual sense is meant) may be identical with Zechariah, son of Je ("Jah ") berechiah
Idolomacy - The practice of consulting images of household gods (teraphim) for advice (Ezekiel 21:21 ; Zechariah 10:2 ). Zechariah encouraged his contemporaries to pray to God since the teraphim were “utter nonsense
Hen (Person) - Hebrew word for “grace, favor” used as either a proper name or a title (meaning “favored one”) of Josiah son of Zephaniah (Zechariah 6:14 ; compare Zechariah 6:10 ) if the present Hebrew text is original. The Syriac version (followed by the NRSV, REB, TEV) has the name Josiah in place of Hen in Zechariah 6:14
Zechariah, the Book of - The Jewish saying was, "the spirit of Jeremiah dwelt in Zechariah. " Like Ezekiel and Daniel, Zechariah delights in symbols, allegories, and visions of angels ministering before Jehovah and executing His commands on earth. Zechariah, like Genesis, Job, and Chronicles, brings Satan personally into view. The mention of myrtles (representing the then depressed Jewish church, Zechariah 1:11) accords with the fact of their non mention before the Babylonian exile (Nehemiah 8:15); contrast the original command as to the trees at the feast of tabernacles, "palms, and willows of the brook" Esther's name Hadassah means "myrtle". ) Joshua's filthy garments (Zechariah 3) were those assumed by the accused in Persian courts; the white robe substituted was the caftan, to this day put upon a state minister in the East when acquitted. ...
Zechariah encouraged the Jews in rebuilding the temple by unfolding the glorious future in contrast with the present depression of the theocracy. Matthew (Matthew 27:9) quotes Zechariah 11:12 as Jeremiah's words. Doubtless because Zechariah had before his mind Jeremiah 18:1-2; Jeremiah 32:6-12; Zechariah's prophecy is but a reiteration of the fearful oracle of Jeremiah 18-19, about to be fulfilled in the destruction of the Jewish nation. ...
Zechariah repeats this threat as about to be fulfilled again by Rome for their rejection of Messiah Matthew, by mentioning Jeremiah, implies that the field of blood now bought by "the reward of iniquity" in the valley of Hinnom was long ago a scene of doom symbolically predicted, that the purchase of it with the traitor's price renewed the prophecy and revived the curse. ) Introduction (Zechariah 1:1-6), a warning resting on the previous warnings of Haggai (Haggai 1:4-8). ) Symbolical (Zechariah 1:7 to chapter 6), nine visions in one night. ) Didactic (Zechariah 7; 8), answer to a query of Bethelites concerning a, certain fast. ) Prophetical (Zechariah 9 to 14). ...
In the second part, the interpretation of the visions is given by the angel who knows Jehovah's will, intercedes with Jehovah for Israel, and by whom Jehovah speaks (Zechariah 1:9), "the angel that talked with me," or "in me"; compare 1 Peter 1:11, "the Spirit of Christ which was in the prophets. " The Angel of Jehovah the Man upon the red horse among the myrtle trees, is apparently identical with the interpreting angel through whom Jehovah communicates with His servants (Zechariah 1:8; Zechariah 1:10-11; Zechariah 1:12). Instead of Jerusalem's past limiting wall, her population shall spread out beyond into the open country and need no wall, Jehovah Himself being "a wall of fire round about, and the glory in the midst of her" (Zechariah 2:1-5; Ezekiel 38:11). ...
The next two (fourth and fifth) visions (Zechariah 3-4) show Joshua the high priest's (representing Jerusalem) trial and vindication against Satan, being justified by Jehovah through Messiah the Righteous Branch, though unclean in himself (compare Psalms 109:6; Psalms 109:31; Luke 1:11; Judges 1:9; Judges 1:23; Romans 8:33-34; Isaiah 64:6; Isaiah 61:10; Hebrews 7:1-21; Revelation 19:8; Luke 15:22). ...
The "seven eyes upon the one stone" are carved on it; not so much the eyes of the Father (the eye symbolizing providence, seven perfection) and of angels and saints ever fixed on Him (Zechariah 4:10; 1 Timothy 3:16; John 3:14-15; John 12:32; John 8:66), as His own sevenfold fullness of grace, and of the Spirit's gifts put "UPON Him" by God, so that "He shall not judge after the sight of His eyes" (Isaiah 11:2-3; Isaiah 42:1; John 1:16; John 3:34; Colossians 1:19; Colossians 2:9); He is the living stone who not only attracts the eyes of His people, but emits from Himself all illumination. ...
The fifth vision (Zechariah 4:1-9), the candlestick or chandelier with seven lights, fed by seven tubes apiece, borrowed from the tabernacle (Exodus 25:31, etc. "...
The sixth vision (Zechariah 5:1-11) is the curse upon a flying roll, recorded against sin, over Judaea primarily and ultimately the whole earth; it shall extirpate the fraudulent and perjurers; compare in Zechariah's time Nehemiah 13:10; Malachi 3:5; Malachi 3:8. Four chariots, symbolizing the fourfold dispensations of Providence as regards the contact of the four great world powers with Judaea, come out from between the two mountains Zion and Moriah (the seat of the temple, representing the theocracy) where the Lord is (Zechariah 2:10), and from whence He sends His ministers of judgments on the pagan; the red horses in one represent carnage; the black, sorrow and famine (Revelation 6:5-6); the white, joy and victory; the grisled or piebald, a mixed dispensation, partly prosperity, partly adversity; all alike working together for good to Israel. The double crowning of Joshua symbolizes the union of the priesthood and kingship in Messiah (Zechariah 6:13; Psalms 110:1-2; Psalms 110:4; Hebrews 5:10; Hebrews 6:20; Isaiah 66:21). The crowns were made of silver and gold, presented for the temple by Heldah, Tobijah, and Jedaiah, coming from Babylon, and should be deposited in the temple' as a memorial of the donors until Messiah appear; and as typifying Israel's return from afar to the King of the Jews at Jerusalem (Isaiah 60:9), and secondarily the conversion of the Gentiles from "far off" (Zechariah 6; Zechariah 2:11; Zechariah 8:22-23; Isaiah 60:10; Isaiah 57:19). ...
The didactic part (Zechariah 7-8) lays down that God loves obedience rather than fasting; the fate of Israel's fathers, but still more God's present promise of coming blessedness to Jerusalem, should stimulate the Jews to obedience, even as adversity attended them while neglecting in build the temple. ...
Prophetical (Zechariah 9-14). Alexander's conquests in Syria and Philistia (Zechariah 9:1-8). God's people safe because her King cometh lowly, yet showing Himself a Saviour and about to create universal peace (Zechariah 9:9-10). The Maccabean deliverance a type hereof (Zechariah 9:11-17). ...
Zechariah 10 urges prayer, and promises in answer to it rulers coming out of themselves (the Maccabees, Judah's governors and deliverers from Antiochus, typifying Messiah), conquest of enemies, restoration of both Israel and Judah in their own land in lasting peace. Zechariah 11 foretells the destruction of the second temple and Jewish polity for the rejection of Messiah (Zechariah 11:4; Zechariah 11:7, the "flock" doomed to slaughter by Rome, whom Messiah "fed," but they rejected Him "the Bread of life". ...
Judah's "own shepherds" (Zechariah 11:3; Zechariah 11:5; and Zechariah 11:8) by selfish rapacity sold their country to Rome (John 11:48; John 11:50). The climax was the sale of Messiah through Judas to Rome for 30 pieces of silver (Zechariah 11:13). The three shepherds (Zechariah 11:8) cut off in one month answer to the three last princes of the Asmonaean line, Hyrcanus, Alexander, and Antigonus (the last conquered by Rome and Herod, and slain by the executioner, 34 B. ...
Henceforth, God's covenant was not "with all the people "but only with the elect (Zechariah 11:10-11). When Messiah demanded His" price" for pastoral care of Israel during the whole theocracy, and especially in the three and a half years of His ministry in person, they gave only 30 shekels, the price of a gored bond servant (Zechariah 11:12-13; Exodus 21:32). Jehovah gave them up to a foolish (wicked) shepherd (Zechariah 11:15-17) since they would not have the good Shepherd; namely, Rome pagan and papal, and finally the blasphemous antichrist (John 5:43; Daniel 11:35-38; Daniel 12:1; Daniel 9:27; 2 Thessalonians 2:3-12; Revelation 13:5-6; Revelation 13:13-18). Zechariah 12 foretells that Jerusalem shall be the instrument of God's judgment on her foes, after that He pours on her the spirit of grace and supplication. At Zechariah 13:7 the prophecy of Messiah's betrayal (Zechariah 11:4; Zechariah 11:10; Zechariah 11:13-14) is resumed, "Awake O sword against My Shepherd and against the Man that is My Fellow (the mighty Man of My union, 'geber 'amithiy ,' one indissolubly joined by a common nature; contrast the Levitical law against injuring one's fellow. ...
Zechariah 9-14 foretells Jerusalem's last struggle with the hostile world powers. Such an interposition certainly did not take place at the last siege by Rome, though looked for by the zealots within Jerusalem; Zechariah 13:9 and Zechariah 14 must refer to the future. The reference to the glorious millennial feast of tabernacles to come is in undesigned coincidence with Zechariah's assisting Zerubbabel who kept the typical feast (Zechariah 14:16; Ezra 3:4; Ezra 5:1-2). ...
The difference in style between the earlier and the last chapters (Zechariah 9-14) is due to the difference of subject: the first eight being symbolical, occasionally oratorical and practical, the last six transporting the prophet into the glorious future; the style of the latter is naturally therefore more elevated. The notes of time in the former (Zechariah 1:1; Zechariah 1:7; Zechariah 7:1) and the references to the temple are accounted for through the prophet's busying himself here with his own time, but in the latter with the far off future. ...
The same phrases recur in both: as "passeth by and returneth" (meobeer 'umishab ) in Zechariah 7:14, also in Zechariah 9:8; "to remove" (hebir ), Zechariah 3:4, and Zechariah 13:2; "the eye of God," Zechariah 3:9; Zechariah 4:10; Zechariah 9:1; Zechariah 9:8; Israel's return from exile and ruling the foes, by the law of righteous retribution (Zechariah 2:10; Zechariah 9:12; also compare Zechariah 2:10 with Zechariah 9:9; Zechariah 14:4); Jehovah's coming to Zion and dwelling there. ...
Compare also similar phrases in Zechariah 2:9; Zechariah 2:11, and Zechariah 11:11; Zechariah 2:4 and Zechariah 14:10; Zechariah 8:20-23 and Zechariah 14:16. Chaldaisms occur: tsaabaa ; Zechariah 9:8; raamah ; Zechariah 14:10; bahal , millee qesheth (Zechariah 9:13) for darak qesheth . Zechariah, even in his later chapters, shows his familiarity with the prophets of the exile, Jeremiah and Ezekiel; Zechariah 9:2 alludes to Ezekiel 28:3; Zechariah 10:3 alludes to Ezekiel 34:17; Zechariah 11:4 alludes to Ezekiel 34:4; Zechariah 11:3 alludes to Jeremiah 12:5; Zechariah 13:8-9 alludes to Ezekiel 5:12; Zechariah 14:8 alludes to Ezekiel 47:1-12; Zechariah 14:10-11 alludes to Jeremiah 31:38-40; Zechariah 14:20-21 alludes to Ezekiel 43:12; Ezekiel 44:9. But Zechariah is often elevated, as the earlier prophets; and the style generally accords with the subject. Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi are the three prophets of the restoration, best illustrated by comparison with Ezra and Nehemiah; Haggai and Zechariah are at the beginning of the period, Malachi at the close. After 14 years of interruption under Smerdis the rebuilding of the temple was resumed, 70 years after the fall of Solomon's temple; Haggai and Zechariah encouraged Zerubbabel and Jeshua amidst apathy on the part of the younger generation who were accustomed to the absence of Mosaic ritual in Babylon, and who undervalued the humble beginnings of the restored temple, in contrast with the gorgeous pomp of the Babylonian temples. As the work of Haggai and Zechariah was that of restorers, so Malachi's was that of a reformer, cooperating with Ezra 458 B
Hadrach - Zechariah 9:1 . It is supposed to be found on the Assyrian monuments in the names Hatarakka, and Hatarika, where it is associated with Damascus and Hamath, as in Zechariah
Zechariah, Book of - Then, in 520 BC, God raised up two prophets, Haggai and Zechariah, to stir up the people to get to work again and finish the temple (Ezra 5:1-2; Haggai 1:1; Zechariah 1:1). Haggai began the preaching with two stirring messages (Haggai 1; Haggai 2:1-9), after which Zechariah delivered his first message (Zechariah 1:1-6). Haggai followed this with two more messages (Haggai 2:10-23), after which Zechariah delivered his second message (Zechariah 1:7-21; Zechariah 2; Zechariah 3; Zechariah 4; Zechariah 5; Zechariah 6). Zechariah’s next recorded message was preached when the construction had reached the half-way point (Zechariah 7; Zechariah 8). ...
Haggai and Zechariah were both concerned with rousing the people from their spiritual laziness and getting them to work on the temple, but the preaching of Zechariah went further. Zechariah was therefore concerned to bring about a lasting spiritual change in the lives of the people. ...
The latter half of Zechariah’s book, which consists of two messages delivered probably late in his life, shows that the task the people faced was not an easy one. ...
In contrast to the straightforward preaching of Haggai, Zechariah’s preaching was often mysterious and colourful. ...
Contents of the book...
After an initial call to repentance (1:1-6), Zechariah recounts eight visions, all of which concern the rebuilding of the temple and God’s purposes for his people. ...
At the half-way point in the building program, some representatives of the people asked Zechariah if they should still keep certain fasts to mourn the destruction of the former temple. In response Zechariah warns not to mourn over the past, but to have confidence for the future (7:1-8:23). ...
In the first of the two longer messages given later in life, Zechariah speaks of the punishment of enemies and the restoration of freedom
Menorah - (meh' noh ruh) A candelabrum used in Jewish worship, specifically the branched lamphystand used in the tabernacle (Exodus 25:31-35 ; Exodus 37:17-20 ; compare Zechariah 4:2 ,Zechariah 4:2,4:11 )
ha'Drach - (dwelling ), a country of Syria, mentioned once only, by the prophet Zechariah. ( Zechariah 9:1 ) The addition of the district, with its borders, is here generally stated; but the name itself seems to have wholly disappeared
re'Gem-me'Lech - The names of Sherezer and Regem-melech occur in an obscure passage of Zechariah. ( Zechariah 7:2 ) They were sent on behalf of some of the captivity to make inquiries at the temple concerning fasting (B
Tobijah - One of a deputation that came from Babylon to Jerusalem with contributions of gold and silver ( Zechariah 6:10 ; Zechariah 6:14 )
Berechiah - Zechariah 1:1; Zechariah 1:7
Iddo - The son of Zechariah (1 Chronicles 27:21 ), the ruler of Manasseh in David's time. The father of Berachiah, and grandfather of the prophet Zechariah (Zechariah 1:1,7 )
Shimites - Numbers 3:21; Zechariah 12:13
Zohar - A Simeonite family ( Genesis 46:10 , Exodus 6:15 ); called in Numbers 26:15 and 1 Chronicles 4:24 Zechariah 3 Zechariah 3 Zechariah 3
Zechariah - The Bible mentions about thirty people who had the name Zechariah. ...
Of the rulers named Zechariah, one was a king of Israel. ...
The most important of the prophets named Zechariah was the man whose book is part of the Old Testament. He lived in Jerusalem during the period after the Jews’ return from captivity and, with Haggai, he roused the people to get on with the job of rebuilding the temple (Ezra 5:1-2; Ezra 6:14-15; Zechariah 1:1; see Zechariah, BOOK OF). ...
Of the priests named Zechariah, the best known in Old Testament times was the man who rebuked King Joash and the people of Jerusalem for their idolatry. ...
Another priest named Zechariah lived in New Testament times. One day, while Zechariah was on duty in the temple, an angel from God told him that in answer to their prayers, God was about to give them a son. ...
Zechariah could hardly believe the good news and wanted a sign to confirm it. Upon regaining his speech, Zechariah immediately began to praise God
ty'Rus - This form is employed in the Authorized Version of the books of Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Hosea (Joel has "Tyre"), Amos and Zechariah, as follows: (Jeremiah 25:22 ; 27:3 ; 47:4 ; Ezekiel 26:2,3,4,7,15 ; 27:2,3,8,32 ; 28:2,12 ; 29:18 ; Hosea 9:13 ; Amos 1:9,10 ; Zechariah 9:2,3 )
Zachary - ZACHARY ( 2Es 1:40 ) = Zechariah the prophet
Hen - In Zechariah 6:14 ‘Hen the son of Zephaniah’ is mentioned amongst those whose memory was to be perpetuated by the crowns laid up in the Temple (so AV [3] found in Zechariah 6:10
Heldai - One who returned from exile, Zechariah 6:10 (probably the same as HELEMin Zechariah 6:14 ), who apparently had gold and silver of which crowns were made, to be 'for a memorial in the temple of the Lord
Zecher - ZECHER ( 1 Chronicles 8:21 ) = 1 Chronicles 9:37 Zechariah
Regem-Melech - ” Delegate whom the people of Bethel sent to Jerusalem to inquire about continuing to fast in commemoration of the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple (Zechariah 7:2 ). The prophet repeated the word of previous prophets: God desires moral lives rather than fasts (Zechariah 7:9-10 )
Zachariah, Zacharias - Esther 1:8 Esther 1:8 = Zechariah (No. Esther 6:1 Esther 6:1 ; Esther 7:3 Esther 7:3 = Zechariah (No. 1Es 8:30 ; 1Es 8:44 = Zechariah (No. 1Es 8:37 = Zechariah (No. 1E Esther 9:27 ; 1Es 9:44 = Zechariah (No. The reference is clearly to the death of Zechariah, son of Jehoiada ( 2 Chronicles 24:20-22 ); and as Chronicles was the last book of the Jewish canon, the phrase ‘ from Abel to Zechariah ’ would be equivalent to our ‘from Genesis to Revelation. , however, Zachariah is called ‘son of Barachiah ,’ and there is thus a confusion with Zechariah the prophet, whose father was Berechiah ( Zechariah 1:1 )
Sherezer - (sshih ree' zehr) KJV alternate spelling of Sharezer (Zechariah 7:2 )
Grizzled - Party-coloured, as goats (Genesis 31:10,12 ), horses (Zechariah 6:3,6 )
Zacher - (zay' kehr) KJV alternate form of Zechariah (1 Chronicles 8:31 )
Jeberechiah - Father of Zechariah, in the reign of Ahaz
Ben'Jamin, High Gate - (Jeremiah 20:2 ; 37:13 ; 38:7 ; Zechariah 14:10 ) [1]
Line - Elsewhere the line serves as a surveying tool for measuring a larger distance (Psalm 16:6 ; Isaiah 34:17 ; Jeremiah 31:39 ; Zechariah 1:16 ; Zechariah 2:1-2 ). The surveying image is applied both to contexts where judgment (Amos 7:17 ) and restoration (Jeremiah 31:39 ; Zechariah 1:16 ; Zechariah 2:1 ) are in view
Jeberechiah - The father of Zechariah, a friend of Isaiah ( Isaiah 8:2 )
Grisled - Genesis 31:10 ; Zechariah 6:3,6
Helem - ” The name appears in Zechariah 6:14 as a variant to Heldai in Zechariah 6:10
Headstone - HEADSTONE , more correctly ‘head stone,’ Zechariah 4:7 etc
Shere'Zer - (prince of fire ), one of the people's messengers mentioned in ( Zechariah 7:2 )
Addo - The grandfather of the prophet Zechariah ( 1E Esther 6:1 )
Chislev - ]'>[1] Chisleu , Nehemiah 1:1 , Zechariah 7:1 )
Zacher - In 1 Chronicles 9:37, Zechariah
Iddo - Son of Zechariah and a ruler of Manasseh in Gilead. Grandfather of Zechariah the prophet. Ezra 5:1 ; Ezra 6:14 ; Zechariah 1:1,7
Tobi'Jah - ) ...
One of the captivity in the time of Zechariah, in whose presence the prophet ,as commanded to take crowns of silver and gold and put them on the head of Joshua the high priest. (Zechariah 6:10,14 ) (B
Zechariah, Prophecy of - , Zechariah 1:1,7 ; Zechariah 7:1 . Zechariah's prophecy is much occupied with the great Gentile kingdoms under which the Jews were placed: there is also much respecting Jerusalem, and it reaches on to the time of the Messiah and His rejection, and to the last days when Israel and Judah shall be blessed in the land. ...
Zechariah 1 . The first vision is in Zechariah 1:7-17 . Zechariah 6:5 . ...
Zechariah 1:18-21 refer to the four kingdoms as horns, so fully prophesied of in Daniel — the Babylonian, the Median and Persian, the Greek, and the Roman. ' Notice that Judah and Israel are both mentioned in Zechariah 1:19 . ...
Zechariah 2 . "After the glory" of Jehovah has been manifested on the earth (Zechariah 2:8 ), He will send to the nations and make a spoil of them that have spoiled Israel, whom He values as the apple of His eye: cf. ...
Zechariah 3 . ...
In Zechariah 3:8 Joshua is typical of Christ as the branch: cf. Zechariah 3:9 . Zechariah 4:10 and Revelation 5:6 . ...
Zechariah 4:1-3 present symbolically the divine light and order of the future kingdom. Zechariah 4:6-10 give the then state of the returned remnant, the Spirit with them, and the providential (not yet direct) government of God for them. Thus the prophet was to assure Zerubbabel that he would be able to finish the house that had been begun (Zechariah 4:7 ): this was also typical of the future: cf. Zechariah 6:12 . Zechariah 4:11-14 . ...
Zechariah 5:1-4 . Zechariah 5:5-11 . ...
Zechariah 6:1-8 introduce the administrative spirits of God's providential government connected with the four Gentile empires as horses: the red (Babylon), the black (Medes and Persians), the white (Greek), and the grisled and bay (Roman), the latter probably having two horses because of the double character of its government, relics of which exist in various forms until revived again before the Lord comes to reign. (Some translate 'strong,' as in the margin, instead of 'bay,' in Zechariah 6:3 and Zechariah 6:7 . The Hebrew is not the same as that translated 'bay' in Zechariah 1:8 margin. ) These are called "the four spirits of the heavens which go forth from standing before the Lord of all the earth" (Zechariah 6:5 ), because during the time of the Gentiles these nations are the instruments of God's providential governing power in the earth. Zechariah 6:6 probably refers to the battle of Actium (B. 31, the date of the establishment of the Roman empire), and Zechariah 6:8 to the fall of Babylon. ...
Zechariah 6:9-15 . Zechariah 1:2-6 . ...
Zechariah 7 . ...
Zechariah 8 . Israel and Judah are both embraced in the blessing, Zechariah 8:13 . Jeremiah 52:4,6 ; and Zechariah 7:5 . ...
Zechariah 9 , Zechariah 10 . Zechariah 9:3-8 had a partial fulfilment by the instrumentality of Alexander the Great. This is continued in Zechariah 10 , where again all Judah and Israel are included in the blessing. ...
Zechariah 11 treats of the rejection of the Messiah; its commencement is a great contrast to the end of Zechariah 10 . The stave BEAUTY is cut asunder, and He renounces His covenant with the nations (the peoples in Zechariah 11:10 ): cf. The true Shepherd having been refused, Jehovah speaks (Zechariah 11:15-17 ) of the false shepherd, Antichrist, thus passing over unnoticed the whole of the present period, which makes it evident that the church is not alluded to in Zechariah: cf. ...
Zechariah 12 . Zechariah 12:11 with 2 Chronicles 35:22-25 . ...
Zechariah 13:1-4 . Zechariah 13:5 . Zechariah 13:6 . Zechariah 13:7 . Zechariah 13:8,9 . Zechariah 6:10 . ...
Zechariah 14 announces the day of the Lord. The latter part of Zechariah 14:5 begins a sentence, Jehovah will come with all His saints. Zechariah 14:6 is obscure (see margin ), and the MSS differ: it may signify, "There shall not be light; the shining [1] shall be obscured
Zacher - Memorial, a son of Jehiel (1 Chronicles 8:31 ; 9:35 ); called (Zechariah 9:37 )
Zecher - (zee' chuhr) Form of Zechariah (1 Chronicles 9:37 ) used in 1 Chronicles 8:31
Iddo - 1 Chronicles 27:21 son of Zechariah, captain of the half tribe of Manasseh in Gilead, perh. Zechariah 1:1 ; Zechariah 1:7 , Ezra 5:1 ; Ezra 6:14 ( 1E Esther 6:1 Addo ) grandfather (father acc. ) of the prophet Zechariah; possibly of the same family as No
Tobiah, the Children of - Crowns were made of them by Zechariah (Zechariah 6:9-15), at Jehovah's direction, and set on the high priest Joshua's head, as type of Messiah the King Priest who harmonizes in Himself the conflicting claims of justice as the King and love as the Father and Priest (Ephesians 2:13-17; Ephesians 1:10). from the Jews from Babylon, typified the return of the dispersed Israelites from afar (Isaiah 60:9) to the King of the Jews at Jerusalem, and secondarily the conversion of the Gentiles "far off" (Acts 2:39; Ephesians 2:12-17; Isaiah 60:10; Isaiah 57:19; Zechariah 2:11; Zechariah 8:22-23)
Branch - From the vast importance of this word in Scripture, as it refers to the Lord Jesus Christ, it is marked by the prophet Zechariah in capitals. We find Christ spoken of, under the spirit of prophecy, by the Lord JEHOVAH, in this character by three of the prophets, Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Zechariah. (Isaiah 4:2 and Isaiah 11:1; Jeremiah 23:5 and Isaiah 33:15; Zechariah 3:8) The word Branch in the original is Netzer, which signifies, a city of plants. (See Matthew 2:23) The parallel passage in Zechariah 6:12 is to the same effect
Shimeites - (sshih' mee itess) Members of the clan descending from Shimei (Numbers 3:21 ; Zechariah 12:13 )
Jos'Edech - ( Haggai 1:1,12,14 ; 2:2,4 ; Zechariah 6:11 )
Dappled - The variegated grey color of the horses in the vision in Zechariah 6:3 ,Zechariah 6:3,6:6
Berechiah - Father of the prophet Zechariah ( Zechariah 1:1 )
Sheshbazzar - "Sheshbazzar laid the foundation of the house of God in Jerusalem" as Zechariah (Zechariah 4:9) foretold that Zerubbabel should do (compare Ezra 1:11 with Ezra 2:1-2)
Beth-Phage - Here it was that Christ fulfilled that remarkable prophecy of Zechariah. (Zechariah 9:9 with Matthew 21:4-5; Mark 11:1; Luke 19:28; John 12:14)...
id'do - (1 Chronicles 6:21 ) ...
Son of Zechariah, ruler of the tribe of Manasseh east of Jordan in the time of David. ) ...
The grandfather of the prophet Zechariah. (Zechariah 1:1,7 ) ...
The chief of those who assembled at Casiphia at the time of the second caravan from Babylon
Colt - ” The New Testament uses the reference in Zechariah 9:9 as a prediction of Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem ( Matthew 21:1 ; Mark 11:1 ; Luke 19:1 ; John 12:15 ). Zechariah apparently used parallelism, the basic structure of Hebrew poetry, to describe a rider on one young donkey. Matthew mentioned two animals, including both the ass and the colt from Zechariah as separate animals
Barachiah - is an account of the stoning of Zechariah the son of Jehoiada (LXX Septuagint B has ‘Azariah’ for ‘Zechariah,’ but Lagarde prints ‘Zechariah’) in the court of the house of the Lord. ) it is recorded that Nebuzaradan slew many Jews in order to quiet ‘the blood of Zechariah, who is called a prophet’ (Sanh. It seems natural, therefore, to suppose that the Zachariah of the Gospels is the Zechariah of 2 Chronicles. Abel’s was the first murder of a righteous man recorded in the OT, Zechariah’s the last (2 Chron. Zechariah when dying said, ‘The Lord look upon it and require it’ (2 Chronicles 24:22). ’s ‘son of Barachiah,’ when we should expect ‘son of Jehoiada’? In Isaiah 8:2 we read of Zechariah ‘son of Jeberechiah’ (the LXX Septuagint has ὑιόν βαραχίου), in Zechariah 1:1 of Zechariah the son of Berechiah the son of Iddo (LXX Septuagint, τὸν τοῦ Βαραχίου ὑιὸν Ἀδδώ). Further, there seems to have been a tendency to identify Zechariah son of Berechiah son of Iddo with Zechariah son of Jehoiada, for the Targum of Lamentations 3:20 calls the Zechariah of Chronicles ‘son of Iddo. the ‘priest and prophet’ applied to Zechariah son of Jehoiada in Sanh. ’ Or the ‘son of Barachiah’ might be an insertion on the part of the editor of the Gospel, either on the ground of Jewish tradition, or in remembrance of the two LXX Septuagint passages, Isaiah 8:2, Zechariah 1:1. The reckoning from Abel to Zechariah is Jewish in character, the ‘of Barachiah’ may be due to Jewish tradition, and the ‘between the temple and the altar’ is perhaps also due to current Jewish speculation or tradition. In the Jerusalem Talmud (Taanith 69a) the question is raised where Zechariah was killed, with the answer that it was in the court of the priests (cf
Hen - (rest ), probably a son of Zephaniah, and apparently the same who is called JOSIAH in (Zechariah 6:10 )
Hen - (rest ), probably a son of Zephaniah, and apparently the same who is called JOSIAH in (Zechariah 6:10 )
Walk to And Fro - KJV translation (Zechariah 1:10-11 ) of a military term meaning, “patrol” (NAS, NRSV) or “go and inspect” (TEV)
Azal - Zechariah 14:5
Amzi - Son of Zechariah
Chisleu - The ninth month of the Hebrews, beginning with the new moon of December, Nehemiah 1:1 ; Zechariah 7:1
Heldai - Man who returned from Exile in Babylon, apparently with a gift of silver and gold, which God told Zechariah to take and have made into a crown for Joshua, the high priest. (Zechariah 6:10 ). Zechariah 6:14 calls him Helem, which probably represents a copying change
Zerubbabel - He laid the foundations of the temple, Zechariah 4:6-10, and was chiefly instrumental in restoring the religious rites of the nation. Ezra 5:2; Haggai 1:12; Haggai 1:14; Haggai 2:2; Haggai 2:4; Zechariah 4:6; Zechariah 4:10
Jedaiah - The returning Exile may be same as one from whom the prophet Zechariah received gold and silver (Zechariah 6:10 ,Zechariah 6:10,6:14 )
Jeberechi'ah - (whom Jehovah blesses ), father of a certain Zechariah, in the reign of Ahaz, mentioned ( Isaiah 8:2 ) (B
Accuser - ) Luke 18:3; 1 Peter 5:8; Job 1:6; Revelation 12:10; Zechariah 3:1
he'Lem - (1 Chronicles 7:35 ) ...
A man mentioned only in (Zechariah 6:14 ) Apparently the same as Heldai
Berechiah - Father of Zechariah the prophet. Zechariah 1:1,7
Heldai - Heldai means "robust"; called also Helem (Zechariah 6:10; Zechariah 6:14)
Jedaiah - One of the exiles sent with gifts of gold and silver for the sanctuary at Jerusalem ( Zechariah 6:10 ; Zechariah 6:14 )
Berechi'ah - (1 Chronicles 15:17 ) [1] ...
Father of Zechariah. (Zechariah 1:1,7 )
Beb'a-i - 536), and at a later period twenty-eight more under Zechariah, son of Bebai, returned with Ezra. (Nehemiah 10:15 ) ...
Father of Zechariah, who was the leader of the twenty-eight men of his tribe mentioned above
Sherezer - One of the messengers whom the children of the Captivity sent to Jerusalem "to pray for them before the Lord" (Zechariah 7:2 )
Zechariah - Zechariah, the Book of: The book of Tanach containing Zechariah's prophecies, exhorting the Jews to serve G-d and foretelling the future redemption
Abi - Daughter of Zechariah; the witness perhaps taken by Isaiah (Isaiah 8:2)
Zerubbabel - Both Haggal and Zechariah point to Zerubbabel and the high priest Joshua as those who are to re-build the Temple ( Haggai 1:1-8 ; Haggai 2:9-18 , Zechariah 4:1-14 ); this was done, though after consideraable delay owing to enemies of the Jews; it was only after a special appeal had been made to Darius that the work was proceeded with unimpeded ( Ezra 6:1 ff. From Zechariah’s fourth ‘night-vision’ ( Zechariah 3:1 ff. Zechariah 3:8-10 ) we learn that Zerubbabel was looked upon as the coming Messiah; in this night-vision it is pointed out that Joshua and his fellows are a pledge and an earnest of the near approach of the Messiah the ‘Branch,’ as he is here called; the stone which is to adorn his crown is ready, and Jahweh Himself is about to engrave thereon a fitting inscription; when the Messiah comes, God will obliterate all guilt from the people, and peace shall rest upon the land (see Branch). Although Zerubbabel is not mentioned here by name, a comparison of the passages Zechariah 3:8-10 ; Zechariah 4:1-14 ; Zechariah 6:9-13 makes it reasonably certain that he is intended
Facets - NRSV, TEV translation of the Hebrew ayinim , meaning small plane surfaces, especially those on a cut gem (Zechariah 3:9 ). The eschatological spring or stream is well known in visions of the Temple (Joel 3:18 ; Ezekiel 47:1 ; Zechariah 13:1 ; Zechariah 14:8 ). Zechariah 3:9 , however, uses the masculine plural form rather than the feminine form used in other references to springs
Sheshbazzar - ), Ezra 2:2 ; Haggai 1:12,14 ; Zechariah 4:6,10
Heldai - ...
...
Zechariah 6:10 , one who returned from Babylon
Refiner - The process of refining metals is referred to by way of illustrations in Isaiah 1:25 ; Jeremiah 6:29 ; Zechariah 13:9 ; Malachi 3:2,3
Jabesh - Father of Shallum, who usurped the kingdom of Israel by the assassination of king Zechariah ( 2 Kings 15:10 ; 2 Kings 15:13-14 )
Zacher - Called Zechariah in 1 Chronicles 9:37 ; cf
Bay - ' Zechariah 6:3,7
Sebat - The eleventh month of the Hebrew year, extending from the new moon of February to that of March (Zechariah 1:7 )
Headstone - KJV term for a top stone (NAS) or capstone (NIV) at Zechariah 4:7 . Zerubbabel's vision of a capstone quarried from the mountaintop was interpreted as an assurance that he would see the Temple completed (Zechariah 4:8-9 )
Hadrach, the Land of - (Zechariah 9:1-2). Hengstenberg makes it a symbolical name of Persia, Zechariah thereby avoiding offence to the government under which he lived; from haad "strong", and raq "weak"; strong then, but soon to be weakened by Alexander its conqueror
Hananeel - It is mentioned also in Jeremiah 31:38 ; Zechariah 14:10
Jeberechiah - ” Father of Zechariah who served as witness for Isaiah (Isaiah 8:2 ; compare 2 Kings 18:2 )
Jeshua - His name occurs in the prophecies of the time, Haggai 1:1 2:2 Zechariah 3:1-10 6:11-15
Claw - In Daniel 4:33 ‘claw’ means a bird’s claw; but in Deuteronomy 14:6 and Zechariah 11:16 it has the obsolete meaning of an animal’s hoof
Zerubbabel - (Zechariah 4:6-7) The name seems to have been derived from Zer, stranger—and Babel, confusion
Azel - An unidentified site in the neighbourhood of Jerusalem ( Zechariah 14:5 )
Regem Melech - ("the king's official") (Zechariah 7:2). Sent by Jews of the country (Zechariah 7:5) to "the house of God" (Βethel ) or congregation at Jerusalem. Beth-el is here used for Beth-Jehovah; the religious authorities, not "the house of Jehovah" (named in Zechariah 7:3), are meant. The temple was not actually completed until two years later (Ezra 6:15 with Zechariah 7:1). But the congregation, headed by their priests, was "the house of God," paving the way for the spiritual New Testament "house of God" (Hebrews 3:6; Zechariah 3:7; Hosea 8:1)
Hood - Rendered "diadem," Job 29:14 ; high priest's "mitre," Zechariah 3:5 ; "royal diadem," Isaiah 62:3
Bell - (See also Zechariah 14:20)
Sebat - See Zechariah 1:7
Regem-Melech - Friend of the king, one of the two messengers sent by the exiled Jews to Jerusalem in the time of Darius (Zechariah 7:2 ) to make inquiries at the temple
Benjamin, Gate of - Jeremiah 20:2 ; Jeremiah 37:13 ; Jeremiah 38:7 ; Zechariah 14:10
Shebat - The fifth month of the Jewish civil year, and the eleventh of the ecclesiastical year, from the new moon of February to that of March, Zechariah 1:7
Zechariah, Theology of - The book of Zechariah falls naturally into two parts: chapters 1-8,9-14. Zechariah wrote the first eight chapters, but perhaps chapters 9-14 stem from a later anonymous prophet. Many scholars also connect the second section of Zechariah with Malachi because Zechariah 9-11 , Zechariah 12-14 , and Malachi all begin with the word "oracle. " Alternately, some scholars argue that chapters 9-14 were composed by Zechariah, but at a later time in his life. At about the same time God inspired Zechariah to prophesy. Together Haggai and Zechariah joined in common cause to encourage Zerubbabel, the Davidic governor, and Joshua, the Zadokite high priest, to complete this important building project (Zechariah 4:9 ). The Book of Zechariah shows the importance of this world. Our government is not a theocracy as was that of Zechariah, so we may not be able to fashion our secular and pluralistic governments completely according to Christianity. With its emphasis on the temple, the prophecy of Zechariah also speaks to us about the importance of worship. God was pleased when the faithful would entreat his favor there (Zechariah 8:20-22 ). ...
Zechariah is still relevant for our time, though, because it highlights the necessity of obedience in worship. However, it is the Lord who blesses the farmer with showers in response to prayer (Zechariah 10:1-2 ). In Zechariah 3 we catch a glimpse of a heavenly tribunal in which Joshua, the high priest, stands accused by a figure known as "The Satan" or "The Adversary. As represented in Zechariah, he is not good, for he is rebuked (3:2). Nevertheless, Zechariah agrees with the New Testament that we should not be afraid of the enemy of our souls. Zechariah exhorts the Jews not to repeat the past. Zechariah highlights the importance of acting justly toward others and treating them with kindness and mercy. ...
There is also a warning not to mistreat God's chosen people, the Jews, for they are "the apple of his eye" (Zechariah 2:8 ). Zechariah anticipated the day when the door of salvation would be opened to non-Jews. This inclusiveness theme is not unique to Zechariah. Those foreigners who responded partly fulfilled Zechariah's prophecy. Zechariah teaches us not to rely on our own strength, for God accomplishes his will through the Spirit (4:6). Zechariah contributes to the development of messianism in the Old Testament. Zechariah focused his attention on Zerubbabel, the Branch, or descendant of David, who would rebuild the temple (3:8; 4:9; 6:12-13). However, in spite of the fact that crowns are mentioned, only Joshua the priest is crowned (Zechariah 6:11 ). There are hints of restoration of the monarchy—"royal honor" and "throne" (Zechariah 6:13 )but nothing comes to fruition. ...
Zechariah's prophecy was fulfilled because Zerubbabel did complete the temple. The second part of Zechariah announces the universal peaceable domain of a humble human king (9:9-10). Zechariah 14:1-9 also testifies that the Lord himself will come to earth to reign over all. In that day, Jesus will descend to the Mount of Olives (Zechariah 14:4 ; Acts 1:11 ) in the same way that he ascended, bringing his heavenly host with him (Zechariah 14:5 ; Matthew 25:31 ). ...
The two olive trees, or anointed ones, in the Book of Zechariah are clearly Joshua and Zerubbabel (4:3,11-14). The New Testament quotes Zechariah seventy-one times. The second half of Zechariah is the source of the more familiar passages cited in the New Testament. For example, Jesus' triumphant entry into Jerusalem on a donkey shows that he is the king whom the prophet foretold (Zechariah 9:9-10 ; Matthew 21:4-5 ; John 12:14-15 ). Matthew 27:9 , which mentions Jeremiah but is a quote from Zechariah 11:12-13 ). Zechariah 13:7 says, "Strike the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered. A double fulfillment is recorded for Zechariah 12:10 , which predicts mourning for a pierced one by those who pierced him: first, when Jesus' side was pierced on the cross (John 19:34-37 ), and second, when Jesus returns at the end of time (Revelation 1:7 ). Baldwin, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi ; R. Coggins, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi ; P. Mason, The Books of Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi ; C. Meyers, Haggai, Zechariah 1-8; D. Petersen, Haggai and Zechariah 1-8; R
Askelon - Richardson thus describes its present state: "Askelon was one of the proudest satrapies of the Philistines; now there is not an inhabitant within its walls; and the prophecy of Zechariah is fulfilled: The king shall perish from Gaza, and Askelon shall not be inhabited'" Zechariah 9:5
Zephaniah - The father of one Josiah in Babylon ( Zechariah 6:10 ; Zechariah 6:14 )
Great Sea - " Joel 2:20; Zechariah 14:8
Chisleu - See Nehemiah 1:1 ; Zechariah 7:1
Horse - In the early part of Zechariah the prophet had visions of horses of different colours, they are called spirits of the heavens, and as such they acted in the four great Gentile empires described by Daniel. When these are further spoken of, the red horses are not named, for the Chaldean empire had passed away when Zechariah saw the vision. Zechariah 1:8 ; Zechariah 6:1-7
Accuser, the, - Zechariah 3:1
a'Zal, - a name only occurring in (Zechariah 14:5 ) It is mentioned as the limit to which the ravine of the Mount of Olives will extend when "Jehovah shall go forth to fight
Elizabeth - Both Zechariah and Elizabeth, the parents of John the Baptist, belonged to the vast priestly family descended from Aaron (Luke 1:5). For some time Zechariah and Elizabeth were unable to have children, but in answer to their prayers (for they were godly people) God promised them a son. Elizabeth and Zechariah knew that their child was to become the forerunner of the Messiah (Luke 1:13-17)
Defenced - ]'>[1] of fortified cities, and once ( Zechariah 11:2 marg
Hel'da-i - (Zechariah 6:10 ) (B
Chisleu - The name adopted from the Babylonians by the Jews after the Captivity for the third civil, or ninth ecclesiastical, month (Nehemiah 1:1 ; Zechariah 7:1 )
Horse - ...
The horses in Zechariah 1,6 probably represent great movements wrought by GOD in dealing with men. ...
Zechariah 6:2 (b) The red horse - a type of the destructive power of war. ...
Zechariah 6:3 (b) The black horse - represents world-wide famine which naturally follows great wars both international and internal. ...
Zechariah 6:3 (b) Bay horse - probably represents the scourge of pestilence and disease which follows upon the famine that follows the war. ...
Zechariah 6:3 (b) The white horse - probably represents a man-made peace which will be forced upon the world by the antichrist under the guise of religion and righteousness
Darius - Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Haggai 1:1; Haggai 1:15; Zechariah 1:1; Zechariah 1:7; Zechariah 7:1. It may, however, have been used before it was entirely completed, as is inferred from Zechariah 7:2; Zechariah 3:3
Branch - Zerubbabel was a descendant of David in the royal line that eventually produced Jesus the Messiah (Haggai 2:21-23; Zechariah 3:8-10; Zechariah 6:11-13; Matthew 1:12-16; see ZERUBBABEL)
Arrow - (See Zechariah 9:14; Job 6:4; Psalms 38:7; Hebrews 4:12)...
Shinar - A level region of indefinite extent around Babylon and the junction of the Euphrates and Tigris, Genesis 10:10 11:2 14:1 Joshua 7:21 Isaiah 11:11 Daniel 1:2 Zechariah 5:11
Azal - (Zechariah 14:5 ) should perhaps be rendered "very near" = "the way of escape shall be made easy
Measuring Line - References to a measuring line point to the restoration of Jerusalem (Jeremiah 31:39 ; Zechariah 2:1 ; compare Ezekiel 47:3 )
Malachi - A contemporary of Zechariah and Haggai, the last of the prophets
Sceptre - A "rod" or decorated staff, sometimes six feet long, borne by kings and magistrates as a symbol of authority, Genesis 49:10 Numbers 24:17 Esther 4:11 5:2 Isaiah 14:5 Zechariah 10:11
Festal Garments, Festal Robes - The Hebrew expressions underlying “festal garments” mean a change of clothing (Genesis 45:22 ; Judges 14:12-13 ,Judges 14:12-13,14:19 ; 2Kings 5:5,2 Kings 5:22-23 ); the term underlying “festal robes” means clean, pure, or white clothing (Isaiah 3:22 ; Zechariah 3:4 ). The reference in Zechariah 3:4 is either to the high priest's robes (perhaps the special robes reserved for the Day of Atonement, Zechariah 3:9 ) which represent the restoration of the priesthood or a simple reference to clean robes as a symbol of Joshua's innocence of any charges (symbolized by the filthy rags)
Black - Often used to denote the color of physical objects: hair (Leviticus 13:31 ,Leviticus 13:31,13:37 ; Song of Song of Solomon 5:11 ), skin (Job 30:30 ; Song of Song of Solomon 1:5-6 ; Lamentations 4:8 ), the sky as a sign of rain (1 Kings 18:45 ), and animals (Genesis 30:32-43 ; Zechariah 6:2 ,Zechariah 6:2,6:6 ; Revelation 6:5 )
Exactor - Most often the KJV translated the underlying Hebrew word as oppressor (Job 3:18 ; Isaiah 3:12 ; Isaiah 9:3 ; Isaiah 14:2 ,Isaiah 14:2,14:4 ; Zechariah 9:8 ; Zechariah 10:4 )
Branch - See also Zechariah 3:8 ; Zechariah 6:12 ; Jeremiah 23:5 ; Jeremiah 33:15
Azekah - ...
Later tradition connected Azekah with the tomb of the prophet Zechariah and then with Zechariah the father of John the Baptist, to whom a large church was dedicated. calls Azekah, “Beth Zechariah,” or “house of Zechariah” and pictures a large church there
Hadadrimmon - The lamentation over this event was very great, Zechariah 12:11
Jealousy - Suspicion of a wife's purity, one of the strongest passions (Numbers 5:14 ; Proverbs 6:34 ; Song of Solomon 8:6 ); also an intense interest for another's honour or prosperity (Psalm 79:5 ; 1 Corinthians 10:22 ; Zechariah 1:14 )
Zechariah - Zechariah, son of Jehoiada, high priest of the Jews; probably the same as Azariah, 1 Chronicles 6:10-11 . Zechariah, the eleventh of the twelve lesser prophets, was the son of Barachiah, and the grandson of Iddo. Like his contemporary Haggai, Zechariah begins with exhorting the Jews to proceed in the rebuilding of the temple; he promises them the aid and protection of God, and assures them of the speedy increase and prosperity of Jerusalem; he then emblematically describes the four great empires, and foretels the glory of the Christian church when Jews and Gentiles shall be united under their great High Priest and Governor, Jesus Christ, of whom Joshua the high priest, and Zerubbabel the governor, were types; he predicts many particulars relative to our Saviour and his kingdom, and to the future condition of the Jews. Several learned men have been of opinion that the last six chapters were not written by Zechariah; but whoever wrote them, their inspired authority is established by their being quoted in three of the Gospels, Matthew 26:31 ; Mark 14:27 ; John 19:37 . The style of Zechariah is so remarkably similar to that of Jeremiah, that the Jews were accustomed to observe, that the spirit of Jeremiah had passed into him
Megiddon, Valley of - (mih' gihd' dahn) KJV term for plain of Megiddo, the broad portion of the Jezreel Valley in the vicinity of Megiddo (Zechariah 12:11 )
Tobijah - " Zechariah 6:10,14
Adamant, - Ezekiel 3:9 ; Zechariah 7:12
Zephaniah - Father of Josiah and Hen (Zechariah 6:10 ,Zechariah 6:10,6:14 ), possibly identical with 2
Branch - And the same exalted personage is again predicted, Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12, the branch that shall grow and flourish, and become glorious, and endure for ever
Iddo - Grandfather of Zechariah (Zechariah 1:1; Zechariah 1:7; Ezra 5:1; Ezra 6:14, "son" here means grandson)
Heman - A son (or clan) of Zerah of the tribe of Judah ( 1 Chronicles 2:6 ), probably also alluded to in the title of Psalms 88:1-18 as Heman the Ezrahite, Ezrah being another form of Zechariah 3 Zechariah 3 Zechariah 3
Iddo - Grandfather of Zechariah, the prophet (Zechariah 1:1 ,Zechariah 1:1,1:7 with different Hebrew spellings). Ezra 5:1 ; Ezra 6:14 put Zechariah as Iddo's son, using “son” to mean descendant, as often in Hebrew
Zerubbabel - Under the urging of Haggai (Haggai 1:1 ,Haggai 1:1,1:12-15 ; Haggai 2:1 ,Haggai 2:1,2:20 ) and Zechariah (Zechariah 4:6-10 ), Zerubabel, now governor (Haggai 1:1 ) in place of Sheshbazzar (Ezra 5:14 ), resume the task (Ezra 5:1-2 ), completed in 515 B. Zechariah 6:9-14 may reflect the wish to crown Zerubbabel, but his fate remains unknown. See Babylon ; Israel ; Zechariah
Firebrand - Isaiah 7:4 , Amos 4:11 , Zechariah 3:2 , denotes the burnt end of a stick (Heb
Beth-Ezel - According to some it is = Azel of Zechariah 14:5
Chaggai - ...
Chaggai: (4th century BCE) A contemporary of Zechariah and Malachi, the last of the prophets; member of the Great Assembly; urged the Jews to build the Second Temple
Haggai - (4th century BCE) A contemporary of Zechariah and Malachi, the last of the prophets; member of the Great Assembly; urged the Jews to build the Second Temple
Pomp - , Habakkuk 2:18 ; 3:10 ; Zechariah 10:1
Mufflers - The word is raal, which is translated 'trembling' in Zechariah 12:2
Joiarib - Son of Zechariah, the son of Shiloni
Zacharias - (zak uhr i' uhss) Greek form of Hebrew personal name Zechariah, meaning, “Yah remembered. See Zechariah
Whirlwind - The prophets used the stormwind as a figure for judgment (Isaiah 5:28 ; Jeremiah 4:13 ; Hosea 8:7 ; Amos 1:14 ; Zechariah 7:14 ). God comes to deliver His people riding the stormy winds (Zechariah 9:14 )
Potter's Field - " Nothing is found in Jeremiah corresponding to the words quoted; but there is something similar in Zechariah 11:12,13 . Zechariah is quoted in the N
Jeshua - This came after Jeshua followed the prophetic preaching of Zechariah and Haggai and renewed efforts to rebuild the Temple (Ezra 5:2-6:15 ; Haggai 1:1 , Haggai 1:12-14 ; Haggai 2:4 ), finally finishing in 515 B. Zechariah had a vision featuring Jeshua in which God announced the full cleansing of the high priest, preparing him to lead in the atonement rites for the people and pointing to the day when Messiah would come and provide complete and eternal atonement for God's people (Zechariah 3:1 ). Jeshua was apparently one of the two anointed ones of Zechariah's vision (Zechariah 4:14 ; compare Zechariah 6:12-13 )
Adamant - It is also employed figuratively, Ezekiel 3:9 ; Zechariah 7:12
Adamant - It is an emblem of firmness in resisting adversaries of the truth (Zechariah 7:12 ), and of hard-heartedness against the truth (Jeremiah 17:1 )
Hadad-Rimmon - It was in the valley of Megiddo, Zechariah 12:11, and the scene of a great lamentation over the death of Josiah
North Country, Land of the North - The source or region from which dangerous foes were to come upon Palestine (so in Jeremiah 6:22 ; Jeremiah 10:22 , Zechariah 6:6 ; Zechariah 6:8 ). The regions to which the people of Israel or Judah had been exiled, and whence they were to be restored (so in Jeremiah 3:18 ; Jeremiah 16:16 ; Jeremiah 23:8 ; Jeremiah 31:8 , Zechariah 2:6 )
Ekron - Like the other Philistine cities, it is made the subject of denunciation by Jeremiah, Amos, Zephaniah, and the anonymous prophet whose writing occupies Zechariah 9:1-17 ; Zechariah 10:1-12 ; Zechariah 11:1-17
Zechariah, Book of - Zechariah, BOOK OF . The first eight chapters contain the genuine prophecies of Zechariah. They are generally regarded as anonymous prophecies which became attached to the original book, and are often spoken of as Deutero-Zechariah. According to Ezra ( Ezra 5:1 ; Ezra 6:14 ), the prophets Haggai and Zechariah roused Zerubbabel and Joshua to build the Temple, and the work went forward prosperously through their prophesying. The first message ( Zechariah 1:1-5 ) is placed two months after the first address of Haggai, between the second and third. The section Zechariah 1:7 to Zechariah 6:15 is two months later than the last addresses of Haggai, while chs. The book opens with an exhortation to return unto Jehovah ( Zechariah 1:1-6 ), based upon the sad experience of the fathers who had not heeded the word of the prophets to return from their evil ways. The main body of the book (Zechariah 1:7 to Zechariah 6:15 ) is made up of a series of eight visions and a symbolic action, after the manner of Ezekiel. In the first ( Zechariah 1:7-17 ) the prophet aees at night, in a myrtle-shaded glen, four horsemen whom the angel that talks with him designates as the messengers of Jehovah. The second vision ( Zechariah 1:18-21 ) is of four horns the nations which have scattered the holy people and four smiths, who are to cast them down. Next, the prophet sees ( Zechariah 2:1-5 ) the future Jerusalem spread far and wide beyond the limits of her old walls, with Jehovah as a wall of fire round about her. Probably the promise to Zerubbabel ( Zechariah 4:6-10 a) should be transferred to the end of the chapter; then confusion disappears, and the seven lamps are interpreted as the eyes of Jehovah which run to and fro through the earth. 7, 8), Zechariah is led by a question concerning fasting to teach that the fasts which have been kept in the years of exile are to be changed into joyous feasts. With glorious promises for the peace and prosperity of Jerusalem, with the nations coming to seek Jehovah, the original Book of Zechariah closes. The historical importance of Zechariah in connection with the re-building of the Temple has already been noted. Zechariah has a large measure of the spirit of the early ethical prophets. The centring of hope in prince and priest, with the consciousness that the great era of prophecy is past, sharply distinguishes Zechariah from his pre-exilic predecessors. Zechariah loves, rather, to dwell upon peace and prosperity, upon sin removed, and the Divine spirit inflowing. Zechariah not only strove to get the Temple built, but also urged upon the builders those moral and spiritual truths without which the Temple and its worship would be hollow mockery. At about the same time, the view that 9 14 were really later than Zechariah was advocated. During the 19th century, each of the three general conclusions (1) that the entire book is the work of Zechariah; (2) that 9 14 are pre-exilic; (3) that 9 14 are post-Zecharian found many advocates. The title ‘burden of the word of Jehovah’ is very unusual, occurring elsewhere only in Zechariah 12:1 and Malachi 1:1 . It is evident that the closing oracle of this collection appended to Zechariah carries us far into ‘the night of legalism
Jehosheba - Zechariah, Jehoiada's successor, one of them, was afterward slain, a martyr for the truth. (See Zechariah
Berechiah - Father of the prophet Zechariah (Zechariah 1:1 ; Matthew 23:35 )
Branch, the - Isaiah 4:2 ; Jeremiah 23:5 ; Jeremiah 33:15 ; Zechariah 3:8 ; Zechariah 6:12,13
Sack, Sackcloth - Zechariah says, Zechariah 13:4 , that false prophets should no longer prophesy in sackcloth, (English translation, a rough garment,) to deceive the simple
Swelling - (Comp 49:19; 50:44; Zechariah 11:3 )
Battle-Bow - The war-bow used in fighting (Zechariah 9:10 ; 10:4 )
Carving - (Exodus 28:9-36 ; 2 Chronicles 2:7,14 ; Zechariah 3:9 )
Men of the great assembly - A panel of 120 prophets and sages--including Ezra, Nehemiah, Mordecai, Daniel, Simeon the Righteous and the prophets Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi--which constituted the ultimate religious authority at the onset of the Second Temple Era (4th century BCE)
Jozacar - Jozacar and Zechariah have the same meaning, ‘Jahweb remembers
Refine (And Forms) - Zechariah 13:9 (a) This beautiful type represents the living GOD dealing with His people and cleansing them from evil ways
Regemmelech - One of the men sent to the house of God to enquire about the days of the fast, Zechariah 7:2
Sharezer - A delegate sent to Jerusalem with Regemmelec and others, probably soon after the return from the Babylonish captivity, to inquire of the priests at Jerusalem whether a certain fast was still to be observed, Zechariah 7:2 ; 8:19
Anshei knesset hagdolah - A panel of 120 prophets and sages--including Ezra, Nehemiah, Mordecai, Daniel, Simeon the Righteous and the prophets Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi--which constituted the ultimate religious authority at the onset of the Second Temple Era (4th century BCE)
Josedech - Haggai 1:1,12,14 ; Haggai 2:2,4 ; Zechariah 6:11
Branch - “Branch” or “shoot” is often used as a symbol for a present or coming king of Israel (Isaiah 11:1 ; Jeremiah 23:5 ; Jeremiah 33:15 ; Zechariah 3:8 ; Zechariah 6:12 )
Earthquake - (Zechariah 14:5 ) From (Zechariah 14:4 ) we are led to infer that a great convulsion took place at this time in the Mount of Olives, the mountain being split so as to leave a valley between its summit
Darius - During the reign of Darius Hystaspes the prophets Haggai and Zechariah aroused the Jews from their spiritual laziness, with the result that the temple in Jerusalem was rebuilt (Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:15; Haggai 1:1; Zechariah 1:1; see EZRA; PERSIA)
Pit - Jeremiah 2:13; Psalms 40:2; Zechariah 9:11
Berechiah - ...
...
The father of the prophet (Zechariah 1:1,7 )
Lightning - Thunder and lightning are spoken of as tokens of God's wrath (2 Samuel 22:15 ; Job 28:26 ; 37:4 ; Psalm 135:7 ; 144:6 ; Zechariah 9:14 )
Hearth - kiyor (Zechariah 12:6 ; RSV, "pan"), a fire-pan
Bethezel - There was an Azal near Jerusalem (Zechariah 14:5) (See ZAANAN
Azal - (Zechariah 14:5
Bell - The "bells of the horses" mentioned by (Zechariah 14:20 ) were attached to the bridles or belts round the necks of horses trained for war, so as to accustom them to noise and tumult
Offices of Christ - A king to reign in, and rule over them, Zechariah 11:9
Mule - However, this is not the donkey used in Zechariah 9:9 and Matthew 21:5 for Jesus' entry to Jerusalem
Tobiah - Zechariah used him as a witness for his crowning of Joshua, the high priest, and to preserve the crowns in the Temple (Zechariah 6:9-14 )
Nails - Ecclesiastes 12:11 ; Zechariah 10:4 . Zechariah 13:6
Dari'us - Ezra 4:5,24 ; Ezra 5:5-7 ; Ezra 6:1-15 ; Haggai 1:1,15 ; Haggai 2:10 ; Zechariah 1:1,7 ; Zechariah 7:1
Corner, Corner-Stone - Examples will be found in the ideas associated with the corners of the altar ( Zechariah 9:15 ), usually termed the ‘horns’ (Altar, § 7 ), the unreaped corners of the field ( Leviticus 19:9 ; Agriculture, § 3 ), the corners of the beard and head-hair ( Leviticus 19:27 ) and of the upper garment or cloak (Fringes). ]'>[5] , Zechariah 10:4 ). the head stone of Zechariah 4:7 , which is different from the ‘foundation’ of Zechariah 4:9 )
Zechariah - Zechariah is the eleventh of the minor prophets. He returned from Babylon with Zerubbabel, and began to prophesy while yet young, Zechariah 2:4 , in the second year of Darius son of Hystaspes, B. ...
Zechariah's prophecies concerning the Messiah are more particular and express than those of most other prophets, and many of them, like those of Daniel, are couched in symbols. Zechariah 7:1-14 relates to commemorative observances. Zechariah 9:1-11:17 predict the prosperity of Judah during the times of the Maccabees, together with the fate of Persia and other adjacent kingdoms
Hadrach - The name of a country (Zechariah 9:1 ) which cannot be identified
Swim - to swim" (compare Zechariah 5:3) the swimmer beating down with his hands, i
Risled - Zechariah 6:3 (b) It is quite evident that these horses of various colors represent various types of GOD's curse and judgment
Gareb - (See Ezekiel 40:1-49 etc Zechariah 2:1-13 etc
Lead, - Numbers 31:22 ; Job 19:24 ; Jeremiah 6:29 ; Ezekiel 22:18,20 ; Ezekiel 27:12 ; Zechariah 5:7,8
Refiner - has ' finer '); Isaiah 48:10 ; Zechariah 13:9 ; Malachi 3:2,3
pu'Rosh - ( Ezra 2:3 ; Nehemiah 7:8 ) Another detachment of 150 males, with Zechariah at their head, accompanied Ezra
Jahaziel - ...
...
The son of Zechariah, a Levite of the family of Asaph (2 Chronicles 20:14-17 )
Colours - White as the colour of snow in Isaiah 1:18 , of the teeth described as milk-white ( Genesis 49:12 ), and of horses ( Zechariah 1:8 ; Zechariah 6:3 ; Zechariah 6:6 ); also of wool ( Revelation 1:14 ) the prevailing colour of the Palestinian sheep being white (see Song of Solomon 4:2 ; Song of Solomon 6:6 ) and of garments ( Ecclesiastes 9:8 , Mark 9:3 ). ‘grey,’ from French gris ) apparently means black with white spots ( Genesis 31:10 , Zechariah 6:3 ; Zechariah 6:6 ; Zechariah 6:1-15 below). Black is the colour of hair ( Song of Solomon 5:11 ‘black as a raven’), of horses ( Zechariah 6:2 ; Zechariah 6:6 , Revelation 6:5 ), and of ink ( 2 Corinthians 3:3 ). The same word is used of the reddish-brown colour of the ‘red heifer’ of Numbers 19:1-22 , and of the chestnut horse of Zechariah’s vision ( Numbers 1:8 , AV [6] bay ; in Zechariah 6:3 EV [8] perh
Zechariah - Zechariah was probably, like Ezekiel, priest as well as prophet, Iddo being the priest who returned with Zerubbabel and Joshua from Babylon (Nehemiah 12:4; Nehemiah 12:16). His priestly birth suits the sacerdotal character of his prophecies (Zechariah 6:13). Zechariah began prophesying in youth (Zechariah 2:4), "this young man. ), Zechariah first prophesied with Haggai (who began two months earlier) in support of Zerubbabel and Shealtiel in the building of the temple, which had been suspended under Pseudo-Smerdis Artaxerxes (Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:1-2; Ezra 6:14). The two, "Haggai the prophet and Zechariah the son of Iddo" the priest prophet, according to a probable tradition composed psalms for the liturgy of the temple: Psalms 137; 146 to 148, according to Septuagint; Psalm 125, 126 (See NEHEMIAH) according to the Peshito; Psalm 111 according to Vulgate. (See Zechariah, BOOK OF. Representing Iddo the priest's family, in the time of Joiakim, son of Jeshua (Nehemiah 12:16); probably the same as Zechariah the prophet, son (descendant) of Iddo. ) As Isaiah, in order to enforce upon Ahaz' attention the truth symbolized, namely, that Assyria whom Ahaz trusted would soon prey upon Judah, chose one witness from the king's bosom friends, so it is likely Zechariah the other witness was also a bosom friend of Ahaz. ...
Now 2 Kings 18 informs us that the mother of Hezekiah, son of Ahaz, was Abi daughter of Zechariah; hence it appears Ahaz was Zechariah's son in law; Isaiah naturally chose him as the other of the two witnesses
Hiss - (Zechariah 10:8 ) speaks of the Lord gathering the house of Judah as it were with a hiss: "I will hiss for them
Pipe - Zechariah 4:12 (c) We may take this to be a symbol of the ministering Christian who, by faith and prayer, is joined with the resources of Heaven
Hadrach - A place in Syria mentioned in Zechariah 9:1 as being, at the time of the writing of that passage, confederate with Damascus
Adamant, - the translation of the Hebrew word Shamir in ( Ezekiel 3:9 ) and Zechariah 7:12 In ( Jeremiah 17:1 ) it is translated "diamond
Adamant - This word is found twice in our version, Ezekiel 3:9; Zechariah 7:12, in both eases used metaphorically to signify firmness of character and purpose
Iddo - Several other persons of this name are mentioned in Scripture, 1 Chronicles 27:21 Ezra 10:44 Zechariah 1:1
Zechariah - Zechariah (zĕk'a-rî'ah), Jehovah remembers. ...
The Book of Zechariah consists of two divisions: I. Besides the prophet, 27 other persons of the name Zechariah are mentioned in' Scripture
Olives, Mount of - Zechariah described how the Mount of Olives would move to form a huge valley on the Day of the Lord (Zechariah 14:3-5 )
Pottery - As Isaiah 40:3 and Malachi 3:1 are thrown together in Mark 1:2-3; also Isaiah 62:11 and Zechariah 9:9 in Matthew 21:4-5; and Isaiah 8:14; Isaiah 28:16 in Romans 9:33; so Jeremiah 18:3-6; Jeremiah 18:19, and Zechariah 11:12-13 in Matthew 27:9. Matthew presumes his reader's full knowledge of Scripture, and merges the two human sacred writers, Jeremiah and Zechariah, in the one voice of the Holy Spirit speaking by them. In Matthew and Zechariah alike, the Lord's representative, Israel's Shepherd, has a paltry price set upon Him by the people; the transaction is done deliberately by men connected with the house of Jehovah; the money is given to the potter, marking the perpetrators' baseness, guilt, and doom, and the hand of the Lord overrules it all, the Jewish rulers while following their own aims unconsciously fulfilling Jehovah's "appointment
Joshua the Son of Jehozadak - ...
Sixteen years later God raised up the prophets Haggai and Zechariah to stir up Zerubbabel, Joshua and the people to get to work once more on the temple (Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:1-2; Haggai 1:1-11). The ceremony emphasized that the joint rule of Joshua and Zerubbabel, the priest and the prince, foreshadowed the rule of the priest-king Messiah (Zechariah 6:9-14). ...
Dealing with sin...
In a vision that the prophet Zechariah saw, Joshua the high priest was standing before God in dirty garments. By clothing Joshua in clean garments, God showed that he had forgiven and cleansed his people (Zechariah 3)
Zechariah - Zechariah therefore, seemed to intimate the hope, that the person so called should be remembered of the Lord
Towers - Of Babel (Genesis 11:4 ), Edar (Genesis 35:21 ), Penuel (Judges 8:9,17 ), Shechem (9:46), David (Song of Solomon 4:4 ), Lebanon (7:4), Syene (Ezekiel 29:10 ), Hananeel (Zechariah 14:10 ), Siloam (Luke 13:4 )
Zephaniah - Zechariah 6:10,14
Pieces of Gold - ) The 30 pieces paid to Judas were "shekels," the price of a slave's life (Exodus 21:32), Exodus 21:3 British pounds or 4 British pounds: Zechariah 11:12-13
West - mebo hashshemesh, from the 'going down of the sun,' only in Joshua 23:4 ; Zechariah 8:7
Capstone - The expression is used twice in the Old Testament (Psalm 118:22 ; Zechariah 4:7 ). In Zechariah 4:7 it is clearly the capstone of the temple that is in view. ...
So the Zechariah 4:7 passage is clearly "capstone" but the remainder are probably best taken as "cornerstone, " with the point being that Jesus was rejected by the ones who ought to have known him (builders = Jewish leadership), but God has exalted him to be the chief stone above all, the very head of the corner, on which all else depends
Branch - words rendered by our ‘branch’ may be gathered from the following list of passages, in each of which a different term is used: Genesis 40:10 , Exodus 25:33 , Numbers 13:23 , Isaiah 16:8 ; Isaiah 27:10 , Jeremiah 11:16 , Zechariah 4:12 , Psalms 104:12 , Job 15:32 ; Job 18:16 . Zechariah 3:8 ; Zechariah 6:12 , following Jeremiah, actually makes Tsemach a proper name
Meekness - The cultivation of this spirit is enjoined (Colossians 3:12 ; 1 Timothy 6:11 ; Zephaniah 2:3 ), and is exemplified in Christ (Matthew 11:29 ), Abraham (Genesis 13 ; 16:5,6 ) Moses (Numbers 12:3 ), David (Zechariah 12:8 ; 2 Samuel 16:10,12 ), and Paul (1 Corinthians 9:19 )
Jehozadak - (Haggai 1:1 ; Zechariah 6:11 )
Azel - Unclear word in Hebrew text of Zechariah 14:5 which may be a place name, perhaps near Jerusalem, or a preposition meaning “near to,” “beside,” or a noun meaning, “the side
Camel's Hair - Wearing a hairy mantle was the mark of a prophet (Zechariah 13:4 ; compare 2 Kings 1:8 )
Fray - verb is found in Zechariah 1:21 and 1Ma 14:12 (‘every man sat under his vine and his fig tree, and there was none to fray them’); and ‘fray away’ occurs in Deuteronomy 28:26 , Jeremiah 7:33 , Sir 22:20 (‘whoso casteth a stone at the birds frayeth them away’)
Brand - Zechariah 3:2 (a) The word represents something that is to be burned, not a seal to be placed upon an object
Carve - They were practised in connection with the construction of the tabernacle and the temple (Exodus 31:2,5 ; 35:33 ; 1 Kings 6:18,35 ; Psalm 74:6 ), as well as in the ornamentation of the priestly dresses (Exodus 28:9-36 ; Zechariah 3:9 ; 2 Chronicles 2:7,14 )
Apocalyptic Literature - ...
The Old Testament books of Ezekiel, Daniel and Zechariah (also Isaiah Chapters 24-27) show some of the apocalyptic features that began to develop in the later prophetical writings. The visions had symbolic meaning and were often interpreted by angels (Ezekiel 40:2-4; Daniel 8:15-19; Zechariah 1:9; Zechariah 1:19; Zechariah 5:5-6; Revelation 21:9; Revelation 21:15). ...
In contrast to the prophets, who said, ‘This is what God said to me’, the apocalyptists said, ‘This is what God showed me’ (Jeremiah 7:1-3; Jeremiah 23:18 with Zechariah 1:20; Revelation 4:1). And those words made spiritual demands upon people (Ezekiel 11:1-12; Ezekiel 33:30-33; Zechariah 1:1-6; Zechariah 3:1; Revelation 1:3; Revelation 2:1-7; Revelation 22:1-4; Revelation 22:7; Revelation 22:18)
Stork - STORK ( chăs îdâh , Leviticus 11:19 , Deuteronomy 14:18 , Job 39:13 , Psalms 104:17 , Jeremiah 8:7 , Zechariah 5:9 ). No doubt this powerful flight caused its wings to be noted ( Job 39:13 , Zechariah 5:8 )
Sea - THE MEDITERRANEAN,under the names of 'the great sea,' Numbers 34:6,7 ; Ezekiel 48:28 ; 'the uttermost sea,' or 'the hinder sea,' Deuteronomy 11:24 ; Zechariah 14:8 ; 'the sea of Joppa,' Ezra 3:7 ; 'sea of the Philistines,' Exodus 23:31 . THE SALT SEA,Numbers 34:3,12 ; also called 'the east sea,' Ezekiel 47 :18; Joel 2:20 ; 'the former sea,' Zechariah 14:8 ; 'the sea of the plain,' Deuteronomy 3:17 ; Joshua 3:16 ; Joshua 12:3 ; 2 Kings 14:25
Sackcloth - Zechariah says that false prophets shall no longer prophesy in sackcloth, to deceive the simple, Zechariah 13:4
Zachari'as - (Greek form of Zechariah ). Many of the Greek fathers have maintained that the father of John the Baptist is the person to whom our Lord alludes but there can be little or no doubt that the allusion is to Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada, (2 Chronicles 24:20,21 ) and he may have been called "the son" of Barachias from his grandfather
Hadad-Rimmon - Zechariah 12:11 describes the tragedy of the day of the Lord, including weeping and mourning in the Valley of Megiddo for Jerusalem
Hananel - Jeremiah predicted its rebuilding in the day of the Lord to come (Jeremiah 31:38 ; compare Zechariah 14:10 )
Sheaf - The prophets used sheaves as figures of judgment (Jeremiah 9:22 ; Amos 2:13 ; Micah 4:12 ; Zechariah 12:6 )
Bowl - The reservoir for oil, from which pipes led to each lamp in Zechariah's vision of the candlestick, is called also by this name (Zechariah 4:2,3 ); so also are the vessels used for libations (Exodus 25:29 ; 37:16 )
Dayspring - in Jeremiah 23:5 ; Zechariah 6:12
Satan - In Job 1-2 ; Zechariah 3:2 ; and 1 Chronicles 21:1 the same term is translated as a proper name
Apple of the Eye - A figure of God’s care of His people ( Deuteronomy 32:10 , Psalms 17:8 , Zechariah 2:8 ), and of the preciousness of the Divine law ( Proverbs 7:2 )
Carpenter - Zechariah 1:20 (b) Here is an agency GOD uses to tear down or to build up His work among men
Jahaziel - Son of Zechariah, a Levite: the spirit of Jehovah came upon him to encourage Jehoshaphat against the Moabites
Lead (Metal) - Zechariah 5:7 (b) The ephah is a unit of measure
Ephah - Over the years the word ‘ephah’ became also the name of the container people used to measure the grain (Leviticus 19:36; Amos 8:5; Zechariah 5:6-9)
East Country - The East Country and West Country of Zechariah 8:7 refer to the whole world
Answer - Besides the common use of this word in the sense of to reply, it is very often used in the bible, following the Hebrew and Greek idioms, in the sense of to speak; meaning simply that one begins or resumes his discourse, Zechariah 3:4 ; 6:4 ; Matthew 11:25 ; 12:38 ; Luke 7:40
Hadad-Rimmon - It is alluded to by the prophet (Zechariah 12:11 ) in a proverbial expression derived from the lamentation for Josiah, who was mortally wounded near this place (2 Chronicles 35:22-25 )
Pottery - See also 1 Chronicles 4:23 ; Psalm 2:9 ; Isaiah 45:9 ; 64:8 ; Jeremiah 19:1 ; Lamentations 4:2 ; Zechariah 11:13 ; Romans 9:21
Bay - Bay in Zechariah 6:3,7 denotes the colour of horses, but the original Hebrew means strong, and is here used rather to describe the horses as fleet or spirited
Bastard - Also translated as “a mongrel people” (Zechariah 9:6 NRSV)
Zachariah - Father of Abi or Abijah, Hezekiah's mother (2 Kings 18:2); Zechariah in 2 Chronicles 29:1
Sherezer - Zechariah 7:2-5
Sherezer - Their fast had been a mere act of self imposed and hypocritical will worship, to please themselves, not the Lord (Zechariah 7:2)
Vintage - " Leviticus 26:5 ; Judges 8:2 ; Job 24:6 ; Isaiah 24:13 ; Isaiah 32:10 ; Jeremiah 48:32 ; Micah 7:1 ; Zechariah 11:2
Javan - Alexander the Great is called the "king of Javan" (rendered "Grecia," Daniel 8:21 ; 10:20 ; comp 11:2; Zechariah 9:13 )
Zephani'ah - (Jeremiah 52:24,27 ; 2 Kings 25:18,21 ) ...
Father of Josiah, 2, (Zechariah 6:10 ) and of Hen, according to the reading of the received text of (Zechariah 6:14 )
Canaanites, the - Here and elsewhere the Canaanites are only one people of many; whereas in other places the term Canaanite appears to include any of the inhabitants of Canaan, as in Joshua 17:12,13 ; Nehemiah 9:24 ; Obadiah 20 ; Zechariah 14:21 . The same Hebrew word is translated 'merchant' in Job 41:6 ; Proverbs 31:24 ; Isaiah 23:8 ; so the passage in Zechariah 14:21 may signify "there shall no more be the merchant in the house of the Lord of hosts
Jesh'ua - The two prophecies concerning him in (Zechariah 3:1 ) . and Zechariah 6:9-15 Point him out as an eminent type of Christ
Stork - "The beauty and power of the stork's wings are seized on as an illustration by Zechariah:'The wind was in their wings, for they had wings like the wings of a stork. ' Zechariah 5:9
Candlestick - See the beautiful and significant visions of the candlestick by Zechariah and John, Zechariah 4:2-12 Revelation 1:12,20
Jesh'ua - The two prophecies concerning him in (Zechariah 3:1 ) . and Zechariah 6:9-15 Point him out as an eminent type of Christ
Abomination of Desolation - The last antichrist, many think, is about to set up an idol on a wing of the restored temple (compare Matthew 4:5; John 5:43) in the latter half of the last, or 70th, of Daniel's prophetic weeks; for the former three and a half days (years) of the prophetic week he keeps his covenant with the Jews; in the latter three and a half breaks it (Zechariah 11:16-17; Zechariah 11:12; Zechariah 11:13; Zechariah 11:14; Daniel 9; 11)
Hadrach - Zechariah 9:1 claims this Syrian city-state will become a part of God's territory, though the precise meaning of the verse is difficult to interpret
Bastard - In Zechariah 9:6 , the word is used in the sense of foreigner
Flying - ...
Zechariah 5:1-2 (b) This represents the great volume and power of GOD's wrath which will come upon all the earth from Heaven
Hananel - It is four times mentioned in OT; in Nehemiah 3:1 in connexion with the repairing, and in 12:39 in connexion with the dedication, of the walls; in Jeremiah 31:38 and Zechariah 14:10 as a boundary of the restored and glorified Jerusalem
Jehozadak - Father of Joshua the high priest ( 1 Chronicles 6:14-15 , Haggai 1:1 ; Haggai 1:12 ; Haggai 1:14 ; Haggai 2:2 ; Haggai 2:4 , Zechariah 6:11 )
Greece - It is named four times in the Old Testament as Greece or Grecia, Zechariah 9:13; Daniel 8:21; Daniel 10:20; Daniel 11:2, and once in the New Testament, Acts 20:2
Jah - Thus Isaiah, Jeremiah, Zephaniah, Zechariah, etc
Lead - עפרת , Exodus 15:10 ; Numbers 31:22 ; Job 19:24 ; Jeremiah 6:29 ; Ezekiel 22:18 ; Ezekiel 27:12 ; Zechariah 5:7-8 ; a mineral of a bluish white colour
Geba - A Levitical town of Benjamin, Joshua 18:24 21:17 1 Chronicles 8:6 , near Ramah, Nehemiah 7:30 Isaiah 10:29 , and not far from the northern border of the kingdom of Judah, 2 Kings 23:8 Zechariah 14:10
Zechari'ah - Zechariah, like Jeremiah and Ezekiel before him, was priest as well as prophet. He seems to have entered upon his office while yet young, (Zechariah 2:4 ) and must have been born in Babylon whence he returned with the first caravan of exiles under Zerubbabel and Jeshua. If the later Jewish accounts may be trusted, Zechariah, as well as Haggai, was a member of the Great Synagogue. The genuine writings of Zechariah help us but little in our estimate of his character. Jeremiah especially seems to have been his favorite; and hence the Jewish saying that "the spirit of Jeremiah dwelt in Zechariah. Generally speaking, Zechariah's style is pure, and remarkably free from Chaldaisms. After the death of Jehoiada, Zechariah probably succeeded to his office, and in attempting to check the reaction in favor of idolatry which immediately followed he fell a victim to a conspiracy formed against him by the king, and was stoned in the court of the temple. ) possibly the same as Zechariah the prophet, the son of Iddo. (2 Chronicles 29:13 ) Another conjecture is that he is the same as Zechariah the father of Abijah, the queen of Ahaz
Diamond - ) in Ezekiel 3:9 , Zechariah 7:12
Mitre - In Zechariah 3:5 the high priest Joshua received a clean mitre as a sign of the restoration of the priesthood
Black - It is a different word which is rendered "black" in Leviticus 13:31,37 ; Song of Solomon 1:5 ; 5:11 ; and Zechariah 6:2,6
Bands - Also denotes chains (Luke 8:29 ); companies of soldiers (Acts 21:31 ); a shepherd's staff, indicating the union between Judah and Israel (Zechariah 11:7 )
Cornerstone - He is also "the head stone," or fifth crowning top grainer of the pyramid, in which the whole building meets and culminates (Zechariah 4:7)
Apple of the Eye - The promise is in Zechariah 2:8, "He that toucheth you toucheth the apple of His eye"; the prayer is Psalms 17:8 "Keep me as the apple of the eye"; the fulfillment Deuteronomy 32:10, "He kept him as the apple of His eye
Adamant - ADAMANT is twice ( Ezekiel 3:9 , Zechariah 7:12 ) used in AV Pit - Genesis 37:20-29 ; Psalm 28:1 ; Psalm 40:2 ; Psalm 88:4,6 ; Ezekiel 26:20 ; Zechariah 9:11 ; etc
Black - The kingdom of the Medes and Persians is described as a chariot with 'black' horses, Zechariah 6:2,6 ; and in the Revelation, in the third seal a rider on a 'black' horse betokens scarcity
Torch - Zechariah 12:6 (a) GOD is prophesying that the rulers of Jerusalem will some day destroy all their enemies, as the fire destroys the wood
Talent - Zechariah 5:7 (b) Some students think that this represents the weight of sin that will encompass the business dealings of Israel
Hadadrimmon - Zechariah 12:11
Jaha'zi-el - (1 Chronicles 23:19 ; 24:23 ) ...
Son of Zechariah, a Levite of the Bene-Asaph in the reign of Jehoshaphat
Gabriel - The same angel was sent to Zechariah, to declare to him the future birth of John the Baptist, Luke 1:11 , &c
Spirit - The inclination is similarly expressed; hence we have a spirit of grace and of supplication, Zechariah 12:10, a spirit of infirmity, Luke 13:11
Rod - It also denotes a staff, used by one walking, Isaiah 3:1 Ezekiel 29:6 ; by a diviner, Hosea 4:12 ; by a surveyor, Psalm 74:2 ; by a shepherd, Leviticus 27:32 Zechariah 11:10-14 ; as an instrument of correction, Proverbs 23:13 29:15 ; as a sceptre, Esther 8:4 Isaiah 14:5 ; and as a symbol of power, Psalm 2:9 , support and direction, Psalm 23:4
Fountains - The atonement is a precious fountain of cleansing, healing, life-giving power, Joel 3:18 Zechariah 13:1
Trees - Were frequently used as types of kings, or men of wealth and power, Psalm 37:35 Isaiah 2:13 Daniel 4:10-26 Zechariah 11:1,2
Admiration - We may apply the words of the Lord upon another occasion, and say,"Because it is marvellous in the eyes of the remnant of the people, should it be also marvellous in mine eyes, saith the Lord of hosts?" (Zechariah 8:6) The Hebrew word, in this instance, is the same as that given of Christ by the prophet, (Isaiah 9:6) when he calls him Wonderful. They are men wondered at, (Zechariah 3:8) In this sense, the Lord Jesus admired and praised, it may be said, by the notice he took of it, the faith of the centurion, and the faith of the woman of Canaan
Sling - Translated Zechariah 9:15, "they (the Jews) shall tread under foot the sling stones" hurled at them by the foe, and falling harmless at their feet (Job 41:28). Their foes shall be as such sling stones when fallen under foot; in contrast to God's people (Zechariah 9:16), "the (precious) stones of a crown
Adversary - " (Isaiah 50:8) And Zechariah (Zechariah 3:1) represents Satan as "an adversary standing at Joshua's right hand, to resist him
Table of Kings And Prophets in Israel And Judah - ...
885...
Ahaziah,...
884...
Athaliah,...
884...
Jehu,...
878...
Jehoash,...
Zechariah, son of Jehoiada. ...
810...
Uzziah,...
Zechariah,...
Amos
Shimei - Zechariah 12:13 . See under Zechariah, Zechariah 12
Zerubbabel - Only when Haggai and Zechariah began their stirring preaching in 520 BC did Zerubbabel, Joshua and the rest of the people get to work again (Ezra 5:1-2; Haggai 1:1-6; Haggai 1:14-15). ...
Much of Haggai and Zechariah’s preaching was designed to challenge and encourage Zerubbabel and Joshua (Haggai 2:4). As his hands had begun the work on the temple, so his hands would finish it (Zechariah 4:6-10). As a descendant of David, Zerubbabel was like a new ‘branch’ springing from the ‘tree’ of David’s dynasty, a ‘tree’ that Babylon had earlier ‘cut down’ (Zechariah 6:11-13; cf. Through him the Messiah would come (Haggai 2:21-23; Zechariah 3:8-10; Matthew 1:6; Matthew 1:12; Matthew 1:16; cf
Zechariah, the Book of - The book of Zechariah, in its existing form, consists of three principal parts, vis.
The first of these divisions is allowed by the critics to be the genuine work of Zechariah the son of Iddo. Such is, briefly, an outline of the second portion of that book which is commonly known as the Prophecy of Zechariah. He insisted on the great dissimilarity of style as well as subject between the earlier and later chapters and he was the first who advocated the theory that the last six chapters of Zechariah are the work of two distinct prophets
Roll - The Hebrew word rendered "roll" or "volume" is Meghillah , Found in Ezra 6:2 ; Psalm 40:7 ; Jeremiah 36:2,6,23,28,29 ; Ezekiel 2:9 ; 3:1-3 ; Zechariah 5:1,2
Miphkad Gate - If the Miphkad Gate is a city gate, it is perhaps identical with the Benjamin Gate (Jeremiah 37:13 ; Jeremiah 38:7 ; Zechariah 14:10 ), located at the northernmost point on the east wall (perhaps identical with the Gate of the Guard, Nehemiah 12:39 )
Wall - " (Zechariah 2:5) And as a fence of safety in his salvation, which are Israel's walls and bulwarks
Bells - metsilloth, 'bells' from their tinkling, Zechariah 14:20 , but in the margin is read 'or bridles
Shinar - Genesis 10:10 ; Genesis 11:2 ; Genesis 14:1,9 ; Isaiah 11:11 ; Daniel 1:2 ; Zechariah 5:11
Vile - , Zechariah 3:3,4
Ashkelon - One of the five cities of the Philistines by the sea and ten miles north of Gaza; taken by Judah, Judges 1:18; visited by Samson; Judges 14:19; and its destruction predicted in Jeremiah 47:5; Jeremiah 47:7; Amos 1:8; Zechariah 9:5; Zephaniah 2:7
Ekron - The most northerly of the five cities of the Philistines, Joshua 13:3; in the lowlands of Judah, Joshua 15:11; conquered by Judah, Joshua 15:45; allotted to Dan, Joshua 19:43; reconquered by Samuel, 1 Samuel 5:10; 1 Samuel 7:14; again a Philistine city, 1 Samuel 17:52; 2 Kings 1:2; Jeremiah 25:20; Amos 1:8; Zechariah 9:5; now called Akir, on a hill 12 miles southeast of Joppa, a wretched village of about 50 mud hovels
Shinar - Genesis 10:10; Isaiah 11:11; Daniel 1:2; Zechariah 5:11
Branch - Christ is called "the Branch," the "rod out of the stem of Jesse," and "branch out of his roots," Isaiah 11:1 ; 53:2 ; Zechariah 3:8 ; 6:12 ; being a royal descendant of the princely house of David, Jeremiah 23:5 ; 33:15
Diamond - The Hebrew word here used is called "adamant" in Ezekiel 3:9 Zechariah 7:12
Ekron - Its ruin was foretold, Amos 1:8 Zephaniah 2:4 Zechariah 9:5,7
Nail - The word implies fixedness, Isaiah 22:23 ; and a firm support, Zechariah 10:4
Zachari'ah - (remembered by Jehovah ), or properly Zechariah
Hanan'e-el - This tower is further mentioned in (Jeremiah 31:38 ) The remaining passage in which it is named, (Zechariah 14:10 ) also connects this tower with the "corner-gate," which lay on the other side of the sheep-gate
Rimmon - Joshua 15:32 ; 1 Chronicles 4:32 ; Zechariah 14:10
Apparel - Kings and nobles usually had a store of costly garments for festive occasions (Isaiah 3:22 ; Zechariah 3:4 ) and for presents (Genesis 45:22 ; Esther 4:4 ; 6:8,11 ; 1 Samuel 18:4 ; 2 Kings 5:5 ; 10:22 ). Prophets and ascetics wore coarse garments (Isaiah 20:2 ; Zechariah 13:4 ; Matthew 3:4 )
Seventy Years - Zechariah seems to have seen the 70 years ending in his own day with the rebuilding of the Temple ( Zechariah 1:12 )
Greece, Greeks, Gre'Cians - Zechariah, (Zechariah 9:13 ) foretells the triumphs of the Maccabees against the Greco-Syrian empire, while Isaiah looks forward to the conversion of the Greeks, amongst other Gentiles, through the instrumentality of Jewish missionaries
Zechariah - Zechariah . After Jehoiada’s death, Zechariah reproved the idolaters and announced God’s judgment against them. The prophet (see Zechariah [2]). ...
Zechariah , king of Israel, was the last member of the house of Jehu to come to the throne, and he occupied it only six months
Ass - Zechariah pictured the Messiah as riding on “a colt the foal of an ass” (athon ), thus emphasizing the animal was a purebred ass and not a crossbred mule (Zechariah 9:9 ). The Messiah would ride on a donkey (Zechariah 9:9 ), the animal of the nobility in days when Israel did not have a king. The picture in Zechariah 9:1 thus joins the humble suffering servant and the royal Messiah. These were apparently riding animals reserved for nobility ( Judges 10:4 ; Judges 12:14 ; Zechariah 9:9 ). Onarion refers to a small donkey and appears only in John 12:14 to show the promise of Zechariah 9:9 was being fulfilled. ” This is Matthew's term for the parent of the “foal of an ass” predicted in Zechariah 9:9 ( Matthew 21:5 )
Burden - Zechariah 12:1-14 ; Zechariah 9:1 ; Zechariah 9:9-17 ; in Proverbs 30:1 ; Proverbs 31:1 RV Colour - It is applied to milk (Genesis 49:12 ), manna (Exodus 16:31 ), snow (Isaiah 1:18 ), horses (Zechariah 1:8 ), raiment (Ecclesiastes 9:8 ). ...
This colour was an emblem of purity and innocence (Mark 16:5 ; John 20:12 ; Revelation 19:8,14 ), of joy (Ecclesiastes 9:8 ), and also of victory (Zechariah 6:3 ; Revelation 6:2 ). ...
Black, applied to the hair (Leviticus 13:31 ; Song of Solomon 5:11 ), the complexion (Song of Solomon 1:5 ), and to horses (Zechariah 6:2,6 ). It is used as symbolical of evil in Zechariah 6:2,6 and Revelation 6:5 . ...
Red, applied to blood (2 Kings 322;22 ), a heifer (Numbers 19:2 ), pottage of lentils (Genesis 25:30 ), a horse (Zechariah 1:8 ), wine (Proverbs 23:31 ), the complexion (Genesis 25:25 ; Song of Solomon 5:10 ). This colour is symbolical of bloodshed (Zechariah 6:2 ; Revelation 6:4 ; 12:3 )
Hearth - Elsewhere modern translations substituted other terms: furnace (NRSV), oven (REB), or glowing embers (NIV) at Psalm 102:3 ; brazier (REB, NAS, NRSV) or firepot (NIV) at Jeremiah 36:22-23 ; blazing pot (NRSV), brazier (REB), or firepot (NAS, NIV) at Zechariah 12:6
Mitre - " It was a twisted band of fine linen, 8 yards in length, coiled into the form of a cap, and worn on official occasions (Leviticus 8:9 ; 16:4 ; Zechariah 3:5 )
Arrows - Arrows are sometimes figuratively put for lightning (Deuteronomy 32:23,42 ; Psalm 7:13 ; 18:14 ; 144:6 ; Zechariah 9:14 )
Theft - All theft is forbidden (Exodus 20:15 ; 21:16 ; Leviticus 19:11 ; Deuteronomy 5:19 ; 24:7 ; Psalm 50:18 ; Zechariah 5:3 ; Matthew 19:18 ; Romans 13:9 ; Ephesians 4:28 ; 1 Peter 4:15 )
Mantle - " The recognized dress of a prophet (Zechariah 13:4, "a rough garment" of prophets)
Cymbals - Zechariah 14:20, "the bells," rather concave plates of brass attached to horses as an ornament, and tinkling in striking against one another; even the common things shall have sanctity attached to them
Age - It is a blessing to communities when they have old men among them (Isaiah 65:20 ; Zechariah 8:4 )
Hananeel, Tower of - " Connected with "the corner gate" (which was on the other side of the sheep gate), also in Zechariah 14:10, where Ewald translated "on to the corner gate and tower of Hananeel on to the king's wine presses
Adamant - Image for firmness in resisting the adversaries of the truth of God (Zechariah 7:12)
Idol - ...
Zechariah 11:17 (a) This is a reference to a religious leader who, after winning the hearts of his people, deserts them and leaves them empty, hungry and helpless
Jedaiah - " Zechariah 6:10,14
Plumbline, Plummet - In Zechariah 4:10 , although it was a day of small things when the temple was rebuilt, the plummet was in the hands of Zerubbabel, and the Lord of hosts was supporting him
Hammeah, the Tower of - Jeremiah 31:38 , Zechariah 14:10 )
Antichrist - A further possible description of him might be found in Zechariah 11:15-17)
Lightning - Zechariah 9:14 (b) This is a severe picture of GOD's avenging wrath and righteous judgment on His enemies
Seven - ...
- the seven "eyes" describe the perfect omniscience of the Holy Spirit ( Zechariah 3:9)
Latter - , Deuteronomy 11:14 ; Proverbs 16:15 ; Jeremiah 5:24 ; Hosea 6:3 ; Joel 2:23 ; Zechariah 10:1
Shimel - A distinguished family at Jerusalem, Zechariah 12:13
Shallum - Son of Jabesh, or a native of Jebesh, who treacherously killed Zechariah King of Israel and usurped his kingdom, B
Lowliness - In the prophecy of Zechariah (Zechariah 9:9) the Messianic King is foretold as being ‘lowly and riding upon an ass’; but in the passages where the prophecy is quoted (Matthew 21:5, John 12:15), the action is given in both cases
Graving - ...
...
Pathah refers to intaglio work, the cutting and engraving of precious stones (Exodus 28:9-11,21 ; Zechariah 3:9 ; Song of Solomon 1:10,11 )
Lamp -
That part of the candle-sticks of the tabernacle and the temple which bore the light (Exodus 25:37 ; 1 Kings 7:49 ; 2 Chronicles 4:20 ; 13:11 ; Zechariah 4:2 )
Earthquake - Another took place in the days of Uzziah, King of Judah (Zechariah 14:5 )
Eclipse - Of the sun alluded to in Amos 8:9 ; Micah 3:6 ; Zechariah 14:6 ; Joel 2:10
Spirit - This word is used also metaphorically as denoting a tendency (Zechariah 12:10 ; Luke 13:11 )
Myrtle - (Isaiah 41:19 ; Nehemiah 8:15 ; Zechariah 1:8 ), Hebrew hadas, known in the East by the name As , the Myrtus communis of the botanist
Contrite - Pungent sorrow for it, Zechariah 12:10
Omen - Companions of the high priest Joshua were a good omen (NRSV) or a symbol (NAS) of hope for a restored people of God ( Zechariah 3:8 )
Maimed - A worthless shepherd (leader) does not care for the maimed (Zechariah 11:16 NRSV)
Jebus - Joshua 15:8; Joshua 18:16; Zechariah 9:7
Engraving - Exodus 28:11,21,36 ; Exodus 35:35 ; Exodus 38:23 ; Exodus 39:14,30 ; Zechariah 3:9 ; 2 Corinthians 3:7
Tabernacles, Feast of - Zechariah 14:16
Jeshua - ...
...
The son of Jozadak, and high priest of the Jews under Zerubbabel (Nehemiah 7:7 ; 12:1,7,10,26 ); called Joshua (Haggai 1:1,12 ; 2:2,4 ; Zechariah 3:1,3,6,8,9 )
Sackcloth - Isaiah 20:2; Zechariah 13:4
Peg - Zechariah 10:4 used the peg as one of several images for rulers
Adversary, the - Zechariah 3:1
Dew - Thus it is coupled in the divine blessing with rain, or mentioned as a prime source of fertility, (Genesis 27:28 ; 33:13; Zechariah 8:12 ) and its withdrawal is attributed to a curse
Zerubbabel - ...
It was not resumed for about fifteen years, till Zerubbabel's faith was roused to renewed energy by the rebukes and appeals of the prophet Haggai, and by the glorious promises addressed to him by Zechariah. " Zechariah 4:6-10 . In Zechariah 4 this son of David is taken as a type of Christ, the promised Son of David, who will be the cause in a yet future day of the temple being built with shoutings, of "Grace, grace unto it
Haggai - He was the first of the three (Zechariah, his contemporary, and Malachi, who was about one hundred years later, being the other two) whose ministry belonged to the period of Jewish history which began after the return from captivity in Babylon. After having been suspended for fifteen years, the work was resumed through the efforts of Haggai and Zechariah (Ezra 6:14 ), who by their exhortations roused the people from their lethargy, and induced them to take advantage of the favourable opportunity that had arisen in a change in the policy of the Persian government
Horn - To "lift up" the horn is to act proudly (Zechariah 1:21 ). ...
Horns are also the symbol of royal dignity and power (Jeremiah 48:25 ; Zechariah 1:18 ; Daniel 8:24 )
Olive - It was a symbol of peace (Genesis 8:10-12), fruitfulness (Psalms 128:3-4), freshness (Psalms 52:8), pleasantness (Jeremiah 11:16), beauty (Hosea 14:5-7), God’s Spirit (Zechariah 4:1-6), God’s family (1619166092_2) and God’s witnesses (Zechariah 4:11-14; Revelation 11:3-4)
Hamath - During the time of David, Toi was king of Hamath ( 2 Samuel 8:9 ); the greatness of the city is referred to by the prophet Amos ( Amos 6:2 ), and it is classed by Zechariah with Damascus, Tyre and Zidon ( Zechariah 9:1 f
Finish - (Daniel 9:24) And Zechariah no less, while describing him as the great Zerubbabel declared, that the same hands which laid the foundation of the spiritual temple should also finish it. (Zechariah 4:9) And the Lord Jesus himself, speaking in his mediatorial character as the Sent and Servant of JEHOVAH, in the close of his ministry, lifted his eyes to heaven, and said, "Father, I have glorified thee on the earth; I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do
Apple of the Eye - Three different Hebrew words or phrases are rendered as the apple of the eye: (1) the word in Deuteronomy 32:10 and Proverbs 7:2 literally means “little man” and evidently refers to the reflection of a person in the eye of another; (2) the word in Psalm 17:8 and Lamentations 2:18 (KJV) literally means “the daughter of the eye” with possibly the same significance as (1); and (3) the word in Zechariah 2:8 literally means “gate
Shinar - A term employed in the OT for the greater part, if not the whole, of Babylonia ( Genesis 10:19 ; Genesis 11:2 ; Genesis 14:1 ; Genesis 14:9 , Joshua 7:21 , Isaiah 11:11 , Zechariah 5:11 , Daniel 1:2 )
Shinar, the Land of - The name occurs later in Jewish history (Isaiah 11:11 ; Zechariah 5:11 )
Accuser - Compare Job 1:6 ; Zechariah 3:1 ), as seeking to uphold his influence among men by bringing false charges against Christians, with the view of weakening their influence and injuring the cause with which they are identified
Jasper - The king of Tyre (Ezekiel 28:13) has the jasper with eight other of the high-priest's 12 precious stones, as type of antichrist who usurps Christ's high-priesthood combined with kingship (Zechariah 6:13)
Oak - Genesis 35:8 ; Joshua 24:26 ; Isaiah 1:29 ; Isaiah 2:13 ; Ezekiel 27:6 ; Hosea 4:13 ; Amos 2:9 ; Zechariah 11:2
Myrtle - In Zechariah 1:8,10,11 a man (that is, an angel of Jehovah) was seen standing among the myrtle trees, when all the earth was sitting still and was at rest — emblem of the blessing of Jerusalem, for which the angel was interceding
Geba - Joshua 21:17 ; 2 Samuel 5:25 ; 2 Kings 23:8 ; 1 Chronicles 6:60 ; 1 Chronicles 8:6 ; Nehemiah 11:31 ; Nehemiah 12:29 ; Isaiah 10:29 ; Zechariah 14:10
Captive - When a city was taken by assault, all the men were slain, and the women and children carried away captive and sold as slaves (Isaiah 20 ; 47:3 ; 2 Chronicles 28:9-15 ; Psalm 44:12 ; Joel 3:3 ), and exposed to the most cruel treatment (Nahum 3:10 ; Zechariah 14:2 ; Esther 3:13 ; 2 Kings 8:12 ; Isaiah 13:16,18 )
Winter - " Genesis 8:22; Psalms 74:17; Zechariah 14:8; Jeremiah 36:22
Megiddo - Here king Ahaziah died, and King Josiah was defeated, slain, and sorely lamented, 2 Kings 9:27 ; 23:29 ; Zechariah 12:11
Rimmon - A town of Palestine, near the frontier of Edom, Joshua 15:21,32 Zechariah 14:10 , in the region assigned to the tribe of Simeon, Joshua 19:7 1 Chronicles 4:32 Nehemiah 11:29
Branch - "The branch of Jehovah" (Isaiah 4:2), the sprout of Jehovah, Messiah (Jeremiah 23:5; Jeremiah 33:15; Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12; Luke 1:78 margin)
Earthquake - It must have been a terrible one, since two and a half centuries later it was still being made an epoch in Zechariah 14:5; his sin in the spiritual world was connected with the convulsion in the natural world. Such physical signs and premonitory upheavals shall accompany the closing conflict between the powers of light and darkness (Isaiah 24:20; Zechariah 14:4; Matthew 24:7)
Jealousy, - Psalm 79:5 ; Ezekiel 39:25 ; Joel 2:18 ; Zechariah 1:14 ; Zechariah 8:2
Jeshua - , after these prophets had begun to stimulate the people to undertake building operations in earnest ( Haggai 1:1 ; Haggai 1:12 ; Haggai 1:14 , Zechariah 3:1 ff; Zechariah 6:10-11 )
Tents - ...
Zechariah 12:7 (b) The domestic life of Judah was to be restored and their peace assured by the mighty GOD of Heaven. ...
Zechariah 14:15 (b) The animals of the enemies of GOD were to be punished as the people were punished
Uzziah - ...
A prophet named Zechariah counselled him, and he did well as long as the prophet lived; but on the prophet's death he became 'strong,' and his heart was lifted up to his destruction, for he went into the temple to offer incense. " 2 Chronicles 26:1-23 ; Isaiah 1:1 ; Hosea 1:1 ; Amos 1:1 ; Zechariah 14:5
Jealousy - Thus God's jealousy includes avenging Israel (Ezekiel 36:6 ; Ezekiel 39:25 ; Nahum 1:2 ; Zechariah 1:14 ; Zechariah 8:2 )
Piece of Silver - " (Genesis 20:16 ; 37:28 ; 45:28 ; Judges 9:4 ; 16:5 ; 2 Kings 6:25 ; Hosea 3:2 ; Zechariah 11:12,13 ) In similar passages the word "shekels" occurs in the Hebrew. The parallel passage in Zachariah, (Zechariah 11:12,13 ) must, however, be taken into consideration where shekels (worth about 55 cents) must be understood
East - Thus "the east country" is the country lying to the east of Syria, the Elymais (Zechariah 8:7 )
Sharezer - Name open to several interpretations in Zechariah 7:2
Branch - A symbol of kings descended from royal ancestors (Ezekiel 17:3,10 ; Daniel 11:7 ); of prosperity (Job 8:16 ); of the Messiah, a branch out of the root of the stem of Jesse (Isaiah 11:1 ), the "beautiful branch" (4:2), a "righteous branch" (Jeremiah 23:5 ), "the Branch" (Zechariah 3:8 ; 6:12 )
Ephah - Ephah, a word of Egyptian origin, meaning measure; a grain measure containing "three seahs or ten omers," and equivalent to the bath for liquids (Exodus 16:36 ; 1 Samuel 17:17 ; Zechariah 5:6 )
Winds - Blowing from the four quarters of heaven (Jeremiah 49:36 ; Ezekiel 37:9 ; Daniel 8:8 ; Zechariah 2:6 )
Rimmon - Zechariah 14:10 described it as the southern boundary of God's new exalted kingdom
Teraphim - (Judges 17:3-5 ; 18:17,18,20 ) Teraphim were consulted for oracular answers by the Israelites, (Zechariah 10:2 ) comp
Malachi - He flourished after the captivity, later than Haggai and Zechariah, at a time when the temple was completed, and was probably a contemporary of Nehemiah, b
Javan - In Daniel 8:21 , where the Hebrew is the same, Alexander the Great is king of Javan, agreeing with Daniel 10:20 ; Daniel 11:2 ; , Zechariah 9:13 that Javan refers to Greece
River - " (Psalms 46:4) God the Father is thus described, Jeremiah 2:13; Psalms 65:9; God the Son is thus described, Song of Song of Solomon 4:15; Zechariah 13:1; and God the Holy Ghost, John 7:38 and John 4:14
Sceptre - Numbers 24:17 ; Psalm 45:6 ; Isaiah 14:5 ; Ezekiel 19:11,14 ; Amos 1:5,8 ; Zechariah 10:11 ; Hebrews 1:8
Walk - (See also Ezekiel 33:15; Zechariah 3:7)
Eschatology - But some that are more prominently eschatological are Daniel, Ezekiel, Isaiah, Joel, Zechariah, Matthew, Mark, Luke, 2Thessalonians, and of course Revelation
Gath - See Zephaniah 2:4; Zechariah 9:5-6
Gaza - Gaza was peopled by the descendants of Ham, Genesis 10:19; by the Anakim, Joshua 11:22; given to Judah, Joshua 15:47; the scene of Samson's exploits, Judges 16:1-31; under Solomon's rule and called Azzah, 1 Kings 4:24; smitten by Egypt, Jeremiah 47:1; Jeremiah 47:5; prophesied against, Amos 1:6-7; Zephaniah 2:4; Zechariah 9:5; noticed in New Testament only in Acts 8:26; a chief stronghold of paganism and the worship of the god Dagon
Horn - ; Zechariah 1:18
Habitation - " (Zechariah 2:10) And in one of the richest promises of the Bible, our blessed Lord Jesus speaks to the same effect: "If a man love me (saith Jesus,) he will keep my words; and my Father will love him, and we will come unto him, and make our abode with him
Adamant - The word occurs also in Ezekiel 3:9 , and Zechariah 7:12
Rimmon - Joshua 15:21; Joshua 15:32; Joshua 19:7; 1 Chronicles 4:32; Nehemiah 11:29; Zechariah 14:10
Plumbline, Plummet - On the strength of Zechariah 4:10 (lit
Whirlwinds - One of the Hebrew words thus translated sometimes denotes only a powerful and tempestuous gust of wind, Jeremiah 23:19 30:23 Zechariah 9:14
Intercession of the Spirit - "Christ is a royal Priest (Zechariah 6:13 )
Ekron - Joshua 15:11,45,46 ; Joshua 19:43 ; Judges 1:18 ; 1 Samuel 5:10 ; 1 Samuel 6:16,17 ; 1 Samuel 7:14 ; 1 Samuel 17:52 ; Jeremiah 25:20 ; Amos 1:8 ; Zephaniah 2:4 ; Zechariah 9:5,7
Candlestick - Zechariah's candlestick (Zechariah 4) is prophetical of that final church which shall join in one all the earth under Messiah the King, reigning in Jerusalem as the spiritual center and rallying point of all (compare Zephaniah 3:9; Zechariah 14:9; Zechariah 14:16-17; Jeremiah 3:17). In the second temple, namely, Zerubbabel's, a single candlestick was again placed (Zechariah 4:2-6; Zechariah 4:11), taken by Titus from the temple as restored by Herod, and carried in his triumph at Rome and deposited in the Temple of Peace
Oil - ...
People used oils in the preparation of food (Exodus 29:2; Leviticus 2:4; 1 Kings 17:12-14), as fuels for lamps (Exodus 27:20; Zechariah 4:2-3; Zechariah 4:12; Matthew 25:3-4), as medicines and ointments (Isaiah 1:6; Luke 10:34), as cosmetics (2 Samuel 14:2; Esther 2:12; Psalms 104:15; Song of Song of Solomon 1:12; Song of Solomon 5:5) and for rubbing on the body to bring soothing and refreshment (Ruth 3:3; 2 Samuel 12:20; Amos 6:6; Luke 7:37-38; John 12:3). ...
Oil was used to anoint priests, kings and at times prophets, to symbolize their setting apart for God’s service and their appointment to office (Exodus 28:41; 1 Samuel 10:1; Deuteronomy 33:24; 1 Kings 1:39; 1 Kings 19:16; Zechariah 4:11-14)
Angel of the Lord (Jahweh) - , Exodus 3:2 ; Exodus 14:19 ; Exodus 23:23 , Numbers 22:22 , Jdg 6:11 , 2 Kings 1:3 , Zechariah 1:9 ). Zechariah 1:12 ). Matthew 1:20 , Luke 2:9 ) must not be confounded with the OT ‘Angel of Jahweh’; an OT parallel is to be found rather in such a passage as Zechariah 3:6-7 , where the angel is one of a kind, not the only one of his kind
Chief - Aluph is the leader of a clan or tribe ( Genesis 36:15-43 ; Zechariah 12:5-6 ). Pinnah is the corner or cornerstone ( Judges 20:2 ; 1 Samuel 14:38 ; Zechariah 10:4 ). Attud is a ram or he-goat and is used metaphorically for a chief or leader ( Isaiah 14:9 ; Zechariah 10:3 )
Tammuz - In Amos 8:10 and Zechariah 12:10 the mourning for ‘the only son’ may be a reference to this annual mourning, and the words of the refrain, ‘Ah me, ah me l’ ( Jeremiah 22:18 ) may be recalled
Experience, Experiment - , Numbers 14:23 , of youths; Jeremiah 2:6 , of a land, "untried;" Zechariah 11:15 , of a shepherd
Bastards - " The only other occurrence of mamzer is Zechariah 9:6; "a bastard (a vile alien) shall dwell in Ashdod
Teraphim - Teraphim are related to divination (Judges 17:5 ; Judges 18:14-20 ; 1 Samuel 15:23 ; 2 Kings 23:24 ; Hosea 3:4 ; Ezekiel 21:21 ; Zechariah 10:2 )
Sharezer - incomplete) appears in Zechariah 7:2 as one of a deputation sent to consult the spiritual heads of the Jewish community
Shinar, Plain of - Daniel 1:1-2 and probably Zechariah 5:11 equate Babylon and Shinar, thus limiting Shinar to its major city in the writers' day
Bell - The ‘bells of the horses’ of Zechariah 14:20 represent another word akin to that rendered ‘cymbals
Oak - In Zechariah 11:2 the oaks are said to howl because of death
Hadadrimmon - A proper name occurring in Zechariah 12:11 ‘as the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the valley of Megiddon
Pit - ...
(3) Βor , "a pit or cistern once full of water, now empty", with miry clay beneath (Psalms 40:2; Zechariah 9:11); used as dungeon wherein the captive has no water or food; so Jeremiah (Jeremiah 38:6; Jeremiah 38:9), Isaiah 51:14; hence symbolizing "the dishonored grave of the once haughty transgressor", with the idea of condign [2] punishment in the unseen world, shadowed forth by the ignominious state of the body (Ezekiel 31:14; Ezekiel 31:16; Ezekiel 32:18; Ezekiel 32:24)
Perizzite - The Hebrew perezot , "unwalled country villages" or "towns," were inhabited by peasants engaged in agriculture like the Arab fellahs (Deuteronomy 3:5; 1 Samuel 6:18; Ezekiel 38:11; Zechariah 2:4)
Brass - We read also of mountains of brass in reference to the everlasting establishment of JEHOVAH'S purposes, Zechariah 6:1
Zacharias - There has been much dispute who this Zacharias was, but there can be little or no doubt that the allusion is to Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada, 2 Chronicles 24:20-21; and he may have been called "the son" of Barachias from his grandfather
Dew - It was prized as a precious boon of Providence, Genesis 27:28 Deuteronomy 33:28 1 Kings 17:1 Job 29:19 Haggai 1:10 Zechariah 8:12
Hosts - Psalms 24:10; Isaiah 1:24; Jeremiah 2:19; Zechariah 1:17; Malachi 1:6; Malachi 1:14; James 5:4)
Olives - It is also referred to by Zechariah. Zechariah 14:4
Geba - For Zechariah (Zechariah 14:10 ), Geba represented the northern border of a Judah to be flattened out into a plain dominated by God ruling on Mount Zion in Jerusalem
Diadem - Aaron the High Priest wore one (Exodus 28:37 ; Exodus 29:6 ; Leviticus 16:4 ; Zechariah 3:5 ) as did Queens Vashti (Esther 1:11 ) and Esther (Esther 2:17 ). ...
Tsaniph or tseniphah is the turban worn by a man ( Job 29:14 ) or woman (Isaiah 3:23 ) or by the king (Isaiah 62:3 ) or high priest (Zechariah 3:5 )
Flock - ...
The designation "flock" is used a number of times simply as an epithet of the people, one that inherently communicates their helplessness, naiveté, simplicity, and dependence (Psalm 74:1 ; 77:20 ; 78:52 ; 79:13 ; 80:1 ; 100:3 ; Isaiah 40:11 ; Zechariah 9:16 ; 10:3 ; 11:7,17 ; John 10:16 ). Failing that leadership, or perhaps in rebellion to it, Israel is seen as a people without a shepherd (Numbers 27:17 ; 1 Kings 22:17 ), helpless ones (2 Samuel 24:17 ) who wander and go astray (Isaiah 53:6 ; Zechariah 10:2 )
Line - Jeremiah 31:39 , Ezekiel 47:3 , Zechariah 1:16 ). Psalms 78:55 , Amos 7:17 , Zechariah 2:1 )
Darius - The prophets Haggai and Zechariah encouraged the people to go on with the work, and when Tattenai, the Persian governor of Syria, demanded their authority, they alleged a decree of Cyrus. It was completed in the 6th year of his reign ( Ezra 4:1-24 ; Ezra 5:1-17 ; Ezra 6:1-22 , Haggai 1:1 ; Haggai 2:10 , Zechariah 1:17 )
Stones - In Zechariah 12:3 "I will make Jerusalem a burdensome stone . The Jews "fell" on Messiah "the rock of offense and were broken"; the rock shall fall on antichrist who "burdens himself with it" by his assault on the restored Jews, and "grind him to powder" (Zechariah 13; 14)
Hosanna - The prophet Zechariah had predicted of the Messiah, that he should so come; and none but Christ ever did so. (Compare Zechariah 9:9 with Matthew 21:1-11) It was prohesied also by David, that "prayer should be made for him continually
Haggai - In his prophetic work he was associated with Zechariah ( Haggai 2:1-92 ; Ezra 6:14 ); and the names of the two are prefixed to certain Psalms in one or more of the Versions (to Psalms 137:1-9 in LXX Flint - Zechariah 7:12 pictures the people's unwillingness to repent as hearts of flint
Sidon - The Bible frequently mentions the two towns together as a way of referring to Phoenicia in general (Ezra 3:7; Isaiah 23:1; Isaiah 23:4; Zechariah 9:2; Mark 7:24)
Diamond - The term also appears in Ezekiel 3:9 ; Zechariah 7:12 as the hardest stone known
Fringe - Tassels of twisted cords fastened to the four corners of the outer garment, worn by observant Jews as a reminder of covenant obligations (Numbers 15:38-39 ; Deuteronomy 22:12 ; compare Zechariah 8:23 )
Fir - It was a tree of large growth ( 2 Kings 19:23 , Ezekiel 31:8 ); evergreen ( Hosea 14:8 ); a chief element in the glory of Lebanon ( Isaiah 60:13 ); associated with cedars ( Psalms 104:16-17 , Isaiah 14:8 , Zechariah 11:2 )
Money - Mention is made of money as early as Genesis 17:12,13 , where persons are said to be 'bought with money;' and from Genesis to Zechariah it is spoken of as being not counted, but weighed, which would give the true value of the precious metals in the form of rings or in odd pieces of gold or silver
Prophet - A prophet was God's servant (Zechariah 1:6) and messenger (2 Chronicles 36:15)
Annunciation - While the announcement to Mary about the Incarnation has become associated with the annunciation, the announcements to Samson (Judges 13:2-5 ), Joseph (Matthew 1:20-25 ), and Zechariah (Luke 1:11-20 ) follow a similar pattern
Clean - (Zechariah 13:1) And hence, the Scripture sense of cleanness, is the sinner freed from the filth of sin, and the guilt of sin, and the dominion of sin, by the blood of Christ, and the sanctifying influences of the Holy Ghost
Fountain - " (Zechariah 13:1) And to God the Holy Ghost, as a "river of living water in the hearts of believers
Talent - Zechariah 5:7
Vale - Joshua 11:17; Joshua 13:17; Zechariah 12:11
Valley - Joshua 11:17; Joshua 13:17; Zechariah 12:11
Eclipse of the Sun - (Joel 2:10,31 ; 3:15 ; Amos 8:9 ; Micah 3:6 ; Zechariah 14:6 ) Some of these notices probably refer to eclipses that occurred about the time of the respective compositions: thus the date of Amos coincides with a total eclipse which occurred Feb
Horn - Daniel 7:8 ; 8:9 ; Zechariah 1:18 , etc
Winepress, Wine-Vat - , Isaiah 16:10 ; Joel 3:13 ; Haggai 2:16 ; Zechariah 14:10
Color, Symbolic Meaning of - ...
Black signifies gloom, mourning, evil, judgment, and death (Lamentations 4:8 ; Micah 3:6 ; Zechariah 6:2,6 ; Revelation 6:5,12 ). The images of red, blood-soaked garments of God as an avenging warrior (Isaiah 63:1-6 ) and the fiery red horse bringing slaughter through warfare (Zechariah 6:2 ; Revelation 6:4 ) describe divine retribution against evildoers (see also Joel 2:31 ; Revelation 6:12 ). It indicates the certainty of God's conquest and victory over evil (Zechariah 6:3,6 ; Revelation 6:2 ; 19:11 )
Captivities of Israel - See also Jeremiah 31:7-9 ; Jeremiah 31:16-17 ; Jeremiah 31:20 ; Jeremiah 16:15 ; Jeremiah 49:2 , &c; Zechariah 9:13 ; Zechariah 10:6 ; Zechariah 10:10 ; Micah 2:12
Haggai, Theology of - The prophets Haggai and Zechariah joined forces in 520 b. But opposition arose and no further progress was made until Haggai and Zechariah burst upon the scene. Wolf...
See also Zechariah, Theology of ...
Bibliography . Baldwin, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi ; R. Coggins, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi ; C. Haggai, Zechariah 1-8 ; R
Zerubbabel - Sheshbazzar laid the foundation of the temple (Nehemiah 7:5-7), answering to Zerubbabel (Zechariah 4:9); "governor of Judah" (Haggai 1:1; Haggai 1:14; Haggai 2:2). Haggai and Zechariah roused the Jews from the apathy as to God's house which had crept over them while they were keen about building and ceiling their own houses (Haggai 1:4). "They prospered through the prophesying of Haggai the prophet and Zechariah the son of Iddo. " Compare Haggai 2:4-9; Haggai 2:21-23; Zechariah 4:6-10, directly addressed to Zerubbabel. Finally Messiah combined both in Himself the Antitype (Zechariah 3:7-10; Zechariah 6:13)
Pieces - The passage in Zechariah 11:12,13 is quoted in the Gospel (Matthew 26:15 ), and from this we know that the word to be supplied is "shekels
Pekah - He is supposed by some to have been the "shephard" mentioned in Zechariah 11:16
Basin - A metallic vessel; sometimes rendered "bowl" (Amos 6:6 ; Zechariah 9:15 )
Whirlwind - In Job 37:9 "out of the south (literally, chamber, God's unseen regions in the southern hemisphere) cometh the whirlwind" (Isaiah 21:1); the south wind driving before it burning sands comes from the Arabian deserts upon Babylon (Zechariah 9:14)
Walls - ...
In scriptural language a wall is a symbol of salvation (Isaiah 26:1 ; Isa, Isaiah 60:18 ), of the protection of God (Zechariah 2:5 ), of those who afford protection (1 Samuel 25:16 ; Isaiah 2:15 ), and of wealth of the rich in their own conceit (Proverbs 18:11 )
Awake - Zechariah 13
Corner Stone - " Psalm 118:22,23 ; Zechariah 4:7 ; Matthew 21:42 ; 1 Peter 2:7
Cedar - ...
Zechariah 11:2 (b) This is a type of the great nation of Israel which had grown to be a world power and then because of disobedience to GOD was cut down and destroyed as a nation
Mule - 2 Samuel 13:29 ; 2 Samuel 18:9 ; 1 Kings 1:33,38,44 ; 1 Kings 10:25 ; Psalm 32:9 ; Isaiah 66:20 ; Ezekiel 27:14 ; Zechariah 14:15
Gold - Proverbs 17:3 ; Zechariah 13:9 ; and we read of 'choice gold,' 'fine gold,' 'pure gold
Grecians - Zechariah 9:13 foretells the triumphs of the Maccabees over the Græco-Syrian empire, while Isaiah looks forward to the conversion of the Greeks, amongst other Gentiles, through the instrumentality of Jewish missionaries
Greeks - Zechariah 9:13 foretells the triumphs of the Maccabees over the Græco-Syrian empire, while Isaiah looks forward to the conversion of the Greeks, amongst other Gentiles, through the instrumentality of Jewish missionaries
Daughter - " (Jeremiah 8:21) "Tell ye the daughter of Zion, Behold, thy King cometh unto thee!" Zechariah 9:9 with Matthew 21:5...
Jesus Christ - (See Zechariah 3:1)...
Aceldama - Zechariah 11:12
Apple of the Eye - Zechariah 2:8
Megiddo, Megiddon - Judges 5:19 ; 1 Kings 4:12 ; 1 Kings 9:15 ; 2 Kings 9:27 ; 2 Kings 23:29,30 ; 1 Chronicles 7:29 ; 2 Chronicles 35:22 ; Zechariah 12:11
Oil - The "pure," RV (AV, "beaten"), mentioned in Exodus 27:20 ; 29:40 ; Leviticus 24:2 ; Numbers 28:5 (now known as virgin oil), extracted by pressure, without heat, is called "golden" in Zechariah 4:12
Satan - The proper name appears five times in the Old Testament, 1 Chronicles 21:1; Job 1:6; Job 1:12; Job 2:1; Zechariah 3:1; in the New Testament 25 times; the word "devil" occurs 25 times; "the prince of this world," three times; "the wicked one," six times; "the tempter," twice
Nathan - A Hebrew prophet, Zechariah 12:12 ; a friend and counselor of David
Brass - It is also a symbol of strength, Psalm 107:16 Daniel 2:39 Zechariah 6:1
Right-Hand - The right-hand is significant of power, especially the almighty power of God, Exodus 15:6 Psalm 21:8 77:10 ; of honor, Psalm 45:9 Matthew 25:34 Acts 7:55 ; of special benediction, Genesis 48:14 ; of fraternal love, Galatians 2:9 ; of hostility, Psalm 109:6 Zechariah 3:1 ; and of allegiance, 1 Chronicles 29:24
Bag - (Zechariah 11:15 ; 16:5 ) ...
Tschar , properly a "bundle," ( Genesis 42:35 ) appears to have been used by travellers for carrying money during a long journey
Gabriel - He announced to Zechariah the coming birth of the Messiah’s forerunner (Luke 1:11-20), and then to Mary the coming birth of the Messiah himself (Luke 1:26-38)
Mourn - ...
...
Penitential mourning, by the Israelites on the day of atonement (Leviticus 23:27 ; Acts 27:9 ); under Samuel's ministry (1 Samuel 7:6 ); predicted in Zechariah (Zechariah 12:10,11 ); in many of the psalms (51, etc
Megiddo - MEGIDDO (in Zechariah 12:11 Megiddon ). Here king Ahaziah ( 2 Kings 9:27 ) died; and the good king Josiah, interfering in a quarrel between Pharaoh-necho and the king of Assyria, and opposing the former’s progress in the dangerous passage of Megiddo, was also slain ( 2 Kings 23:29-30 , 2 Chronicles 35:22 ), to the grief of all Israel ( Zechariah 12:11 )
Red - ...
Zechariah 1:8 (b) Since the myrtle trees represent those who live a happy life, some think that these horses are a type of CHRIST riding in power because of the red blood, and because of Calvary to protect and preserve His own people. (See Zechariah 6:5; Revelation 6:4)
Aging - ...
Old Testament References to aging persons in the Old Testament stress the physiological changes of aging (1 Kings 14:4 ; 2 Samuel 19:35 ; Ecclesiastes 12:1-5 ; Zechariah 8:4 ), the wisdom of the aging (Deuteronomy 32:7 ; Job 12:12 ), the honor due the aging (Exodus 20:12 ; Leviticus 19:32 ), and the continuing service of the aging (Genesis 12-50 , the patriarchs; Joshua 13:1 ; Joshua 14:10 ; Psalm 92:14 ; Joel 2:28 ). Christians are expected to care for widows (Acts 6:1-7 ), and the aging are expected to serve God as did Zechariah, Elizabeth, Simeon, and Anna in Luke 1-2
Shechinah - They anticipated the Shekinah's return under Messiah; Haggai 1:8 they paraphrase, "I will cause My Shekinah to dwell in it in glory"; Zechariah 2:10, "I will cause My Shekinah to dwell in the midst of thee," etc. Angels or cherubim generally accompany the Shekinah (Revelation 4:7-8; Psalms 68:17; Zechariah 14:5)
Fasts - There is no mention of any other periodical fast in the Old Testament except in Zechariah 7:1-7; Zechariah 8:19
Haggai - One of these prophets was Haggai, the other Zechariah (Ezra 5:1-2; Haggai 1:1; Zechariah 1:1)
Games -
Of children (Zechariah 8:5 ; Matthew 11:16 )
Rimmon - A city in the south of Judah, towards the border of Edom, Joshua 15:32 ; in Joshua 19:7 counted to Simeon; In Zechariah 14:10 named as lying to the far south of Jerusalem
Malachi - No allusion is made to him by Ezra, and he does not mention the restoration of the temple, and hence it is inferred that he prophesied after Haggai and Zechariah, and when the temple services were still in existence (Malachi 1:10 ; 3:1,10 )
Gath - Zephaniah 2:4 ; Zechariah 9:5,6
Menahem - Menahem became king by assassinating Shallum, who had killed King Zechariah only a month earlier (2 Kings 15:10-14 )
Engrave - Many materials were engraved including clay writing tablets (Isaiah 8:1 ), metal, precious gems, stone (Zechariah 3:9 ), and wood
Tin - (Ezekiel 27:12 ) It was used for plummets, (Zechariah 4:10 ) and was so plentiful as to furnish the writer of Ecclesiasticus, Sirach 47:18 , with a figure by which to express the wealth of Solomon
Basin - The largest basins were usually banquet bowls or mixing bowls for wine, although one of the largest was used in the sacrificial ritual at the great altar of the Temple (Zechariah 9:15 )
Nail - KJV used nail as an alternate translation for a Hebrew term modern translations consistently render peg (Exodus 35:18 ; Judges 4:21-22 ; Zechariah 10:4 )
Valley - Gaye is a deep ravine, gorge, or valley (Isaiah 40:4 ; Zechariah 14:4 )
Flock - Zechariah 11:7,11 : cf
Eyes - 2 Chronicles 16:9 ; Zechariah 4:10
Olive, Olive Tree - Zechariah 4:3,11,14 ; Revelation 11:3,4
Cleave - Zechariah 14
Consume - Zechariah 14
Teraphim - 2 Kings 23:24 ; Ezekiel 21:21 ; Zechariah 10:2
Earthquake - (See Amos 1:1; Zechariah 14:5) And a third took place at the death of Christ
Lamp - Oil for the light is further exemplified in the candlestick in Zechariah 4 , where the seven lamps are furnished with oil by pipes from two olive trees: to these God's two witnesses in a future day are compared
Samuel - Samuel began the order of the prophets, which was never discontinued till the death of Zechariah and Malachi, Acts 3:24
Horses - Horses were sometimes consecrated to idols, 2 Kings 23:11 , and were often used as symbols of angelic and earthly powers, under the control of God, 2 Kings 2:11 6:15-17 Zechariah 1:8 6:2-6 Revelation 2:18:13
Commerce - (Zechariah 14:21 ; Matthew 21:12 ; John 2:14 )
Fig, Fig Tree - ( 1 Kings 4:25 ; Micah 4:4 ; Zechariah 3:10 ) The fig is a pear-shaped fruit, and is much used by the Orientals for food
Four - ...
Zechariah 1:18 (c) The number in this case reveals that GOD had supreme power to send other nations to punish His own people. ...
Zechariah 1:20 (c) By this we learn that GOD had the power to mend and build up that which He Himself had destroyed. The four-fold destruction in Zechariah 1:18 was to be repaired by the four carpenters in Zechariah 1:20. ...
Zechariah 6:1 (b) The number in this case represents GOD's supreme power to punish Israel in four different ways, as described or illustrated by the four horses
Cornerstone - The New Testament draws on two Old Testament passages about the coming Messiah (Isaiah 28:16 ; Zechariah 10:4 ). Zechariah expands this promise by saying that the cornerstone will come from the tribe of Judah (10:4)
Fast - The only other mention of a periodical fast in the Old Testament is in Zechariah 7:1-7 ; 8:19 , from which it appears that during their captivity the Jews observed four annual fasts. ...
In the lapse of time the practice of fasting was lamentably abused (Isaiah 58:4 ; Jeremiah 14:12 ; Zechariah 7:5 )
Intercession - As examples of His intercession compare Isaiah 62:1, for Zion; Zechariah 1:12; Zechariah 1:14; Psalms 69:6-7, "let not them that wait on Thee, O Lord God of hosts, be ashamed, for My sake," etc
Nazarene - Men in applying the name unconsciously and in spite of themselves shed glory on Him; for Nazarene is related to neetser , a "branch," Messiah's distinctive title, indicating His descent from royal David yet His lowly state (Isaiah 11:1); the same thought and image appear in the term tsemach (Jeremiah 23:5; Jeremiah 33:15; Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12)
Vale - ...
Νachal , a wady or wide stream bed in winter filled by a torrent, but in summer dry and strewed with water worn stones and shrubs; KJV translated it also "brook," "river," "stream"; Βiqu'ah , a plain wider than a valley, the wide plain between Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon is still called Bequa'a (Joshua 11:17; Joshua 12:7), and Megiddo (Zechariah 12:11). "Bottom," metsullah (Zechariah 1:8), is a dell or shady bottom
Grecia, Greece - The same word is translated 'Grecia' in Daniel and 'Greece' in Zechariah. In Zechariah 9:13 Greece is mentioned as one of the nations to be subdued by Israel when Jehovah again fights for them
Zechariah - ' Ezra 5:1 ; Ezra 6:14 ; Zechariah 1:1,7 ; Zechariah 7:1,8
Potter - Matthew believes that this incident of the purchase of the field happened in fulfilment of Zechariah 11:12-13; which he reads as a prediction, and ascribes to Jeremiah. It is agreed that they are not by Zechariah
Potter - Matthew believes that this incident of the purchase of the field happened in fulfilment of Zechariah 11:12-13; which he reads as a prediction, and ascribes to Jeremiah. It is agreed that they are not by Zechariah
Names Titles And Offices of Christ - ...
Branch, Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12. ...
Shepherd in the land, Zechariah 11:16
Shepherd - The shepherd’s only weapons were a sling and a stick, though he may have used trained dogs to help him in his work (1 Samuel 17:40; 1 Samuel 17:49; Job 30:1; Psalms 23:4; Zechariah 11:7; Zechariah 11:10). Many of Israel’s leaders were bad shepherds, and because of them the nation crumbled (Isaiah 56:11; Jeremiah 50:6; Ezekiel 34:2-6; Zechariah 11:15-17)
Jehoshaphat, Valley of - Joel 3:2; Joel 3:12, parallel to Zechariah 14:2-4, where the mount of Olives answers to the "valley of Jehoshaphat" in Joel. ...
That this shall be in the Holy Land seems likely from Zechariah's definite mention of Mount Olivet (Zechariah 14:1; Zechariah 14:4-5) as the scene of Christ's return and from its having been the scene of His ascension; the angels moreover announced, "this same Jesus . Absalom's tomb and Zechariah's, besides Jehoshaphat's, are pointed out, but without good grounds for the tradition
Fellow - ...
In the former sense of the word, as applied to Christ, or spoken of him, we have that very precious unequalled passage of the Lord, by the prophet Zechariah, (Zechariah 13:7) where JEHOVAH calls him by this name, "The man that is my fellow, saith the Lord of hosts. Here again, the Lord JEHOVAH, the Father, gives the like testimony; for speaking to Joshua, the type of Jesus, the Lord saith, "Here now, O Joshua the high priest, thou and thy fellows that sit before thee, for they are men wondered at" (Zechariah 3:8) Wondered at indeed, to be fellow to him in his human nature, who, in his divine nature, "is fellow to the Lord of hosts!" But so it is: for the truth is undeniable. Neither would such venture to say, when our Lord quoted the passage of Zechariah, which he did in the hour of his sufferings, (see Zechariah 13:7 compared with Matthew 25:31-32) he meant no more than a mere proverbial expression, and had not the most distinct relation to his sufferings and death
Shallum - He assassinated Zechariah and was, in turn, assassinated by Menahem a month later (2 Kings 15:10-15 )
Laver - kiyor), a "basin" for boiling in, a "pan" for cooking (1 Samuel 2:14 ), a "fire-pan" or hearth (Zechariah 12:6 ), the sacred wash-bowl of the tabernacle and temple (Exodus 30:18,28 ; 31:9 ; 35:16 ; 38:8 ; 39:39 ; 40:7,11,30 , etc
Apple - (Compare the promise, Zechariah 2:8 ; the prayer, Psalm 17:8 ; and its fulfilment, Deuteronomy 32:10
Engraver - In Zechariah 3:9 "one stone
Husbandman, Husbandry - ]'>[2] has substituted for it in Zechariah 13:5 in modern English, a farmer
Brass - Copper is not found in Palestine proper, but in the Lebanon and Hermon (possibly the ‘mountains of brass’ of Zechariah 6:1 )
Arrow - (See also Numbers 24:8; Zechariah 9:14)
Ashkelon, Askelon - The judgements of God were denounced against this city, Jeremiah 25:20 ; Jeremiah 47:5,7 ; Amos 1:8 ; Zechariah 9:5 ; and the remnant of Judah should dwell there
Jeshua, Jeshuah - He is called JOSHUA in Haggai and Zechariah: See JOSHUA No
Bath-Kol - By this name the Jewish writers distinguish what they called a revelation from God, after verbal prophecy had ceased in Israel; that is, after the prophets Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi
Earthquake - One occurred in the twenty-seventh year of Uzziah king of Judah, and is mentioned in Amos 1:1 Zechariah 14:5
Rebuke - Zechariah 3
Cup - Psalm 11:6 ; 75:8 ; Isaiah 51:17 ; Jeremiah 25:15 ; Ezekiel 23:32-34 ; Zechariah 12:2
Earthquake - Earthquakes were well known events in the world of the Bible story (Exodus 19:18; 1 Samuel 14:15; 1 Kings 19:11; Amos 1:1; Zechariah 14:5; Matthew 27:54; Matthew 28:2; Acts 16:26)
Lots - Zechariah, the father of John the Baptist, was burning incense in the holy place when the angel spoke to him. Zechariah was there because the lot fell to him (Luke 1:9 )
Olive (Tree) - ...
Zechariah 4:3 (a) Plainly the passage indicates that these two olive trees are types of the Holy Spirit of GOD and the Word of GOD. (See Zechariah 4:3-6)
Black - ...
Zechariah 6:2 (b) These horses probably represent war and famine with the terrible results of both. It is said that these also are the four winds, as described in verse Zechariah 6:5
Joshua - Zechariah 3:1-9 ; Zechariah 6:11
Fasting - Zechariah does not allude to it, and Ezekiel 40:1-49 ; Ezekiel 41:1-26 ; Ezekiel 42:1-20 ; Ezekiel 43:1-27 ; Ezekiel 44:1-31 ; Ezekiel 45:1-25 ; Ezekiel 46:1-24 ; Ezekiel 47:1-23 ; Ezekiel 48:1-35 prescribes a more simple ceremonial for such an occasion, whence it may be inferred that the elaborate ritual of Leviticus 16:1-34 was not yet customary. But in Zechariah 7:3-5 ; Zechariah 8:19 we hear of four general fasts which were observed with comparative regularity. After the destruction of Jerusalem by Titus, a huge system of fasts was instituted, and the present Jewish calendar prescribes 22, besides the Day of Atonement, the Fast of Esther, and the four fasts of Zechariah 8:19
Peace, Spiritual - ) The Law, the Prophets, and the Writings of the Old Testament each bear testimony that such peace is the gift of God, for God alone can give peace in all its fullness (Leviticus 26:6 ; 1 Chronicles 12:18 ; 1 Chronicles 22:9 ; 1 Kings 2:33 ; Isaiah 26:12 ; Isaiah 52:7 ; Ezekiel 34:25 ; Ezekiel 37:26 ; Zechariah 6:13 ; Malachi 2:5-6 ; Job 22:21 ; Job 25:2 ; Psalm 4:8 ; Psalm 29:11 ; Psalm 37:37 ; Psalm 85:8 ; Psalm 122:6-8 ; Psalm 147:14 ; Proverbs 3:17 ). To be at peace is to be upright (Malachi 2:6 ), to be faithful (2 Samuel 20:19 ), to be an upholder of the truth (Esther 9:30 ; Zechariah 8:19 ), and to practice justice (Isaiah 59:8 ; Zechariah 8:16 )
Mantle - 'Addereth Twice occurs with the epithet "hairy" ( Genesis 25:25 ; Zechariah 13:4 , RSV)
Oil - Psalms 45:7; Zechariah 4:14; Isaiah 61:1; 1 John 2:20
Fenced Cities - The tower of Hananeel, near the north-east corner of the city wall, is frequently referred to (Nehemiah 3:1 ; 12:39 ; Zechariah 14:10 )
Nail - This word is also used metaphorically (Zechariah 10:4 ) for a prince or counsellor, just as "the battle-bow" represents a warrior
Ekron - Zechariah 9:5, "Ekron for her expectation shall be ashamed": she had expected Tyre would withstand Alexander in his progress southward toward Egypt; but her expectation shall bear the shame of disappointment
Teraphim - ...
Used for divination (Ezekiel 21:21; Zechariah 10:2), and to secure good fortune to a house, as the penates
Nathan - Several men named Nathan are mentioned in the Bible, one of them being a son of David in the line of descent that produced the Messiah (2 Samuel 5:14; Zechariah 12:12; Luke 3:31)
Tribe - In Matthew 24:30 (quoted from Zechariah 12:12) ‘tribe’ has the wider sense of a branch of the human race
Fellow - Zechariah 13
Firepan - In Zechariah 12:6 RV Jehoiada - It is recorded that Joash did that which was right in the sight of the Lord all the days of Jehoiada; but on the death of the priest, the king forgot his kindness and slew Zechariah his son
Behold - (Isaiah 42:1; Zechariah 3:8; Malachi 3:1) Sometimes, the word is used as a note of admiration, as when Jesus speaks of the loveliness of his church, (Song of Song of Solomon 1:15) or when the angels announced the birth of Christ
Corner - In Zechariah 10:4 the word "corner" is used to denote either the cornerstone or the most conspicuous part of a building, and evidently refers to Christ, Matthew 21:42
Border - The Jews had these attached to their mantles to remind them of the Law, according to Numbers 15:38,39 ; Deuteronomy 22:12 ; Zechariah 8:23
Months - שבט , Shebat, of February, Zechariah 1:7
Zacharias - Some suppose the prophet Zechariah to be intended; but history gives no account of his death
Zerubbabel or Zorobabel - He laid the foundations of the temple, Ezra 3:8,9 Zechariah 4:9 , and restored the worship of the Lord, and the usual sacrifices
Gath - (Zephaniah 2:4 ; Zechariah 9:5,6 ) It is familiar to the Bible student as the scene of one of the most romantic incidents in the life of King David
Christ - Some types of CHRIST:...
Aaron, Exodus 28:2 (c)...
Adam, Genesis 5:2 (c)...
Ark, (covenant), Exodus 25:10 (c)...
Ark, (Noah's), Genesis 6:14 (c)...
Ass, Genesis 49:14 (c)...
Author, Hebrews 5:9 (c)...
Bishop, 1 Peter 2:25 (a)...
Body, 1 Corinthians 12:12 (a)...
Branch, Zechariah 3:8 (a)...
Bread, John 6:51 (a)...
Bridegroom, Matthew 25:1 (b)...
Bullock, Leviticus 1:5 (c)...
Burnt Offering, Leviticus 1:3 (b)...
Calf, Revelation 4:7 (b)...
Captain, Hebrews 2:10 (a)...
Chief, Song of Solomon 5:10 (b)...
Commander, Isaiah 55:4 (b)...
Cornerstone, Isaiah 28:16 (a)...
Covert, Isaiah 32:2 (a)...
David, 2 Samuel 19:10 (c)...
Day, Psalm 118:24 (b)...
Door, John 10:9 (a)...
Eagle, Revelation 4:7 (b)...
Flour, Leviticus 2:1 (c)...
Foundation, Isaiah 28:16 (b)...
Fountain, Zechariah 13:1 (b)...
Garment, Isaiah 61:10 (b), Romans 13:14...
Gate, Psalm 118:20 (b)...
Gold, Isaiah 13:12 (a)...
Headstone, Psalm 113:22 (b)...
Heir, Hebrews 1:2 (a)...
Hen, Matthew 23:37 (a)...
Hiding Place, Isaiah 32:2 (a)...
High Priest, Hebrews 4:14 (a)...
Isaac, Genesis 24:36 (c)...
Jacob, Genesis 32:28 (c)...
Jonah, Matthew 12:40 (a)...
Joseph, Genesis 37:7 (c)...
Joshua, Joshua 1:1 (c)...
Judge, Acts 17:31 (a)...
King, Psalm 2:6 (a)...
Lamb, Revelation 5:6 (a)...
Leaves, Revelation 22:2 (c)...
Light, John 8:12 (a)...
Lily of the Valleys, Song of Solomon 2:1 (c)...
Lion, Revelation 5:5 (a)...
Manna, John 6:32 (a)...
Master of the House, Luke 13:25 (b)...
Meal, 2 Kings 4:41 (c)...
Mediator (umpire), 1 Timothy 2:5 (a)...
Melchizedek, Genesis 14:18 (c)...
Merchantman, Matthew 13:45 (b)...
Owl, Psalm 102:6 (a)...
Ox:, Ezekiel 1:10 (b)...
Passover, 1 Corinthians 5:7 (a)...
Peace Offering, Leviticus 3:1 (c)...
Pelican, Psalm 102:6 (a)...
Physician, Jeremiah 8:22 (c)...
Pigeon, Leviticus 12:6 (c)...
Propitiation (mercy seat), Romans 3:25 (a)...
Ram, Genesis 22:13 (a)...
Rock, Matthew 16:18 (a)...
Rock of Ages, Isaiah 26:4 (margin) (a)...
Rose of Sharon, Song of Solomon 2:1 (c)...
Root, Revelation 22:16 (a)...
Sabbath, Colossians 2:16-17 (b)...
Seed, Genesis 3:15 (a)...
Serpent, John 3:14 (a)...
Shepherd, John 10:11 (a)...
Sin, 2 Corinthians 5:21 (a)...
Sin Offering, Leviticus 4:32 (c)...
Solomon, 1 Kings 10:13 (c)...
Sower, Matthew 13:37 (a)...
Sparrow, Psalm 102:7 (a)...
Star, Revelation 22:16 (a)...
Sun, Malachi 4:2 (a)...
Temple, John 2:19 (a)...
Thief, Revelation 3:3 (a)...
Tree, Revelation 22:2 (b)...
Trespass Offering, Leviticus 5:6 (c)...
Turtle dove, Leviticus 1:14 (c)...
Vine, John 15:5 (a)...
Worm, Psalm 22:6 (a)...
Gold - , dug out; poetic for gold (Proverbs 8:10 ; 16:16 ; Zechariah 9:3 )
Coal - ]'>[4] ‘hearth’) or chafing-dish, the ‘pan of fire’ of Zechariah 12:6 RV Armageddon - Both this and "the valley of Jehoshaphat" (the scene of his great victory, 2 Chronicles 20:26, compare Zechariah 14:2-4) may be figurative phrases for the scene of the final conflict of Christ and Antichrist
Nail - ...
Zechariah 10:4 (b) This figure indicates that it is GOD Himself who has made CHRIST to be King and Sovereign
Onyx - Tyre's king, like the high priest with his precious stones, was the type of humanity in its unfallen perfection in Eden; antichrist will usurp the divine King Priest's office (Zechariah 6:13; compare Acts 12:21-23)
Woman - ...
Zechariah 5:7 (b) This woman represents Israel from the commercial standpoint
Gentleness - , Isaiah 57:15 , Zechariah 9:9 , Matthew 11:29
Hamath, Hemath - Ezekiel 47:16,17,20 ; Ezekiel 48:1 ; Amos 6:14 ; Zechariah 9:2
Shephelah - ...
The article is always prefixed, the shephelah (ha-Shephelah ), a "marked physical feature of the land"; like our phrase "the downs," "the wolds" (Zechariah 7:7; Joshua 15:33; Deuteronomy 1:7)
Angel - (Exodus 23:20; Zechariah 1:12; Malachi 3:1; Matthew 22:30 and Matthew 25:41; Revelation 2:1)
Launch - , Zechariah 4:12 , "that communicate with (the golden oil vessels)
Year - Psalms 74:17; Zechariah 14:8; Jeremiah 36:22; Amos 3:15
Malachi - 416, in the latter part of the administration of Negemiag, and after Haggai and Zechariah, at a time of great disorder among the priests and people of Judah, whom her reproves
Satan - Hence it is used particularly of the grand adversary of souls, the devil, the prince of the fallen angels, the accuser and calumniator of men before God, Job 1:7,12 Zechariah 3:1,2 Revelation 12:10
Olves, Mount of - So called from the olive trees with which its sides are clothed, is a mountain ridge on the east of Jerusalem (1 Kings 11:7 ; Ezekiel 11:23 ; Zechariah 14:4 ), from which it is separated by the valley of Kidron. It is first mentioned in connection with David's flight from Jerusalem through the rebellion of Absalom (2 Samuel 15:30 ), and is only once again mentioned in the Old Testament, in Zechariah 14:4
Gog - " (compare Ezekiel 39:2), who "shall do according to his will, and exalt and magnify himself above every god, and speak marvelous things against the God of gods, and shall enter also into the glorious land and plant the tabernacles of his palaces between the seas in the glorious holy mountain, and shall come to his end," through Michael's interposition, after a "time of trouble such as never was since there was a nation" (Daniel 11:21-45; Daniel 12:1; Zechariah 13:9; Zechariah 14:2-3)
House - " (1 Peter 2:5; Hebrews 3:6) But in a more general way, a family is called an house, such as the house of the Rechabites, (Jeremiah 35:2) the house of David, (Zechariah 13:1) But amidst all these, and more to the like import, that undoubtedly is the highest and the best sense of the word which considers the Lord Jesus Christ himself as the High Priest and Head of his body the church, and the bodies of his people the temple of his indwelling residence by his Spirit. "Lo! I come, said JEHOVAH, and I will dwell in the midst of thee;" (Zechariah 2:11) and this scriptural sense of the word may serve to shew why it was the patriarchs, and holy men of old, were so anxious concerning their households and brailles
Shepherd - Ezekiel 34:11-31) and to the rulers of the nation (Numbers 27:17, 2 Samuel 7:7, 1 Kings 22:17, Jeremiah 2:8; Jeremiah 3:15; Jeremiah 23:1-4, Ezekiel 34:2-10, Zechariah 10:3; Zechariah 11:3 ff; Zechariah 13:5)
Jeshua - It was resumed in Darius Hystaspis' year by Jeshua and Zerubbabel, with Haggai's (Haggai 1:1; Haggai 1:12; Haggai 1:14; Haggai 2:1-9) and Zechariah's cooperation (Zechariah 1-8), and completed in his sixth year, on the 3rd of the month Adar. " Jeshua represents Jerusalem (and so the church) before Jehovah; accused by Satan, but justified by Jehovah, of His own will and choice, through Messiah his Advocate, who strips off his rags (compare Isaiah 64:6), and "clothes him with change of raiment (the filthy garments were worn by those on trial; the white robe or caftan is put on an Eastern minister of state when acquitted; compare Isaiah 61:10), and sets a fair (symbolizing purity) mitre (the priestly turban, the pledge of the reestablished priesthood) upon his head," in answer to Zechariah's prayer Zechariah 3:1-9). They of the captivity brought silver and gold, which were made into crowns and set upon Jeshua's head by Jehovah's command; symbolizing the combination of kingship and priesthood in Messiah, unknown to the Levitical priesthood, realized in Him of whom Melehizedek was type (Zechariah 6:9-13; 1619166092_30; Hebrew 5-6)
Remnant - ...
Zechariah spoke in glowing terms of how the remnant, the returned exiles to Jerusalem, would prosper (Zechariah 8:6-17 ; Zechariah 9:9-17 ; Zechariah 14:1-21 )
Temptation - " ...
Temptation is common to all (Daniel 12:10 ; Zechariah 13:9 ; Psalm 66:10 ; Luke 22:31,40 ; Hebrews 11:17 ; James 1:12 ; 1 Peter 1:7 ; 4:12 )
Guard - The second refers to God as the guard of His people (Zechariah 9:8 )
Magic - ) for oracular answers (Judges 18:5,6 ; Zechariah 10:2 )
Brass - The "mountains of brass" (Zechariah 6:1 ) speaks of have been supposed to represent the immutable decrees of God
Ephah - The vision of Zechariah 5:7 of a woman sitting in an ephah basket contains the imaginative images of visions, for any ephah would be far too small for a woman to sit in
Nail - This is also the better rendering in Zechariah 10:4 , where it is synonymous with ‘corner-stone,’ both terms signifying the princes or leading men of the State as its supports
Nile - Prophetic announcements of judgment on Egypt therefore often included graphic pictures of the drying up of the Nile (Ezekiel 29:1-10; Ezekiel 30:12; Zechariah 10:11)
Beard - The regular Hebrew word for “beard” (zaqan ) also means “old” and was applied to men (Judges 19:16 ), slaves (Genesis 24:2 ), women (Zechariah 8:4 ), and elders (Exodus 19:7 )
Charm - Human charm can be deceitful (Proverbs 31:30 ), yet the Hebrew term used—chen —is a characteristic of God's gift of the Spirit (Zechariah 12:10 )
Chariots - Chariots were also seen in prophetic visions (Zechariah 6:1-8 ) and applied figuratively to Elijah's and Elisha's power (2 Kings 2:12 ; 2 Kings 13:14 )
Prisoners - ...
Zechariah 9:11 (a) Because the Lord JESUS had shed His precious Blood at Calvary, therefore He could go down to those who were kept in Paradise, and whose sins had been covered by the blood of the animals
Apple - ...
Zechariah 2:8 (a) GOD is evidently notifying the world that the nation of Israel is unusually dear and precious to Him, and that He will protect that nation from every enemy
Stork, - Zechariah 5:9
Ashdod - Jeremiah, Amos, Zephaniah, and Zechariah speak denunciations against it
Gaza - Amos 1:6,7 ; Zephaniah 2:4 ; Zechariah 9:5
Tabernacles Feast of - Numbers 29:12-40; Deuteronomy 16:13-15; Zechariah 14:16-19
Spirit - Add to this, spirit is sometimes put for the disposition of the heart or mind: see Numbers 5:14 ; Zechariah 12:10 ; Luke 13:11 ; Isaiah 11:2
Horn - Since wild animals used their horns to defend themselves or attack their enemies, Israelites often spoke of the horn as a symbol of power (Deuteronomy 33:17; 1 Kings 22:11; Psalms 18:2; Psalms 22:21; Psalms 75:5; Psalms 75:10; Psalms 92:10; Zechariah 1:21; Luke 1:69; Revelation 5:6)
Widow - Widows from their poverty and unprotectedness, are regarded in OT as under the special guardianship of God ( Psalms 68:6 ; Psalms 146:9 , Proverbs 15:25 , Deuteronomy 10:18 , Jeremiah 49:11 ); and consequently due regard for their wants was looked upon as a mark of true religion, ensuring a blessing on those who showed it ( Job 29:13 ; Job 31:16 , Isaiah 1:17 , Jeremiah 7:6-7 ; Jeremiah 22:3-4 ); while neglect of, cruelty or injustice towards them were considered marks of wickedness meriting punishment from God ( Job 22:9-10 ; Job 24:20-21 , Psalms 94:6 , Isaiah 1:23 ; Isaiah 10:2 , Zechariah 7:10 ; Zechariah 7:14 , Malachi 3:5 )
Pastor - Sometimes he represents him as the Great Shepherd, (Hebrews 13:20) —and sometimes he calls him the Good Shepherd, which giveth his life for the sheep, (John 10:11) —and by his servant the prophet Zechariah, he calls him JEHOVAH'S Shepherd, (Zechariah 13:7) —and by Peter, the Chief Shepherd, holding him forth to the under pastors of his flock as a glorious pattern for them to follow, assuring them that when the Chief Shepherd shall appear "they shall receive a crown of glory that fadeth not away
Zephaniah - Father of Hen or Josiah (Zechariah 6:14). Zechariah 6:4
Fountain - Zechariah, pointing in his days to the atonement which was to be made in the fulness of time, by the shedding of the blood of Christ, describes it as a fountain that was to be opened in which the inhabitants of Jerusalem might wash away all their impurities: "In that day there shall be a fountain opened to the house of David, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, for sin and for uncleanness," Zechariah 13:1
Josiah - Son of Zephaniah, at whose house Zechariah assembled the chief men of the captivity when Joshua the son of Josedech was crowned. Zechariah 6:10
Dreams - Both Jeremiah and Zechariah spoke against relying on dreams to express the revelation of God. Zechariah pointed people toward the Lord, apparently because they were relying on dreamers and others to give them the truth (Zechariah 10:1-2 )
David - In the period after the return from Babylon, the author of the last section of Zechariah (Zechariah 12:7 to Zechariah 13:1) describes the glories of the coming time in connexion with the Davidic dynasty: ‘The house of David shall be as God, as the angel of Jehovah before them
False Prophets - The majority may be regarded rather as men accustomed to the outward signs of the prophetic office, the hairy mantle (Zechariah 13:4, cf. It was principally in the later prophetic period of Micah, Jeremiah, and Zechariah that these prophets of smooth things, subject to no true and Divine revelation, came to be regarded as professional tricksters, making a living out of their false predictions (Micah 3:5, Zechariah 13:4-5)
David - In the period after the return from Babylon, the author of the last section of Zechariah (Zechariah 12:7 to Zechariah 13:1) describes the glories of the coming time in connexion with the Davidic dynasty: ‘The house of David shall be as God, as the angel of Jehovah before them
Philistia - The Philistines are mentioned 310 times in the Old Testament, from Genesis to Zechariah
Baptism of Fire - But it can also have a positive, purifying effect on God's people (Isaiah 1:25 ; Zechariah 13:9 ; Malachi 3:2-3 ; 1 Corinthians 3:13-15 ; 1 Peter 1:7 ; Revelation 3:18 )
Stones - The notice in (Zechariah 12:3 ) of the "burdensome stone" is referred by Jerome to the custom of lifting stones as an exercise of strength, comp
Nathan - Zechariah 12:12
Lead - Zechariah 5:7-8, "the weight of lead" upon the ephah's mouth, covering personified wickedness, implies the impossibility of her escape from beneath the ponderous load weighing her down
Stork - ...
( Zechariah 5:9 ) alludes to the beauty and power of the stork's wings
Zephaniah - ...
...
The father of Josiah, the priest who dwelt in Jerusalem when Darius issued the decree that the temple should be rebuilt (Zechariah 6:10 )
Rape - Rape was one horror associated with the fall of Jerusalem (Lamentations 5:11 ; Zechariah 14:2 )
Bashan - It was noted for mountains ( Psalms 68:15 ), lions ( Deuteronomy 33:22 ), oak trees ( Isaiah 2:13 , Ezekiel 27:6 , Zechariah 11:2 ), and especially cattle, both rams ( Deuteronomy 32:14 ) and bullocks ( Ezekiel 39:18 ); the bulls and kine of Bashan are typical of cruelty and oppression ( Psalms 22:12 , Amos 4:1 )
Bowl - ...
From the above are to be distinguished the bowl or reservoir for the oil of the ‘candlestick’ (Zechariah 4:2 f
South - The rarefaction produced by the sun’s rays on the bare desert gave rise to whirlwinds, which gathered up the dust in tall swaying columns that moved like evil genii over the land until they suddenly broke and dispersed (Job 37:9, Zechariah 9:14)
Stork - Four feet high, with jet black wings and bright red beak and legs (Zechariah 5:9)
Mitre - " In Zechariah 3:1-8 , where Joshua the high priest, as a representative of the people, is delivered from the resistance of Satan, and is cleansed, a fair mitre (tsaniph , a kindred word to the above) is set upon his head, and he is clothed with garments
Access - Thus they had a place to stand in the king's presence (Zechariah 3:7 )
Sit (Downsitting) - ...
Zechariah 5:7 (b) Probably the woman represents Israel, while lead represents the heavy burdens and the weight of sorrow in which Israel is sitting
Zerubbabel - He is always named first as being the chief of the Jews that returned to their own country, Ezra 2:2 ; Ezra 3:8 ; Ezra 5:2 ; he laid the foundations of the temple, Ezra 3:8-9 ; Zechariah 4:9 , &c; and restored the worship of the Lord, and the usual sacrifices
Earthquake - This is mentioned in Amos 1:1 , and in Zechariah 14:5
Fir Tree - ברוש , occurs 2 Samuel 6:5 ; 1 Kings 5:8 ; 1 Kings 5:10 ; 1 Kings 6:15 ; 1 Kings 6:34 ; 1 Kings 9:11 ; 2 Kings 19:23 ; 2 Chronicles 2:8 ; 2 Chronicles 3:5 ; Psalms 104:17 ; Isaiah 14:8 ; Isaiah 37:24 ; Isaiah 41:19 ; Isaiah 55:13 ; Isaiah 60:13 ; Ezekiel 27:5 ; Ezekiel 31:8 ; Hosea 14:8 ; Nahum 2:3 ; Zechariah 11:2
Lamp - (Exodus 25:37 ; 1 Kings 7:49 ; 2 Chronicles 4:20 ; 13:11 ; Zechariah 4:2 ) The lamps were lighted every evening and cleansed every morning
Oak - Robinson speaks of one at Hebron which had a trunk twenty-two and a half feet in circumference; and saw the crests and sides of the hills beyond the Jordan still clothed, as in ancient times, with magnificent oaks, Isaiah 2:13 Zechariah 11:2
Remnant - Zechariah 8:12 : cf
Crown - ...
The "miter" elsewhere is always used of the high priest; but the anointed king partook of the priestly character, from whence his "diadem" is so-called (Exodus 19:6; Exodus 28:4; Zechariah 3:5); also the crown, the emblem of the kingdom; until they be restored and united in the Mediator Messiah (Psalms 110:2; Psalms 110:4; Zechariah 6:13)
Dayspring - ...
A different translation is based on the fact that ἀνατολή in LXX Septuagint stands several times for צֶמַח, a ‘shoot’ or ‘branch,’ one of the prophetic names of the Messiah (Jeremiah 23:5, Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12; cf
Megiddo - ...
After returning from Exile, Zechariah prophesied that the mourning for the false deities of Hadad and Rimmon (Hadad-rimmon) that took place in the plain below Megiddon (Megiddo) would be matched by Israel's mourning for its smitten Lord (Zechariah 12:11 )
Olives, Mount of - Ezekiel ( Ezekiel 11:23 ) and Zechariah ( Zechariah 14:4 ) make it the scene of ideal theophanies: the literal interpretation of the latter prophecy has given rise to many curious and unprofitable speculations
Oil - ...
Type of the Holy Spirit's unction (2 Corinthians 1:21; 1 John 2:20; 1 John 2:27) and illumination (Zechariah 4:11-12). " Ordinances and ministers are channels, not the grace itself; Zechariah 4:14, "anointed ones," Hebrew sons of oil; Isaiah 5:1, "very fruitful hill," Hebrew "horn of the son of oil
White - ...
Zechariah 1:8 (b) It is generally thought among Bible students that the white horse represents famine in some cases, and power in other cases. (See also Zechariah 6:6)
Fast, Fasting - ...
Later on we read of four fasts being kept, Zechariah 7:5 ; Zechariah 8:19 , though we have no record of their having been instituted by God
Abijah - Wife of Ahaz, and mother of good Hezekiah; perhaps a descendant of the Zechariah slain between the temple and the altar (2 Chronicles 24:21; 2 Chronicles 26:5; 2 Chronicles 29:1); certainly daughter of Zechariah, probably the one through whom Uzziah sought God
Joash - Then the Spirit of the Lord coming upon the High Priest Zechariah, son of Jehoiada, he reproved the people; but they who heard him stoned him, according to orders from their king. His servants then revolted against him, and killed him in his bed, by which the blood of Zechariah the high priest was avenged
Month - (1 Kings 8:2 ) In the second place we have the names which prevailed subsequent to the Babylonish captivity; of these the following seven appear in the Bible: Nisan, the first, in which the passover was held, (Nehemiah 2:1 ; Esther 3:7 ) Sivan, the third (Esther 8:9 ) Baruch 1:8 ; Elul, the sixth, (Nehemiah 6:15 ) 1 Maccabees 14:27 ; Chisleu, the ninth, (Nehemiah 1:1 ; Zechariah 7:1 ) 1 Maccabees 1:54 ; Tebeth, the tenth, (Esther 2:16 ) Sebat, the eleventh, (Zechariah 1:7 ) 1 Maccabees 16:14 ; and Adar, the twelfth
Abijah - A leading priest in the days of the return from Exile (Nehemiah 12:4 ), and then a priestly house (Nehemiah 12:17 ) to which Zechariah, father of John the Baptist, belonged (Luke 1:5 )
Olive-Tree - " (Compare Zechariah 4:3,11-14
Theocracy - The divine will is expressed in decrees that are implemented by members of Yahweh's court (see 1 Kings 22:1 ; Isaiah 6:1 ; Job 1-2 ; Zechariah 3:1 )
Divided Kingdom - Under the leadership of men like Zerubbabel, Joshua, Haggai, Zechariah, Ezra, and Nehemiah, the Southern Kingdom was reborn, beginning in 538 B
Lightning - for ‘lightnings’ ( Exodus 20:18 ); a word of uncertain meaning, châzÄ­z ( Job 28:26 ; Job 38:35 , Zechariah 10:1 ), is evidently related to thunder , and should probably in each case be tr
Horn - , Zechariah 1:18 ff
Age, Old - ...
In the millennium, when there shall be a worldwide theocracy, with Israel for its center, the temporal sanction of exceeding long life (as in patriarchal times) shall be the reward for piety, and shortened years the penalty of any exceptional sin (Isaiah 65:20; Zechariah 8:4)
Josiah - Zechariah 12:11
Fir (Tree) - ...
Zechariah 11:2 (b) The comparison here is between the size of the little fir tree and the great cedar tree
Water - (Zechariah 13:1; Song of Song of Solomon 4:15) And God the Holy Ghost as a fountain, filling the hearts of the redeemed, and causing them to overflow in the day of Christ
Shepherd - Psalm 23 ; Zechariah 13:7 ; John 10:2-16 ; Hebrews 13:20 ; 1 Peter 5:4 ; etc
Abomination - An object of disgust (Leviticus 18:22); a detestable act (Ezekiel 22:11); a ceremonial pollution (Genesis 43:32); especially an idol (1 Kings 11:5-7; 2 Kings 23:13); food offered to idols (Zechariah 9:7)
Incomprehensibility of God - To admire and reverence the Divine Being, Zechariah 9:17
Bashan - Isaiah 2:13; Ezekiel 27:6; Zechariah 11:2
Zion - Song of Solomon 1:1-17, Isaiah 47:1-15, Jeremiah 17:1-27, Lamentations 15, Joel 7, Amos 2:1-16, Obadiah 1:2, Micah 9, Zephaniah 2:1-15, Zechariah 8:1-23
Earthquake - Of the former only one is mentioned in the OT, that which occurred in the reign of Uzziah (Amos 1:1 , Zechariah 14:5 ); among the latter must be included such references as Exodus 19:18 , 1 Kings 19:11 , Numbers 16:31 , Psalms 18:7 ; Psalms 68:8 ; Psalms 77:18 ; Psalms 104:4 , Isaiah 29:6 etc
Earthquake - Amos 1:1 ; Zechariah 14:5
Impossible - , Genesis 18:14 ; Leviticus 25:35 , "he fail;" Deuteronomy 17:8 ; Job 4:4 , "feeble;" Job 42:2 ; Daniel 4:6 ; Zechariah 8:6
Horn - , Zechariah 1:18 ff
Compassion - Often it expresses God's anger and decision no longer to show mercy and pity (Zechariah 11:6 ). God looked to pour out a spirit of grace or “compassion” ( Zechariah 12:10 NRSV) on His people so they would mourn for the one they pierced. Compare Hosea 2:4 ,Hosea 2:4,2:23 ; Zechariah 1:16 ; Zechariah 10:6
Cornerstone - The figure is often applied to rulers or leaders (Psalm 118:22 ; Psalm 144:12 ; Isaiah 19:13 NIV, REB, NAS; Zechariah 10:4 )
Cedar - "The mighty conquerors of olden days, the despots of Assyria and the Pharaohs of Egypt, the proud and idolatrous monarchs of Judah, the Hebrew commonwealth itself, the war-like Ammonites of patriarchal times, and the moral majesty of the Messianic age, are all compared to the towering cedar, in its royal loftiness and supremacy (Isaiah 2:13 ; Ezekiel 17:3,22,23,31:3-9 ;; Amos 2:9 ; Zechariah 11:1,2 ; Job 40:17 ; Psalm 29:5 ; 80:10 ; 92:12 , etc)
Shimei - "The family of Shimei" (Zechariah 12:13 ; RSV, "the family of the Shimeites") were the descendants of Shimei (1)
Hamath - Fortress, the capital of one of the kingdoms of Upper Syria of the same name, on the Orontes, in the valley of Lebanon, at the northern boundary of Palestine (Numbers 13:21 ; 34:8 ), at the foot of Hermon (Joshua 13:5 ) towards Damascus (Zechariah 9:2 ; Jeremiah 49:23 )
Megiddo - So general and bitter was this mourning that it became a proverb, to which (Zechariah 12:11,12 ) alludes
Corner - When (Zechariah 10:4 ), speaking of Judah, says, "Out of him came forth the corner," he is probably to be understood as ultimately referring to the Messiah as the "corner stone
ir-ha-Heres - Queen Candace's chamberlain whom Philip met on his return from worshipping at Jerusalem, is an earnest of a fuller conversion to come (Zephaniah 3:9; Zechariah 14:9; Revelation 7:9)
lo-Ammi - " Not only Judaea, but the whole earth shall be the seed plot wherein Gentile nations shall be the spiritual growth of the Jewish seed sown everywhere (Micah 5:7; Romans 11:12; Romans 11:15; Zechariah 10:9)
Bands - ...
(V) "Bands" means, in Zechariah 11:7, the bond of brotherhood which originally hound together Judah and Jerusalem, severed because of their unfaithfulness to the covenant, but to be restored everlastingly when they shall turn to Messiah (Ezekiel 37:15-28), and when Messiah "shall make them one nation upon the mountains of Israel
Equal, Equality - , Job 36:29 ; Zechariah 4:7
Ashdod - ...
These calamities were foretold Jeremiah 25:20; Amos 1:8; Zephaniah 2:4; Zechariah 9:5-6, "a bastard shall dwell in Asdod," i
Bashan - From this time Bashan almost disappears from history, although we read of the wild cattle of its rich pastures (Ezekiel 39:18 ; Psalm 22:12 ), the oaks of its forests (Isaiah 2:13 ; Ezekiel 27:6 ; Zechariah 11:2 ), and the beauty of its extensive plains (Amos 4:1 ; Jeremiah 50:19 )
Fasting - ...
Fasting is to be done with the object of seeking to know God in a deeper experience (Isaiah 58:1 ; Zechariah 7:5 )
Menahem - The words (2 Kings 15:14; 2 Kings 15:16) "from Tirzah" imply that Menahem was a general under Zechariah, stationed at Tirzah (now Tallusa), and that he marched thence with some troops to Samaria, and avenged his master's murder by Shallum
Fountain - The blessedness of the endtime includes pictures of fountains flowing from the Temple (Joshua 15:34 ; Joel 3:18 ), Jerusalem (Zechariah 14:8 ), or the throne of God (Revelation 22:1-2 ) with amazing life-giving powers
Nathan - In Zechariah 12:12 the Nathan who is recognized as head of a house is probably David’s son
Shallum - As he assassinated his predecessor Zechariah, so in turn he was ‘removed’ by his successor Menahem ( 2 Kings 15:10 ff
Rimmon - Of Judah in Simeon's portion (Joshua 15:32, where Joshua 15:29 for Joshua 15:36 is a copyist's error); near the southern bound of Judah (Zechariah 14:10)
Dew - A leading source of fertility (Genesis 27:28; Deuteronomy 33:13; Job 29:19; Hosea 14:5; Isaiah 18:4; Zechariah 8:12)
Dream - Dreams were a frequent means of imposture and idolatry Deuteronomy 13:1-3; Zechariah 10:2)
Vision - In 2 Samuel 7:17 ; Isaiah 22:1 ,Isaiah 22:1,22:5 ; Joel 3:1 ; and Zechariah 13:4 , the Hebrew word refers to the prophetic function of receiving and delivering the word of God by the prophet
Josiah - Son of Zephaniah ( Zechariah 6:10 )
Lion - ’...
Lions have been extinct in Palestine since the time of the Crusades, but evidently were once plentiful, especially in the thickets along the Jordan (Jeremiah 49:19 ; Jeremiah 50:44 , Zechariah 11:3 )
Prison - One place was a place of comfort, and those in that place were called prisoners of hope, as in Zechariah 9:12
Goat - The atuwd , "he goat", the leader of the flock; hence the chief ones of the earth, leaders in mighty wickedness; the ram represents headstrong wantonness and offensive lust (Isaiah 14:9; Zechariah 10:3; compare Matthew 25:32-33; Ezekiel 34:17)
Yale, Valley - gay, ge, ravine, narrow glen: applied to Charashim, Hamon-Gog, Hinnom, Son of Hinnom, Jiphthah-el, Zeboim, and Zephathah; and used symbolically for 'Valley of the Mountains' ( Zechariah 14:5 ); 'of the passengers' (Ezekiel 39:11 ); 'of salt' (2 Samuel 8:13 ; 2 Kings 14:7 ; 1 Chronicles 18:12 ; 2 Chronicles 25:11 ; Psalm 60 title ); 'of craftsmen' (Nehemiah 11:35 ); 'of slaughter' (Jeremiah 7:32 ; Jeremiah 19:6 ); 'of vision' (Isaiah 22:1,5 ); 'of the shadow of death
Saviour - ) Isaiah, Joshua or Jeshua, Jesus, Hoshea, Hosea, are various forms of the is associated with the idea, and the term Redeemer (goel ) implies how God can be just and at the same time a saviour of mall (Isaiah 43:3; Isaiah 43:11; Isaiah 45:15; Isaiah 45:21-24; Isaiah 45:25; Isaiah 41:14; Isaiah 49:26; Isaiah 9:16-17; Zechariah 9:9; Hosea 1:7)
Abana - Spiritually, men through proud self sufficiency refuse the waters of Shiloah that go softly (Isaiah 8:6), the gospel "fountain opened for uncleanness," preferring earthly "waters" (Jeremiah 2:18; Zechariah 13:1)
Alexander the Great - Related Old Testament Passages—Daniel 7:6 (leopard Alexander the Great); Daniel 8:8 (broken horn death of Alexander); Daniel 11:3-4 (mighty king Alexander); Zechariah 9:1-8 (Alexander's conquest of Palestine)
Myrtle - חדס , Nehemiah 8:15 ; Isaiah 41:19 ; Isaiah 55:13 :...
Zechariah 1:8-10 ; a shrub, sometimes growing to a small tree, very common in Judea
Josiah - The death of this wise and pious king was deeply lamented, by the prophet Jeremiah and all the people, Zechariah 12:11
Wake - Zechariah 4
Josi'ah - (Zechariah 6:10 ) (B
Divination - Numerous forms of divination are mentioned, such as divination by rods, ( Hosea 4:12 ) divination by arrows, (Ezekiel 21:21 ) divination by cups, (Genesis 44:5 ) consultation of teraphim, (1 Samuel 15:23 ; Ezekiel 21:21 ; Zechariah 10:2 ) [1]; divination by the liver, (Ezekiel 21:21 ) divination by dreams, (13:2,3; Judges 7:13 ; Jeremiah 23:32 ) consultation of oracles
Jealousy - He desires their faithfulness and has a deep concern for their well-being (Exodus 20:4-5; Deuteronomy 6:15; Joshua 24:19; Psalms 78:58; Zechariah 1:14; 1 Corinthians 10:21-22; James 4:5)
Zacharias - (Luke 1:68-80; Isaiah 12:1-3; Zechariah 12:10,) "The horn of salvation in the house of David" contrasts beautifully with "the little horn" or antichrist destroying Israel before Messiah shall appear for Israel's help (Daniel 7:8; Daniel 8:9-14; Daniel 8:11; Daniel 12:1-3). However, as "son of Barachias" does not occur in Luke 11:51, perhaps the words in Matthew were a marginal gloss, confusing this Zacharias with Zechariah the prophet, son of Berechiah
Sidon - By the time of Zechariah (Zechariah 9:2) Tyre has the precedency, "Tyrus and Sidon
Holy Spirit - Joseph's dreams are perceived to be divinely inspired (Genesis 41:38 ); King David, as a mouthpiece for God, proclaimed that “the Spirit of the Lord speaks” (2 Samuel 23:2 ); and Zechariah announced the word of the Lord to Zerubbabel, “Not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit,' saith the Lord of Hosts” (Zechariah 4:6 ). Zechariah and Elizabeth, John's parents, were informed that their son will “be filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother's womb” (Luke 1:15 )
Haggai - Haggai first, and Zechariah two months later, were commissioned by Jehovah (Haggai 1:1) in Darius' (Hystaspes) second year, 520 B. " The Septuagint associate Haggai and Zechariah in the titles of Psalm 137; Psalm 145-148; the Vulgate in the titles of Psalm 111; 145; the Syriac in those of Psalm 125; Psalm 126; Psalm 145-148. ) first chanted the Hallelujah, the hymn of Haggai and Zechariah, in the second temple
Darius - In his second year Haggai (Haggai 1:1; Haggai 2:1; Haggai 2:10) and Zechariah (Zechariah 3-4; Zechariah 7:1-3) the prophets encouraged Zerubbabel and Jeshua to resume the building of the temple that had been discontinued (Ezra 5)
How the Prophetic Gift Was Received - --Of the sixteen prophets, four are usually called the great prophets, namely, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and Daniel, and twelve the Minor prophets, namely, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakuk,Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi. They may be divided into four groups: the prophets of the northern kingdom --Hosea, Amos, Joel, Jonah; the prophets of the southern kingdom --Isaiah, Jeremiah, Obadiah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah; the prophets of the captivity --Ezekiel and Daniel; the prophets of the return --Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi. They may be arranged in the following chronological order, namely, Joel, Jonah, Hoses, Amos, Isaiah, Micah, Nahum, Zephaniah, Habakkuk, Obadiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi
Entry Into Jerusalem - describes the entry in keeping with his representation of Jesus as the Malkâ Mĕshihâ of the Jews, and in consonance with the prophecy of Zechariah 9:9. In Zechariah 9:9 the Heb. ’ There is thus only one ass in Zechariah. ’...
The prophecy Matthew 21:5, a compound of Isaiah 62:11 and Zechariah 9:9, is taken partly from Heb. ]'>[5] 2 Samuel 7:12), ‘branch’ (Jeremiah 23:5 and Zechariah 6:13, where the Aram. ’s remarkable omission from Zechariah 9:9 of נוֹשָׁע (σώζων, LXX Septuagint), which would have thrown a new light on this cry, seem to denude the expression of any special significance. The harmony between the two offices of the Messiah as king and priest is well described in Zechariah 6:13 ‘and the counsel of peace shall be between the two’ (so Rosenm. The meek and afflicted [13] saint of Psalms 22:24, the Psalm appropriated by Jesus on the cross, was represented by Him who wept over the city and entered it ‘meek [14], and sitting upon an ass. LXX Septuagint in Zechariah 9:9 preferred ὑποζύγιον and πῶλος to the despised word
Malachi - He supported or followed up the governor Nehemiah in the restoration of the national polity civil and religious, as Haggai and Zechariah previously had supported Joshua the high priest and Zerubbabel the civil governor in building the temple, Malachi (Zechariah 1:10; Zechariah 3:1-10) presupposes the temple already built. Thus kingly (Zerubbabel and Nehemiah), priestly (Joshua and Ezra), and prophetic men (Haggai and Zechariah and Malachi) headed God's people at the earlier and the later stage in the restoration of Jerusalem
Tabernacles, Feast of - Kept with joy on the return from Babylon (Nehemiah 8); compare the contemporary Psalms 118:14-15; Psalms 118:19-20; Psalms 118:22-27, in undesigned coincidence, alluding to the feast, the joy, the building of the walls, and setting up of the gates; Zechariah 4:7-10; Zechariah 3:9; Zechariah 14:16-17
Zacharias - (See Zechariah
Cedar - The finest of the trees of Lebanon, the principal constituent of its ‘glory’ ( Isaiah 35:2 ; Isaiah 60:13 ); it was noted for its strength ( Psalms 29:5 ), its height ( 2 Kings 19:23 ) and its majesty ( 1 Kings 4:33 , 2 Kings 14:9 , Zechariah 11:1-2 )
Grass - Humans depend on God to make grass grow (Psalm 104:14 ; Micah 5:7 ; Zechariah 10:1 )
Stork - ( Zechariah 6:9 ) In the neighborhood of man it devours readily all kinds of offal and garbage
Ass - (Zechariah 9:9 ) predicted our Lord's triumphal entrance into Jerusalem, "riding upon an ass, and upon a colt," etc
Lions - They had their lairs in the forests (Jeremiah 5:6 ; 12:8 ; Amos 3:4 ), in the caves of the mountains (Song of Solomon 4:8 ; Nahum 2:12 ), and in the canebrakes on the banks of the Jordan (Jeremiah 49:19 ; 50:44 ; Zechariah 11:3 )
Messiah - From Psalm 2; Jeremiah 23:5-6; Zechariah 9:9, the Jews expected a triumphant king, but overlooked the prophecies of His sufferings first (Isaiah 53; Luke 24:21-26-27)
Satan - , 1 Samuel 29:4 ; Psalm 38:20 ; 71:13 ; four in Psalm 109 ; (c) of "Satan," the Devil, some seventeen or eighteen times in the OT; in Zechariah 3:1 , where the name receives its interpretation, "to be (his) adversary," RV (see marg
Borrow - ...
As they had spoiled Israel by the bondservice unremunerated, so Israel, Jehovah's host (Exodus 12:41) marched forth "with an high hand" (Exodus 14:8)," by strength of Jehovah's hand" (Exodus 13:16), having "spoiled" their spoilers, an earnest of the saints' and Israel's final victory over the world powers and the prince of this world (Zechariah 14:14)
Meekness - ...
Meekness or gentleness is exemplified by God (2 Samuel 22:36 , Psalm 18:35 ), Moses (Numbers 12:1-13 ), and Jesus (Zechariah 9:9 , Matthew 11:29 , Matthew 12:14-21 ; Matthew 21:5 )
Vale, Valley - It is rendered by "valley" in (34:3; Joshua 11:8,17 ; 12:7 ; 2 Chronicles 35:22 ; Zechariah 12:11 ) ...
has-Shefelah
Winds - (Ezekiel 37:9 ; Daniel 8:8 ; Zechariah 2:6 ; Matthew 24:31 ) The north wind, or, as it was usually called "the north," was naturally the coldest of the four, Sirach 43:20 and its presence is hence invoked as favorable to vegetation in ( Song of Solomon 4:16 ) It is described in (Proverbs 25:23 ) as bringing rain; in this case we must understand the northwest wind
Javan - God in retribution for the enslaving of Judah's children (Zechariah 9:13) declares He will fill His bow with Judah and Ephraim as His arrows, and "raise up thy sons, O Zion, against thy sons, O Greece"; fulfilled partly in His raising up the Jewish Maccabees against Antiochus Epiphanes the representative of Greece; hereafter to be exhaustively consummated in Israel being made victorious over the last antichrist, Antiochus' antitype
Degrees, Songs of - The temple was completed under Zerubbabel the governor and Joshua the high priest, with the help of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah (Ezra 5:1-2; Ezra 6:14)
Headdress - It and the flowing outer "robe" characterize an oriental grandee or high priest (Zechariah 3:5)
Messiah - They expected a triumphant worldly king, according to Psalms 2:1-12; Jeremiah 23:5-6; Zechariah 9:9, and that his triumph was to be accomplished by sufferings and death they did not understand
Lamps, Lighting, Lampstand - Each branch may have had a seven-spouted lamp (Zechariah 4:2 ), as do some individual lamps found in Palestine
Bashan - Isaiah 2:13 ; Ezekiel 27:6 ;Zechariah 11:2
Brass - nĕhôsheth is used in the OT (Psalms 107:16, Micah 4:13, Zechariah 6:1)
Months - See 1 Kings 6:1 ; Esther 3:7,13 ; Esther 8:12 ; Esther 9:1 , Zechariah 1:7 ; Saint - ' Deuteronomy 33:3 ; Job 15:15 ; Psalm 16:3 ; Psalm 34:9 ; Psalm 89:5,7 ; Daniel 7:18-27 ; Daniel 8:13 ; Hosea 11:12 ; Zechariah 14:5
Cave - The pits or cavities in rocks were also sometimes used as prisons (Isaiah 24:22 ; 51:14 ; Zechariah 9:11 )
Gilead - Jacob fled toward Gilead, Genesis 31:21; it was conquered by Israel, Numbers 21:24; Judges 10:18; Joshua 12:2; Deuteronomy 2:36; was given to Reuben, Gad, and Manasseh, Joshua 17:6; under Jephthah it defeated the Ammonites, Judges 10:18; was a refuge for Saul's son and for David, 2 Samuel 2:9; 2 Samuel 17:22; 2 Samuel 17:24; the home of Elijah, 1 Kings 17:1; taken in part by Syria, 2 Kings 10:33; by Assyria, 2 Kings 15:25-29; referred to in the minor prophets, Hosea 6:8; Hosea 12:11; Amos 1:3; Amos 1:13; Obadiah 1:19; Micah 7:14; Zechariah 10:10
Teraphim - " We find them also censured in Zechariah 10:2 : and Hosea employed the term to signify the state of Israel with no kind of worship either of the true God or of false deities
Adversary - it is used of Satan, Zechariah 3:1 , and of men, Job 13:24 ; Isaiah 66:6
Fasts - There is no mention of any other periodical fast in the Old Testament except in (Zechariah 7:1-7 ; 8:19 ) From these passages it appears that the Jews, during their captivity, observed four annual fasts, --in the fourth, fifth, seventh and tenth months
Fig - There is, it may be added, an expressive phrase in which the fig tree is introduced; when men axe said to sit under their own vine and their own fig tree, 1 Kings 4:26; Zechariah 3:10, a state of general peace and prosperity is indicated
Fig Tree - There is, it may be added, an expressive phrase in which the fig tree is introduced; when men axe said to sit under their own vine and their own fig tree, 1 Kings 4:26; Zechariah 3:10, a state of general peace and prosperity is indicated
Darius - DARIUS HYSTASPIS ...
Spoken of in Ezra 4:1-7:28 , Haggai, and Zechariah, as the king who renewed the permission to rebuild the temple, given to the Jews by Cyrus and afterwards recalled
Refine - Zechariah 13
Visit - Zechariah 10
Weigh - Zechariah 11
Chariot, - (Psalm 20:7 ; 104:3 ; Jeremiah 51:21 ; Zechariah 6:1 )
Fasting - The Jews later introduced a series of fasts to mourn the destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon in 587 BC (Zechariah 8:19)
Temple, the Second - A wide interest was felt in this great movement, although it was regarded with mingled feelings by the spectators (Haggai 2:3 ; Zechariah 4:10 ). In the second year of this monarch the work of rebuilding the temple was resumed and carried forward to its completion (Ezra 5 :: 617-17 ; 6:1-15 ), under the stimulus of the earnest counsels and admonitions of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah
Consolation - But supernatural comfort must be sought from God alone, not from idols or fortune-tellers (Zechariah 10:2 ). " The return of the Jews from exile is the work of divine consolation ( Jeremiah 31:10-14 ; Zechariah 1:12-13 ; cf
Peace - ...
Wide-ranging blessings...
According to the Hebrews’ understanding, peace was a state of well-being that included good health, prosperity, contentment, security and harmonious relationships (Psalms 29:11; Psalms 37:37; Psalms 85:8-9; Isaiah 26:1-4; Isaiah 32:17-18; Isaiah 60:17; Isaiah 52:7-106; Zechariah 6:13; Zechariah 8:12; Luke 11:21; 1 Corinthians 14:33; Ephesians 4:3)
Nail - The dignity and propriety of the metaphor appear from the use which the Prophet Zechariah makes of it: "Out of him cometh forth the corner, out of him the nail, out of him the battle bow, out of him every oppressor together," Zechariah 10:4
Apocalyptic Literature - In the course of time this conception was supplemented by the further expectation of a judgment for Jews as well as for heathen ( Amos 2:3-8 ; Amos 3:9-15 ; Amos 5:10-13 , Zechariah 1:2-18 ; Zechariah 2:4-13 ; Joel 2:18-28 , Ezekiel 30:2 f. The first approach to the apocalyptic method is probably to be seen in Zechariah 9:1-17 ; Zechariah 10:1-12 ; Zechariah 11:1-17 ; Zechariah 12:1-14 ; Zechariah 13:1-9 ; Zechariah 14:1-21
Poetry - ...
Poetry in the Old Testament...
Ecclesiastes 7:1-133 ; Genesis 3:14-19 ; Genesis 3:23-24 ; Daniel 2:20-2398 ; Genesis 9:25-27 ; Genesis 14:19-20 ; Genesis 16:11-12 ; Ezekiel 19:2-144 ; Genesis 27:27-29 ,Genesis 27:27-29,27:39-40 ; Genesis 48:15-16 ; Genesis 49:2-27 ...
Exodus 15:1-18 ,Exodus 15:1-18,15:21 ...
Ezekiel 27:3-9 ...
Numbers 6:24-27 ; Numbers 10:35-36 ; Numbers 12:6-8 ; Numbers 21:14-15 ; Numbers 21:17-18 ,Numbers 21:17-18,21:27-30 ; Numbers 23:7-10 ; Numbers 23:18-24 ; Numbers 24:3-9 ,Numbers 24:3-9,24:15-24 ...
Deuteronomy 32:1-43 ; Deuteronomy 33:2-29 ...
Joshua 10:12-13 ...
Judges 5:2-31 ; Judges 14:14 ,Judges 14:14,14:18 ; Judges 15:16 ...
Ruth 1:16-17 ,Ruth 1:16-17,1:20-21 ...
1 Samuel 2:1-10 ; 1Samuel 15:22-23,1 Samuel 15:33 ; 1 Samuel 18:7 ; 1 Samuel 21:11 ; 1 Samuel 29:5 ...
2 Samuel 1:19-27 ; 2 Samuel 3:33-34 ; 2 Samuel 22:2-51 ; 2 Samuel 23:1-7 ...
1 Kings 8:12-13 ; 1 Kings 12:16 ...
2 Kings 19:21-28 ...
1 Chronicles 16:8-36 ...
2 Chronicles 5:13 ; 2 Chronicles 6:41-42 ; Ecclesiastes 3:2-9 ; 2 Chronicles 10:16 ; 2 Chronicles 20:21 ...
Ezra 3:11 ...
Job 3:2-42:6 ...
Psalm 1-150 ...
Proverbs 1-31 ...
Ecclesiastes 1:2-11 ,Ecclesiastes 1:2-11,1:15 ,Ecclesiastes 1:15,1:18 ; 2 Chronicles 7:3 ; 1619166092_22 ; Ecclesiastes 8:1 ; Ecclesiastes 10:1-4 ,Ecclesiastes 10:1-4,10:8-20 ; Ecclesiastes 11:1-4 ...
Song of Song of Solomon 1-8 ...
Isaiah—largely poetry...
Jeremiah—poetic selections throughout except for 32–45...
Lamentations 1-5 ...
1619166092_5 ; Ezekiel 23:32-34 ; Ezekiel 24:3-5 ; Ezekiel 26:17-18 ; Leviticus 10:3 ; Ezekiel 27:25-36 ; Ezekiel 28:1-10 ; Ezekiel 28:12-19 ; Ezekiel 28:22-23 ; Ezekiel 29:3-5 ; Ezekiel 30:2-4 ; Ezekiel 30:6-8 ; Ezekiel 30:10-19 ; Ezekiel 31:2-9 ; Ezekiel 32:2-8 ; Ezekiel 32:12-15 ; Ezekiel 32:19 ...
1619166092_8 ; Daniel 4:3 ; Daniel 4:34-35 ; Daniel 6:26-27 ; Daniel 7:9-10 ; Daniel 7:13-14 ; 7:23-27 Hosea—all poetry except for 1; Daniel 2:16-20 ; Daniel 3:1-5 ...
Joel—all poetry except for Daniel 2:30-3:8 ...
Amos—largely poetry...
Obadiah 1:1 ...
Jonah 2:2-9 ...
Micah 1-7 ...
Nahum 1-3 ...
Habakkuk 1-3 ...
Zephaniah 1-3 ...
Zechariah 9-11:3 ; Zechariah 11:17 ; Zechariah 13:7-9 ...
Parallelism The predominant feature of Hebrew poetry is parallelism
Antichrist - also Zechariah 12:1-14 ; Zechariah 13:1-9 ; Zechariah 14:1-21 ), where the reference is to Antiochus IV
Josiah - the hill of Megiddo, the scene of godly Josiah's fall through descending to the world's carnal strifes as Babylon's ally (Revelation 16:14-18); the Jews' future mourning for Him whom they pierced, before God's interposition against all nations confederate against Jerusalem, answers to their mourning for Josiah at Megiddo (Zechariah 12:10-11). Josiah, son of Zephaniah cheen ("grace") (Zechariah 6:9; Zechariah 6:15). At his house in Jerusalem the three from Babylon were guests, from whom Zechariah by God's command took silver and gold to make crowns for the high priest Joshua's head
Captivity - Then, after along interruption of the building of the temple through Samaritan opposition, the work was completed in the second year of Darius, through Haggai and Zechariah (515 B. The prophets foretell the restoration, spiritually and also nationally in their own land, of Israel and Judah distinct, and hereafter to be combined (Isaiah 11:12-13), to be miraculously "gathered one by one" (Isaiah 27:12; Jeremiah 3:18; Jeremiah 16:15-16; Jeremiah 31:7-20; Ezekiel 37:16-28; Hosea 1:10-11; Hosea 3:4-5; Zechariah 9:13; Zechariah 10:6; Zechariah 10:10). ...
Their return under Messiah (then to be manifested) and their spiritual glory shall be the appointed instrumentality of the conversion of all nations (Isaiah 2; Isaiah 60; Micah 5:7; Zechariah 8:13)
Fig - It was a sign of peace and prosperity (1 Kings 4:25 ; Micah 4:4 ; Zechariah 3:10 )
Slay, Slain, Slew - , Ezekiel 16:40 ; Zechariah 11:5
Fast, Fasting - Zechariah 8:19 )
Inquire of God - Other methods of discerning God's will rejected by the biblical writiers include: consulting mediums, wizards, and necromancers (Deuteronomy 18:10-11 ; 1Samuel 28:3,1 Samuel 28:7 ; Isaiah 8:19 ); consulting teraphim (Judges 17:5 ; Judges 18:13-20 ; Hosea 3:4 ; Zechariah 10:2 ); and consulting pagan dieties (Baal-zebub, 2Kings 1:2-3,2 Kings 1:16 ; Malcham or Milcom, Zephaniah 1:5 )
Dwelling - The Old Testament repeatedly promises that those who keep the covenant will dwell in safety (Leviticus 25:18-19 ; Zechariah 2:10-11 )
Horse - The equipment of horses is mentioned in the Bible the bit and bridle ( Psalms 32:9 , Proverbs 26:3 ), bells of the horses ( Zechariah 14:20 ), and ‘precious clothes for chariots’ ( Ezekiel 27:20 )
Rain - Υoreh , "the early rain of autumn"; malkosh , "the latter rain of spring" (Proverbs 16:15; Job 29:23; Jeremiah 3:3; Hosea 6:3; Zechariah 10:1)
City - Unwalled towns are the symbol of peace and security (Zechariah 2:4)
Horn - The four horns in Zechariah 1:18 represent the four ruling powers of the world, to be superseded finally by Messiah's kingdom: Babylon, Medo-Persia, Greece, and Rome
Trumpet - Is 27:13, Zechariah 2:10 [1]) which depicted the scattered members of Israel being summoned together by a trumpet-blast at the Messiah’s advent
Michael - Zechariah 3:1 for a similar incident)
Winepress - Both royal presses and cellars are mentioned in the Bible (1 Chronicles 27:27 ; Zechariah 14:10 )
Jeremiah - The name Jeremy, in Matthew 27:9-10, is probably an error of the transcribers for Zechariah
Joash - Zechariah the priest, son of Jehoiada, warned him of his sin and danger; but as a reward of bis fidelity, he was, by order of Joash, stoned to death between the porch and the altar, prophesying that God would avenge his death
Lord - We find, it, every part of the word of God, JEHOVAH the Father, so called, (see Zechariah 2:10) where JEHOVAH the Father is represented as sending JEHOVAH the Son
Zephaniah, the Book of - After her chastisement Jehovah invites the pious remnant of the Jews to wait upon Him, as He is about to interpose for Judah and Jerusalem against the nations gathered against her (Zechariah 12-14)
Gate - Isaiah 29:21 ; Amos 5:10,12 ; Zechariah 8:16
Arabah - See Deuteronomy 3:17 (RSV; NIV); Joshua 8:14 (TEV; NIV); Joshua 11:2 , Joshua 11:16 ; Joshua 12:8 (NAS; NIV); 2 Samuel 2:29 (NAS; NIV); Jeremiah 39:4 (NAS; NIV); Ezekiel 47:8 (NAS; NIV); Zechariah 14:10 (NIV)
Preparation - ’ Illustrations of the latter meaning are found in Psalms 89:14 (15) ‘Righteousness and judgement are the foundation of thy throne’ (RV_), also in Zechariah 5:11, Ezr (LXX_ 2 Es) ezr Ezra 2:68
Gaza or Azzah - It was often referred to by the prophets, Jeremiah 25:20 47:5 Amos 1:6,7 Zephaniah 2:4 Zechariah 9:5
Joash or Jehoash - But afterwards he followed less wholesome counsels; idolatry revived; and when Zechariah the high priest rebuked the guilty people, the ungrateful king caused this servant of God, the son of his benefactor, to be stoned to death
Preparation - ’ Illustrations of the latter meaning are found in Psalms 89:14 (15) ‘Righteousness and judgement are the foundation of thy throne’ (RV_), also in Zechariah 5:11, Ezr (LXX_ 2 Es) ezr Ezra 2:68
Encouragement - Positively, it involves giving support to people in such a way that they will have greater confidence, enthusiasm and strength in their lives and service for God (Deuteronomy 3:28; Zechariah 4:6-9; Acts 4:36; Acts 9:26-27; 1 Corinthians 14:3-4; Philippians 1:6; Philippians 4:19; see HOPE)
Shepherd - The shepherd had a mantle of sheepskin with the fleece on (Jeremiah 43:12), a wallet for food (1 Samuel 17:40), a sling such as the Bedouin still carries, a staff to ward off foes and to guide the flock with its crook (Psalms 23:4; Zechariah 11:7; so Jehovah "lifts up His staff against" His people's foes, Isaiah 10:1-24; His word is at once our prop of support and our defense against Satan). Messiah: Genesis 49:24; Psalms 80:1; Zechariah 13:7; John 10:14; Hebrews 13:20
Archangel - (Matthew 25:31; Zechariah 14:5; Matthew 16:27) And whether this appearing of Christ hath respect to his coming in his thousand years' reign upon earth, or to the universal judgment, the sense of the words (in reference to the subject of the archangel we are now considering) is the same. " (See Zechariah 3:1-4) Here we have a similar contest
Clouds - When Yahweh appears as a Warrior, the clouds are His battle chariots in which He travels (Psalm 68:34 ; Psalm 104:3 ; Isaiah 19:1 ) and from which He shoots down the lightning as arrows (Psalm 18:14 ; Psalm 77:17 ; Zechariah 9:14 ). Mark 13:26 ; Mark 14:62 ; and Revelation 1:7 combined the motif of the Son of Man from Daniel 7:1 with the word of judgment from Zechariah 12:10 and referred them to the parousia or coming of Christ
Messiah - In his days Judah shall be saved and Israel dwell secure, and the name by which he shall be called is ‘Jahweh is our righteousness’ This fragment probably belongs to the earlier utterances of Jeremiah, and upon it Zechariah in the opening years of the post-exilic period bases his well-known prophecies (Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12), in which Joshua and his comrades are addressed as tokens of the coming of Jahweh’s servant ‘the branch’ (Zechariah 3:8). In Zechariah 6:12 it is made clear that Zerubbabel of the seed of David is meant, who is destined to complete the building of the Temple. Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12 are badly corrupted, and later editors have sought to eliminate the name of Zerubbabel from the original oracle, because Zechariah’s prophecies with respect to him were not fulfilled. The same fate in the early post-exilic period befalls the somewhat shadowy, if stately, figure of Zerubbabel in Zechariah 4, 6 (cf
Prophet - The dress, like that of the modern dervish, was a hairy garment with leather girdle (Isaiah 20:2; Zechariah 13:4; Matthew 3:4). So also Jeremiah, Isaiah 7:14-160; Hebrews 8:8; Daniel, Matthew 24:15; Hosea, Matthew 2:15; Romans 9:25; Joel, Acts 2:17; Amos, Acts 7:42; Acts 15:16; Jonah, Matthew 12:40; Micah, Matthew 12:7; Habakkuk, Acts 13:41; Haggai, Hebrews 12:26; Zechariah, Matthew 21:5; Mark 14:27; John 19:37; Malachi, Matthew 11:10; Mark 1:2; Luke 7:27. They diligently inquired as to the deep significancy of their own words, and were told that the full meaning would only be known in subsequent gospel times (Daniel 12:8-9; Zechariah 4:5; 1 Peter 1:10-12). The prophets did net generally speak in ecstatic unconsciousness, but with self possession, for "the spirits of the prophets are subject to the prophets" (1 Corinthians 14:32); but sometimes they did (Genesis 15; Daniel 7; Daniel 8; Daniel 10; Daniel 11; Daniel 12, "the visions of Daniel"); "the vision of Isaiah" (Isaiah 6); "the vision of Ezekiel" (Ezekiel 1); "the visions of Zechariah" (Zechariah 1; Zechariah 4; Zechariah 5; Zechariah 6); the vision of Peter (Acts 10); of Paul (Acts 22:17; Acts 22:2 Corinthians 12); Job ( Messiah - The high priest was the anointed-priest (Leviticus 4:3 ,Leviticus 4:3,4:5 ,Leviticus 4:5,4:16 ) and even, in one place, a “messiah” (Zechariah 4:14 ; compare Zechariah 6:13 ; Daniel 9:25 ). ...
In the exilic and postexilic ages, the expectation of a coming Messiah came into sharper focus, commencing with Jeremiah's and Ezekiel's vision of a Messiah who would combine the traits of royalty and priestly dignity (Jeremiah 33:14-18 ; Ezekiel 46:1-8 ; see, too, Zechariah 4:1-14 ; Zechariah 6:13 )
Prophets - They were humble, faithful, self-denying, fearless men, 2 Kings 1:8 Zechariah 13:4 Matthew 3:4 ; aloof from the pleasure and luxuries of life, 2 Kings 5:15 ; often persecuted, and slain, Matthew 23:34-37 Hebrews 11:32-38 James 2:10 ; but exerting a powerful influence as witnesses for God. Some of them were called from the plough and the herd, 1 Kings 19:20 Amos 7:14 Zechariah 13:5 . Zechariah, prophesied in Judea at the same time as Haggai, B
Goat - This word is used metaphorically for princes or chiefs in Isaiah 14:9 , and in Zechariah 10:3 as leaders
Apocalypse - This book belongs, in its character, to the prophetical writings, and stands in intimate relation with the prophecies of the Old Testament, and more especially with the writings of the later prophets, as Ezekiel, Zechariah, and particularly Daniel, inasmuch as it is almost entirely symbolical
Burden - Ezekiel, Jeremiah, and Zechariah all have similar sections
Benjamin - ...
The gate of Benjamin, on the north side of Jerusalem (Jeremiah 37:13 ; 38:7 ; Zechariah 14:10 ), was so called because it led in the direction of the territory of the tribe of Benjamin
Remnant - From this remnant the Messiah eventually came (Micah 5:2-3; Micah 5:7-8; Zechariah 8:11-12; Malachi 3:16-18; Matthew 1:18-21; Luke 1:5-7; Luke 2:25-38)
Forest - ...
"The forest of the vintage" (Zechariah 11:2 , "inaccessible forest," or RSV "strong forest") is probably a figurative allusion to Jerusalem, or the verse may simply point to the devastation of the region referred to
Bells - " But in Zechariah 14:20 metsillot , from tsalal "to strike," means flat pieces or plates of brass, like cymbals, attached as ornaments to the horses' necks
Mercy - In particular they should give help to those in society who are liable to be disadvantaged, such as orphans, widows, aliens, the persecuted, the afflicted and the poor (Deuteronomy 14:28-29; Deuteronomy 24:19; Proverbs 19:17; Micah 6:8; Zechariah 7:9-10; Luke 10:29-37; Romans 12:8; James 1:27)
Jebus - ) In Zechariah 9:7 "Ekron (shall be) as a Jebusite," the sense is, Even the ignoble remnant of the Jews shall be sacred to "our God" and "as a governor in Judah," whereas Philistine "Ekron" shall be a tributary bond servant "as a Jebusite," in the servile position to which Solomon consigned them (1 Kings 9:20-21)
Mitre - With the exception of Zechariah 3:6 where it represents the Heb
Heal - ...
Zechariah 11:16 (a) The Lord indicates here that He will raise up a ruler over Israel who will pretend to be a shepherd, but will really be an idolator who will deceive Israel, and will work for their eventual ruin
Fenced Cities - The tower of Hananeel is mentioned Jeremiah 31:38; Zechariah 14:10; Nehemiah 3:1, where also is mentioned "the tower of Meah," "the tower of the furnaces" (Nehemiah 3:11), "the great tower that lieth out even unto the wall of Ophel" (Nehemiah 3:27)
Olives, Olivet, Mount of - Zechariah 14:4
Zechariah - The prophet Zechariah, who flourished immediately after the Exile in 520-518 B
Shoulder - ...
Zechariah 7:11 (b) The refusal of Israel to assume any responsibility for GOD and His work is thus represented
Adoption - (Isaiah 44:3; Isa 59:21; Ezekiel 37:5-14; Zechariah 14:1-21) It is most blessed, when we consider the privileges of adoption, and know in ourselves that we are made, though grace, the happy partakers of it
Josh'ua - (Haggai 1:14 ; 2:12 ; Zechariah 3:1 ) etc
Jehoash - Zechariah, the son and successor of the high priest, was put to death
Micaiah - as sheep that have no shepherd (quoted by the Lord Jesus Himself, Matthew 9:36, as it is previously the basis of Ezekiel 34:5; Zechariah 10:2), and Jehovah said, these have no master (Ahab falling), let them return every man to his house. ...
Micaiah therefore revealed the source unseen of the 400 prophets' falsehood; Jehovah, seen in real vision on His throne amidst His hosts, asked, who shall persuade Ahab to go up and fall at Ramoth Gilead? A lying spirit undertook to influence the 400 to Ahab's ruin (Zechariah 13:2; 1 John 4:6)
Fulfill - Jesus' command of secrecy (John 2:1-118 ) and His habit of teaching in parables (Matthew 13:35 ) likewise fulfilled Scripture (James 2:8 ; Psalm 78:2 ), as did His humble entry into Jerusalem (Matthew 21:4-5 ; Zechariah 9:9 ) and His arrest as a bandit (Matthew 26:56 ). At Cana Jesus' gift of wine corresponded to the blessings of God's future (1619166092_91 ; Isaiah 25:6 ; Joel 3:18 ; Amos 9:13 ; Zechariah 9:17 )
Wine - Wine is said to produce different effects: as the "darkly flashing" or "red eye," Genesis 49:12, a mocker, Proverbs 20:1, the unbridled tongue, Isaiah 28:7, the excitement of the spirit, Proverbs 31:6; Isaiah 5:11; Zechariah 9:15; Zechariah 10:7, the enchained affections of its votaries, Hosea 4:11, the perverted judgment, Proverbs 31:6; Olive - The reference to the two olive-trees in Revelation 11:4 is after Zechariah 4:2 f. The writer of Revelation 11:4 has adapted the imagery of Zechariah 4:2 f
Fire - It is referred to as an emblem of severe trials or misfortunes (Zechariah 12:6 ; Luke 12:49 ; 1 Corinthians 3:13,15 ; 1 Peter 1:7 ), and of eternal punishment (Matthew 5:22 ; Mark 9:44 ; Revelation 14:10 ; 21:8 )
Prophecy - ...
There is in like manner a large number of prophecies relating to those nations with which the Jews came into contact, as Tyre (Ezekiel 26:3-5,14-21 ), Egypt (Ezekiel 29:10,15 ; 30:6,12,13 ), Ethiopia (Nahum 3:8-10 ), Nineveh (Nahum 1:10 ; 2:8-13 ; 3:17-19 ), Babylon (Isaiah 13:4 ; Jeremiah 51:7 ; Isaiah 44:27 ; Jeremiah 50:38 ; 51:36,39,57 ), the land of the Philistines (Jeremiah 47:4-7 ; Ezekiel 25:15-17 ; Amos 1:6-8 ; Zephaniah 2:4-7 ; Zechariah 9:5-8 ), and of the four great monarchies (Daniel 2:39,40 ; 7:17-24 ; 8:9 )
Angel of the Lord - He asks how long God will withhold mercy from Jerusalem and Judah (Zechariah 1:12 )
River - " Zechariah 10:11, "all the deeps of the river shall dry up," namely, the Nile or else the Euphrates
Kohathites - During Josiah's religious reforms, two Kohathite priests (Zechariah and Meshullam) helped supervise the work (2 Chronicles 34:12 )
Zadok - The genealogy of Zadok is given in 1 Chronicles 6:3-15 from Aaron through Eleazar on down to Jehozadak of postexilic times (compare Zechariah 6:11 )
Mountain - It is a natural image for stability ( Psalm 30:7 ), obstacles (Zechariah 4:7 ), and God's power (Psalm 121:1-2 )
Jebus, Jebusites - ]'>[4] , while Zechariah 9:7 for archaic effect calls dwellers in Jerusalem ‘Jebusite’ (so Wellhausen, Nowack, and Marti)
Raiment - ...
Zechariah 3:4 (a) The soiled garments represent the evil and wicked life of the ordinary person
Mount (And Forms) - ...
Matthew 17:20 (a) Our Lord is telling us the same message that He told to Zerubbabel in Zechariah 4:6-7
Bands - ...
Zechariah 11:14 (a) This possibly and probably refers to the influence of relatives either good or bad
Arms - from Genesis to Zechariah
Tower - For in this gospel day to which the whole refers; he that is feeble among them at that day shall be as David, and the house of David shall be as God, as the Angel of the Lord before them, (Isaiah 22:22-25; Zechariah 12:8) It is very blessed to behold Jesus using such strong and beautiful figures to shew his people's union and oneness with him, and their everlasting safety and security in him
Dark (Darkness) - ...
For other examples of "mental darkness," see Matthew 6:23; Psalm 69:23; Romans 11:10; Zechariah 11:17; Romans 1:21; Job 38:2; Amos 5:18
Zidon, Sidon - The city is mentioned in Genesis 49:13 ; Isaiah 23:2-12 ; Jeremiah 25:22 ; Jeremiah 47:4 ; Ezekiel 27:8 ; Zechariah 9:2 , etc
Ass - (Zechariah 9:9) The ass, though a noble animal, was deemed by the Levitical law, unclean, for it chewed not the cud
Mount Olivet - (See in confirmation Isaiah 24:23; Zechariah 14:4-21; Acts 1:9-12
Olives, Mount of - No one can doubt that it was God who there spoke; his retrospect, his predictions of his future judgments in the earth, Zechariah 14:4
Ancestors - ...
God’s faithfulness to believing ancestors should be an encouragement (Psalms 22:4; Luke 1:72-73), his punishment on unbelievers a warning (Numbers 32:7-8; Zechariah 1:4-5)
Grecians - ...
Zechariah (Zechariah 9:13) represents Judah and Ephraim as the arrows filling God's bow, "when I have raised up thy son, O Zion, against thy sons, O Greece" (Javan) thus foretelling that the Jewish Maccabees would punish Greece in the person of Antiochus Epiphanes, one of Alexander's successors, in just retribution for her purchasing from Tyre as slaves" the children of Judah and Jerusalem
Lamp Lampstand - , also hark back to OT parallels (Exodus 25:37; Exodus 37:23, Zechariah 4:2). The parallel to Zechariah 4:2 does not extend to the number of the lampstands (two in Revelation 11:4, one in Zec
Angel - The prophetical works are very moderate in their usage of mal'âk with the outstanding exception of the Book of Zechariah, where the angel of the Lord communicates God’s message to Zechariah
Stone - ...
Zechariah 3:9 (b) This also is a type of CHRIST who is brought before men for their trust and confidence. (See also Zechariah 4:7)
Numbers as Symbols - Deuteronomy 6:4 ; Isaiah 42:8 ; Zechariah 14:9 . Zechariah 4:3 ; Revelation 11:3,4 . Zechariah 4:2
Chronology of the Biblical Period - according to dates from Haggai 1:1 ; Zechariah 1:1 ; and Ezra 4:24 , Ezra 6:15 . ...
SIGNIFICANT DATES IN OLD TESTAMENT BIBLE HISTORY...
Periods of History...
Critical...
Traditional...
Patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, Jacob)...
1700-1500...
2000...
Exodus...
1290...
1450...
Conquest...
1250...
1400...
Judges...
1200-1025...
1360-1025...
Kings...
...
...
Kings of United Israel...
Critical...
Traditional...
Saul...
1025-1005...
1020-1004...
David...
1005-965...
1004-965...
Solomon...
965-925...
965-931...
Kings of the Divided Kingdom...
Judah...
Israel...
Critical...
Traditional...
Rehoboam...
...
924-907...
931-913...
...
Jeroboam...
924-903...
926-909...
Abijam (Abijah)...
...
907-906...
913-910...
Asa...
...
905-874...
910-869...
...
Nadab...
903-902...
909-908...
...
Baasha...
902-886...
908-886...
...
Elah...
886-885...
886-885...
...
Zimri...
885...
885...
...
(Tibni, 1 Kings 16:21 )...
885-881...
885-880...
...
Omri...
885-873...
885-874...
Jehoshaphat...
...
874-850...
873-848...
...
Ahab...
873-851...
874-853...
...
Ahaziah...
851-849...
853-852...
Jehoram (Joram)...
...
850-843...
853-841...
...
Jehoram...
849-843...
852-841...
Ahaziah...
...
843...
841...
Athaliah...
...
843-837...
841-835...
...
Jehu...
843-816...
841-814...
Joash (Jehoash)...
...
837-796...
835-796...
...
Jehoahaz...
816-800...
814-798...
Amaziah...
...
798-767...
796-767...
...
Joash (Jehoash)...
800-785...
798-782...
Uzziah (Azariah)...
...
791-740...
792-740...
...
Jeroboam II...
785-745...
793-753...
Jotham...
...
750-742...
750-732...
...
Zechariah...
745...
753-752...
...
Shallum...
745...
752...
...
Menahem...
745-736...
752-742...
Jehoahaz I (Ahaz)...
...
742-727...
735-715...
...
Pekahiah...
736-735...
742-740...
...
Pekah...
735-732...
752-732...
...
Hoshea...
732-723...
732-723...
Hezekiah...
...
727-698...
715-686...
...
Fall of Samaria ...
722 ...
723/722 ...
Manasseh...
...
697-642...
696-642...
Amon...
...
642-640...
642-640...
Josiah...
...
639-606...
640-609...
Jehoahaz II...
...
609...
609...
Jehoiakim...
...
608-598...
609-597...
Jehoiachin...
...
598-597...
597...
Zedekiah...
...
597-586...
597-586...
Fall of Jerusalem ...
...
586 ...
586 ...
BABYLONIAN EXILE AND RESTORATION UNDER PERSIAN RULE...
Jehoiachin and leaders exiled to Babylon including Ezekiel...
597...
Jerusalem destroyed, remaining leaders exiled to Babylon...
586...
Gedaliah set over Judea...
58...
Gedaliah assassinated...
581 (?)...
Jeremiah taken with other Judeans to Egypt...
581 (?)...
Judeans deported to Babylon...
581...
Cyrus, king of Persia...
559-530...
Babylon captured...
539...
Edict allowing Jews to return to Jerusalem under Zerubbabel...
538...
Temple restoration begun but quickly halted...
538...
Cambysses, king of Persia...
530-522...
Darius, king of Persia...
522-486...
Haggai and Zechariah lead rebuilding of Temple...
520-515...
Temple completed and rededicated...
515...
Xerxes, king of Persia...
486-465...
Artaxerxes I, king of Persia...
465-424...
Ezra returns to Jerusalem and teaches the law...
458...
Nehemiah returns to Jerusalem and rebuilds the walls...
445...
NOTE: Overlapping dates of kings such as between Uzziah and Jotham result from coregencies, that is, a father installing his son as king during the father's lifetime and allowing the son to exercise royal power
Thousand Years - The outpouring of the Spirit on Israel (Zechariah 12:10) will usher in the new period of revelation, which has been silent so long as Israel, God's chosen mediator of revelations, and of establishing His manifested kingdom on earth, has been in the background. Now is the time of preaching; then shall be the time of liturgy of "the great congregation" (Psalms 22:25; Ezekiel 40 to 48; Zechariah 14:16-21; Isaiah 2:3). It will be a time of Sabbath peace, uninterrupted by war (Hebrews 4:9; Isaiah 2:4; Zechariah 9:10; Hosea 2:18). Christ's king-priesthood (Zechariah 6:13) shall be explained in the services of the glorious temple at Jerusalem (Ezekiel 40-48). Lord, hasten it in Thine own time (Zechariah 14:9; 1 Corinthians 15:24)
Vision - But in the later OT books neither ecstasy nor the objective vision, with its disclosure in cryptic symbolism of future happenings (Daniel), or of the nature and purposes of God (Ezekiel, Zechariah), has a place in the normal line of development of man’s conception of the methods of Divine revelation
Michael - Certainly the Angel of Jehovah, or Jehovah the Second Person, in pleading for Joshua the high priest representing the Jewish church, uses the same rebuke to Satan as Michael does in Judges 1:9; Zechariah 3:1-5
Branch - Zechariah notes that this royal Branch will be the one who will rebuild the temple (6:12-13)
Gath - , Zephaniah 2:4-5; Zechariah 9:5-6, Gath is omitted; probably it had lost by that time its place among the five primary cities
Doors - ...
Zechariah 11:1 (a) The Lord is telling us that the enemy will be able to enter Lebanon freely and without opposition, as one would enter a house through an open door
Hill - (See also Zechariah 14:4)
Boy - —In the Authorized Version this word does not occur in the Gospels, nor indeed in NT, and only three times in OT (Genesis 25:27, Joel 3:3, Zechariah 8:5)
Lift - ...
Job 10:15 An expression of shame and confusion (See Zechariah 1:21)
Anointing - Zechariah 4:14 , "these are the two anointed ones," lit
Stork - תסידה , Leviticus 11:19 ; Deuteronomy 14:18 ; Job 39:13 ; Psalms 104:17 ; Jeremiah 8:7 ; Zechariah 5:9 ; a bird similar to the crane in size, has the same formation as to the bill, neck, legs, and body, but is rather more corpulent
Zidon - Isaiah 23:2; Isaiah 23:4; Isaiah 23:12; Jeremiah 25:22; Jeremiah 27:3; Jeremiah 47:4; Ezekiel 27:8; Ezekiel 28:21-22; Ezekiel 32:30; Joel 3:4; Zechariah 9:2
Judea - ...
The original territory of the tribe of Judah was an elevated plain, much broken by frequent hills, ravines, and valleys, and sinking into fine plains and pasture-grounds on the west and south, Zechariah 7:7
Fig - Thus it was a symbol of peace and plenty, 1 Kings 4:25 Micah 4:4 Zechariah 3:10 John 1:49-51
Messi'ah - The lineage of David is again alluded to in ( Zechariah 12:1-14 ) The coming of the Forerunner and of the Anointed is clearly revealed in (Malachi 3:1 ; 4:5,6 ) The Pharisees and those of the Jews who expected Messiah at all looked for a temporal prince only
Jon'Athan, - ) ...
Father of Zechariah, a priest who blew the trumpet at the dedication of the wall
Angel - They are also spoken of as of different ranks in dignity and power (Zechariah 1:9,11 ; Daniel 10:13 ; 12:1 ; 1 Thessalonians 4:16 ; Jude 1:9 ; Ephesians 1:21 ; Colossians 1:16 ). In the days of the prophets, from Samuel downward, the angels appear only in their behalf (1 Kings 19:5 ; 2 Kings 6:17 ; Zechariah 1-6 ; Daniel 4:13,23 ; 10:10,13,20,21 )
Ishmael - The conspiracy may have been prompted by motives that were in part well considered, if on the whole mistaken; but it is significant that Jeremiah supported Gedaliah ( Jeremiah 40:6 ), in memory of whose murder an annual fast was observed for some years in the month Tishri ( Zechariah 7:5 ; Zechariah 8:19 )
Fasting - ...
The only other periodical fasts in the Old Testament were those connected with the capture of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar: the fast of the 4th month commemorated its capture (Jeremiah 39:2; Jeremiah 52:6-7); that of the 5th month the burning of the temple and the chief houses (Jeremiah 52:12-14); that of the 7th the murder of Gedaliah (Jeremiah 41:1-3); that of the 10th the beginning of the siege (Zechariah 7:3-5; Zechariah 8:19)
Number - ...
Zechariah and Daniel dwell upon seven; Daniel and Revelation use several numbers to "characterize periods", rather than indicate arithmetical duration. ...
Two notes "intensification" (Genesis 41:32), "requital in full" (Job 42:10; Jeremiah 16:18; Isaiah 61:7; Revelation 18:6); the proportions of the temple were double those of the tabernacle; two especially symbolizes "testimony" (John 19:23-24; Zechariah 11:7; Isaiah 8:2; Revelation 11:3), two tables of the testimony (Exodus 31:18), two cherubim over the ark of the testimony. As Christ's seamless vest marks its unity, so the rending of the outer garment into four by the four Roman soldiers symbolizes its ultimate worldwide extension (Zechariah 4:11)
Malachi, Theology of - Zechariah, the father of John the Baptist, called Jesus "the rising sun" who would bring the light of life to those living in darkness (Luke 1:78-79 ). Baldwin, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi ; R. Coggins, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi ; R
Satan - ) Four times in Old Testament as a proper name (Job 1:6; Job 1:12; Job 2:1; Zechariah 3:1, with ha- , the article); without it in 1 Chronicles 21:1; 1 Chronicles 21:25 times in New Testament; the Devil also 25 times; "the prince of this world" three times, for Satan had some mysterious connection with this earth and its animals before man's appearance. ...
As the judicial adversary of God's people he accuses them before God, but is silenced by Jehovah their Advocate (Zechariah 3:1-2; 1 Peter 5:8; Psalms 109:6; Psalms 109:31; 1 John 2:1-2). They are free now to tempt and hurt only to the length of their chain; Revelation 12:7-9 describes not their original expulsion, but a further step in their fall, owing to Christ's ascension, namely, exclusion from access to accuse the saints before God (Job 1:11; Zechariah 3)
Mercy, Merciful - He is merciful in restoring the nation (Psalm 102:13 ; Isaiah 14:1 ; Isaiah 49:13 ; Jeremiah 12:15 ; Jeremiah 30:18 ; Jeremiah 33:26 ; Ezekiel 39:25 ; Zechariah 1:16 ; Zechariah 10:6 ) and renewing His friendship with them (Hosea 2:19 ,Hosea 2:19,2:23 ). He especially expected their mercy toward the poor and needy (Zechariah 7:9-10 ). This was often coupled with a command for justice ( Micah 6:8 ; compare Hosea 12:6 ; Zechariah 7:9 )
Sea - (See also Zechariah 10:11)
Olive - The two witnesses for God (antitypes to Elijah and Moses, Zerubbabel and Joshua, the civil ruler and the priest: Malachi 4:5-6; Matthew 17:11; Acts 3:21; Judges 1:6) are "the two olive trees," channels of the oil (the Holy Spirit in them) feeding the church (Revelation 11:3-4; Zechariah 4:11-12)
Joshua - Haggai 1:14; Haggai 2:2; Zechariah 8:1, etc
Fountain - It may be a prophecy concerning the coming of CHRIST, as in Zechariah 13:1
Aceldama - Zechariah 11:12-13 is the nearest approach to the quotation, but not verbatim. Probably Jeremiah 18:1-2 and Jeremiah 32:6-12 are the ultimate basis on which Zechariah's more detailed prophecy rests, and Jeremiah is therefore referred to by Matthew
Idolatry - And, though after the return there was much lukewarmness shown, and alliances were made afresh with ungodly nations,, and false prophets appeared, Ezra 9:1-2; Nehemiah 6:14, yet so far as we can judge by the national covenant, Nehemiah 10:1-39, and the general tone of the post-exilian prophets, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, idolatry ceased to nourish
Abijah - ...
The daughter of Zechariah (2Chronicles 29:1; Compare Isaiah 8:2 ), and afterwards the wife of Ahaz
Choice, Choose, Chosen - 4:18; Haggai 2:23 ("he hath chosen the Canaanites"); Zechariah 1:17 ; 2:12 ; Malachi 3:17
Salt (2) - "of the Arabah," Deuteronomy 4:49; 2 Kings 14:25; the "salt sea," Deuteronomy 3:17; Joshua 3:16; Joshua 12:3; the "east sea," Joel 2:20; Ezekiel 47:18; Zechariah 14:8; and "the sea," Ezekiel 47:8
Year, - " ( Psalm 74:17 ; Zechariah 14:18 ) ...
Months
Curse - That is why the judgments upon those who disobey God’s commands are called curses, and the rewards to those who obey his commands are called blessings (Deuteronomy 27:11-26; Deuteronomy 30:19; Joshua 8:33-34; Zechariah 5:3; see BLESSING)
Joel - On this theory the most likely time of writing is either 520-510 BC, after the ministry of Haggai and Zechariah and the rebuilding of the Jerusalem temple (1619166092_55; Ezra 5:15), or about 400 BC, a generation or so after the reforms of Ezra and Nehemiah (Nehemiah 8:1-3; Nehemiah 8:9; Nehemiah 13:30)
Satan - Job 1:6-12; Zechariah 3:1). He is still the servant of God, even though a rebellious one (Job 1:6-7; Job 2:1-2; Zechariah 3:1-2)
Joy - ), and in His ‘promises,’ which bring hope and light into the darkest days ( Psalms 27:1-6 , Jeremiah 15:16 , Zechariah 2:10 ; 1 Peter 4:13 etc
Branch - ...
Zechariah 3:8 (a) This gives us another picture of the beauty of CHRIST JESUS our Lord. ...
Zechariah 6:12 (a) Again the Holy Spirit is revealing to us that the Lord JESUS, the branch, is the one who carries out exactly and in detail the will of His Father
Poverty - The ‘day of small things’ spoken of by the prophet Zechariah (Zechariah 4:10 ) was prolonged
Satan (2) - (109:6), in the first two chapters of the Book of Job and in Zechariah 3 it is used in a technical or legal sense as the equivalent of ἀντίδικος, an opponent in law, an advocate, whose function it is to plead for the condemnation of an accused person. In Job 2:3 Jehovah taxes ‘the Satan’ with over-officious zeal in his efforts to test the motives of the righteous man whom he is permitted to accuse; and again in Zechariah 3:2 He distinctly rebukes him for pressing his charge against Joshua. The being thus described as ‘the Satan’ or the Adversary appears in Zechariah as an official accuser, and in the Book of Job he takes his place among ‘the sons of God’ in the court of heaven as one having a right to be there, and that in connexion with the function attributed to him of ‘going to and fro upon the earth,’ and ‘considering’ and reporting upon the conduct of the sons of men. The Satan of the Book of Job and of the prophecies of Zechariah is described in language very different from that in which the arch-enemy is spoken of in the NT. 368; Wright, Zechariah and his Prophecies, p
Devil - ...
As a figure of evil the word satan appears in Job 1:1;b12 and Zechariah 3:1-2 . In Zechariah and Job 1–2 the satan appears as God's agent and minister who seeks to bring charges against individual people before God and the heavenly court. He unsuccessfully accused Joshua, the priest, before God (Zechariah 3:1-2 )
Devil - ...
He slanders God to man, and man to God (Genesis 3; Zechariah 3). The old dispensation could not overcome him (compare Zechariah 3). "Knowing that he hath but a short time" (Revelation 12), in "great wrath" he concentrates his power on the earth, especially toward the end, when he is to lose his standing against Israel and expulsion shall be executed on him and his by Michael (Revelation 12:7-9; Daniel 12:1; Zechariah 3, where Joshua the high priest represents "Jerusalem," whose "choice" by the Lord is the ground of the Lord's rebuke to Satan)
Remnant - , Ezra 9:8 ; Jeremiah 24:8 ; 52:15 ; those left behind under Gedaliah, Jeremiah 40:6,11 , 15 ; or the Jews who came out of exile Ezra 9:8,13 ; Zechariah 8:6,11-12 ). Those returning with Zerubbabel (Haggai 1:12,14 ; Zechariah 8:6,11 , 12 ) and those returning at the time of Ezra (Ezra 9:13-15 ) regarded themselves as that remnant. Isaiah 37:31-32 ); removal of enemies and becoming established like a lion in the forest (Micah 4:7-9 ); the Lord's promise to be a garland of glory for the remnant (Isaiah 28:5-6 ); and a grant by God for the people to possess all things (Zechariah 8:6 )
Prophets, the - Those given after a portion of Judah had returned from exile, when they were helped by the prophecies of Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, which present the time of the Messiah on earth, and go even beyond to future blessing. After the return from the captivity we have Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi. Psalm 72:8,17 ; Isaiah 2:4 ; Isaiah 11:6-9 ; Isaiah 25:6-8 ; Habakkuk 2:14 ; Zechariah 14:9 ; Romans 8:21,22 ; Revelation 20:1-6
Prophecy - ...
Jonah...
856-784...
Amos...
810-785...
Hosea...
810-725...
Isaiah...
810-698...
Joel...
810-660...
Micah...
758-699...
Nahum...
720-698...
Zephaniah...
640-609...
Jeremiah...
628-586...
Habakkuk...
612-598...
Daniel...
606-534...
Obadiah...
588-583...
Ezekiel...
595-536...
Haggai...
520-518...
Zechariah...
520-518...
Malachi...
436-420...
Shimei, Shimeites - In Zechariah 12:13 the family of the Shimeites are mentioned as participants in the mourning for national guilt; they appear in this connexion as representatives of the Levites
Father - Zechariah 12:1 )
Megiddo - ) Here godly Josiah fell in conflict with Pharaoh Necho (2 Chronicles 35:22-24; Zechariah 12:11)
Power - Micah 3:8; Zechariah 4:6; see HOLY SPIRIT)
Dispensations - ) the epiphany of the glory of the great God and Savior (Titus 2:13), the manifested kingdom when He "will restore it to Israel" (Acts 1:6-7; Ezekiel 21:27), and Himself shall "take His great power and reign" with His transfigured saints for a thousand years over the nations in the flesh, and Israel at their head (Zechariah 14; Isaiah 2; 65; 66; Revelation 11:15; Revelation 11:17; Revelation 5:10; Revelation 5:20);...
(iii
Oak - In Isaiah 2:13 , Ezekiel 27:8 , Zechariah 11:2 the ‘allônîm (‘oaks’) of Bashan are mentioned
Unity - Indeed, the prophetic hope includes the reuniting of all the peoples of the world under the sovereignty of the one Lord (Zechariah 14:9 )
Mourning - Penitent mourning was often expressed by fasting, so that the words are interchanged as synonymous (Matthew 9:15), and the day of atonement, when they "afflicted their souls," is called "the fast" (Acts 27:9; Leviticus 23:27; Israel, 1 Samuel 7:6; Nineveh, Jonah 3:5; the Jews when hereafter turning to Messiah, Zechariah 12:10-11)
Cup - ]'>[2] ‘staggering’), Zechariah 12:2 (RV Hate, Hatred - ...
The Bible says that God hates religiosity (Isaiah 1:14 ; Amos 5:21 ), hypocrisy and lies (Zechariah 8:17 ), wrongdoing (Isaiah 61:8 ); divorce (Malachi 2:16 ), violence (Malachi 2:16 ), idolatrous practices (Hosea 9:15 ), and the way the prophets are treated (Jeremiah 44:4 )
Gentleness - As Yahweh's representative, the messianic king comes in humility and gentleness (Zechariah 9:9 )
Arm - Zechariah 11:17 )
Staff - ...
Zechariah 11:10-14 (b) These two staves indicate "authoritative rule and abounding resources
Shiloh (1) - Balaam refers to this prophecy of Jacob (Numbers 24:17; Isaiah 11:1-9; Zechariah 9:10; Ephesians 2:14; Revelation 5:5)
Mount - So Zechariah 8:3
Canaan (2) - The land of Canaan was called the land of Israel, 1 Samuel 13:19, because it was occupied by the descendants of Jacob or Israel; the holy land, Zechariah 2:12; the land of promise, Hebrews 11:9, because it was promised to Abraham and his posterity as their possession; the land of Judah, Jeremiah 39:10, because Judah was the leading tribe; the land of the Hebrews, Genesis 40:15, or the descendants of Eber, an ancestor of Abraham
Jude - Jude refers to the vision in Zechariah 3:1-3
Wine Press - With shoutings on all sides, the grapes were plucked off and carried to the wine press, פורה , פארה , ληνος , which was in the vineyard, Isaiah 53:3 ; Zechariah 14:10 ; Haggai 2:16 ; Matthew 21:33 ; 1619166092_35
People of the Land - Translation of the technical Hebrew term am ha' arez , used primarily in Jeremiah, Ezekiel, 2Kings, and 2Chronicles, (see also Genesis 23:7 ; Exodus 5:5 ; Leviticus 20:2 ; Numbers 14:9 ; Haggai 2:4 ; Zechariah 7:5 ; Daniel 9:6 )
jo'Ash - When he was rebuked for this by Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada, Joash caused him to be stoned to death in the very court of the Lord's house
Vision(s) - A prophetic work could be titled as a vision (Isaiah 1:1 ; Nahum 1:1 ), and certain prophecies—Ezekiel, Daniel, Zechariahdeveloped a greater capacity for visionary revelation. Ezekiel, Daniel, Zechariah, and Revelation are the biblical books that exhibit the traits of apocalyptic material most clearly, though there are other passages in the Bible and other books from the ancient world that have similar features. ...
The prophecies of Zechariah contain a series of eight "night visions" (1:7-6:15)
Fasting (2) - The four annual fasts, established in memory of national calamities and referred to by Zechariah (Zechariah 8:19), had fallen into desuetude, and were not revived until after the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans
Governor - Used of the "dukes" of Edom (Genesis 36 ), and of the Jewish chiefs (Zechariah 9:7 )
Divination - The Bible alludes to the use of omens (Isaiah 44:25 ), arrows (Hosea 4:12 ), animal actions (1 Samuel 6:7-12 ), the reading of livers (Ezekiel 21:21-22 ), budding plants (Numbers 17:1-11 ), necromancy (1 Samuel 28 ), and prophetic utterances, called false (Micah 3:7,11 ) or "lying divinations" (Isaiah 44:25 ; Jeremiah 14:14 ; 27:9-10 ; Ezekiel 12:24 ; Zechariah 10:2 )
Josiah - The outburst of national grief on account of his death became proverbial (Zechariah 12:11 ; Compare Revelation 16:16 )
Compassion - The Scriptures also exhort believers to make compassion an integral aspect of their lives (Zechariah 7:9 ; Colossians 3:12 )
Cup - ...
Zechariah uses the image of the cup of wrath to depict the fate of the enemies of Jerusalem
Bee - Hereafter He will "hiss for" His people to "gather them, for He hath redeemed them" (Zechariah 10:8)
Jonathan - Priest, son of Shemaiah and father of Zechariah, in a group who played musical instruments (Nehemiah 12:35 )
False Prophet - ” Other examples are in Jeremiah 23:21-33 and Zechariah 10:2
Repentance - the evidences of repentance are, faith, humility, prayer, and obedience, Zechariah 12:10
Nazareth - The name Nazareth perhaps means 'a watch tower' (now en-Nasrah), but is connected in the New Testament with Netzer, 'a branch' (Isaiah 4:2 ; Jeremiah 23:5 ; Zechariah 3:8 ; 6:12 ; Matthew 2:23 ), Nazarene being quite a different word from Nazarite
Mediator - ...
It is no objection to this explanation that the gospel too has a Mediator, for Jesus is not a mediator separating the two parties as Moses did, but at once God having "in Him dwelling all the fullness of the Godhead," and man representing the universal manhood (1 Corinthians 8:6; 1 Corinthians 15:22; 1 Corinthians 15:28; 1 Corinthians 15:45; 1 Corinthians 15:47; 1 Corinthians 15:24; 2 Corinthians 5:19; Colossians 2:14); even this mediatorial office shall cease, when its purpose of reconciling all things to God shall have been accomplished, and God's ONENESS as "all in all" shall be manifested (Zechariah 14:9)
Meshach - The fire only burnt their bonds, so that they "walked loose in the midst of the fire" (John 8:36; Psalms 138:7; Isaiah 43:1-2); Jehovah was a wall of fire round them against their foes (Zechariah 2:5)
Gift, Giving - ...
Both Testaments witness to God's gift of leadership to God's people as: priests (Numbers 8:19 ; Zechariah 3:7 ); Davidic kings (2 Chronicles 13:5 ); deliverers (2 Kings 13:5 ); shepherds with Godlike hearts (Jeremiah 3:15 ); apostles, prophets, evangelists, and pastor-teachers (Ephesians 4:11-12 )
Earthquake - ...
The Bible mentions an earthquake during the reign of Uzziah (Amos 1:1 ; Zechariah 14:5 )
Hobab - So Zechariah 8:23
Orphan - True repentance meant justice for the orphan (Isaiah 1:17 ; Jeremiah 7:6 ; 22:3 ; Zechariah 7:10 )
Har-Magedon - The primary reference, no doubt, would be to Israel’s victory ‘by the waters of Megiddo’ over the kings of Canaan (Judges 5:19), which might be taken as typical of the triumph of God and His Kingdom over the hostile world-powers; but the defeat and death of Saul and Jonathan at the eastern extremity of the plain (1 Samuel 31:1), the disastrous struggle of Josiah on the same field against Pharaohnecoh (2 Kings 23:29, 2 Chronicles 35:22), and Zechariah’s reference to ‘the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the valley of Megiddon’ (Zechariah 12:11), would heighten the suggestion of a great day of overthrow and destruction
Lamp - And when the Lord Jesus appeared to John, he was seen in the midst of the golden candlesticks (Revelation 1:12-13) And John saw before the throne, at another vision, seven lamps of fire burning before the throne, (Revelation 4:5) (See also Exodus 25:37; Exo 37:23; Numbers 8:2; Zechariah 4:2) No doubt, that besides the general use of lighting the temple, they had a reference to spiritual things, and were meant as emblems of the illuminating and brightening offices of God the Holy Ghost to the churches and people
Solomon - " (Zechariah 6:13)...
But when we have looked at Solomon, king of Israel, as in those and the like instances, as becoming a lively type of the ever-blessed Jesus, and see in our Lord Jesus Christ a greater than Solomon in every one, I would request the reader to detach from the person and character of David's son all that belongs not to him in those Scriptures, and particularly in the book of the Psalms, which are as if directed to him and spoken of him, but certainly with him have nothing to do
Temple - I refer the reader to the prophecies of Haggai and Zechariah, and to the books of Ezra and Nehemiah, for the Scriptural account of this great event
Hand - ...
In court the accuser stands on the right hand (Psalms 109:6 , Zechariah 3:1 )
Camel - " The "sackcloth" so often alluded to (2 Kings 1:8 ; Isaiah 15:3 ; Zechariah 13:4 , etc
Hope - " (Zechariah 9:12) And the apostle Paul, under the same figure, calls himself the Lord's prisoner, and saith, it is for "the hope of Israel, I am bound with this chain
zi'Don, - (Genesis 10:15,19 ; Joshua 11:8 ; 19:28 ; Judges 1:31 ; 18:28 ; Isaiah 23:2,4,12 ; Jeremiah 25:22 ; 27:3 ; Ezekiel 28:21,22 ; Joel 3:4 ) ( Joel 4:4 ); Zechariah 9:2 ; Matthew 11:21,22 ; 15:21 ; Mark 3:8 ; 1:24,31 ; Luke 6:17 ; 10:13,14 An ancient and wealthy city of Phoenicia, on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, less than twenty English miles to the north of Tyre
Mount Zion - (Joel 2:32; Obadiah 1:1:21; Zechariah 8:3
Only Begotten - The expression also suggests the thought of the deepest affection, as in the case of the OT word yachid, variously rendered, "only one," Genesis 22:2,12 ; "only son," Jeremiah 6:26 ; Amos 8:10 ; Zechariah 12:10 ; "only beloved," Proverbs 4:3 , and "darling," Psalm 22:20 ; 35:17
Approve, Approved - ; in Genesis 23:16 , "four hundred didrachms of silver approved with merchants;" in Zechariah 11:13 , in regard to the 30 pieces of silver, "Cast them into a furnace and I will see if it is good (approved) metal
Peace - Psalms 72:3 ; Psalms 72:7 , Isaiah 2:4 ; Isaiah 9:5-7 ; Isaiah 11:5-9 , Haggai 2:9 , Zechariah 9:10 ); and (3) it signified a sound and settled understanding between J″ Time - This month has no Biblical name, but was called in later times Tammuz, after the god of that name, in whose honour a fast was kept during the month, which is mentioned in Zechariah 8:19 as ‘the fast of the fourth month. Chislev (Nehemiah 1:1 , Zechariah 7:1 , 1Ma 1:54 etc. Shebat (Zechariah 1:7 , 1Ma 16:14 ), taken from the Babylonian; of doubtful meaning, but, according to some, the month of destroying rain. Twice in Isaiah ( Isaiah 6:1 ; Isaiah 14:28 ) the date noted is that of the year of the death of a king, in another case the date is the invasion by the Tartan ( Isaiah 20:1 ); whilst in Amos ( Amos 1:1 ) a date is given as ‘two years before the earthquake,’ apparently a particularly severe one which happened during the reign of Uzziah, king of Judah ( Zechariah 14:5 )
Angel - ]'>[7] ); ‘the holy ones’ ( qedoshim ), Zechariah 14:5 ; ‘keepers’ ( shômerim ), Isaiah 62:6 ; ‘watchers’ ( ‘irim ), Daniel 4:14 (17). , 2 Kings 1:3 ; 2 Kings 1:15 , Zechariah 1:9 ); they bring evil and destruction upon men ( 2 Samuel 24:16-17 , 2 Kings 19:35 , Psalms 35:6 ; Psalms 78:49 , Job 33:22 ; in Proverbs 16:14 the wrath of a king is likened to angels of death); on the other hand, they are the protectors of men ( Psalms 34:8 , (7), Psalms 91:11 ), and save them from destruction ( Genesis 19:15 ff. Zechariah 12:8 ); they report to God what is going on upon the earth ( Job 1:6 ; Job 2:1 ), for which purpose they are represented as riding on horseback ( Zechariah 1:8-10 , cf
Consecrate - ) use the temple ritual as a metaphor for holiness (Lamentations 1:8-9,17 ; 4:13-15 ; Ezekiel 36:17,25 ; Haggai 2:10-19 ; Zechariah 3 ). Zechariah anticipated a day when the commonplace things of life would be raised to the status of holy (14:20-21)
Ahaz - To impress this on Ahaz as the coming result of Assyrian interference, he took with him two witnesses, Uriah the priest and Zechariah. Zechariah, the same history tells us (2 Kings 18:2), was father of Abi, Ahaz's wife, mother of Hezekiah
Child, Children - Zechariah dreams of the happy time when Jerusalem shall be full of boys and girls playing in the streets ( Zechariah 8:5 )
Earth, Land - ...
Zechariah promised that the Lord would not deal with the remnant of His people as He had in former days. “The vine shall give her fruit, and the ground (ha'arets) shall give her increase” (Zechariah 8:12 )
Abstain, Abstinence - Zechariah 8:19 notes four fasting periods in a positive way. The messianic era is depicted as a time of great blessing via this imagery (Joel 3:18 ; Amos 9:13 ; Zechariah 9:17 )
Jealousy (2) - ‘He that toucheth you toucheth the apple of his eye’ (Zechariah 2:8). also the striking passage Zechariah 8:2 ff
Clothing, Cloths, Clothes, Cloke, Coat - " It was used of the clothing of ancient prophets, in token of their contempt of earthly splendor, 1 Kings 19:13 ; 2 Kings 1:8 , RV; Zechariah 13:4 . reads "a long robe;" and in Zechariah 3:4 , "clothe ye him with a long robe;" in the NT in Revelation 1:13 , of the long garment in which the Lord is seen in vision amongst the seven golden lampstands
Farming - These were necessary to bring the cereal crops to full growth before the dry season arrived (Deuteronomy 11:14; Proverbs 16:15; Jeremiah 3:3; Jeremiah 5:24; Joel 2:23; Zechariah 10:1). Throughout the hot dry season that followed, farmers depended mainly on heavy dews to provide moisture for their crops (1 Kings 17:1; Isaiah 18:4; Zechariah 8:12; see WEATHER)
Jeremiah - Like Asaph (Psalm 73) he felt perplexed at the prosperity of the wicked (Jeremiah 12:1-4) plotters at Anathoth against his life (Jeremiah 11:19-21), to which Jehovah replies that even worse is before him at Jerusalem: "if thou hast run with the footmen (the Anathoth men), and they have wearied thee, then how canst thou contend with horses (the men of Jerusalem)? And if (it is only) in a land of peace thou trustest (so the Hebrew is), then how wilt thou do in the swelling of Jordan?" Or else, if in the plain country alone thou art secure, how wilt thou do "in the pride (the wooded banks, the lair of beasts: Zechariah 11:3; 2 Kings 6:2 compare Proverbs 24:10) of Jordan?"...
Jeremiah sensitively shrank from strifes, yet the Holy Spirit enabled him to deliver his message at the certain cost of rousing enmity and having his sensitiveness wounded (Job 3:3-112). ) The potter's field significantly was the purchase with the price of reprobate Judas' treachery (Matthew 27:9-10, which quotes Zechariah 11:12-13 as Jeremiah's because Zechariah rests on Jeremiah; compare Psalms 2:8-9; Revelation 2:27). "...
So they cast him into Malchiah's dungeon, or cistern emptied of its water during the siege, the mire alone remaining (compare Zechariah 9:11 and the Antitype, Psalms 69:2; Psalms 69:14). The Jews say, "the spirit of Jeremiah dwelt afterward in Zechariah"; Matthew (Jeremiah 27:9) therefore quotes the words of Zechariah as Jeremiah's
Holy Spirit - It may have resulted in victorious leadership (Judges 3:10; Judges 6:34; Zechariah 4:6), superhuman strength (Judges 14:6; Judges 14:19; Judges 15:14; Judges 16:20) or artistic ability and knowhow (Exodus 31:3-5). Prophets who received God’s messages and passed them on to his people did so through the activity of God’s Spirit upon them (2 Samuel 23:2; 2 Chronicles 24:20; Nehemiah 9:30; Isaiah 61:1; Zechariah 7:12; see PROPHECY, PROPHET). Zechariah 7:12 with Acts 7:51; Acts 28:25; 1 Peter 1:11)
Tabernacles, Feast of - Thus Zechariah 14:16 names as the future sign of Judah’s triumph the fact that all the world shall come up yearly to Jerusalem to keep this festival
Day of the Lord - Zechariah 14:7 even points to a time when all time is daylight, night with its darkness having vanished
Water - ‘flowing’ water of the spring is greatly preferred to the ‘dead’ water of the cistern, and it stands frequently for the vitalizing Influences of God’s grace ( Jeremiah 2:13 , Zechariah 14:3 , John 4:10 etc
Convert, Conversion - (2) It can describe an Israelite returning to God or, negatively, failing to do so (Isaiah 6:10 ; 31:6 ; Jeremiah 3:10,12 , 14,22 ; Amos 4:6,8 , 10 ; Zechariah 1:2-4 )
Nathan - ) "The family of the house of David and the family of the house of Nathan" represent the highest and lowest of the royal order; as "the family of the house of Levi and the family of Shimei" represent the highest and lowest of the priestly order (Zechariah 12:12-13)
Nail - In Zechariah 10:4, "out of him (Judah) shall come forth the nail," namely, the large peg inside the Eastern tent, on which is hung most of its valuable furniture
Midrash - Matthew 27:3-10 (the 30 pieces of silver) is regarded as a midrash on Zechariah 11:12-13 and Jeremiah 32:6-15
Fear - Examples of the latter are Israel's fear of the Lord following the exodus deliverance (Exodus 14:31 ) and the fear of Zechariah, father of John the Baptist, when he saw the angel of the Lord (Luke 1:12 )
Hand - The accuser in a trial stood "at the right hand" of the accused, so Satan at Joshua's right hand (Zechariah 3:1; Psalms 109:6); but the Advocate Messiah also is at the believer's "right hand," to defend his cause effectively (Psalms 16:8; Psalms 109:31); therefore Paul could say (Romans 8:31; Romans 8:33-34), "If God be for us, who can be against us? Who shall lay anything to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth
Torch - , Job 41:19, Isaiah 62:1, Ezekiel 1:13, Daniel 10:6, Nahum 2:4, Zechariah 12:6
Ashdod - ...
The prophets of Israel spoke about the city of Ashdod in various military, political and moral contexts (Nehemiah 13:23-24 ; Isaiah 20:1-6 ; Jeremiah 25:20 ; Amos 1:8 ; Zechariah 9:6 )
Wing - ...
Zechariah 5:9 (b) It may be that the two women represent Israel and Judah
Burden - (See also Hosea 8:10; Nahum 1:1; Zechariah 12:1; Malachi 1:1)
Ablutions - Outward washing is only a symbol (Psalm 24:4 ; Psalm 51:7 ; Psalm 73:13 ; Proverbs 30:12 ; Isaiah 1:16 ; Isaiah 4:4 ; Jeremiah 2:22 ; Jeremiah 4:14 ; Ezekiel 16:4-9 ; Ezekiel 36:25-27 ; Zechariah 13:1 )
Ass - ...
The young ass (Isaiah 30:5 ; Isaiah 30:24 ) or colt ( Job 11:12 , Zechariah 9:9 , Luke 19:33 etc
Ground - Zechariah 8 ...
The fire ran along on the ground
Cloud - " Precious Lord Jesus! whilst thou art thus gracious, and thus blessed, to thy church and people, we still behold the cloud, yea, now look; through by faith, and behold thee in the cloud, a wall of fire round about, and the glory, as thou didst promise, in the midst of Zion! (See Zechariah 2:8)...
Alexander the Great - In Zechariah 6:2,3 , the four great monarchies are alluded to, and the third, the kingdom of Greece, is compared to a chariot with white horses
Abijah - Daughter of Zechariah and mother of Hezekiah 2 Chronicles 29:1 : contracted into ABI in2Kings 18:2
Greece - It is not often mentioned in the Old Testament, Daniel 8:21 10:20 11:2 Joel 3:6 Zechariah 9:13
Tent - " A tent is also put for its inmates, Habakkuk 3:7 Zechariah 12:7
Prison - ]'>[1] ‘dungeon’ and ‘dungeon house’ respectively; also alone in Jeremiah 38:8 , Zechariah 9:11
Joash - Zechariah, son of Jehoiada, attempted to call them back to the worship of God, but by command of the king he was stoned to death in the court of the temple
Music (2) - It is in the OT that the various national instruments appear, of which the following are the principal types:—(1) Stringed: lyre (Authorized and Revised Versions ‘harp’), harp (Authorized and Revised Versions variously ‘psaltery,’ ‘viol,’ ‘lute’); (2) wind: pipe, of wood; curved trumpet, of horn or (in later times) of metal; straight trumpet, of silver; (3) percussion: hand-drum (Authorized and Revised Versions ‘tabret,’ ‘timbrel’) of skin; cymbals (Authorized and Revised Versions once [1] ‘bells’) of brass, used, especially the precentor as it appears from 1 Chronicles 16:5, no doubt for rhythmical purposes
Ezra, the Book of - The first part of Ezra (Ezra 1-6) describes the return from the captivity under Joshua and Zerubbabel, and the building of the temple; the enemy's obstructions; its advance through the prophets Haggai and Zechariah (Ezra 5:1-2; Ezra 6:14), and its completion in Darius Hystaspes' sixth year, 516 B. ) is the time of prince Zerubbabel and the high priest Joshua aided by Haggai and Zechariah. "...
This explains the strange boldness of the Jews (Ezra 5:1-2) in treating Smerdis' edict as void, and without waiting for Darius' warrant resuming the work under Zerubbabel and Jeshua, with Zechariah and Haggai. : possibly Haggai who supported him, for the title "the prophet" (Ezra 5:1; Ezra 6:14) is the one found also Haggai 1:1; Haggai 1:3; Haggai 1:12; Haggai 2:1; Haggai 2:10; so whereas Zechariah names Zerubbabel and Jeshua separately and without addition, the formula in Ezra 3:2; Ezra 3:8; Ezra 5:2, as in Haggai 1:1; Haggai 1:12; Haggai 1:14; Haggai 2:2; Haggai 2:4; Haggai 2:23, is "Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel and Jeshua the son of Jozadak"; compare also Ezra 5:1-2, with Haggai 1, also the older people's sorrowful regrets for the former temple in seeing the new one (Ezra 3:12; Haggai 2:3); both mark dates by the year of "Darius the king" (Ezra 4:24; Ezra 6:15; Haggai 1:1; Haggai 1:15; Haggai 2:10); also the phrase "Zerubbabel, Jeshua, and the remnant of their brethren" (Ezra 3:8; Haggai 1:12; Haggai 1:14); also Ezra 6:16 with Haggai 2:2; also "the work of the house of the Lord" (Ezra 3:8-9; Haggai 1:14); "the foundation of the temple was laid" (Ezra 3:6; Ezra 3:10-12; Haggai 2:18); "the house of the Lord" 25 times to six wherein Ezra uses "the temple of the Lord"; Haggai "the house" seven times to "the temple" twice
Prophecy, Prophet - Sometimes he was called a seer (meaning ‘one who sees’) because he may have seen God’s message in a vision (1 Samuel 9:9; 1 Samuel 9:18-19; Zechariah 1:7-8). The Messiah was a king and a servant, a conqueror and a sufferer, a saviour and a victim (Deuteronomy 18:15; Isaiah 9:6-7; Isaiah 11:1-5; Isaiah 52:13-14; Isaiah 53:4-7; Zechariah 6:12-13; Zechariah 12:10)
King, Christ as - intensified the hope of witnessing the kingdom of God, but in apocalyptic terms—the anticipation of a divine warrior, a messianic king who would appear as God's deliverer (Zechariah 9:9-17 ; 12:8-10 ; 14:3-9 ). Zechariah 9:9 ). Daniel 7:13 ; Zechariah 12:10 )
Mining And Metals - The ‘ephah’ in Zechariah 5:7-8 has a leaden covering. Isaiah 48:10 ), Proverbs 17:3 ; Proverbs 25:4 ; Proverbs 27:21 , Zechariah 13:9 , Malachi 3:3 , and especially in Jeremiah 6:28-30 and Ezekiel 22:17-22
Money - The 30 pieces of silver paid to Judas for betraying Jesus were tetradrachmas or shekels, the sum paid for a slave accidentally killed (Zechariah 11:12; Zechariah 11:18; Matthew 26:15; Exodus 21:32)
Canon of the Old Testament - "...
Zechariah (Zechariah 7:12) speaks of "the law" and "the former prophets" upon which the later prophets rested; the succeeding sacred writers, under inspiration, setting their seal to their predecessors by quotations from them as Scripture
Tomb - The principal remaining architectural sepulchres may be divided into three groups: first, those existing in the valley of Jehoshaphat, and known popularly as the tombs of Zechariah of St. Of the three first-named tombs the most southern is known as that of Zechariah a popular name which there is not even a shadow of tradition to justify
Zacharias - ]'>[2] ), though accepted by Baronius, that this Zacharias was slain by Herod between the Temple and the brazen altar, has no historical basis; it is a mere guess to explain the difficulty, that whereas many of the prophets were martyred at a later date than Zechariah the son of Jehoiada (2 Chronicles 24:20), yet our Lord, summing up the list of such murders, begins with Abel and ends with Zechariah (Matthew 23:35)
Lie, Lying - ...
The Old Testament prophets emphatically forbid lying and all deceit and show that this standard is fundamental to those who are in covenant relationship with the Lord (Isaiah 59:4,14-15 ; Zechariah 8:16-17 ; Ezekiel 13:9 ; Hosea 4:1-2 ; Jeremiah 7:28 ). , those who prophesy false visions, divinations, and delusions of their own minds) are frequently condemned (Isaiah 9:15 ; Jeremiah 14:14 ; 23:25-26 ; 28:15 ; Ezekiel 13:6-7 ; 21:29 ; 22:28 ; Micah 2:11 ; Zechariah 10:2 ; 13:3 )
Archangel - Frequently, they are set within a wider class of celestial beings that include “sons of God” (Genesis 6:2 ,Genesis 6:2,6:4 ; Psalm 29:1 , Psalm 89:6 ; Job 38:7 ), “holy ones” (Deuteronomy 33:2 ; Psalm 89:5 ,Psalms 89:5,89:7 ; Job 15:15 ; Zechariah 14:5 ), and “sons of the most High” (Psalm 82:6 ; Luke 6:35 )
Gath - ), partially destroyed Gath and made it once again a part of the territory of Judah (Zechariah 9:5-67 )
Oaths - Isaiah 65:15 , Zechariah 8:13 )
Prophet - , Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi
Malachi - The prophets Haggai and Zechariah added to these hopes by assuring the people that unprecedented blessings would come when the Temple was complete
Anoint - ) What He is His people are, Messiahs or "anointed ones" by union with Him (Zechariah 4:14), having the unction of the Holy Spirit (2 Corinthians 1:21; 1 John 2:20)
Gaza - " In Zechariah 9:5 "the king shall perish from Gaza," i
Earthquake - Mention of several is made in the OT, sometimes coupled with significant reference to serious disaster and widespread alarm caused by them (1 Samuel 14:15, Amos 1:1, Zechariah 14:5 etc
Horn - ...
Zechariah 1:18 (a) Here we see four Gentile powers which persecuted and scattered Israel
Fig, Fig-Tree - The bark is smooth, and the size and thickness of the leaves readily explain the point of the Jewish proverb-‘to sit under one’s own vine and one’s own fig-tree’ (1 Kings 4:25, Micah 4:4, Zechariah 3:10)
Journey, Journeyings - , Zechariah 8:21
Philistines - They regained their full liberty, however, under the later kings of Judah; and we see by the menaces uttered against them by the prophets Isaiah, Amos, Zephaniah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, that they brought many calamities on Israel, for which God threatened to punish them with great misfortunes, Jeremiah 47:1-7 Ezekiel 25:15 Amos 1:6-8 Obadiah 1:19 Zechariah 9:5
Spirit - Thus we read of a spirit of jealously, a spirit of fornication, a spirit of prayer, a spirit of infirmity, a spirit of wisdom and understanding, a spirit of fear of the Lord, Hosea 4:12 Zechariah 12:10 Luke 13:11 Isaiah 11:2
Potter, Pottery - ), ‘into the treasury ,’ is preferred in Zechariah 11:13 by many scholars and RVm Jezreel (1) - sowed them (Zechariah 10:9; Hosea 1:11)
Curse, Cursing, Cursed, Accursed - , Zechariah 14:11
Meek, Meekness - Christ uses it of His own disposition, Matthew 11:29 ; He gives it in the third of His Beatitudes, Matthew 5:5 ; it is said of Him as the King Messiah, Matthew 21:5 , from Zechariah 9:9 ; it is an adornment of the Christian profession, 1 Peter 3:4
Earthquake - Mention of several is made in the OT, sometimes coupled with significant reference to serious disaster and widespread alarm caused by them (1 Samuel 14:15, Amos 1:1, Zechariah 14:5 etc
Jerusalem - The initial enthusiasm lagged, but Haggai and Zechariah finally motivated the people. Prophets like Zechariah painted new images concerning the future of Jerusalem (Zechariah 14:1 )
Jerusalem - Isaiah 10:5,6 ; Zechariah 14:1,2 . ' Zechariah 8:4 . Zechariah 14:8-10
Magic, Divination, And Sorcery - 2 Kings 1:8 , Zechariah 13:4 ). The word is used in relation to necromancy and the consultation of teraphim ( 1 Samuel 15:23 ; 1Sa 28:8 , 2 Kings 17:17 , Zechariah 10:2 ). References to misleading divination by dreams occur in Isaiah 2:6 (prophets were to he judged by the character of their teaching and to be put to death if they favoured idolatry), Jeremiah 23:25-28 ; Jeremiah 27:9 ; Jeremiah 29:8 , Zechariah 10:2 . The word also appears in connexion with false prophets ( Isaiah 28:7 ; Isaiah 30:10 , Lamentations 2:14 , Ezekiel 12:24 ; Ezekiel 13:6 , Ezekiel 13:16 , 28; Ezekiel 21:29 ; Ezekiel 22:28 , Zechariah 10:2 ). Signs were given by God and His prophets as well as by false prophets; these were exhibitions of Divine power in smaller matters by which men might be enabled to trust God in things of greater moment ( Judges 6:36 ); or they were Instances of truth in small predictions, to awaken confidence in greater promises or threatenings ( Exodus 4:8 ; Exodus 10:2 , Isaiah 7:11 ); or they were simply the attachment of particular meaning to ordinary facts to remind men of God’s promises or threats ( Genesis 9:12 ; Genesis 17:11 , Isaiah 8:18 , Ezekiel 12:11 , Zechariah 3:8 )
Jerusalem - Isaiah 11:9-10; Psalms 122:2-59; Zechariah 14:10. 2 Chronicles 25:23; 2 Chronicles 26:9; 2 Chronicles 9:1-12; Zechariah 14:10. Zechariah 14:10. Its preservation and restoration at times promised and performed, 2 Kings 19:10; 2 Chronicles 32:9-20; Isaiah 37:17; Isaiah 37:20; Isaiah 37:33-35; Psalms 69:35, where it is called Zion: compare Jeremiah 20:2; Jeremiah 31:1; Jeremiah 31:4; Jeremiah 31:38-40; Zechariah 8:3-5. Again its destruction by the Romans was predicted, Zechariah 14:2; Ezekiel 5:5,; and Luke 21:9-10; Luke 21:20; Luke 21:24; and Josephus' description of the siege and destruction of the city under Titus (Wars, Bk
False Prophet - It was the Septuagint translators who introduced the term pseudoprophetes [ Jeremiah 6:13 ; 26:7-8,11 , 16 ; 27:9 ; 28:1 ; 29:1,8 ; Zechariah 13:2 ). ...
False prophets prophesied lies (Jeremiah 6:13 ; 27:14 ; Zechariah 13:3 ), deceived the people with their dreams (Jeremiah 29:8 ), prophesied by the alleged authority of Baal (Jeremiah 2:8 ; 23:13 ), threatened the lives of the true prophets (Jeremiah 26:7 ), and dared to speak when they had not stood in the council of Yahweh and received a word directly from the Lord (Jeremiah 23:18 )
Jehoiada - " The fickle people, princes, and king soon forgot all his benefits, and slew his son Zechariah "in the court of the Lord's house," (the very scene of Jehoiada's reverent care to remove pollution, 2 Chronicles 23:14, in restoring the throne and the temple,) for his faithful reproofs of their idolatry (2 Chronicles 24:15-16; 2 Chronicles 24:20-22). (See Zechariah
Angel - The most prominent exceptions are the heavenly visions of Isaiah and Zechariah. The Apocalypse of John in its visionary nature, apocalyptic style, and reference to angels is comparable to parts of Daniel, Zechariah, and Isaiah
Stone - We read of foundation-stones ( 1 Kings 5:17 ), of a corner-stone ( Psalms 118:22 ), of a head-stone or finial ( Zechariah 4:7 ); and in 2 Kings 16:17 mention is made of a pavement of stone
Vine, Vineyard - As in the case of the olive, the culture of the vine needs a peaceful, settled population, as the plants require several years’ care before bearing fruit ( Zephaniah 1:13 ), and constant attention if they are to maintain their excellence; hence to sit under one’s ‘own vine and fig tree’ was a favourite image of peace ( 1 Kings 4:25 , Micah 4:4 , Zechariah 3:10 )
Fertility Cult - (A local manifestation of this god is mourned in Zechariah 12:11 ; Syrian kings derived their names from this deity, 1 Kings 15:18 ; 2 Kings 6:24 ; 2 Kings 13:24 )
Month - Εlul the sixth (Nehemiah 6:15); Chisleu the ninth (Nehemiah 1:1); Τebeth (from the Egyptian tobi ) the tenth (Esther 2:16); Sebat the eleventh (Zechariah 1:7); Αdar the twelfth (Esther 3:7)
Lord of Hosts - Isaiah, Jeremiah, Zechariah, and Malachi, where the title assumes a far wider meaning and embraces all the forces of the universe
Shepherd - (1 Samuel 17:40 ; Psalm 23:4 ; Zechariah 11:7 ) If the shepherd was at a distance from his home, he was provided with a light tent, (Song of Solomon 1:8 ; Jeremiah 35:7 ) the removal of which was easily effected
Horse - "...
The "cutting off of the horse from Jerusalem" prophetically symbolizes the cessation of war (Zechariah 9:10)
Hazael - He took Gath and even "set his face to go up to Jerusalem" (2 Kings 12:17) in Joash's reign (2 Chronicles 24:23-24), "and destroyed all the princes of the people from among the people" (it was God's righteous retribution, for it was "the princes of Judah" who with flattering "obeisance" at Jehoiada's death persuaded Joash to "leave the house of the Lord God of their fathers, to serve groves and idols," 2 Kings 12:17-18, and stoned Zechariah son of Jehoiada, who "testified against them," 2 Kings 12:19-22), and sent all the spoil to Damascus; Jehovah delivering "a very great host into the hand of a small company of Syrians, because the Jews had forsaken the Lord God of their fathers" (2 Kings 12:23-24)
Fig - It is possible the references in Micah 4:4 , Zechariah 3:10 may be to this, or to the not uncommon custom of having fig trees overhanging rural dwellings
Hardening, Hardness of Heart - People may harden their own hearts, in sinful rebellion, in bitterness over circumstances, or in sheer self-will (Exodus 9:34-35 ; 2 Chronicles 36:13 ; Zechariah 7:12 ; Hebrews 3:15 )
Gift - The Jews had long connected the precious gift of ‘living water’ with that ever-new and quickening power of the Spirit which, coming from God, can alone satisfy the soul’s thirst for Him (Zechariah 14:8, Jeremiah 2:13; Jeremiah 17:13)
Hair (2) - ...
The Baptist’s garment of camel’s hair (θρὶξ καμήλου, Matthew 3:4) is probably identical with אַדֵּרָח שׂעִר of Zechariah 13:4, and that of his great prototype (2 Kings 1:8, where we should read with (Revised Version margin) ‘a man with a garment of hair’)
Atonement, Day of - Zechariah 12:10-14 ; Isaiah 53 ; Psalm 51
Firstborn - ...
It shall hereafter realize this high Calling in a degree that it has not yet realized it, standing as "the firstborn among many brethren" (like the antitypical Israel, Messiah, Romans 8:29; Hebrews 2:12), and priest among all nations, which in subordination to Jerusalem, the spiritual metropolis, shall be the kingdoms of our Lord and His Christ, then manifested (Isaiah 61:6; Isaiah 66:21; Revelation 11:15; Zechariah 14:16; Jeremiah 3:17)
Camel, Camel's Hair - In Israel this coarse mantle was the badge of the prophet (Zechariah 13:4 ‘The prophets shall be ashamed each one of his vision, when he prophesieth; and they will no more wear a hairy garment in order to deceive’); and in 2 Kings 1:8 Elijah is described as being an ‘owner of hair’ בַּעַל שִעָר, that is, wearing this garment of the prophets; Authorized Version, ‘an hairy man’), and girt with leather
Fig - "To sit under one's own vine and figtree" was the proverb for peace and prosperity; so under Solomon (1 Kings 4:25); type of the true Solomon, Prince of peace, and of His coming millennial reign (Micah 4:4; Zechariah 3:10); men will be safe in the open field as in the house
Excommunication - The horror of this curse or chçrem hangs over the OT ( Malachi 4:6 , Zechariah 14:11 )
Teeth - ...
Zechariah 9:7 (b) Probably by this type the Lord is telling us that He will eventually conquer the Syrians, and will remove His people from the power of that kingdom, and will enable them to live for the glory of GOD
Sow (Verb) - ...
Zechariah 10:9 (b) Probably this refers to the fact that all over the world the Spirit of GOD will work on and in the hearts of His people in such a way that they will turn back to the living GOD, and to the Messiah, the Son of GOD
Month - (See Numbers 1:1; Ezra 3:8; Jeremiah 36:9; Ezekiel 31:1; Haggai 1:1; Hag 1:15; Zechariah 8:19; Luke 1:26; Luk 1:36)...
In Solomon's days we find names more particulary given to their months, yet still preserving the ancient method of speaking of their months after their numbers
am ha'Arez - (Jeremiah 44:21, Haggai 2:4, Zechariah 7:5), and (3) like ‘pagan’ from , was applied to those remote from or untouched by the culture (particularly religious culture) of the time, till it became (4) finally, an expression of contempt meaning ‘uncultured,’ ‘rude,’ ‘barbarous,’ ‘irreligious,’ applied to a certain class or even to a member of that class
Millennium - Jeremiah 31:34 ; Zechariah 14:9
Salt - " So a salt land, Jeremiah 17:6 , is the same as the "parched places of the wilderness," and is descriptive of barrenness, as saltness also is, Job 39:6 ; Psalms 107:34 ; Ezekiel 47:11 ; Zechariah 2:9
Jehoshaphat - Jahaziel, the son of Zechariah, by the Spirit of the Lord, encouraged the king, and promised that the next day he should obtain a victory without fighting
Goat - עתודים , a word which never occurs but in the plural, and means, the best prepared, or choicest of the flock; and metaphorically princes, as, Zechariah 10:3 , "I will visit the goats, saith the Lord," that is, I will begin my vengeance with the princes of the people
Justice - The accuser is named in several places, Satan, that is, the adversary, Psalm 109:6 Zechariah 3:1-3
Shepherd - In like manner Christ, as the Messiah, is often called a shepherd, ...
Zechariah 13:7 , and also takes on himself the title of "the Good Shepherd," who gives his life for his sheep, John 10:11,14,15
Advent, Second - " Zechariah 14:4
Call, Calling - The basic meaning, always present, is simply to utter the name of God (Psalm 116:4 ; Zechariah 13:9 ). More particularly, to call on God's name can mean to appeal to his mercy and power from a situation of weakness and need (2 Kings 5:11 ; Psalm 116:4 ; Lamentations 3:55 ; Matthew 26:53 ), but more often it connotes a basic commitment to the Lord as opposed to other gods (1 Kings 18:24 ; Psalm 79:6 ; Zechariah 13:9 ; Acts 9:14 ), sometimes an initial commitment (Genesis 4:26 ; Acts 22:16 )
Wine - Noisy shouting (Zechariah 9:15; Zechariah 10:7), rejoicing, taking away the understanding (Hosea 4:11)
Grace - ) a usage conspicuous in common Greek, and personified in the Charites , the three Graces of mythology the prominent instances in the OT are Psalms 45:2 (‘Grace is poured on thy lips’) and probably Zechariah 4:7 ; add to these Proverbs 1:9 ; Proverbs 3:22 ; Proverbs 4:9 ; Proverbs 22:11 ; Proverbs 31:30 (‘favour’). NT, ‘favour’ is reserved for this wide sense of charis ; see Luke 1:30 ; Luke 2:52 , Acts 2:47 ; Acts 7:10 ; Acts 7:46 ; Acts 25:3 : ‘grace’ has the same meaning in Luke 2:40 , Acts 4:33 , Zechariah 12:10 is the one instance in which ‘grace’ in the OT approximates to its prevalent NT import; but the Heb
Armour, Arms - The battle bows ( Zechariah 9:10 ; Zechariah 10:4 ), at least, must have been of considerable size the Egyptian bow measured about 5 ft
Day - A — 1: ἡμέρα (Strong's #2250 — Noun Feminine — hemera — hay-mer'-ah ) "a day," is used of (a) the period of natural light, Genesis 1:5 ; Proverbs 4:18 ; Mark 4:35 ; (b) the same, but figuratively, for a period of opportunity for service, John 9:4 ; Romans 13:13 ; (c) one period of alternate light and darkness, Genesis 1:5 ; Mark 1:13 ; (d) a period of undefined length marked by certain characteristics, such as "the day of small things," Zechariah 4:10 ; of perplexity and distress, Isaiah 17:11 ; Obadiah 1:12-14 ; of prosperity and of adversity, Ecclesiastes 7:14 ; of trial or testing, Psalm 95:8 ; of salvation, Isaiah 49:8 ; 2 Corinthians 6:2 ; cp
Blessing - Isaiah 19:24 ; Zechariah 8:13 )
Knowledge - and future events (Zechariah 13:1 ; Hosea 2:19-20 )
Theophany - Yet, though the angel is clearly identified with the Lord, he is distinguished from him (he is called "angel, " meaning "messenger" similar patterns of identification and distinction can be seen in Genesis 19:1,21 ; 31:11,13 ; Exodus 3:2,4 ; Judges 2:1-5 ; 6:11-12,14 ; 13:3,6 , 8-11,13 , 15-17,20-23 ; Zechariah 3:1-6 ; 12:8 )
Gate - they refuse them their right in the place of justice; (Amos 5:10) "they hate him that rebuketh in the gate," namely, the judge who condemns them (Zechariah 8:16)
Ass - ...
Zechariah 9:9 (c) This ass, as the one in John 12:14, represents the believer, who being set free from his old bondage carries the Lord JESUS about wherever he goes so that others may see and know Him
Palmtree - The earthly feast shall be renewed in commemoration of Israel's wilderness-like dispersion and sojourn among the nations (Zechariah 14:16)
Micah, Book of - Psalm 83 ; Isaiah 17:12-14 ; Zechariah 14:2
Damascus - also Amos 1:3-5 ; Jeremiah 49:23-27 ; Zechariah 9:1
Dreams - Jeremiah 23:25 ; Jeremiah 23:32 ; Jeremiah 27:9 ; Jeremiah 29:8 , Zechariah 10:2 , Ecclesiastes 5:7 ), and it is definitely recognized that the interpretation of dreams belongs to God, and is not a matter of human codification (cf
Angels - ...
To the godly, an angel may be a guide (Genesis 24:7; Genesis 24:40; Exodus 14:19; Acts 8:26; Acts 27:23), a protector (Psalms 34:7; Psalms 91:11; Daniel 6:22; Daniel 10:13; Daniel 10:21; Matthew 18:10), a deliverer (Isaiah 63:9; Daniel 3:28; Matthew 26:53; Acts 5:19), an interpreter of visions (Daniel 8:16; Zechariah 1:8-14; Revelation 1:1; Revelation 22:6) and, in fact, a sympathetic helper in all circumstances (Mark 1:13; Luke 22:43; Hebrews 1:13-14)
Messiah - This joint rule of the priest-king Messiah had been foreshadowed in the book of the prophet Zechariah (Zechariah 6:12-13)
Vessels And Utensils - Three Hebrew words so translated (Genesis 40:11 ; Isaiah 51:17 ,Isaiah 51:17,51:22 ; Jeremiah 35:5 ; Zechariah 12:2 ) refer to small bowls. Other special bowls served as fireports for holding coals (Zechariah 12:6 )
Synagogue - Periodic meetings for hearing the law and the prophets read were customary thenceforth on the return (Ezra 8:15; Nehemiah 8:2; Nehemiah 9:1; Zechariah 7:5; Acts 15:21). , to have succeeded the prophets, and to have been succeeded by the scribes, Ezra presiding; among the members Joshua, the high priest Zerubbabel, Daniel, the three children Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi, Nehemiah, Mordecai; their aim being to restore the crown or glory of Israel, the name of God as great, mighty, and terrible (Daniel 9:4; Jeremiah 32:18; Deuteronomy 7:21); so they completed the Old Testament canon, revising the text, introducing the vowel points which the Masorete editors have handed down to us, instituting "the feast" Ρurim , organizing the synagogue ritual
Christ - ...
The Branch of righteousness, Zechariah 3:8. ...
The man whose name is the BRANCH, Zechariah 6:12. Zechariah 13:1
Advent (2) - On the return from the Exile the hope of salvation through a Davidic kingship revived, as is evident from the prophetic utterances of Haggai (Haggai 2:22-23) and Zechariah (Zechariah 3:8; Zechariah 6:12); but in Malachi’s day it had again disappeared
Evil - Then later we have the figure of the Adversary or Satan, who, though still dependent on the will of God, is nevertheless so identified with evil that he is represented as taking the initiative in seduction ( Zechariah 3:1 , 1 Chronicles 21:1 , but cf
Contribution - Yet another prophet issues a call for true justice and compassion (Zechariah 7:9-10 )
Joseph - The name Joseph is used later in the Old Testament as a reference to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh (Numbers 1:32 ; Numbers 36:1 ,Numbers 36:1,36:5 ; 1 Kings 11:28 ) or as a designation for the whole Northern Kingdom (Psalm 78:67 ; Ezekiel 37:16 ,Ezekiel 37:16,37:19 ; Amos 5:6 ,Amos 5:6,5:15 ; Amos 6:6 ; Obadiah 1:18 ; Zechariah 10:6 )
Ass - It is lowly as compared with the horse; it symbolizes peace, as the horse does war, and as such bore the meek and lowly yet divinely royal Savior, the Prince of peace, in His triumphal entrance into His own capital (Zechariah 9:9); the young untamed colt bearing Him quietly marks His universal dominion over nature as well as spirit
Generation - and the fourth generation Zechariah died about 752 B
Games - Although the Bible contains references to sports (2 Samuel 2:14-16 ) along with allusions to children's entertainment (Isaiah 11:8 ; Zechariah 8:5 ), it is silent as to the nature of these games
Rachel - Her stealing her father's images or teraphim , household gods in human form, used for divination (Judges 17:5; Judges 18:14; Judges 18:17-18; Judges 18:20; 1 Samuel 15:23; 2 Samuel 23:24; Ezekiel 21:21; Zechariah 10:2), and her dexterity and ready cunning in hiding them, mark a character that had learned much of her father's duplicity
Hilkiah - Hilkiah was employed by Josiah also to consult Huldah the prophetess for him, and to help with Zechariah and Jehiel, "rulers of the house of God," in celebrating the Passover (2 Chronicles 34:20-22; 2 Chronicles 35:2; 2 Chronicles 35:8)
Measures - The measuring-reed, Ezekiel 42:16, comprised six cubits, or from ten to eleven feet, and the measuring-line, Zechariah 2:1, a hundred and forty-six feet
Justice - ...
In a culture where judges, not juries, render a verdict, false accusations, bribery, and influence peddling are the favored devices of injustice (Deuteronomy 16:18-20 ; 1 Samuel 8:3 ; Proverbs 17:23 ; 19:28 ; Isaiah 5:23 ; Jeremiah 5:28 ; Ezekiel 22:29 ; Amos 2:6-7 ; Zechariah 7:9-10 )
Israel - Zechariah 13:6-9
Dry Dried Drieth - ...
Zechariah 11:17 (b) This expression is used to illustrate the fact that the leaders of GOD's people because of their apostasy would be unable to serve or work acceptably
Fire - having a narrow ESCAPE (Zechariah 3:2; Amos 4:11; Judges 1:23)
Slave - The price was about 30 or 40 shekels (Exodus 21:32; Leviticus 27:3-4; Zechariah 11:12-13; Matthew 26:15)
Aaron - Zechariah 6:11-15 also speaks of a priest—Joshua—in typical terms
Glory - " (Zechariah 2:5)...
Names are sometimes given by the vanity of men to creatures concerning glory, but the holy Scriptures express their total disapprobation of it
Satan - Zechariah recorded a vision of “… Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the Lord, and Satan standing at his right hand to resist him” (literally, “be his adversary”; Olives - "It is truly a curious and interesting fact," adds the learned traveller, "that, during a period of little more than two thousand years, Hebrews, Assyrians, Romans, Moslems, and Christians, have been successively in possession of the rocky mountains of Palestine; yet, the olive still vindicates its paternal soil, and is found, at this day, upon the same spot which was called by the Hebrew writers Mount Olivet and the Mount of Olives, eleven centuries before the Christian era," 2 Samuel 15:30 ; Zechariah 14:4
Agriculture - The period denoted by the common scriptural expressions of the "early" and the "latter rain," (11:14; Jeremiah 5:24 ; Hosea 6:3 ; Zechariah 10:1 ; James 5:7 ) generally reaching from November to April, constituted the "rainy season," and the remainder of the year the "dry season
Mountains - Thus also difficulty is a "great mountain," Zechariah 4:7
Mourning - The time of mourning was commonly seven days, 1 Samuel 31:11-13 ; but it was lengthened or shortened according to circumstances, Zechariah 12:10
Olives, Mount of - "The Mount of Olives" occurs in the Old Testament in (Zechariah 14:4 ) only
Day of the Lord - They called this divine intervention the day of the Lord (Isaiah 2:12-19; Isaiah 13:6; Isaiah 13:9; Zephaniah 1:14-16; Zechariah 14:9)
High Priest - Joshua the high priest represented the nation on its trial before God, at first in filthy garments to represent its guilt, Satan accusing; then by Messiah's intercession justified; therefore the filthy garments are removed and a change of raiment is given and a fair mitre put on his head (Zechariah 3). At once the King and the Priest upon His throne (Zechariah 6:13). Jehoiada in Athaliah's and Joash's reigns, Zechariah, his son Azariah in Uzziah's reign, Urijah in Ahaz's reign, and Azariah under Hezekiah. His son Jeshua cooperated zealously with Zerubbabel in the restoration of Israel's temple and polity along with Haggai and Zechariah
Holy Spirit - By the time of the divided kingdom, the Spirit is beginning to inspire and empower prophets, guiding individuals to specific places where they proclaim messages of salvation or judgment from God to appointed audiences (Elijah 1 Kings 18:12 ; 2 Kings 2:16 ; Micaiah 1 Kings 22:24 ; Azariah Romans 12:1-8 ; Jahaziel 2 Chronicles 20:14 ; Zechariah son of Jehoiada 2 Chronicles 24:20 ). Haggai 2:5 and Zechariah 4:6 connect the Spirit's presence with the empowerment for rebuilding the temple. In Zechariah 6:8 the execution of God's will brings his Spirit rest. With Elizabeth (Luke 1:41 ), Zechariah (1:67), and Simeon (2:25-27), the Spirit comes with temporary power as in the Old Testament
Little Ones - The one of these is Isaiah 60:22 and the other Zechariah 13:7. Both passages are Messianic, though only Zechariah 13:7 is adduced in the NT and given explicit application to Christ (Matthew 26:31, Mark 14:27). If we may believe that the Master had these passages in mind when He called His disciples ‘these little ones,’ then the application of the term to them obviously meant to point them out as those ‘little ones’ who, Zechariah had promised, should be relined as silver and tried as gold, only that they might for ever become the Lord’s people; who, Isaiah had promised, should be the unassuming nucleus out of which by gracious expansion should be developed the newly created city of God which should be to Him an everlasting possession. In calling His disciples the ‘little ones’ of Isaiah 60:22, Zechariah 13:7, He points to them as the true seed of the Kingdom, the branch of God’s planting, the work of His hands in which He shall be glorified (cf
Oracles - The NRSV also entitles Zechariah 9:1 and Zechariah 12:1 “An Oracle
High Priest - Both are recognized as anointed leaders (Zechariah 4:14 ; Zechariah 6:9-15 )
Philistim - "The king shall perish from Gaza, and Ashkelon shall not be inhabited," Zechariah 9:5 . "Ashkelon," says Richardson, "was one of the proudest satrapies of the lords of the Philistines: now there is not an inhabitant within its walls; and the prophecy of Zechariah is fulfilled: ‘The king shall perish from Gaza, and Ashkelon shall not be inhabited
Arms - This weapon was thought so necessary in war, that it is there called, "the bow of war," or the "battle-bow," Zechariah 9:10 ; Zechariah 10:14
Eye - To keep any thing as the apple of the eye, is to preserve it with particular care, Deuteronomy 32:10 : "He that toucheth you, toucheth the apple of mine eye," Zechariah 2:8 ; attempts, to injure, me in the tenderest part, which men instinctively defend. The eye and its actions are occasionally transferred to God: "The eyes of the Lord run to and fro through the whole earth," Zechariah 4:10 ; 2 Chronicles 16:9 ; Psalms 11:4
Old Testament - (Psalm 40:7 ; Jeremiah 36:14 ; Ezekiel 2:9 ; Zechariah 5:1 ) The original character in which the text was expressed is that still preserved to us, with the exception of four letters, on the Maccabaean coins, and having a strong affinity to the Samaritan character. Almost more remarkable than any alteration in the quotation itself is the circumstance that in (Matthew 27:9 ) Jeremiah should be named as the author of a prophecy really delivered by Zechariah; the being that the prophecy is based upon that in (Jeremiah 18:1 ; Jeremiah 19:1 ) . and that without a reference to this original source the most essential features of the fulfillment of Zechariah's prophecy would be misunderstood
Cross - The piercing of Jesus' hands was foretold in Psalms 22:16; Zechariah 12:10
Eye - The term can refer to the (sur)face of the land (Exodus 10:5 ,Exodus 10:5,10:15 ; Numbers 22:5 ,Numbers 22:5,22:11 ) or to facets (faces) of a stone (Zechariah 3:9 )
Agriculture - Latter rain due (Deuteronomy 11:14 ; Jeremiah 5:24 ; Hosea 6:3 ; Zechariah 10:1 ; James 5:7 ; Job 29:23 )
Prison, Prisoners - Prison life became a symbol of oppression and suffering (Psalm 79:11 ), and release from prison provided a picture of restoration or salvation (Psalm 102:20 ; Psalm 142:7 ; Psalm 146:7 ; Isaiah 61:1 ; Zechariah 9:11-12 )
Age, Old (the Aged) - Zechariah, in the New Testament period, considered himself old, but he continued his service in the temple (Luke 1:18-25 )
Ebal - Why should the crown, both our and their glory, be our stumbling-block? See Micah 5:7; Zechariah 8:13; Zephaniah 3:20; Romans 11:12; Romans 11:15
Mary - Mary seems to have been related to Elizabeth, the mother of John the Baptist, and wife of the priest Zechariah
Inspiration - The NT doctrine of the presence and power of the Spirit of God in the renewed life of the believer is anticipated in the OT, inasmuch as to the Spirit’s operations are attributed wisdom ( Job 32:8 , 1 Kings 3:28 , Deuteronomy 34:9 ), courage ( Judges 13:25 ; Judges 14:6 ), penitence, moral strength, and purity ( Nehemiah 9:20 , Psalms 51:11 , Isaiah 63:10 , Ezekiel 36:26 , Zechariah 12:10 )
Glory - Its presence is anticipated in the restored Zion (Psalm 102:15-16 ; Isaiah 60:19 ; Zechariah 2:5 ), is actualized at the birth of Christ (Luke 2:9 ), and will be further accomplished in the heavenly Jerusalem (Revelation 21:11,23 )
Amos - (son of Joash) of Israel died (compare 1 Kings 14:23 with 1 Kings 15:1), in whose reign it is written he prophesied "two years before the earthquake"; compare Zechariah 14:5
Arment - ...
Zechariah 3:3 (a) We think that Joshua in this verse is a type of the nation of Israel and that the garments are a type of the wicked ways, actions and deeds of these people
Fig (Tree) - (See also Micah 4:4; Zechariah 3:10)
Canaan, Land of - It will yet be 'the holy land,' Zechariah 2:12 ; 'Immanuel's land,' Isaiah 8:8 ; for it is 'the land of promise,' Hebrews 11:9
Will - ...
The willingness of Yahweh to choose (1 Samuel 12:22 ) his own is responded too often by a misuse of will on Israel's part (Nehemiah 9:17 ; Hosea 5:11 ; Zechariah 7:11-12 )
Shimei - Son of Gershom, son of Levi (1 Chronicles 23:7; 1 Chronicles 23:9-10; 1 Chronicles 6:17; 1 Chronicles 6:29; Numbers 3:18; Zechariah 12:13)
Antichrist - In Zechariah 11:15-17 he is referred to as the foolish and idol shepherd, who cares not for the flock, in opposition to the Lord Jesus the good Shepherd
Goat - (Zechariah 10:3) Hence also another prophet exclaims, "Hell from beneath is moved for thee, to meet thee at thy coming; it stirreth up the dead for thee, even all the chief ones of the earth;" The margin of the Bible hath it, even all the great goats of the earth; meaning the princes and great men
Remnant - Zechariah announced that a “remnant” would be present at the time of the coming of the Messiah’s kingdom (12:10-13:1; 13:8-9)
Remember - Zechariah praised the Lord God that He had “raised up a horn of salvation for us in the house of his servant David … and to remember his holy covenant …” (Luke 1:69-73)
Joshua - , Zechariah 3:1 ; Zechariah 3:3 ; Zechariah 3:6 etc
Atonement - , in Zechariah 3:9 ; Luke 1:31-33 ; Zechariah 13:1 ; Zechariah 13:7 , Daniel 9:24-26 . 1 Peter 1:2 ; Zechariah 12:10 ; 1 Peter 2:21 ; 1Pe 2:24 ; 1 Peter 3:18 , Romans 3:24-25 ; Romans 5:8-11 ; Romans 8:34 , 2 Corinthians 5:21 , Galatians 1:4 ; Galatians 3:13 ; Galatians 4:4-5 , Ephesians 1:7 ; Ephesians 2:13-17 ; Ephesians 2:20 ; Ephesians 5:2 , Colossians 1:14 ; Colossians 1:20-22 , 1Ti 2:5 ; 1 Timothy 2:8 , Titus 2:14 , Hebrews 1:3 ; Hebrews 2:17 ; Hebrews 7:26 ; Hebrews 9:24-28 ; Hebrews 10:10-14 , 1 John 1:7 ; 1 John 2:2 ; 1 John 3:5 ; 1 John 4:10 , Revelation 1:5 ; Revelation 5:9 etc
Apocalyptic - But just as the distinctive themes of apocalyptic appear throughout the Scriptures, so we find that its literary forms have walk-on parts in many other books (Ezekiel 1-3 ; Zechariah 1-6 ; Matthew 24 ; Ephesians 1:15-23 ; Hebrews 12:22-24 ). The usual pattern, both in Daniel and in the extrabiblical apocalypses, is that a vision is followed by an explanation of the symbolism (Daniel 7:15-27 ; Zechariah 1:7-21 ), rather like the instances in which a parable of Jesus is followed by an interpretation (Matthew 13:24-30,36-43 ; Mark 4:1-20 )
Walk (2) - Zechariah 3:4; Zechariah 3:7), which is thus suggestively represented as a life of action conjoined with purity (cf
Games - Again, it has also been thought that we have in the burdensome stone of Zechariah 12:2 an allusion to a custom of lifting a heavy stone either as a test of strength or as a means of strengthening the muscles; but there is no actual proof that there was any sort of competitive contest in such exercises. The playing of the boys and girls in the streets of the glorified Jerusalem ( Zechariah 8:6 ) might indeed mean nothing more than kitten play; but fortunately we have in Matthew 11:15
Fulfillment - For them, the Messiah would appear as God's champion to expel the hated Roman occupation army and introduce the age when powerful nations would do homage to the Lord in Jerusalem (Zechariah 8:20-23 ). Prominent among these are the apocalyptic pronouncements of Zechariah (14:1-9) that describe the second coming of Christ
Feasts - " Meanwhile on earth Israel, long finding no ease or rest for the sole of the foot, but having "trembling of heart, failing of eyes, and sorrow of mind" (Deuteronomy 28:65), shall at length rest in her own land under Messiah reigning at Jerusalem as His holy capital and over the whole earth, and "everyone that is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall even go up from year to year to worship the King the Lord of hosts, and to keep the feast of tabernacles" (Zechariah 14:9; Zechariah 14:16; Revelation 7)
Greece - See also Zechariah 9:13 )
Vanity - ]'>[2] , and is applied to idols ( Isaiah 41:29 , Zechariah 10:2 )
Devote, Devoted - Zechariah 14:11 looks forward to a day when there will be herem [1]
Akeldama - It may have been (as Christian tradition had it afterwards) the place in the Valley of Hinnom where the potter of Jeremiah’s day pursued his craft (Jeremiah 18:2; Jeremiah 19:2); but of this there is no hint in the NT, for the reference to Jeremiah in the text of Matthew 27:9 is an inadvertence, the passage quoted by the Evangelist being Zechariah 11:13
Adoption - " The wonder expressed is, how shall one so long estranged from God as Israel has been be restored to the privileges of adoption? The answer is, by God's pouring out on them hereafter the Spirit of adoption crying to God, "Father" (Isaiah 63:16; Isaiah 64:8; Hosea 3:4-5; Zechariah 12:10)
Devil, Satan, Evil, Demonic - He seeks to lead God's people into presumption (1 Chronicles 21:1 ) or slanders them to God's face (Zechariah 3:1 )
Oil - Zechariah 4:14 uses this word to refer to Joshua the high priest and Zerubbabel the governor as "the two who are anointed (lit
Prophecy - Hence we read concerning the acts of Manasseh, that they were written among the sayings of the Seers, (2 Chronicles 33:19)...
It were unnecessary to remark, what every reader of the Bible is supposed to know, that we have recorded, from the grace of God the Holy Spirit, the writings of four of what, by way of distinction, are called the greater prophets, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel; and the Writings of the twelve of lesser prophets, as they are named, Hoses, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi
Seventy Weeks of Daniel - The definite time may be Christ's triumphant entry into Jerusalem, about a week before the last passover, agreeing with "Thy King cometh unto thee" in Zechariah 9:9
Ezra, Book of - In Ezra 5:6-12 we are informed that, as a consequence of the earnest exhortations of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah, the building of the Temple was energetically resumed in the second year of Darius I
Knowledge of God (1) - A spiritual saving knowledge consists in veneration for the Divine Being, Psalms 89:7 , love to him as an object of beauty and goodness, Zechariah 9:17
Mesopotamia - The southern part of Mesopotamia answers nearly to the country anciently called the land of Shinar; to which the Prophet Daniel 1:2 , refers, and Zechariah 5:11
Hand - And in Zechariah 3:1 , Satan was at the right hand of the high priest Joshua, to accuse him
Darius - Some believe that the Jews were either expelled by the Babylonians, as being too much in the interest of Darius; or that, in obedience to the frequent admonitions of the prophets, they quitted that city when they saw the people determined to rebel, Isaiah 48:20 ; Jeremiah 50:8 ; Jeremiah 51:6-9 ; Zechariah 11:6-7
Akeldama - It may have been (as Christian tradition had it afterwards) the place in the Valley of Hinnom where the potter of Jeremiah’s day pursued his craft (Jeremiah 18:2; Jeremiah 19:2); but of this there is no hint in the NT, for the reference to Jeremiah in the text of Matthew 27:9 is an inadvertence, the passage quoted by the Evangelist being Zechariah 11:13
Palestine - ...
"The holy land," 2 Kings 8:2-39; Zechariah 7:14, "land of desire"; Daniel 8:9. Tent life left its permanent impression on Israel (2 Samuel 20:1; 1 Kings 12:16; 2 Chronicles 10:16; 2 Kings 14:12; Jeremiah 30:18; Zechariah 12:7; Psalms 78:55; Psalms 84:1; Isaiah 16:5). ...
The earthquake in Uzziah's time (Zechariah 14:5), which injured the temple and brought down a mass of rock from Olivet (Josephus, Matthew, the Gospel According to - Leviticus 19:17 tell him his fault" Matthew 19:4 "He which made them at the beginning Genesis 1:27 made male and female" Matthew 19:5 "For this cause shall a man leave his father" Genesis 2:24 Matthew 19:7 "Divorcement" Deuteronomy 24:1 Matthew 19:18 "Do no murder" Exodus 20:13 Matthew 21:5 "Behold, thy King cometh" Zechariah 9:9 Matthew 21:9 "Blessed is he that cometh in the Daniel 9:27 name of the Lord, Hosanna"...
Matthew 21:13 "My house the house of prayer" Isaiah 56:7 Matthew 21:16 "Out of the mouth of babes" Psalms 8:2 Matthew 21:42 "The stone which the builders rejected" Psalms 118:22-23 Matthew 21:44 "Whosoever shall fall on this stone Isaiah 8:14 shall be broken" Matthew 22:24 "Moses said, If a man die" Deuteronomy 25:5 Matthew 22:32 "I am the God of Abraham" Exodus 3:6 Matthew 22:37 "Thou shalt love the Lord" Deuteronomy 6:5 Matthew 22:39 "Thou shalt love thy neighbor" Leviticus 19:18 Matthew 22:45 "Sit thou on My right hand" Psalms 110:1 Matthew 23:35 "Blood of Abel" Genesis 4:8 Matthew 23:38 "Your house is left desolate" Psalms 69:25 Matthew 23:39 "Blessed is he that cometh in the Psalms 118:26 name of the Lord"...
Matthew 24:15 "The abomination of desolation" 1619166092_79 Matthew 24:29 "Sun . darkened" Isaiah 13:10 Matthew 24:37 "The days of Noe" Genesis 6:11 Matthew 26:31 "I will smite the shepherd" Zechariah 13:7 Matthew 26:52 "They that take the sword shall Genesis 9:6 perish with the sword" Matthew 26:64 "Son of man . Zechariah 11:13 potter's field" Matthew 27:35 "They parted my garments" Psalms 22:18 Matthew 27:43 "He trusted in God" Psalms 22:8 Matthew 27:46 "My God, My God, why" Psalms 22:1
Fire - This same kind of truth is found in Zechariah 12:6, where Israel punishes all her foes. ...
Zechariah 3:2 (a) The unclean sinner (Joshua), is taken out of the company of those who are under the wrath of GOD, and who are to be punished by GOD. ...
Zechariah 13:9 (c) Probably this is a picture of the destruction of Jerusalem when most of Israel were slain and only a few survived
John - Zechariah, John's father, was a priest from the division of Abijah. The angel Gabriel announced John's birth, while Zechariah was burning incense in the Temple
Daniel, the Book of - ...
But Zechariah, Ezra, and Nehemiah allude to it; Jesus in His peculiar designation "the Son of man" (Matthew 24:30, compare Daniel 7:13) refers to it, and especially in the crisis of His trial when adjured by the living God (Matthew 26:64), and stamps him authoritatively as "the prophet Daniel," and ratifies his particular prophecies (Romans 11:25-3152; Matthew 24:21; compare Daniel 12:1, etc. ...
The vision mode of revelation, which is the exception in other prophets, is the rule in Daniel and in Zechariah 1-6
Medicine - The same word ‘sword’ in Zechariah 11:17 seems, from the symptoms described, to refer to a wasting paralysis. The descriptions given in Psalms 39:11 , Zechariah 14:12 , Leviticus 26:39 , Ezekiel 24:23 ; Ezekiel 33:10 , Psalms 38:5 are largely figurative; but the imagery may be taken from an attack of confluent smallpox, with its disfiguring and repulsive effects
Angel - ...
The New Testament Against this background of belief in angels who were involved in human affairs, it was not surprising that the angel Gabriel should be chosen to visit Zechariah, the officiating priest in the temple, to inform him that he was to become a father, and that he had to name his son John ( 2Enoch 24:1 ). ...
There is nothing recorded about the actual form of the latter, but Zechariah appears to have recognized the angel immediately as a celestial being, and was terrified (Luke 1:12 )
Ishmael - The calamity, Gedaliah's murder and the consequent dispersion of the Jews, was and is commemorated by the fast of the seventh month (Zechariah 7:5; Zechariah 8:19), the third of Tisri
Mercy - Yet divine mercy is not blind or dumb; although God tolerated Israel's rebellion with mercy for a very long time (Nehemiah 9:17,19 , 31 ; Jeremiah 3:12 ), ultimately ungodliness in Israel was met by a withdrawal of God's mercy, leading to judgment (Lamentations 2:2,21 ; Zechariah 1:12 ). Mercy and hesed [ Exodus 34:6 ; Deuteronomy 4:31 ; 13:17 ; Hosea 2:19 ); its meaning through hesed [ Psalm 25:6 ; 40:11 ; 69:17 ; Isaiah 63:7 ; Jeremiah 16:5 ; 42:12 ; Hosea 2:19 ; Joel 2:13 ; Zechariah 7:9 )
Sea - That of Akaba is connected with the Dead Sea by the great sand valley El Arabah described under the article Zechariah 10:11 , both the Red Sea and the Nile appear to be mentioned. The Genesis 14:3 ; The sea of the Plain, Deuteronomy 4:40 ; The Eastern sea, Zechariah 14:8 ; by the Greeks and Romans, lake Asphaltites; and by the modern Arabs, The sea of Lot
Peace - The positive blessings consequent upon the cessation of war are included (Jeremiah 4:10, Zechariah 8:10 ff. , Isaiah 2:1-4 16191660928 Isaiah 9:5-6, Micah 5:5; Micah 5:10-15, Zechariah 9:9-10)
Haggai - Haggai, along with Zechariah, helped Zerubbabel gain the support and help he needed from the returning exiles to carry out his assigned task
Victory - Zechariah reminds Judah that the Lord himself, as a warrior who gives victory, will restore Judah, renewing his love and exulting over them with loud singing (12:7)
Magi - The Teraphim were consulted for divining purposes (Judges 18:5-6; Zechariah 10:2)
Oracle - ...
From Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, who are the last of the prophets that have any of their writings remaining, the Jews pretend that God gave them what they call Bathkol, the Daughter of the Voice, which was a supernatural manifestation of the will of God, which was performed either by a strong inspiration or internal voice, or else by a sensible and external voice, which was heard by a number of persons sufficient to bear testimony of it
Persia - (Ezra 3-6 tells of some of the events while Haggai's and Zechariah's prophecies were made during the days of the restoration. Prophets such as Haggai and Zechariah and Malachi helped the Jews to hope, but these men of God also reminded their hearers of the importance of present faithfulness and obedience to God
Syria - Typical Semitic gods were worshiped, the most important of which was the storm god, Hadad, often called by the epithet Rimmon (2 Kings 5:18 ; Zechariah 12:11 ), meaning “thunder
Truth - In Zechariah 8:16 (NRSV) the Lord of hosts declared: “These are the things that you shall do: Speak the truth to one another, render in your gates judgments that are true and make for peace
Fast, Fasting - Zechariah describes the commemoration of Israel's tragic days of past defeat and judgment as times of mourning attended by fasting (7:5)
Wine - (Isaiah 25:6 ) To wine, is attributed the "darkly-flashing eye," (Genesis 40:12 ) Authorized Version "red," the unbridled tongue, (Proverbs 20:1 ; Isaiah 28:7 ) the excitement of the spirit, (Proverbs 31:6 ; Isaiah 5:11 ; Zechariah 9:15 ; 10:7 ) the enchained affections of its votaries, (Hosea 4:11 ) the perverted judgment, (Proverbs 31:5 ; Isaiah 28:7 ) the indecent exposure, (Habakkuk 2:15,16 ) and the sickness resulting from the heat (chemah , Authorized Version "bottles") of wine
sa'Tan - (with the article) in (Job 1:6 ; 12 ; 2:1 ; Zechariah 2:1 ) and without the article in (1 Chronicles 21:1 ) It is with the scriptural revelation on the subject that we are here concerned; and it is clear, from this simple enumeration of passages, that it is to be sought in the New rather than in the Old Testament
Virtue - But it was also the Septuagint translation of הוֹד (‘magnificence,’ ‘splendour,’ Habakkuk 3:3, Zechariah 6:13) and תְּהִלָּה (‘glory,’ ‘praise,’ Isaiah 42:12; Isaiah 43:20)
Nicodemus - Compare on the spiritual lesson Matthew 12:20; Zechariah 4:10; Proverbs 4:18
Inheritance - The nation is described as God's inheritance (1 Kings 8:51,53 ; Psalm 78:71 ; Isaiah 19:25 ; Zechariah 2:12 ) whom the Lord will never forsake (Psalm 94:14 )
Neighbor - The vision of Zechariah for the final days included the refreshing fellowship of neighborliness (3:10)
New Jerusalem - Isaiah 2:1-5 ; 49:14-18 ; 52 ; 54 ; 60-62 ; 65:17-25 ; Jeremiah 31:38-40 ; Micah 4:1-4 ; Zechariah 14 )
Temptation, Test - A literal application is to the testing of metal to determine its purity (Job 23:10 ; Zechariah 13:9 )
Mouth - ...
Zechariah 5:8 (b) The ephah was a measuring vessel
Weights And Measures - 000...
Talent of Lead (Zechariah 5:7 ), 'weighty piece,' margin
Separate - ”...
In the days of the prophet Zechariah, Jews asked the Lord whether certain fasts which they had voluntarily adopted were to be continued and observed
Fuel - " The Jews are sometimes compared in the prophets to "a brand plucked out of the burning,"...
Amos 4:11 ; Zechariah 3:2 ; a figure which Chardin considers as referring to vine twigs, and other brushwood which the orientals frequently use for fuel, and which, in a few minutes, must be consumed if they are not snatched out of the fire; and not to those battens, or large branches, which will lie a long time in the fire before they are reduced to ashes
Urim And Thummim - After the Babylonish captivity, and the last of the prophets, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, the oracle ceased; but its revival was foretold by Ezra 2:63 , and accomplished by Christ, who was himself the oracle, under the old and new covenants, Genesis 15:1 ; John 1:1
Theodosius ii., Emperor - Stephen and Zechariah the prophet (ix
Canon of the Old Testament - 516) and the prophecies of Haggai and Zechariah began a new chapter in the story of Judaism. Jonah and Zechariah are also late, and the latter book has a supplement of uncertain date. After Malachi the people became well aware that the voice of true prophecy had ceased ( Zechariah 13:3 , Nehemiah 6:7 ; Nehemiah 6:14 , Psalms 74:9 , 1Ma 9:27 , etc
Jeru'Salem - (Jeremiah 20:2 ; 37:13 ; Zechariah 14:10 ) If so, it was 400 cubits distant from the-- ...
Corner gate. (2 Chronicles 25:23 ; 26:9 ; Jeremiah 31:38 ; Zechariah 14:10 ) ...
Gate of Joshua, governor of the city. (Zechariah 14:10 ) ...
Gate Gennath (gardens)
Millenarians - The Jews understood several passages of the prophets, as Zechariah 14:16 , &c, of the millennium; in which, according to their carnal apprehensions, the Messiah is to reign on earth, and to bring all nations within the pale, and under subjection to the ordinances, of the Jewish church. This will constitute the peculiar glory and the source of the happiness of the millennium state, Zechariah 14:20-21 . The promise of pouring upon them the spirit of grace and supplication has also a view to this period, Zechariah 12:10 . "And in that day there shall be no more the Canaanite in the house of the Lord of Hosts," Zechariah 14:21
New Jerusalem - … The latter glory of this house shall be greater than the former, saith the Lord of hosts’; Zechariah 2:4 f. Haggai and Zechariah expected, however, that whenever the Temple was rebuilt, the Messianic Kingdom would be ushered in (cf. Haggai 2:7-9, Zechariah 2:1-5). Ezekiel 47:1-12); and in Zechariah 14:8 there is the expectation that, when the day of the Lord cometh, ‘living waters shall go out from Jerusalem; half of them toward the eastern sea, and half of them toward the western sea: in summer and in winter shall it be
Olives, Mount of - of Jerusalem (Ezekiel 11:23), separated from it by "the valley of Jehoshaphat" (Zechariah 14:4). of the central mount are: the tomb of the Virgin, then successively up the hill, namely, an olive garden, cavern of Christ's prayer and agony, rock where the disciples slept, place of Jesus' capture, spot from whence the Virgin saw Stephen stoned, spot where her girdle dropped at her assumption, spot of Jesus' lament over Jerusalem (Luke 19:41), tombs of the prophets, including Haggai and Zechariah (the Jews say; Matthew 23:29), place of the ascension, and church
Synagogue - ( Ezra 8:15 ; Nehemiah 8:2 ; 9:1 ; Zechariah 7:5 ) After the Maccabaean struggle for independence, we find almost every town or village had its one or more synagogues
Psalms the Book of - But the Septuagint assigns 85 Psalms to David, the 127th to Jeremiah, the 146th to Haggai, and the 147th to Zechariah
Crimes And Punishments - Often the phrase “cut off” is used in parallel with words or phrases or in contexts which clearly indicate death (Exodus 31:14 ; Deuteronomy 12:29 ; Deuteronomy 19:1 ; 2 Samuel 7:9 ; 1 Kings 11:16 ; Jeremiah 7:28 ; Jeremiah 11:19 ; Ezekiel 14:13 ,Ezekiel 14:13,14:17 ,Ezekiel 14:17,14:19 ,Ezekiel 14:19,14:21 ; Ezekiel 17:17 ; Ezekiel 25:7 ; Ezekiel 29:8 ; Amos 1:5 ,Amos 1:5,1:8 ; Amos 2:3 ; Exodus 19:13 ; Nahum 3:15 ; Zechariah 13:8 )
Building - Israel's prophets looked forward to a day when God's sanctuary would be forever among his people (Ezekiel 37:26-28 ; 43:1-7 ; Micah 4:1-2 ; Haggai 2:7 ; Zechariah 2 6:11-15 ; 8:3,23 ; 14:4 )
Loose - (See also Psalm 68:18; Zechariah 9:11; Ephesians 4:8-9)
Obadiah - (Daniel 2:44; Daniel 7:14; Daniel 7:27; Zechariah 14:9; Luke 1:33; Revelation 11:15; Revelation 19:6, "Alleluia! for the Lord God omnipotent reigneth
Incense - This shall be consummated at Christ's appearing (Zechariah 14:9; Zephaniah 3:9)
Blood - "Turn you to the stronghold, ye prisoners of hope" (Zechariah 9:12) Once in Christ, He can defy avenging justice (Romans 8:33-34)
Marks - (4) There is the passage Zechariah 13:4-6
Touch - Conversely, whoever touches God's people "touches the apple of his eye" (Zechariah 2:8 ) and will themselves be punished
Satan - In Zechariah 3:1 , he is a potential accuser; in 1 Chronicles 21:1 , one inciting David to evil
Kill, Killing - 1 Kings 19:10 ); Zechariah was stoned during the reign of Joash (2 Chronicles 24:21 ); Abimelech killed his seventy brothers (Judges 9:5 ); Athaliah killed her family and was herself killed (2 Kings 11:16 ; Exodus 21:28-327 ); and Jehu destroyed the line of Ahab (2 Chronicles 22:8 )
Damascus - Prophetic denunciations of Damascus, as of the other enemies of the Hebrews, are found in Isaiah 17:1-14 , Jeremiah 49:23 , Amos 1:3-5 , and Zechariah 9:1
Servant - (Zechariah 13:7) But when in the council of peace, before all worlds, in that covenant transaction which took place for the redemption of our nature between the glorious persons of the GODHEAD, the Son of God undertook to become man, that he might be the Surety and Sponsor of his church and people; here by this infinite condescension, we discover how Christ, as God and man united in one person, might, as he really and truly did, become the servant of JEHOVAH
Good - Zechariah 11 ...
As good as, equally no better than the same as
Feasts - What a striking allusion to that great day of the Lord Jesus, when "by the one offering of himself once offered, he perfected for ever them that were sanctified!" (Hebrews 10:14) And what a beautiful correspondence to the same, was the prophet Zechariah's account of this glorious event, when hosts: "I will remove the iniquity of that land in one day. " (Zechariah 3:9)...
In this account of the Jewish feasts we must not overlook the feast of Jobel, or Jubilee Trumpets, in the forty-ninth year, called the Sabbatical year, or seven times seven
Jehu - His four descendants, who succeeded him in the throne, were Jehoahaz, Joash, Jeroboam II, and Zechariah
Type - And when the temple was rebuilt, Joshua, the son of Josedech, the high priest, and his fellows, were set forth as "men of sign," representatives of the Branch, which should, in the fulness of time, be raised up to the stem of Jesse, Zechariah 3:8 ; Isaiah 11:1
Joel - References to the law, on which all the prophets lean, occur: Joel 2:13, compare Exodus 34:6; Exodus 32:14; Exodus 2:28, compare Numbers 11:29, fulfilled in the pentecostal outpouring of the Spirit in part (Acts 2:16; Acts 2:21; Acts 21:9; John 7:39), but awaiting a further fulfillment just before Israel's restoration, when "the Spirit shall be poured upon all flesh" (of which the outpouring on all classes without distinction of race is the earnest: Acts 2:28; Acts 2:38; 1619166093_37; Zechariah 12:10; Joel 2:23)
Cloud, Cloud of the Lord - Zechariah 10:1 )
Flowers - ...
(13) Myrtle branches (Nehemiah 8:15 ; Isaiah 41:19 ; Isaiah 55:13 ; Zechariah 1:8-11 )
Fig Tree - Accordingly, we read, in the Old Testament, of Juda and Israel dwelling, or sitting securely, every man under his fig tree, 1 Kings 4:25 ; Micah 4:4 ; Zechariah 3:10 ; 1Ma_14:12
Praise - Daniel 2:20-23 ; Romans 7:25 ; the healed paralytic, Luke 5:25 ; Zechariah, Luke 1:68 ; the response at Nain, Luke 7:16 ; and Jesus himself, Matthew 11:25 )
Games - Of children, Zechariah 8:5
Call, Called, Calling - Not only was Israel thus called as the people of God, but complaint is again and again made by the Prophets that they refused to hearken and stopped their ears that they should not hear (Isaiah 6:9, Zechariah 7:11-13)
Apocalyptic - ...
Old Testament While portions of Joel, Amos, Zechariah, and Isaiah have apocalyptic features, Daniel is the only Old Testament book which is wholly apocalyptic
Interpretation - parts of Ezekiel, Daniel, Zechariah and Revelation) and the characteristics of Hebrew poetry (e
Dream (2) - That they were occasionally so employed is everywhere recognized, and they therefore find a place in the several enumerations of the modes of revelation (Numbers 12:6, Deuteronomy 13:1-5, 1 Samuel 28:6; 1 Samuel 28:15, Joel 2:28, Acts 2:17, Jeremiah 23:3; Jeremiah 23:25; Jeremiah 23:28; Jeremiah 23:32; Jeremiah 27:9; Jeremiah 29:8, Zechariah 10:2; Job 4:13; Job 33:15 stand somewhat apart). If the great writing-prophets assign none of their revelations to dreams, they yet refer to revelations by dreams in such a way as to manifest their recognition of them as an ordinary medium of revelation (Jeremiah 23:25; Jeremiah 23:28; Jeremiah 23:32; Jeremiah 27:9; Jeremiah 29:8, Zechariah 10:2). Nor does Zechariah’s careful definition of his visions as received waking, though coming to him at night (Zechariah 1:8; Zec_4:1), involve a depreciation of revelations through dreams; it merely calls our attention to the fact, otherwise copiously illustrated, that all night-visions are not dreams (cf
Inspiration - " The prophets preface their prophecies with "thus saith the Lord," "the burden (weighty utterance) of the word of the Lord" (Zechariah 9:1; Zechariah 12:1; Malachi 1:1)
Dress - ...
( c ) A third variety of upper garment, the ’addereth , appears to have been the distinctive garment of the prophets (see Zechariah 13:4 RV [3] ‘turban’), and the ‘ mitre ’ of Zechariah 3:5 (RVm David - For further references, compare Jeremiah 33:15 , Jeremiah 33:17 , Jeremiah 33:25-26 ; 1 Samuel 17:1 ; Ezekiel 37:24-25 ; Hosea 3:5 ; Amos 9:11 ; Zechariah 12:6-10
Palestine - It is also called "the holy land" (Zechariah 2:12 ), the "land of Jehovah" (Hosea 9:3 ; Psalm 85:1 ), the "land of promise" (Hebrews 11:9 ), because promised to Abraham (Genesis 12:7 ; 24:7 ), the "land of Canaan" (Genesis 12:5 ), the "land of Israel" (1 Samuel 13:19 ), and the "land of Judah" (Isaiah 19:17 )
Drink - It is the fate of ungodly nations in particular (Psalm 60:3,75:8 ; Isaiah 29:9 ; 63:6 ; Jeremiah 25:15-16 ; Lamentations 4:21 ; Ezekiel 23:32-34 ; Habakkuk 2:16 ; Zechariah 12:2 )
Jehoiachin - ...
Jehoiachin wore prison garments for 36 years, until at the death of Nebuchadnezzar, having been for a time sharer of his imprisonment (Jeremiah 52:31-34), "in the 12th month, the 25th day of the month (in 2 Kings 25:27 'the 27th,' the day when the decree for his elevation, given on the 25th, was carried into effect) lifted up the head of Jehoiachin (compare Genesis 40:13-20; Psalms 3:3; Psalms 27:6), and brought him forth out of prison, and spoke kindly unto him, and set his throne above the throne of the kings that were with him in Babylon, and changed his prison garments (for royal robes; compare Zechariah 3:1-5; Luke 15:22), and he did continually eat bread before him all the days of his life (compare 2 Samuel 9:13); and there was a continual diet given him of the king of Babylon, every day its portion (compare margin 1 Kings 8:59) until the day of his death
War - He preferred to work for peace (Isaiah 9:6-7; Micah 4:3-4; Zechariah 9:9-10)
Holy Spirit, the - ...
The full outpouring of the Holy Spirit on Israel and on the nations is yet future (Isaiah 44:3; 1619166093_9; Zechariah 12:10; Joel 2:28), of which the earnest was given on Pentecost (Acts 2:16; Acts 2:21); the law of God, which is love, being written on the heart, instead of on stone as the Decalogue (1619166093_47; Hebrews 8:8; Hebrews 8:12; Hebrews 10:16-17; 2 Corinthians 3:3)
Nile - Egypt having only a little rain (Zechariah 14:17-18) depends on the Nile for its harvests; see in Deuteronomy 11:10-12 the contrast to the promised land, where the husbandman has to look up to heaven for rain instead of looking down, irrigating the land
Salvation - Salvation would extend to all nations who would stream to Zion for instruction in God's ways (Isaiah 2:2-4 ; Micah 4:1-4 ; Zechariah 8:20-23 )
Nahum, Theology of - At the end of the Old Testament period the prophets looked forward to the coming of a mighty warlike deliverer (Zechariah 14 ) who would deliver the people of Israel out of their oppression
Remember, Remembrance - ...
Old Testament themes are obvious in Mary's Magnificat and Zechariah's Benedictus. Mary said, " [2] has helped his servant Israel, remembering to be merciful" (Luke 1:54 ); and Zechariah blessed God and recalled how God would perform the mercy promised to our fathers, remembering his holy covenant (Luke 1:72 )
Self-Denial - Zechariah 9:9, 2 Corinthians 10:1, Philippians 2:7)
Satan - and Zechariah 3:1, etc
Hand - Zechariah 3 ...
Clean hands, denotes innocence and a blameless and holy life
Proselytes - ...
All the prophets anticipate the future sharing of proselytes in the kingdom of God, and even in the Holy Land as "sojourners" (Ezekiel 47:22; Isaiah 2:2; Isaiah 11:10; Isaiah 56:3-6; Micah 4:1), and meantime plead their cause (Jeremiah 7:6; Ezekiel 22:7; Ezekiel 22:29; Zechariah 7:10; Malachi 3:5)
Judah, Kingdom of - ) Jehoiada deposed her, and restored Joash to the throne, who governed well until Jehoiada's death; then gave ear to the princes, and restored idolatry, slew Zechariah his faithful reprover, and failing to withstand a Syrian invasion was killed by his own servants
Only Begotten - In the LXX Septuagint , where this secondary meaning is emphasized, the rendering ἀγαπητός is chosen for יָחִיד: Genesis 22:2; Genesis 22:12; Genesis 22:16, Jeremiah 6:26, Amos 8:10, Zechariah 12:10
Messiah - The one great pre-requisite of this new nation was to be the observance of the Law, which would insure the coming of the Spirit of Jehovah upon the new Israel ( Joel 2:28-29 , Haggai 1:13 , Zechariah 2:1-5 , etc. The coronation of Zerubbabel seemed to Haggai and Zechariah the fulfilment of the promise that the prince would come from the house of David ( Haggai 2:23 , Zechariah 3:8 )
Ethics - It is the nation that is to have a resurrection ( Isaiah 25:8 , Ezekiel 37:1-14 , Luke 10:25-37 , Zechariah 8:1-8 ). , Jeremiah 7:5 ff; Jeremiah 22:3 , Zechariah 7:9 f
War, Holy War - In Zechariah 1:12-13 even the angel of the Lord loses patience at this slowness and must be comforted. David's small empire became a model, illustration, and pattern for the coming triumph of the ideal messianic king who will rule from sea to sea (Zechariah 9:9-10 )
Gentiles - ‘His house shall be called a house of prayer for all peoples’ (Isaiah 56:7), but it is Jewish feasts that the nations shall keep there (Zechariah 14:16-19), and they shall be joined to Israel by absorption, not by co-ordination (Isaiah 45:20-25, Jeremiah 12:16, Zephaniah 3:9, Zechariah 8:20-23)
Demon, Demoniacal Possession, Demoniacs - Zechariah 3:1). Zechariah 3:2, Judges 1:9); Psalms 91 is recommended for recitation before going to sleep; a demon may be chased away by repeatedly calling out his name, but uttering one syllable less each time;|| Word - The sending and reception of God's word are by the Spirit (Zechariah 7:12 ) and often through visions (Numbers 24:15-16 ; 1 Samuel 3:1 ; 1 Kings 22:19 ); it is pictured as God reaching out his hand and touching the mouth of the prophet (Jeremiah 1:9 ). Zechariah 8:16-17 )
Exile - The preaching of Haggai and Zechariah (520-519 B
Dress - (1 Kings 19:13; 1 Kings 19:19; 2 Kings 2:13; Zechariah 13:4; Matthew 7:15, "false prophets come to you in sheep's clothing, but," etc
Mission - Israel was to be God’s representative in bringing the nations of the world to know him (Genesis 12:2-3; Genesis 22:18; Exodus 19:5-6; Acts 2:40-41; Zechariah 8:22-23)
Old - Golden - ...
Zechariah 4:2-6 (a) This candlestick is a type of the Holy Spirit, both beautiful, useful, valuable and enlightening
Septuagint - ...
Exodus 20:12-17...
Matthew 21:5...
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 ...
Zechariah 9:9 + Isaiah 62:11*...
Matthew 21:13...
Mark 11:17...
Luke 19:46...
Isaiah 56:7 + Jeremiah 7:11...
Matthew 21:16...
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 ...
Psalms 8:2...
Matthew 21:42...
Mark 12:10...
Luke 20:17...
Psalms 118:22 f
Slave, Slavery (2) - Jeremiah 7:25, Zechariah 1:6, and the Pauline usage of the term)
Interpretation - For Matthew OT prophecy is virtually a ‘source’ of information about Jesus’ career, as when Mark 11:1-7, is made to conform to the first evangelist’s interpretation of Zechariah 9:9 (Matthew 21:1-7; see also Matthew 1:22 f
Agriculture - ...
A typical pledge that, as there has been the early outpouring of the Spirit at Pentecost, so there shall be a latter outpouring previous to the great harvest of Israel and the Gentile nations (Zechariah 12:10; Joel 2:23; Joel 2:28-32)
Jesus Christ - He was to do the work of a prophet, Isaiah 42:1-7; of a priest, Psalms 110:4; Zechariah 6:13; and of a king
Ezekiel, Book of - Joel 3:18 ; Zechariah 14:8
Sea, the Salt - behind him (Zechariah 14:8)
Fruit - Paul) with the ‘two olive trees’ of Zechariah 4; and Revelation 6:13 in its mention of a fig-tree casting her unripe figs in the spring tempests recalls Isaiah 34:4, Revelation 14:14-20 is a vision of the harvest and vintage of the earth when the grain and the grapes are fully ripe
Philistia - After the Babylonian captivity (Ezekiel 25:15-17) the Philistines vented their "old hatred" on the Jews, for which God as He foretold "executed vengeance on them with furious rebukes, and destroyed the remnant," namely, by Psammetichus, Necho (Jeremiah 25:20), and Nebuchadnezzar who overran their cities on his way to Egypt (Jeremiah 47), and finally by Alexander the Great, as foretold (Zechariah 9:5-6, "the king shall perish from Gaza"; Alexander bound Betis the satrap to his chariot by thongs thrust through his feet, and dragged round the city; the conqueror slew 10,000, and sold the rest as slaves: Zephaniah 2:4-5)
Diseases - Hence the Hebrews were in the habit of calling it "a withered hand," 1 Kings...
Leviticus 13:4-6 ; Zechariah 11:17 ; Matthew 12:10-13 ; John 5:3
Israel, History of - The Persian Period (Ezra 1 ; 5–6;9–10 ; Nehemiah 1–6 ; 8–9 ; 13 ; Haggai; Zechariah; Obadiah; Malachi; Job; Ecclesiastes; Proverbs; Ruth; Jonah; Esther) Judah's postexilic era began in late 539 with the entrance of the troops of Cyrus of Persia into Babylon. Eventually, primarily under the influence of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah, the Temple was rebuilt from 520 to 515; and the Temple worship reinstituted
Idol - ...
(1) Αwen , "vanity," "nothingness," "wickedness," "sorrow" (Isaiah 66:3; Isaiah 41:29; Deuteronomy 32:21; 1 Kings 16:13; Psalms 31:6; Jeremiah 8:19; Jeremiah 10:8; Zechariah 10:2; 1 Samuel 15:23). Hosea 2:16-17; "thou shalt call Me Ishi (my Husband, the term of affection), no more Baali" (my Lord, the term of rule, defiled by its application to Baal, whose name ought never to be on their lips: Exodus 23:13; Zechariah 13:2), etc
Saviour (2) - ’ Wherever the Messiah is connected with the idea of salvation, He is not the subject but the object of it (Psalms 28:8; Psalms 144:10, Zechariah 9:9). ]'>[2] ἤγαγε, the more immediate reference seems to be to Zechariah 3:8; but even then the word σωτήρ itself points back to the Book of Judges
Living (2) - It is the מַיִם חַוִּים of the OT (Genesis 26:19 [5], Leviticus 14:5-6; Leviticus 14:50-52, Song of Solomon 4:15, Jeremiah 2:13; Jeremiah 17:13, Zechariah 14:8 : also LXX Septuagint Genesis 21:19, Numbers 5:17). 1 Corinthians 10:4), and perhaps more especially those OT sayings in which it had been predicted that living water should flow out from Jerusalem, or from the House of the Lord (Ezekiel 47:1; Ezekiel 47:12, Zechariah 14:8, Joel 3:18, cf
Satan - In Zechariah 3:2 essentially the same view of ‘the Satan’ is presented
Holiness - ), their land was holy ( Zechariah 2:12 ), the Temple was holy ( Psalms 11:4 etc
Lord's Prayer - ’ In the OT we may compare with clause 1, Isaiah 63:16 ; clause 2, Exodus 20:7 ; clauses 2, 3, Zechariah 14:9 ; clause 4, Psalms 103:20 ; Psalms 135:6 ; clause 5, Exodus 16:4 , Proverbs 30:8 ; clause 6, Obadiah 1:15
Church - Zechariah 4:6 , &c
Covenant - Sprinkling of sacrificial blood ( Exodus 24:8 , Zechariah 9:11 , Hebrews 9:20 ) was a specially solemn indication of God’s approving presence and of the obligations undertaken; and its significance survives and is deepened in the death of Christ ( Hebrews 10:29 ; Hebrews 13:20 ) and in the Eucharist ( Matthew 26:28 , Mark 14:24 , Luke 22:20 , 1 Corinthians 11:25 )
Minerals And Metals - Adamant Appears in KJV, RSV, REB of Ezekiel 3:9 and Zechariah 7:12
Freedom - Then, in celebration of the birth of John the Baptist, his father Zechariah sees the promises of God beginning to be fulfilled
Corner-Stone - In Zechariah 10:4, in the prophecy of the pre-eminence of Judah, the corner-stone is a conspicuous emblem, along with the tent-peg and the bow, as signifying that that tribe was to excel in the peaceful industries of the city and the field, and in the art of war
John the Baptist - It has close and suggestive affinities with the prophet’s teaching in regard to spiritual cleansing ( Isaiah 1:16 , Ezekiel 36:25 , Zechariah 13:1 ), the truth expressed in their metaphorical language being translated by him into a striking symbolic act; but John’s baptism has most definite connexion with the baptism of proselytes, which was the rule in Israel before his days (Schürer, HJP Athens - He did not spend his leisure in Athens, any more than Luther in Rome, in appraising the masterpieces of plastic and dramatic article They were both ‘provoked’* Canaan - " This name appears to have been used by the Hebrews after the Babylonish captivity, Zechariah 2:13
Redemption (2) - Psalms 116, 124, 126, Zechariah 10:8 ff. The later Prophetic teaching is not without refrains of the same ideas (Zechariah 13, Daniel 9:24 ff
Galatians Epistle to the - Zechariah 12:8; Zechariah 14:14)
Jesus Christ - Compare also Zechariah 12:10 . Zechariah 14:9
Ezra, Book of - Haggai and Zechariah (Ezra 5:1 ) in 520 B
Divination - The three frog-like demons out of the mouths of the anti-trinity, the dragon, the beast, and the false prophet, shall "work miracles" to tempt the ten kings under Antichrist to the last battle for the kingship of the world, against Christ, in "the great day of God Almighty" (Revelation 16:13-14; compare Zechariah 13:2; Matthew 24:24; Revelation 13:14-15)
Trinity - Other vocabulary categories include the wisdom of God (Proverbs 8:1 ) and the Spirit of God (Genesis 1:2 ; Psalm 104:30 ; Zechariah 4:6 )
King - ), and the Messianic advent of the true King of the Kingdom of God is predicted ( Zechariah 9:9 , Isaiah 32:1 etc
Poor And Poverty, Theology of - The key terms for "poor" are used almost exclusively by Isaiah, Amos, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Zechariah while Hosea and Micah, who also showed great sensitivity to the needs of their people, do not use the terms at all
Angels - They appear, like the prophets and kings in subsequent times, in the character of God's ministers, carrying out God's purposes in relation to Israel and the pagan world powers (Zechariah 1; 2; 3; 4, etc
Antiochus - Thus he is the vivid type of the last Antichrist, whose terrible, though short, persecutions shall drive Israel to their Savior, and so usher in their coming glory (Zechariah 11; 12; 13; 14; Daniel 12; Ezekiel 37; 38; 39)
King (2) - ), according to which the demonstration emanated from His supporters among the people and was only permitted by Him, and which weakens the impression of the incident by its quotation from Zechariah 9:9;* Guilt - , Zechariah 5:2 ff
Jordan - Along its banks grow thickets of tamarisks, poplars, oleanders, and bushes of different varieties, which are described by the prophets of the OT as ‘the pride of Jordan’ ( Jeremiah 12:5 ; Jeremiah 49:19 ; Jeremiah 50:44 , Zechariah 11:3 )
Fire - In the process of refining, fire is the means of separating the precious metals from dross or alloys (Zechariah 13:9). There is an evident allusion in the phrase, ‘snatching them out of the fire’ (Revised Version ), to Amos 4:11, where persons who had just escaped with their lives from the earthquake, are referred to; and to Zechariah 3:2, where the high priest Joshua is described as a brand plucked out of the Babylonian captivity
Animals - The word is not used elsewhere in the Gospels, and in John it occurs only in the quotation from Zechariah. In the Matthaean form of the quotation from Zechariah (Matthew 21:5) the mother ass is further described as a draught beast (ὑποζύγιον)
Offence (2) - Jesus on the last night of His life recalls to the Twelve the prophecy of Zechariah (Zechariah 13:7): ‘I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock shall be scattered,’ and applies it by adding, ‘All ye σκανδαλισθήσεσθε ἐν ἐμοὶ ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ταύτῃ
Fire - In the process of refining, fire is the means of separating the precious metals from dross or alloys (Zechariah 13:9). There is an evident allusion in the phrase, ‘snatching them out of the fire’ (Revised Version ), to Amos 4:11, where persons who had just escaped with their lives from the earthquake, are referred to; and to Zechariah 3:2, where the high priest Joshua is described as a brand plucked out of the Babylonian captivity
Disease - ...
Psalm 31:10-11,38:5-11 , and Zechariah 14:12 are said to describe one disfiguring form of smallpox
Esther - " Compare Isaiah 6:13; Isaiah 65:8; Jeremiah 30:10-11; Zechariah 2:8-9
Holy Spirit - The point of contact between the OT and NT is the expectation of a special outpouring of the Spirit in connexion with the establishment of Messiah’s Kingdom ( Ezekiel 39:29 , Joel 2:28-29 , Zechariah 12:10 ; cf
Antichrist - At first hailed by Israel with hosannahs as her Messiah (John 5:43), and making a covenant with the Jews, then breaking it (Daniel 9; 11; 12; Zechariah 11; 12; 13; 14)
Widow - As far as they were concerned, repentance began with redressing wrongs done to such unfortunate women (Isaiah 1:17 ; Jeremiah 7:6 ; 22:3 ; Zechariah 7:10 )
Prophets - Their dress was plain and coarse, tied about with a leathern girdle, Zechariah 13:4 ; 2 Kings 1:8
Elisha - He dipped seven times as he was told, "and his flesh came again like unto the flesh of a little child"; typifying the spiritual new birth through washing in the "fountain opened for uncleanness" (Job 33:25; Zechariah 13:1; John 3:5). Elisha's ministering servant (not Gehazi) rising early was terrified at the sight; "alas, my master! how shall we do?" Elisha replies, "they that be with us are more than they with him" (2 Chronicles 32:7; Psalms 55:18; Romans 8:31), and prays, "Lord, open his eyes"; then he saw "the mountain full of horses and chariots of fire round about Elisha" (Psalms 34:7; Zechariah 9:8
Biblical Theology - ), spurred on by Haggai and Zechariah. Luke 1-2 describes the Old Testament hopes of figures like Zechariah, Elizabeth, Mary, Simeon, and Anna as these all voice confidence in the fidelity of God to his Old Testament promises
Bible - also we have Obadiah (?), Ezekiel, part, if not all, of the Deutero-Isaiah (40 50), Haggai, Zechariah (1 8), Lamentations, Ruth. we have Chronicles, Ezra and Nehemiah, Zechariah (9 14), Ecclesiastes, Esther
Book - The leaves were rarely written over on both sides, Ezekiel 2:9 ; Zechariah 5:1 . ...
The book, or flying roll, spoken of in Zechariah 5:1-2 , twenty cubits long, and ten wide, was one of the ancient rolls, composed of many skins, or parchments, glued or sewed together at the end
Old Testament (i. Christ as Fulfilment of) - ...
The only passages of the OT which Jesus is recorded as having quoted in any relation to His sufferings are Psalms 35:19; Psalms 41:9 (Hebrew 10) Psalms 69:4 (Hebrews 5), Isaiah 53:12, and Zechariah 13:7. The instances noted above of the use of Isaiah 53:12, Zechariah 13:7, David - The failures of the kings who followed David set him in an increasingly favorable light, so that Israel's hopes crystallized around the coming of a future king like David (Isaiah 16:5 ; 55:3-5 ; Jeremiah 23:5 ; 33:17-26 ; 36:30 ; Ezekiel 34:23 ; Zechariah 9:9 ; 12:8,10 )
Canticles; the Song of Solomon - The "return, return, O Shulamite" answers to "when the Lord shall bring again Zion" through the instrumentality of the nations who shall then long to "look upon" her as the source of spiritual blessing to them (Micah 5:7; Zechariah 8:13)
Prophecy, Prophets - The advent of the Persian Empire in the latter part of the sixth century set the stage for prophets such as Obadiah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi
Chronicles, the Books of - Apostasy of Joash, and murder of Zechariah his reprover, on the death of Jehoiada, Zechariah's father (2 Chronicles 24)
Lord - Many times adon or the special form adonai was used in direct address to God (439 times), attesting to the honor of God or His representative (2Samuel 7:18-22, 2 Samuel 7:28-29 ; Mark 10:42-45 ; Zechariah 4:4 )
Messiah - Postexilic prophets spoke of the Messiah as the royal, redeeming, restoring One to come (Haggai 2:20-22 ; Zechariah 4:1-14 ; 6:9-15 ; 9:9-10 ), Malachi spoke of the Messiah as a cleansing agent who, as messenger of the covenant, would bring healing in his wings (3:1-4; 4:1-3)
Hosanna - He had chosen to ride that day upon the ass’s colt, in accordance with Zechariah’s prophecy (Zechariah 9:9), just on purpose to make an offer of Himself to Jerusalem as her promised King (Matthew 21:4, John 12:14)
Majesty (2) - Zechariah 9:9)
Music - But מצלות , Zechariah 14:20 , rendered in the English version bells, are not musical instruments, as some suppose, nor indeed bells, but concave pieces or plates of brass, which were sometimes attached to horses for the sake of ornament
Divination - Zechariah 10:2
Chronicles, Books of - Chronicles doubtless occupied this position in the time of Christ, since he cited Zechariah as the last named prophet who suffered a violent death (2 Chronicles 24:20-22 ; Matthew 23:35 ; 1 Chronicles 21:18-228 )
Messiah - ...
The first, they say, is to proceed from the tribe of Ephraim, who is to fight against Gog, and to be slain by Annillus, Zechariah 12:10 ; the second is to be of the tribe of Judah and lineage of David, who is to conquer and kill Annillus; to bring the first Messiah to life again, to assemble all Israel, and rule over the whole world. It was prophesied that he should as a King be distinguished by his lowliness; entering into Jerusalem, not in a chariot of state, but in a much humbler style; Zechariah 9:9 ; this was really the case, Matthew 21:1-46 ...
6
Targums - ’...
The Targum of Jonathan to the Prophets owes its name to an ancient tradition, according to which Jonathan ben Uzziel composed it ‘from the mouths of Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi’ ( Megillah , 3 a ); this is merely a figurative way of saying that the traditional interpretation, as supposed to have been handed down by these prophets, was embodied in written form by Jonathan
Destroy, Destruction - Although individuals may perish, all Israel will be saved when the Deliverer appears and removes their ungodliness (Zechariah 12:10 ; Romans 11:26 ; Revelation 1:7-8 )
Time, Meaning of - Most notably, there was a “day” of Israel's election (Deuteronomy 9:24 ; compare Ezekiel 16:4-5 ), a “day” when God brought His people out of Egypt (Judges 19:30 ; 1 Samuel 8:8 ; 2 Samuel 7:6 ; Isaiah 11:16 ; Jeremiah 7:22 ,Jeremiah 7:22,7:25 ), but also a “day” of restoration (Zechariah 8:9-12 )
Ezekiel - As Israel served the nations for their rejection of Messiah, so shall they serve Israel in the person of Messiah when Israel shall acknowledge Messiah (Isaiah 60:12; Zechariah 14:16-19; Psalms 72:11)
Exodus, the - An earnest of the church's and Israel's final triumph over the persecuting world, "they shall spoil those that spoiled them, and rob those that robbed them" (Exodus 39:10; Zechariah 14:14)
Widows - ...
The OT (Deuteronomy 14:29, Job 29:13, Isaiah 1:17, Jeremiah 22:3, Ezekiel 22:7, Zechariah 7:10, Malachi 3:5), the Apocrypha (Sirach 4:10, ‘Be as a father to orphans, and in place of a husband to their mother’), and Rabbinical literature (W
Justice - The open space in the immediate vicinity of the city gate was the usual place for assemblies of the people, and it was here that the more formal ‘courts of law’ were held (see Amos 5:12 ; Amos 5:15 , Deuteronomy 21:19 ; Deuteronomy 22:15 ; Deuteronomy 25:7 , Zechariah 8:16 ; the ‘porch of judgment’ of king Solomon [8], already referred to, was of course exceptional)
Righteousness - ...
In the Gospel of Luke, we read of Zechariah and Elizabeth, Simeon and Joseph of Arimathea being called righteous (1:6; 2:25; 23:50) because they embody genuine religion according to the norms of the Old Covenant
Joel, Theology of - Nor do other Old Testament passages (Isaiah 44:3 ; Ezekiel 39:29 ; Zechariah 12:10 ) offer sufficient help in interpreting Joel, being themselves quite general and not specific in terms of the results of the Spirit's outpouring
Jesus Christ - " His riding in humble triumph into Jerusalem; his being betrayed for thirty pieces of silver, and scourged, and buffered, and spit upon; the piercing of his hands and of his feet; the last offered draught of vinegar and gall; the parting of his raiment, and casting lots upon his vesture; the manner of his death and of his burial, and his rising again without seeing corruption, were all expressly predicted, and all these predictions were literally fulfilled, Zechariah 9:9 ; Zechariah 11:12 ; Isaiah 50:6 ; Psalms 22:16 ; Psalms 69:21 ; Psalms 22:18 ; Isaiah 53:9 ; Psalms 16:10
Servant of the Lord - ]'>[1] text ‘the Branch,’ Zechariah 3:8 )
Nehemiah - The occasions of Ezra 2 and Nehemiah 7 are palpably distinct, though each embodied from a common document sanctioned by Haggai and Zechariah (Zerubbabel's helpers) as much as suited their distinct purposes
Baptism - The spiritual sense of ceremonial baptisms was recognized in the Old Testament (Psalms 26:6; Psalms 51:2; Psalms 51:7; Psalms 73:13; Isaiah 1:16; Isaiah 4:4; Jeremiah 4:14; Zechariah 13:1
Elect, Election - , the prophet Zechariah proclaimed forgiveness, saying God would again "choose" (show favor to) Jerusalem (2:12), and he was told "Proclaim further: This is what the Lord Almighty says: My towns will again overflow with prosperity, and the Lord will again comfort Zion and choose Jerusalem'" (1:17)
Tombs - end of Ophel in the Tyropoeon valley, the site of the king's winepresses, near the king's garden (Zechariah 14:10) (W
Money - Jesus' betrayal price of thirty silver pieces is a tragic miscalculation of his true status (Zechariah 11:13 ; Mark 14:11 ; Luke 22:5 )
Mark, Theology of - Similarly, the scattering of the sheep in Mark 14:27 , as a result of the arrest, trial, and death of Jesus, is traced to the eschatological promise of Zechariah 13:7
Cup - , Zechariah 12:2)
Acts - He described Zechariah, Mary, Simeon, and Anna as full of the Spirit and, consequently, instruments of God's efforts to save His people
Wealth - In expectation of just such obedience, the prophets look beyond the coming exile to the restoration of a remnant in the land, whose prosperity will once again be great (Isaiah 54-55,60-66 ), including much to eat (Joel 2:23-27 ) and the shared wealth of all the nations (Zechariah 14:14 )
Fig-Tree - Its welcome shade and refreshing fruit make it the emblem of peace and prosperity (Deuteronomy 8:8, Judges 9:10-11, 1 Kings 4:25, Micah 4:4, Zechariah 3:10, 1 Maccabees 14:12)
Kingdom of God - )...
In Old Testament times people expected God’s kingdom to come in one mighty act, when God would destroy all earthly kingdoms and establish his rule throughout the world (John 5:29; Zechariah 14:9; see SON OF MAN)
Plan - That this was the express purpose of His journey to Jerusalem is indicated in the two symbolic acts by which He marked His arrival—the solemn entrance in fulfilment of an unmistakable prophecy (Zechariah 9:9), and the cleansing of the Temple by right of His Messianic prerogative
Trinity - ( a ) The references to the ‘ Angel of Jehovah ’ prepare the way for the Christian doctrine of a distinction in the Godhead ( Genesis 18:2 ; Genesis 18:16 ; Genesis 17:22 with Genesis 19:1 , Joshua 5:13-15 with Joshua 6:1 , Judges 13:8-21 , Zechariah 13:7 )
Matthew, Gospel According to - , the ass and ‘a colt the foal of an ass’), is due to the influence of the words of the prophecy, Zechariah 9:9 ; for the narrative is taken closely from the Petrine tradition, but the second ass of Mt
Eschatology - ...
This development was accelerated by the rise of the new type of literature, the apocalypse , the beginnings of which are already to be seen in Isaiah and Zechariah
God, Names of - The most pervasive compound with Yahweh is "Lord of hosts, " which occurs 285 times in the Bible and is concentrated in prophetic books (251 times) especially in Jeremiah and Zechariah
Antichrist - Ezekiel’s prophecy of the overthrow of Gog and Magog (Ezekiel 38); Zechariah’s vision of the destruction of the destroyers of Jerusalem (Zechariah 14); above all, the representation in Daniel, with reference to Antiochus Epiphanes, of a world-power that waxed great even to the host of heaven (Daniel 8:10), and trod the sanctuary under foot (Daniel 8:13), and stood up against the Prince of princes until it was finally ‘broken without hand’ (Daniel 8:25)-all contributed to the idea of a great coming conflict with the powers of a godless world before the Divine Kingdom could be set up
Angels - Zechariah 14:5 ‘all the holy ones’)
Canaan - But Joshua 13:3 expressly mentions Sihor, "the black turbid river," Nile, as the ultimately appointed border; this extended dominion twice foretold (for the simple language in histories as Genesis and Joshua hardly sanctions Grove's view that the river represents merely Egypt, in general), and so accurately defining the limits, awaits Israel in the last days (Isaiah 2:11; Zechariah 9:9-10)
Number - ( Jeremiah 25:11 , Daniel 9:2 , Zechariah 7:5 ); 70 missioners ( Luke 10:1 )
Eucharist - But it does imply vital union with Him who became dead and is alive for evermore ( Revelation 1:18 ), a Lamb ‘as though it had been slain’ ( Revelation 5:6 ), a Priest upon His throne ( Zechariah 6:13 ; cf
Canaan, History And Religion of - Quite probably the name was derived from a merchant designation; certainly Canaanite was ultimately equated in the biblical text with “trader” or “merchant” (Zechariah 14:21 )
Matthew, Theology of - , Isaiah 9:1-6 ; 11:1-9 ; Jeremiah 23:1-4 ; Ezekiel 34 ; Micah 5:1-3 ; Zechariah 9:9-10 )
Jerusalem - and work on the temple was accelerated through the prodding of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah; the structure was completed and dedicated in 516 b. In the Synoptic Gospels Jerusalem is first mentioned in connection with the birth stories of Jesus: Zechariah's vision in the temple (Luke 1:5-23 ), the visit of the Magi (Matthew 2:1-12 ), and the presentation of the infant Jesus (Luke 2:22-38 )
Leadership - Isaiah and Hezekiah worked well together, Jeremiah mourned Josiah's death, and Haggai and Zechariah collaborated with Zerubbabel to get the temple rebuilt
Priest - "...
The genealogy, Luke 3, includes many elsewhere priests: Levi, Eliezer, Malchi, Jochanan, Mattathias, Heli (compare Zechariah 12:12)
Egypt - " Zechariah 10:11
Christ, Christology - Zechariah foresees the coming victorious king, humble and riding on an ass, whose dominion will be from sea to sea, who will set the captives free by the blood of the covenant (9:9-11); Jesus fulfills the prophecy with his ministry of passion and promise of final redemption and judgment (Matthew 21:1-46 ; 24:27-31 ; 26:26-29 )
Temple of Jerusalem - , the work was renewed by the new governor Zerubbabel and Jeshua the high priest at the urging of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah (Ezra 5:1-2 )
Gods, Pagan - ” Sometimes the names Hadad and Rimmon were coupled (Zechariah 12:11 )
Hezekiah - " Probably his mother, being daughter of Zechariah "who had understanding in the visions of God" (2 Chronicles 26:5), was pious, and her influence counteracted the bad example of his father
Holy, Holiness - Zechariah 2:13-8:23 ; 14:20-21 )
Descent Into Hades - ‘Because of the blood of the covenant I have brought forth thy prisoners out of the pit wherein is no water’ (Zechariah 9:11) is a prophetic forecast
Solomon - ...
From thence Messiah is to reign to the ends of the earth (Deuteronomy 11:8; Isaiah 9:5-6; Isaiah 11; Zechariah 9:10; see Micah 5:4; Ecclesiastes 2:5-82)
Ascension - He is the Priest-King, the ‘priest upon his throne’ of Zechariah 6:13; and His Kingship assures us that good will triumph over evil
John the Baptist - the forerunner of the Messiah, was the son of Zechariah and Elizabeth, and was born about six months before our Saviour
Woman - Both Elizabeth and Zechariah praise under the Spirit's inspiration (Luke 1:41-45,67-79 )
Synagogue - ), as well as the feast and fast days offering the incentives to the same (Isaiah 58:4; Isaiah 58:13, Zechariah 7:5; cf
Genealogies of Jesus Christ - It is possible that the family is referred to in Zechariah 12:12, where ‘the family of the house of Nathan’ is distinguished from ‘the family of the house of David,’ the latter phrase perhaps meaning the royal line
Covenant - ’...
Two further passages in the prophets, to which a Messianic application of the covenant idea could easily attach itself, are Zechariah 9:11 and Malachi 3:1
Passover - Eaten with unleavened bread (1 Corinthians 5:7-8) and bitter herbs (repentance Zechariah 12:10)
Prayer - Hence he is called the Spirit of grace and of supplication: for he it is that enables us to draw nigh unto God, filling our mouth with arguments, and teaching us to order our cause before him, Zechariah 12:10
Law of Moses - (1 Kings 21:10-14 ) (Naboth); (2 Chronicles 24:21 ) (Zechariah)
Propitiation - Genesis 32:20, Zechariah 7:2, Proverbs 16:14)
Jerusalem - ...
(18) First gate (Zechariah 14:10), perhaps "the old gate" of Nehemiah 3:6
Creation - [1] marks it as a day unique, just as the day that shall usher in the millennium is called" one (extraordinary and unique) day" (Zechariah 14:7)
Miracles - Joel (Joel 2:28-29-31) apparently foretells a fuller outpouring of the Spirit accompanied with "prophesying," "dreams," and "wonders," in connection with and before "the great and terrible day of the Lord" (compare Zechariah 12:10)
Amos, Theology of - Joel 3:12-21 ; Obadiah 1:15-21 ; Zechariah 12:1-9 ; 14:1-21 ; Malachi 4:1-6 )
Birth of Christ - Mary is entirely in the foreground: to her the angel addresses himself; the prophecy of Zechariah has to do with her; she speaks to the child found in the Temple; Joseph says nothing; he keeps in the background
Animals - Jesus' choice of an ass as His riding animal for His triumphal entry into Jerusalem symbolized His role as the Prince of Peace (Zechariah 9:9 ; Matthew 21:1-5 )
Anger (2) - Zechariah 8:2 f
Abstinence - Jesus, following the great prophets (Isaiah 58:5-7, Zechariah 8:19), had relegated outward rites to a secondary place
Egypt - "The sceptre of Egypt shall depart away," Zechariah 10:11
Adam - the name given to man in general, both male and female, in the Hebrew Scriptures, Genesis 1:26-27 ; Genesis 5:1-2 ; Genesis 11:5 ; Joshua 14:15 ; 2 Samuel 7:19 ; Ecclesiastes 3:21 ; Jeremiah 32:20 ; Hosea 6:7 ; Zechariah 13:7 : in all which places mankind is understood; but particularly it is the name of the first man and father of the human race, created by God himself out of the dust of the earth
Jesus Christ - Prophets, priests, and kings (Exodus 30:30; 1619166093_28) were anointed, being types of Him who combines all three in Himself (Deuteronomy 18:18; Zechariah 6:13)
Moses - The vision is generally made to typify Israel afflicted yet not consumed (2 Corinthians 4:8-10); but the flame was in the bush, not the bush in the flame; rather, Israel was the lowly acacia, the thorn bush of the desert, yet God deigned to abide in the midst of her (Zechariah 2:5)
Virgin Birth - Zechariah 6:12, Isaiah 53:2 (‘a root out of a dry ground’), Psalms 110:3; Psalms 2:7
Temple - of Jerusalem (Ezekiel 11:23; Zechariah 14:4; Acts 1:9-12)
Turning - , Zechariah 1:3 f
Jesus Christ - John's father, the priest Zechariah, was told by the angel Gabriel that his aged wife Elizabeth would bear a son in her old age. Zechariah's response was incredulity, where Mary's was respectful joy and acceptance (Luke 1:18,38 )
Eschatology (2) - , Zechariah 9:9) that the supremacy of God’s people would be maintained, if not actually accomplished, by methods of peace, and even in the spirit of brotherly alliance among the nations (see esp
Matthew, Gospel According to - Zechariah had foreseen His entry as King into Jerusalem (Matthew 21:5), His betrayal (Matthew 26:24), and the desertion of His disciples (Matthew 26:31); and the whole course of His tragic end had been Divinely fore-ordained, and foretold in Scripture (Matthew 16:23 161916609321 Matthew 26:54; Matthew 20:1-16)
Boyhood - Zechariah 8:5 ‘The streets of the city shall be full of boys and girls playing in the streets thereof,’ is quite general, and is 500 years too early
Greek Versions of ot - ), containing Zechariah 4:6 Malachi 4:5
Prophecy - That many of the prophecies in the Old Testament were direct, and singly and exclusively applicable to, and accomplished in, our Saviour, is certain, Genesis 49:10 ; Psalms 42, 45; Isaiah 52, 53; Daniel 7:13-14 ; Micah 5:2 ; Zechariah 9:9 ; Malachi 3:1
Joseph - In his absence (the narrative with the artlessness of truth never explains why Reuben was absent at the crisis; a forger would have carefully made all plain) they strip off his coat of many colors (type of the human body with its manifold perfections which the Father "prepared" the Son, and which His unnatural brethren stripped Him of: Hebrews 10:5; Philippians 2:6-8); and while he was in the pit "eat bread" (Proverbs 30:20; compare John 18:28; Zechariah 9:11)
Elijah - ...
His "mantle," 'adereth , of sheepskin, was assumed by Elisha his successor, and gave the pattern for the "hairy" cloak which afterwards became a prophet's conventional garb (Zechariah 13:4, "rough garment"
Babel - "And the Lord shall be king over all the earth; in that day shall there be one Lord, and His name one" (Zechariah 14:9)
Egypt - The fertility of soil was extraordinary, due to the Nile's overflow and irrigation; not, as in Palestine, due to rain, which in the interior is rare (Genesis 13:10; Deuteronomy 11:10-11; Zechariah 14:18)
Prophet, Prophetess, Prophecy - Zechariah 1:8-11 )
Joram - The ground bordering either side of the river is covered with very thick brushwood; this is undoubtedly what is called in Jeremiah 12:5; Jeremiah 49:19; Jeremiah 50:44, Zechariah 11:3 the נִּאוֹן הַיַרִדּן, i
Fall - -(a) While in the OT we have the beginnings, but only the beginnings, of the later doctrine of Satan (Job 1:9-12; Job 2:1-6, the unbeliever in, and slanderer of, man’s goodness and godliness Zechariah 3:1, the adversary of man to hinder God’s grace; 1 Chronicles 21:1, the tempter; cf
Hieronymus, Eusebius (Jerome) Saint - ) Jerome had already, as we have seen, translated in part his book on the Holy Spirit; and now, at the request of his distinguished pupil, Didymus composed his Commentary on Hosea and Zechariah (Hieron
Bible - the Pentateuch or five books of Moses, called Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, the books of Joshua, Judges, Ruth , 1 & 2 Samuel , 1 & 2 Kings , 1 & 2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther, Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, the Song of Solomon, the prophecies of Isaiah, Jeremiah with his Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi