The Meaning of Psalms 39:1 Explained

Psalms 39:1

KJV: {To the chief Musician, even to Jeduthun, A Psalm of David.} I said, I will take heed to my ways, that I sin not with my tongue: I will keep my mouth with a bridle, while the wicked is before me.

YLT: To the Overseer, to Jeduthun. -- A Psalm of David. I have said, 'I observe my ways, Against sinning with my tongue, I keep for my mouth a curb, while the wicked is before me.'

Darby: {To the chief Musician, to Jeduthun. A Psalm of David.} I said, I will take heed to my ways, that I sin not with my tongue: I will keep my mouth with a muzzle, while the wicked is before me.

ASV: I said, I will take heed to my ways, That I sin not with my tongue: I will keep my mouth with a bridle, While the wicked is before me.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

{{To the chief Musician,  [even] to Jeduthun,  A Psalm  of David.  }} I said,  I will take heed  to my ways,  that I sin  not with my tongue:  I will keep  my mouth  with a bridle,  while the wicked  is before me. 

What does Psalms 39:1 Mean?

Context Summary

Psalms 39:1-13 - The Fleeting Measure Of Our Days
In the opening verses David describes the circumstances out of which this psalm arose. The presence and prosperity of the wicked stirred him to the depths, but he carefully refrained from speech. There are hot moments in our lives, when we do well not to say what is in our hearts. But if our feelings demand a vent, let us get alone and speak out our hearts to God. A softer tone settles on heart and tongue, when we reach His holy presence.
How frail we are, not only in our life, but in our moods! We need not fear men; they are but for a moment; as a breath that curls up in the frosty air, or as a shadow sweeping across the mountainside. Only God abides. Man is vanity; his pride and beauty are like a bursting soap-bubble; he is a stranger and pilgrim along this bank and shoal of time. But the child of the Eternal God is a guest with him, Psalms 39:12. He travels in our company. He makes Himself responsible for our well-being. He will bring us safely home as He did all our "fathers." [source]

Chapter Summary: Psalms 39

1  David's care of his thoughts
4  The consideration of the brevity and vanity of life
7  the reverence of God's judgments
10  and prayer, are his bridles of impatience

What do the individual words in Psalms 39:1 mean?

To the Chief Musician Jeduthun to Jeduthun a Psalm of David I said I will guard my ways lest I sin with my tongue I will restrain my mouth with a muzzle while the wicked are before me
לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ לידיתון [לִֽידוּת֗וּן] (מִזְמ֥וֹר) לְדָוִֽד אָמַ֗רְתִּי אֶֽשְׁמְרָ֣ה דְרָכַי֮ מֵחֲט֪וֹא בִלְשׁ֫וֹנִ֥י אֶשְׁמְרָ֥ה לְפִ֥י מַחְס֑וֹם בְּעֹ֖ד רָשָׁ֣ע לְנֶגְדִּֽי

לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ  To  the  Chief  Musician 
Parse: Preposition-l, Article, Verb, Piel, Participle, masculine singular
Root: נָצַח  
Sense: to excel, be bright, be preeminent, be perpetual, be overseer, be enduring.
לידיתון  Jeduthun 
Parse: Preposition-l, Proper Noun, masculine singular
[לִֽידוּת֗וּן]  to  Jeduthun 
Parse: Preposition-l, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: יְדוּתוּן 
Sense: a Levite of the family of Merari and the chief of one of the 3 choirs of the temple whose descendants also formed one of the perpetual temple choirs; he is named at the beginning of 3 Psalms (39, 62, 77) either as the composer or the recipient of those Psalms but most likely as the leader of the choir by which those Psalms were to be sung.
(מִזְמ֥וֹר)  a  Psalm 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: מִזְמֹור  
Sense: melody, psalm.
לְדָוִֽד  of  David 
Parse: Preposition-l, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
אָמַ֗רְתִּי  I  said 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, first person common singular
Root: אָמַר 
Sense: to say, speak, utter.
אֶֽשְׁמְרָ֣ה  I  will  guard 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect Cohortative, first person common singular
Root: שָׁמַר  
Sense: to keep, guard, observe, give heed.
דְרָכַי֮  my  ways 
Parse: Noun, common plural construct, first person common singular
Root: דֶּרֶךְ  
Sense: way, road, distance, journey, manner.
מֵחֲט֪וֹא  lest  I  sin 
Parse: Preposition-m, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct
Root: חָטָא 
Sense: to sin, miss, miss the way, go wrong, incur guilt, forfeit, purify from uncleanness.
בִלְשׁ֫וֹנִ֥י  with  my  tongue 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, common singular construct, first person common singular
Root: לָשֹׁון  
Sense: tongue.
אֶשְׁמְרָ֥ה  I  will  restrain 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect Cohortative, first person common singular
Root: שָׁמַר  
Sense: to keep, guard, observe, give heed.
לְפִ֥י  my  mouth 
Parse: Preposition-l, Noun, masculine singular construct, first person common singular
Root: פֶּה  
Sense: mouth.
מַחְס֑וֹם  with  a  muzzle 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: מַחְסׄום  
Sense: muzzle.
בְּעֹ֖ד  while 
Parse: Preposition-b, Adverb
Root: עַד  
Sense: as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as.
רָשָׁ֣ע  the  wicked 
Parse: Adjective, masculine singular
Root: רָשָׁע  
Sense: wicked, criminal.
לְנֶגְדִּֽי  are  before  me 
Parse: Preposition-l, first person common singular
Root: נֶגֶד  
Sense: what is conspicuous, what is in front of adv.