The Meaning of Proverbs 31:15 Explained

Proverbs 31:15

KJV: She riseth also while it is yet night, and giveth meat to her household, and a portion to her maidens.

YLT: Yea, she riseth while yet night, And giveth food to her household, And a portion to her damsels.

Darby: And she riseth while it is yet night, and giveth meat to her household, and the day's work to her maidens.

ASV: She riseth also while it is yet night, And giveth food to her household, And their task to her maidens.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

She riseth  also while it is yet night,  and giveth  meat  to her household,  and a portion  to her maidens. 

What does Proverbs 31:15 Mean?

Context Summary

Proverbs 31:10-31 - "her Works Praise Her"
The ideal woman, as portrayed here, is a wife. She is the stay and confidence of her husband. Not only when she comes as a young bride into his home, in the glory and beauty of her youth, nor only when her womanly beauty holds his admiration, but long after and to the end of life she does him good. She is always busy. She is thrifty in administering his earnings. If he brings the money to her, she expends it economically for their common weal. When a friend of mine was sixty, his wife came to him with an annuity which she had purchased for them both, by her wise administration of the money entrusted to her through forty years of married life.
It is in the home-place that the man's strength is gathered for public life. The woman in the home communicates the inspiration and strength which make him "known in the gates." Her secret, unobtrusive loyalty, counsel, and thrift inspire a growing depth of appreciation; so that the man who chose her in the spring will say of her amid the snows of age, "Other women may be good and true, but "˜thou excellest them all.'" [source]

Chapter Summary: Proverbs 31

1  Lemuel's lesson of chastity and temperance
6  The afflicted are to be comforted and defended
10  The praise and properties of a good wife

What do the individual words in Proverbs 31:15 mean?

And she rises while yet it is night and provides food for her household and a portion for her maidservants
וַתָּ֤קָם ׀ בְּע֬וֹד לַ֗יְלָה וַתִּתֵּ֣ן טֶ֣רֶף לְבֵיתָ֑הּ וְ֝חֹ֗ק לְנַעֲרֹתֶֽיהָ

וַתָּ֤קָם ׀  And  she  rises 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person feminine singular
Root: קוּם 
Sense: to rise, arise, stand, rise up, stand up.
בְּע֬וֹד  while  yet 
Parse: Preposition-b, Adverb
Root: עֹוד  
Sense: a going round, continuance adv.
לַ֗יְלָה  it  is  night 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: לַיִל 
Sense: night.
וַתִּתֵּ֣ן  and  provides 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person feminine singular
Root: יָתַן 
Sense: to give, put, set.
טֶ֣רֶף  food 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: טֶרֶף  
Sense: prey, food, leaf.
לְבֵיתָ֑הּ  for  her  household 
Parse: Preposition-l, Noun, masculine singular construct, third person feminine singular
Root: בַּיִת 
Sense: house.
וְ֝חֹ֗ק  and  a  portion 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Noun, masculine singular
Root: חֹק  
Sense: statute, ordinance, limit, something prescribed, due.
לְנַעֲרֹתֶֽיהָ  for  her  maidservants 
Parse: Preposition-l, Noun, feminine plural construct, third person feminine singular
Root: נַעֲרָה  
Sense: girl, damsel, female servant.