The Meaning of Matthew 7:1 Explained

Matthew 7:1

KJV: Judge not, that ye be not judged.

YLT: 'Judge not, that ye may not be judged,

Darby: Judge not, that ye may not be judged;

ASV: Judge not, that ye be not judged.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

Judge  not,  that  ye be  not  judged. 

What does Matthew 7:1 Mean?

Study Notes

judge not
In the sense of condemnation.

Verse Meaning

Jesus taught His disciples not to be judgmental or censorious of one another in view of the high standards He was clarifying (cf. Romans 14:10-13; James 4:11-12). He did not mean that they should accept everything and everyone uncritically (cf. Matthew 7:5-6; Matthew 7:15-20; John 7:24; 1 Corinthians 5:5; Galatians 1:8-9; Galatians 6:1; Philippians 3:2; 1 John 4:1). Neither did he mean, obviously, that parents, church leaders, and civil authorities are wrong if they pass judgment on those under their care. He meant that His disciples should not do God"s job of passing judgment for Him when He has not authorized them to do so. They really could not since no one but God knows all the facts that motivate people to do as they do. The disciple who usurps God"s place will have to answer to Him for doing so. One poll indicated that this is currently the most popularly quoted verse from the Bible.

Context Summary

Matthew 7:1-12 - Judging Self Asking God Serving Others
There is abundant need for a right and sound judgment, illumined by the Spirit of truth; but there is a world of difference between it and the censorious and critical opinions which we are apt to form and utter about others. Human nature is fond of climbing up into the judgment seat and proclaiming its decisions, without hearing both sides or calling witnesses. Beware of basing your judgment on idle stories and gossip. In any case, do not utter it, if it be adverse, unless you have first prayed about it and sought to turn the sinner from the error of his ways. Let God search you, before you search another. See Psalms 139:23-24; 1 Corinthians 4:1-5; Hebrews 4:12.
We ask for a gift; we seek for what we have lost; we knock for entrance. Only a door stands between us and Christ! He will not give us stones or serpents, even if we clamor for them; but He will never fail to give good things-and above all His Holy Spirit-only we must ask for them.
The Roman Emperor Severus was so charmed with the Golden Rule that he had it inscribed on the walls of his palace. Let us inscribe it on our hearts and act on it in the power of the Holy Spirit, who sheds God's love abroad in the hearts of those who believe. [source]

Chapter Summary: Matthew 7

1  Do Not Judge
7  Ask, Seek, Knock
13  Enter through the Narrow Gate
15  A Tree and Its Fruit
24  The Wise and the Foolish Builders
28  Jesus ends his sermon, and the people are astonished

Greek Commentary for Matthew 7:1

Judge not [μη κρινετε]
The habit of censoriousness, sharp, unjust criticism. Our word critic is from this very word. It means to separate, distinguish, discriminate. That is necessary, but pre-judice (prejudgment) is unfair, captious criticism. [source]

Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Matthew 7:1

Matthew 1:19 Not willing [ἐβουλήθη]
These two words, describing the working of Joseph's mind, and evidently intended to express different phases of thought, open the question of their distinctive meanings in the New Testament, where they frequently occur ( θέλω much oftener than βούλομαι ), and where the rendering, in so many eases by the same words, furnishes no clue to the distinction. The original words are often used synonymously in eases where no distinction is emphasized; but their use in other eases reveals a radical and recognized difference. An interchange is inadmissible when the greater force of the expression requires θέλειν . For instance, βαούλεσθαι , would be entirely inappropriate at Matthew 8:3, “I will, be thou cleansed;” or at Romans 7:15. The distinction, which is abundantly illustrated in Homer, is substantially maintained by the classical writers throughout, and in the New Testament. -DIVIDER-
-DIVIDER-
Θέλειν is the stronger word, and expresses a purpose or determination or decree, the execution of which is, or is believed to be, in the power of him who wills. Βούλεσθαι expresses wish, inclination, or disposition, whether one desires to do a thing himself or wants some one else to do it. Θέλειν , therefore, denotes the active resolution, the will urging on to action. Βούλεσθαι is to have a mind, to desire, sometimes a little stronger, running into the sense of purpose. Θέλειν indicates the impulse of the will; βούλεσθαι , its tendency. Βούλεσθαι can always be rendered by θέλειν , but θέλειν cannot always be expressed by βούλεσθαι . -DIVIDER-
-DIVIDER-
Thus, Agamemnon says, “I would not ( οὐκ ἔθελον )-DIVIDER-
receive the ransom for the maid (i.e., Irefused to receive), because I greatly desire ( βούλομαι )-DIVIDER-
to have her at home” (Homer, “II.,” 1:112). So Demosthenes: “It is fitting that you should be willing ( ἐθέλειν ) to listen to those who wish ( βουλομένων ) to-DIVIDER-
advise” (“Olynth.,” 1:1). That is to say, It is in your power to determine whether or not you will listen to those who desire to advise you, but whose power to do so depends on your consent. Again: “If the gods will it ( θέλωσι ) and you wish it ( βούλησθε )”-DIVIDER-
(Demosth., “Olynth.,” 2:20). -DIVIDER-
In the New Testament, as observed above, though the words are often interchanged, the same distinction is recognized. Thus, Matthew 2:18, “Rachael would not ( ἤθελε ) be comforted;” obstinately and positively refused. Joseph, having the right and power under the (assumed) circumstances to make Mary a public example, resolved ( θέλων )-DIVIDER-
to spare her this exposure. Then the question arose - What should he do? On this he thought, and, having thought ( ἐνθυμηθέντος )his mind inclined (tendency), he was minded ( ἐβουλήθη )-DIVIDER-
to put her away secretly. -DIVIDER-
-DIVIDER-
Some instances of the interchanged use of the two words are the following: Mark 15:15, “Pilate willing ”-DIVIDER-
( βουλόμενος ); compare Luke 23:20, “Pilate willing ”-DIVIDER-
( θέλων ). Acts 27:43, “The centurion willing ”-DIVIDER-
( βουλόμενος ) Matthew 27:17, “Whom will ye that I release” ( θέλετε ); so Matthew 27:21. John 18:39, “Will ye that I release” ( βούλεσθε ); Matthew 14:5, “When he would have put him to death” ( θέλων ). Mark 6:48, “He would have passed by them” ( ἤθελε ); Acts 19:30, “Paul would have entered” ( βουλόμενος ). Acts 18:27, “He was disposed to pass” ( βουλόμενος ). Titus 3:8, “I will that thou affirm” ( βούλομαι ) Mark 6:25, “I will that thou give me” ( θέλω ), etc., etc. -DIVIDER-
-DIVIDER-
In the New Testament θέλω occurs in the following senses:1.A decree or determination of the will. (a ) Of God (Matthew 12:7; Romans 9:16, Romans 9:18; Acts 18:21; 1 Corinthians 4:19; 1 Corinthians 12:18; 1 Corinthians 15:38). (b ) Of Christ (Matthew 8:3; John 17:24; John 5:21; John 21:22). (c ) Of men (Acts 25:9). Festus, having the power to gratify the Jews, and determining to do so, says to Paul, who has the right to decide, “Wilt thou go up to Jerusalem?” John 6:67, Others of the disciples had decided to leave Jesus. Christ said to the twelve, “Will ye also go away?” Is that your determination? John 7:17, If any man sets his will, is determined to do God's will. John 8:44, The lusts of your father your will is set to do. Acts 24:6.2. A wish or desire. Very many of the passages, however, which are cited under this head (as by Grimm) may fairly be interpreted as implying something stronger than a wish; notably Mark 14:36, of Christ in Gethsemane. Our Lord would hardly have used what thou wilt in so feeble a sense as that of a desire or wish on God's part. Mark 10:43, “Whosoever will be great,” expresses more than the desire for greatness. It is the purpose of the life. Matthew 27:15, It was given to the Jews to decide what prisoner should be released. Luke 1:62, The name of the infant John was referred to Zacharias' decision. John 17:24, Surely Christ does more than desire that those whom the Father has given him shall be with him. Luke 9:54, It is for Jesus to command fire upon the Samaritan villages if he so wills. (See, also, John 15:7; 1 Corinthians 4:21; Matthew 16:25; Matthew 19:17; John 21:22; Matthew 13:28; Matthew 17:12.) In the sense of wish or desire may fairly be cited 2 Corinthians 11:12; Matthew 12:38; Luke 8:20; Luke 23:8; John 12:21; Galatians 4:20; Matthew 7:12; Mark 10:35.3. A liking (Mark 12:38; Luke 20:46; Matthew 27:43). (See note there.) Βούλομαι occurs in the following senses:1.Inclination or disposition (Acts 18:27; Acts 19:30; Acts 25:22; Acts 28:18; 2" translation="">2 Corinthians 1:15).2.Stronger, with the idea of purpose (1 Timothy 6:9; James 1:18; James 3:4; 1 Corinthians 12:11; Hebrews 6:17).In most, if not all of these cases, we might expect θέλειν ; but in this use of βούλομαι there is an implied emphasis on the element of free choice or self-determination, which imparts to the desire or inclination a decretory force. This element is in the human will by gift and consent. In the divine will it is inherent. At this point the Homeric usage may be compared in its occasional employment of βούλομαι to express determination, but only with reference to the gods, in whom to wish is to will. Thus, “Whether Apollo will ( βου.λεται ) ward off the plague” (“II.,” 1:67). “Apollo willed ( βούλετο ) victory to the Trojans” (“Il.,” 7:21).To make a public example ( δειγματίσαι )The word is kindred to δείκνυμι , to exhibit, display, point out. Here, therefore, to expose Mary to public shame (Wyc., publish her; Tynd., defame her). The word occurs in Colossians 2:15, of the victorious Saviour displaying the vanquished powers of evil as a general displays his trophies or captives in a triumphal procession. “He made a show of them openly.” A compound of the same word ( παραδειγματίζω ) appears in Hebrews 6:6, “They crucify the Son of God afresh, and put him to an open shame. ” [source]

Matthew 12:34 Ye offspring of vipers [γεννηματα εχιδνων]
These same terrible words the Baptist had used to the Pharisees and Sadducees who came to his baptism (Matthew 3:7). But these Pharisees had deliberately made their choice and had taken Satan‘s side. The charge against Jesus of being in league with Satan reveals the evil heart within. The heart “spurts out” (εκβαλλει — ekballei) good or evil according to the supply (treasure, τησαυρου — thēsaurou) within. Matthew 12:33 is like Matthew 7:17-19. Jesus often repeated his crisp pungent sayings as every teacher does. [source]
Matthew 13:21 Tribulation [τλιπσεως]
From τλιβω — thlibō to press, to oppress, to squeeze (cf. Matthew 7:14). The English word is from the Latin tribulum, the roller used by the Romans for pressing wheat. Cf. our “steam roller” Trench (Synonyms of the N.T., pp. 202-4): “When, according to the ancient law of England, those who wilfully refused to plead, had heavy weights placed on their breasts, and were pressed and crushed to death, this was literally τλιπσις — thlipsis The iron cage was στενοχωρια — stenochōria f0). [source]
Matthew 21:32 In the way of righteousness [εν οδωι δικαιοσυνης]
In the path of righteousness. Compare the two ways in Matthew 7:13, Matthew 7:14 and “the way of God” (Matthew 22:16). [source]
Matthew 24:11 False prophets [πσευδοπροπηται]
Jesus had warned against them in the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 7:15). They are still coming. [source]
Matthew 7:13 By the narrow gate [δια της στενης πυλης]
The Authorized Version “at the strait gate” misled those who did not distinguish between “strait” and “straight.” The figure of the Two Ways had a wide circulation in Jewish and Christian writings (cf. Deuteronomy 30:19; Jeremiah 21:8; Psalm 1:1-6). See the Didache i-vi; Barnabas xviii-xx. “The narrow gate” is repeated in Matthew 7:14 and [source]
Matthew 7:20  []
See note on Matthew 7:16 . [source]
Matthew 13:3 Many things in parables [πολλα εν παραβολαις]
It was not the first time that Jesus had used parables, but the first time that he had spoken so many and some of such length. He will use a great many in the future as in Luke 12 to 18 and Matt. 24 and 25. The parables already mentioned in Matthew include the salt and the light (Matthew 5:13-16), the birds and the lilies (Matthew 6:26-30), the splinter and the beam in the eye (Matthew 7:3-5), the two gates (Matthew 7:13.), the wolves in sheep‘s clothing (Matthew 7:15), the good and bad trees (Matthew 7:17-19), the wise and foolish builders (Matthew 7:24-27), the garment and the wineskins (Matthew 9:16.), the children in the market places (Matthew 11:16.). It is not certain how many he spoke on this occasion. Matthew mentions eight in this chapter (the Sower, the Tares, the Mustard Seed, the Leaven, the Hid Treasure, the Pearl of Great Price, the Net, the Householder). Mark adds the Parable of the Lamp (Mark 4:21; Luke 8:16), the Parable of the Seed Growing of Itself (Mark 4:26-29), making ten of which we know. But both Mark (Mark 4:33) and Matthew (Matthew 13:34) imply that there were many others. “Without a parable spake he nothing unto them” (Matthew 13:34), on this occasion, we may suppose. The word parable There are parables in the Old Testament, in the Talmud, in sermons in all ages. But no one has spoken such parables as these of Jesus. They hold the mirror up to nature and, as all illustrations should do, throw light on the truth presented. The fable puts things as they are not in nature, Aesop‘s Fables, for instance. The parable may not be actual fact, but it could be so. It is harmony with the nature of the case. The allegory John does not use the word parable, but only παροιμια — paroimia a saying by the way (John 10:6; John 16:25, John 16:29). As a rule the parables of Jesus illustrate one main point and the details are more or less incidental, though sometimes Jesus himself explains these. When he does not do so, we should be slow to interpret the minor details. Much heresy has come from fantastic interpretations of the parables. In the case of the Parable of the Sower (Matthew 13:3-8) we have also the careful exposition of the story by Jesus (Matthew 13:18-23) as well as the reason for the use of parables on this occasion by Jesus (Matthew 13:9-17). [source]
Luke 13:24 Strait gate [στενῆς θύρας]
Rev., narrow door. See on Matthew 7:13. The door of a house, and not a gate, is meant [source]
Luke 13:12 Thou art loosed [ἀπολέλυσαο]
The only passage in The New Testament where the word is used of disease. Medical writers use it of releasing from disease, relaxing tendons, and taking off bandages. (Luke 13:25). In Matthew 7:13, where the image is of a gate opening into a way, πύλη ,gate, is used. [source]
Luke 1:4 Mightest know [ἐπιγνῷς]
See on Matthew 7:16. With the idea offull knowledge; or, as regards Theophilus, of more accurate knowledge than is possible from the many who have undertaken the narration. [source]
Luke 1:22 They perceived [ἐπέγνωσαν]
Clearly perceived. See on Matthew 7:16, and Luke 1:4. [source]
Luke 11:13 Know how to give [οιδατε διδοναι]
See Matthew 7:11 for this same saying. Only here Jesus adds the Holy Spirit (πνευμα αγιον — pneuma hagion) as the great gift (the summum bonum) that the Father is ready to bestow. Jesus is fond of “how much more” (ποσωι μαλλον — posōi māllon by how much more, instrumental case). [source]
Luke 13:24 Strive [αγωνιζεστε]
Jesus makes short shrift of the question. He includes others (present middle plural of αγωνιζομαι — agōnizomai common verb, our agonize). Originally it was to contend for a prize in the games. The kindred word αγωνια — agōnia occurs of Christ‘s struggle in Gethsemane (Luke 22:44). The narrow gate appears also in Matthew 7:13, only there it is an outside gate (πυλης — pulēs) while here it is the entrance to the house, “the narrow door” (τυρας — thuras). [source]
Luke 18:10 Extortioners [αρπαζω]
An old word, η και — harpax from same root as ο τεος — harpazō to plunder. An adjective of only one gender, used of robbers and plunderers, grafters, like the publicans (Luke 3:13), whether wolves (Matthew 7:15) or men (1 Corinthians 5:10.). The Pharisee cites the crimes of which he is not guilty. [source]
Luke 18:10 Prayed thus [ταυτα προσηυχετο]
Imperfect middle, was praying these things (given following).With himself (προς εαυτον — pros heauton). A soliloquy with his own soul, a complacent recital of his own virtues for his own self-satisfaction, not fellowship with God, though he addresses God.I thank thee But his gratitude to God is for his own virtues, not for God‘s mercies to him. One of the rabbis offers a prayer like this of gratitude that he was in a class by himself because he was a Jew and not a Gentile, because he was a Pharisee and not of the αρπαγες — am-αρπαχ — haaretz or common people, because he was a man and not a woman.Extortioners (αρπαζω — harpages). An old word, η και — harpax from same root as ο τεος — harpazō to plunder. An adjective of only one gender, used of robbers and plunderers, grafters, like the publicans (Luke 3:13), whether wolves (Matthew 7:15) or men (1 Corinthians 5:10.). The Pharisee cites the crimes of which he is not guilty.Or even As the climax of iniquity (Bruce), he points to “this publican.” Zaccheus will admit robbery (Luke 19:8).God (ho theos). Nominative form with the article as common with the vocative use of theos (so Luke 18:13; John 20:28). [source]
Luke 18:10 I thank thee [ευχαριστω σοι]
But his gratitude to God is for his own virtues, not for God‘s mercies to him. One of the rabbis offers a prayer like this of gratitude that he was in a class by himself because he was a Jew and not a Gentile, because he was a Pharisee and not of the αρπαγες — am-αρπαχ — haaretz or common people, because he was a man and not a woman.Extortioners (αρπαζω — harpages). An old word, η και — harpax from same root as ο τεος — harpazō to plunder. An adjective of only one gender, used of robbers and plunderers, grafters, like the publicans (Luke 3:13), whether wolves (Matthew 7:15) or men (1 Corinthians 5:10.). The Pharisee cites the crimes of which he is not guilty.Or even As the climax of iniquity (Bruce), he points to “this publican.” Zaccheus will admit robbery (Luke 19:8).God (ho theos). Nominative form with the article as common with the vocative use of theos (so Luke 18:13; John 20:28). [source]
Luke 6:31 As ye would [κατως τελετε]
In Matthew 7:12 the Golden Rule begins: Παντα οσα εαν τελητε — Panta hosa ean thelēte Luke has “likewise” (ομοιως — homoiōs) where Matthew has ουτως — houtōs See note on Matthew 7:12 for discussion of the saying. [source]
Luke 6:44 Is known [γινωσκεται]
The fruit of each tree reveals its actual character. It is the final test. This sentence is not in Matthew 7:17-20, but the same idea is in the repeated saying (Matthew 7:16, Matthew 7:20): “By their fruits ye shall know them,” where the verb συλλεγουσιν — epigno4sesthe means full knowledge. The question in Matthew 7:16 is put here in positive declarative form. The verb is in the plural for “men” or “people,” sullegousin See note on Matthew 7:16. [source]
John 16:23 Ye shall ask [ἐρωτήσετε]
Or, as Rev., in margin, ask - question. To question is the primary meaning of the verb, from which it runs into the more general sense of request, beseech. So Mark 7:26; Luke 4:38; John 17:15, etc. Here the meaning is, ye shall ask me no question (compare John 16:19, where the same verb is used). Compare Matthew 16:13; Matthew 21:24; John 1:19. Ask, absolutely, Luke 22:68. Note, moreover, the selection of the word here as marking the asking on familiar terms. See on John 11:22. Another verb for ask occurs in the following sentence: “If ye shall ask ( αἰτήστητε ) anything,” etc. Here the sense is, if ye shall make any request. Compare Matthew 5:42; Matthew 7:7, Matthew 7:9, Matthew 7:10, etc. Note, also, that this word for asking the Father marks the asking of an inferior from a superior, and is the word which Christ never uses of His own requests to the Father. Compare 1 John 3:22. [source]
John 10:26 Because ye are not of my sheep [οτι εκ των προβατων μου]
This had been the point in the allegory of the Good Shepherd. In fact, they were the children of the devil in spirit and conduct (John 8:43), pious ecclesiastics though they seemed, veritable wolves in sheep‘s clothing (Matthew 7:15). [source]
John 10:8 Before me [προ εμου]
Aleph with the Latin, Syriac, and Sahidic versions omit these words (supported by A B D L W). But with or without προ εμου — pro emou Jesus refers to the false Messiahs and self-appointed leaders who made havoc of the flock. These are the thieves and robbers, not the prophets and sincere teachers of old. The reference is to John 10:1. There had been numerous such impostors already (Josephus, Ant. XVIII. i. 6; War II. viii. I) and Jesus will predict many more (Matthew 24:23.). They keep on coming, these wolves in sheep‘s clothing (Matthew 7:15) who grow rich by fooling the credulous sheep. In this case “the sheep did not hear them” First aorist active indicative with genitive. Fortunate sheep who knew the Shepherd‘s voice. [source]
John 3:17 For God sent not the Son [ου γαρ απεστειλεν ο τεος τον υιον]
Explanation To judge Final clause with ινα — hina and the present (or aorist) active subjunctive of κρινω — krinō The Messiah does judge the world as Jesus taught (Matthew 25:31.; John 5:27), but this was not the primary or the only purpose of his coming. See note on Matthew 7:1 for krinō to pick out, select, approve, condemn, used so often and in so many varying contexts in the N.T. But that the world should be saved through him First aorist passive subjunctive of κρινω — sōzō the common verb to save (from αλλ ινα σωτηι ο κοσμος δι αυτου — sōs safe and sound), from which σωζω — sōtēr (Saviour) comes (the Saviour of the world, John 4:42; 1 John 4:14) and σως — sōtēria (salvation, John 4:22 here only in John). The verb σωτηρ — sōzō is often used for physical health (Mark 5:28), but here of the spiritual salvation as in John 5:34. [source]
Acts 20:29 Not sparing the flock [μη πειδομενοι του ποιμνιου]
Litotes again as so often in Acts. Sparing the flock was not the fashion of wolves. Jesus sent the seventy as lambs in the midst of wolves (Luke 10:3). In the Sermon on the Mount Jesus had pictured the false prophets who would come as ravening wolves in sheep‘s clothing (Matthew 7:15). [source]
Acts 20:29 Grievous wolves [λυκοι βαρεις]
αρεις — Bareis is heavy, rapacious, harsh. Jesus had already so described false teachers who would raven the fold (John 10:12). Whether Paul had in mind the Judaizers who had given him so much trouble in Antioch, Jerusalem, Galatia, Corinth or the Gnostics the shadow of whose coming he already foresaw is not perfectly clear. But it will not be many years before Epaphras will come to Rome from Colossae with news of the new peril there (Epistle to the Colossians). In writing to Timothy (1 Timothy 1:20) Paul will warn him against some who have already made shipwreck of their faith. In Revelation 2:2 John will represent Jesus as describing false apostles in Ephesus. Not sparing the flock (μη πειδομενοι του ποιμνιου — mē pheidomenoi tou poimniou). Litotes again as so often in Acts. Sparing the flock was not the fashion of wolves. Jesus sent the seventy as lambs in the midst of wolves (Luke 10:3). In the Sermon on the Mount Jesus had pictured the false prophets who would come as ravening wolves in sheep‘s clothing (Matthew 7:15). [source]
Romans 6:16 Servants [δούλους]
Every man must choose between two ethical principles. Whichever one he chooses is master, and he is its bond-servant. Compare Matthew 6:24; Matthew 7:18. [source]
Romans 11:25 Until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in [αχρι ου το πληρωμα των ετνων εισελτηι]
Temporal clause with αχρι ου — achri hou (until which time) and the second aorist active subjunctive of εισερχομαι — eiserchomai to come in (Matthew 7:13, Matthew 7:21). [source]
Romans 14:13 Let us not therefore judge one another any more [μηκετι ουν αλληλους κρινωμεν]
Present active subjunctive (volitive). “Let us no longer have the habit of criticizing one another.” A wonderfully fine text for modern Christians and in harmony with what the Master said (Matthew 7:1). [source]
Romans 9:22 Vessels of wrath [σκευη οργης]
The words occur in Jeremiah 50:25 (lxx Jer 27:25), but not in the sense here (objective genitive like τεκνα οργης — tekna orgēs Ephesians 2:3, the objects of God‘s wrath). Fitted (κατηρτισμενα — katērtismena). Perfect passive participle of καταρτιζω — katartizō old verb to equip (see note on Matthew 4:21 and see 2 Corinthians 13:11), state of readiness. Paul does not say here that God did it or that they did it. That they are responsible may be seen from 1 Thessalonians 2:15. Unto destruction Endless perdition (Matthew 7:13; 2 Thessalonians 2:3; Philemon 3:19), not annihilation. [source]
Romans 9:22 Unto destruction [εις απωλειαν]
Endless perdition (Matthew 7:13; 2 Thessalonians 2:3; Philemon 3:19), not annihilation. [source]
Romans 11:25 Wise in your own conceits [εν εαυτοις προνιμοι]
“Wise in yourselves.” Some MSS. read παρ εαυτοις — par' heautois (by yourselves). Negative purpose here Late word from πωροω — pōroō (Romans 11:7). Occurs in Hippocrates as a medical term, only here in N.T. save Mark 3:5; Ephesians 4:18. It means obtuseness of intellectual discernment, mental dulness. In part Goes with the verb γεγονεν — gegonen (has happened in part). For απο μερους — apo merous see note on 2 Corinthians 1:14; 2 Corinthians 2:5; Romans 15:24; for ανα μερος — ana meros see note on 1 Corinthians 14:27; for εκ μερους — ek merous see note on 1 Corinthians 12:27; 1 Corinthians 13:9; for κατα μερος — kata meros see note on Hebrews 9:5; for μερος τι — meros ti (adverbial accusative) partly see note on 1 Corinthians 11:18. Paul refuses to believe that no more Jews will be saved. Until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in (αχρι ου το πληρωμα των ετνων εισελτηι — achri hou to plērōma tōn ethnōn eiselthēi). Temporal clause with αχρι ου — achri hou (until which time) and the second aorist active subjunctive of εισερχομαι — eiserchomai to come in (Matthew 7:13, Matthew 7:21). For fulness of the Gentiles (το πληρωμα των ετνων — to plērōma tōn ethnōn) see Romans 11:12, the complement of the Gentiles. [source]
Romans 11:25 In part [απο μερους]
Goes with the verb γεγονεν — gegonen (has happened in part). For απο μερους — apo merous see note on 2 Corinthians 1:14; 2 Corinthians 2:5; Romans 15:24; for ανα μερος — ana meros see note on 1 Corinthians 14:27; for εκ μερους — ek merous see note on 1 Corinthians 12:27; 1 Corinthians 13:9; for κατα μερος — kata meros see note on Hebrews 9:5; for μερος τι — meros ti (adverbial accusative) partly see note on 1 Corinthians 11:18. Paul refuses to believe that no more Jews will be saved. Until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in (αχρι ου το πληρωμα των ετνων εισελτηι — achri hou to plērōma tōn ethnōn eiselthēi). Temporal clause with αχρι ου — achri hou (until which time) and the second aorist active subjunctive of εισερχομαι — eiserchomai to come in (Matthew 7:13, Matthew 7:21). For fulness of the Gentiles (το πληρωμα των ετνων — to plērōma tōn ethnōn) see Romans 11:12, the complement of the Gentiles. [source]
Romans 9:22 His power [το δυνατον αυτου]
Neuter singular of the verbal adjective rather than the substantive δυναμιν — dunamin Endured (ηνεγκεν — ēnegken). Constative second aorist active indicative of the old defective verb περω — pherō to bear. Vessels of wrath The words occur in Jeremiah 50:25 (lxx Jer 27:25), but not in the sense here (objective genitive like τεκνα οργης — tekna orgēs Ephesians 2:3, the objects of God‘s wrath). Fitted (κατηρτισμενα — katērtismena). Perfect passive participle of καταρτιζω — katartizō old verb to equip (see note on Matthew 4:21 and see 2 Corinthians 13:11), state of readiness. Paul does not say here that God did it or that they did it. That they are responsible may be seen from 1 Thessalonians 2:15. Unto destruction Endless perdition (Matthew 7:13; 2 Thessalonians 2:3; Philemon 3:19), not annihilation. [source]
1 Corinthians 5:13 Wicked [πονηρὸν]
Mischievous to the Church. See on Luke 3:19. The usage of the Septuagint emphasizes the idea of active harmfulness. The word has, however, in some passages, the sense of niggardly or grudging, and the Hebrew word which is usually translated by πονηρός mischievousis sometimes rendered by βάσκανος malignantwith a distinct reference to the “evil” or “grudging eye.” This sense may go to explain Matthew 20:15, and possibly Matthew 6:19, and Matthew 7:11. [source]
1 Corinthians 5:10 Extortioners [ειδωλολατραις]
An old adjective with only one gender, rapacious (Matthew 7:15; Luke 18:11), and as a substantive robber or extortioner (here and 1 Corinthians 6:10). Bandits, hijackers, grafters they would be called today. [source]
1 Corinthians 4:5 Judge nothing [μη τι κρινετε]
Stop passing judgment, stop criticizing as they were doing. See the words of Jesus in Matthew 7:1. The censorious habit was ruining the Corinthian Church. Before the time (προ καιρου — pro kairou). The day of the Lord in 1 Corinthians 3:13. “Do not therefore anticipate the great judgment (κρισις — krisis) by any preliminary investigation (ανακρισις — anakrisis) which must be futile and incomplete” (Lightfoot). Until the Lord come Common idiom of εως — heōs and the aorist subjunctive with or without αν — an for a future event. Simple futurity, but held forth as a glorious hope, the Second Coming of the Lord Jesus as Judge. Who will both bring to light (ος και πωτισει — hos kai phōtisei). Future indicative of this late verb (in papyri also) from πως — phōs (light), to turn the light on the hidden things of darkness. And make manifest (Ionic and late) causative verb πανεροω — phaneroō from πανερος — phaneros By turning on the light the counsels of all hearts stand revealed. His praise (ο επαινος — ho epainos). The praise (note article) due him from God (Romans 2:29) will come to each then (τοτε — tote) and not till then. Meanwhile Paul will carry on and wait for the praise from God. [source]
1 Corinthians 5:10 The covetous [τοις πλεονεκταις]
Old word for the over-reachers, those avaricious for more and more In N.T. only here, 1 Corinthians 6:10; Ephesians 5:5. It always comes in bad company (the licentious and the idolaters) like the modern gangsters who form a combination of liquor, lewdness, lawlessness for money and power. Extortioners (ειδωλολατραις — harpaxin). An old adjective with only one gender, rapacious (Matthew 7:15; Luke 18:11), and as a substantive robber or extortioner (here and 1 Corinthians 6:10). Bandits, hijackers, grafters they would be called today. Idolaters Late word for hirelings This neat Greek idiom of ωπειλετε — epei with the imperfect indicative (οπειλω — ōpheilete from αν — opheilō to be under obligation) is really the conclusion of a second-class condition with the condition unexpressed (Robertson, Grammar, p. 965). Sometimes αν — an is used also as in Hebrews 10:2, but with verbs of obligation or necessity Αρα — an is usually absent as here (cf. Hebrews 9:20). The unexpressed condition here would be, “if that were true” (including fornicators, the covetous, extortioners, idolaters of the outside world). Ara means in that case. [source]
2 Corinthians 4:8 Troubled [θλιβόμενοι]
See on tribulation, Matthew 13:21. The verb also has the meaning of to straiten, contract, as Matthew 7:14, where τεθλιμμένη , A.V. narrow, is properly rendered by Rev. straitened. [source]
Galatians 6:7 Is not mocked [οὐ μυκτηρίζεται]
N.T.oQuite often in lxx. See 1 Kings 18:27; 2 Kings 19:21; Job 22:19; Proverbs 1:30. Also the noun μυκτηρισμός mockery Job 34:7; Psalm 34:16. See Ps. of Matthew href="/desk/?q=mt+7:16&sr=1">Matthew 7:16; 2 Corinthians 9:6. [source]
Galatians 5:22 The fruit of the Spirit [ὁ καρπὸς τοῦ πνεύματος]
The phrase N.T.oFruit, metaphorical, frequent in N.T., as Matthew 3:8; Matthew 7:16; John 4:36; John 15:8; Romans 1:13; Romans 6:21, etc. We find fruit of light (Ephesians 5:9); of righteousness (Philemon 1:11); of labor (Philemon 1:22); of the lips (Hebrews 13:15). Almost always of a good result. [source]
Galatians 6:7 God is not mocked [ου μυκτηριζεται]
This rare verb (common in lxx) occurs in Lysias. It comes from μυκτηρ — muktēr (nose) and means to turn the nose up at one. That is done towards God, but never without punishment, Paul means to say. In particular, he means “an evasion of his laws which men think to accomplish, but, in fact, cannot” (Burton). Whatsoever a man soweth (ο εαν σπειρηι αντρωπος — ho ean speirēi anthrōpos). Indefinite relative clause with εαν — ean and the active subjunctive (either aorist or present, form same here). One of the most frequent of ancient proverbs (Job 4:8; Arist., Rhet. iii. 3). Already in 2 Corinthians 9:6. Same point in Matthew 7:16; Mark 4:26. That That very thing, not something different. Reap (τερισει — therisei). See Matthew 6:26 for this old verb. [source]
Galatians 6:7 Whatsoever a man soweth [ο εαν σπειρηι αντρωπος]
Indefinite relative clause with εαν — ean and the active subjunctive (either aorist or present, form same here). One of the most frequent of ancient proverbs (Job 4:8; Arist., Rhet. iii. 3). Already in 2 Corinthians 9:6. Same point in Matthew 7:16; Mark 4:26. [source]
Ephesians 4:29 Corrupt [σαπρος]
Rotten, putrid, like fruit (Matthew 7:17.), fish (Matthew 13:48), here the opposite of αγατος — agathos (good). [source]
Colossians 2:16 Let no one judge you [μη τις υμας κρινετω]
Prohibition present active imperative third singular, forbidding the habit of passing judgment in such matters. For κρινω — krinō see note on Matthew 7:1. Paul has here in mind the ascetic regulations and practices of one wing of the Gnostics (possibly Essenic or even Pharisaic influence). He makes a plea for freedom in such matters on a par with that in 1 Corinthians 8-9; Romans 14; 15. The Essenes went far beyond the Mosaic regulations. For the Jewish feasts see note on Galatians 4:10. Josephus (Ant. III. 10, 1) expressly explains the “seventh day” as called “sabbata ” (plural form as here, an effort to transliterate the Aramaic sabbathah). [source]
Hebrews 12:11 It yieldeth the peaceable fruit of righteousness [καρπὸν εἰρηνικὸν ἀποδίδωσιν δικαιοσύνης]
Perhaps with a suggestion of recompense for the long-suffering and waiting, since ἀποδιδόναι often signifies “to give back.” The phrase ἀποδιδόναι καρπὸν only here and Revelation 22:2. Καρπὸν fruitwith διδόναι togive, Matthew 13:8; Mark 4:8: with ποιεῖν tomake or produce, often in Synoptic Gospels, as Matthew 3:8, Matthew 3:10; Matthew 7:17; Luke 3:8; Luke 6:43, etc.: with φέρειν tobear, always and only in John, John 12:24; John 15:2, John 15:4, John 15:5, John 15:8, John 15:16: with βλαστάνειν tobring forth, James 5:18. Ἑιρηνικός peaceablein N.T. Only here and James 3:17, as an epithet of wisdom. Quite often in lxx of men, the heart, especially of words and sacrifices. The phrase καρπός εἰρηνικός peaceablefruit (omit the ), N.T.oolxx. The phrase fruit of righteousness, Philemon 1:11; James 3:18, and lxx, Proverbs 3:9; Proverbs 11:30; Proverbs 13:2; Amos 6:13: comp. Psalm 1:3; Psalm 57:11. The genitive of righteousness is explicative or appositional; fruit which consists in righteousness or is righteousness. [source]
Hebrews 6:8 If it beareth [εκπερουσα]
Present active participle of εκπερω — ekpherō conditional participle. For “thorns and thistles” see Matthew 7:16 for both words Roman soldiers scattered balls with sharp iron spikes, one of which was called tribulus, to hinder the enemy‘s cavalry. Rejected See 1 Corinthians 9:27; Romans 1:28. For καταρας εγγυς — kataras eggus (nigh unto a curse) see Galatians 3:10. To be burned “For burning.” Common sight in clearing up ground. [source]
James 1:5 Let him ask [αιτειτω]
Present active imperative of αιτεω — aiteō “let him keep on asking.”Of God (παρα του τεου — para tou theou). “From (from beside) God,” ablative case with παρα — para Liberally (απλως — haplōs). This old adverb occurs here only in the N.T. (from απλους — haplous single-fold, Matthew 6:22, and απλοτης — haplotēs simplicity, generosity, is common - 2 Corinthians 8:2; Romans 12:8). But the adverb is common in the papyri by way of emphasis as simply or at all (Moulton and Milligan‘s Vocabulary). Mayor argues for the sense of “unconditionally” (the logical moral sense) while Hort and Ropes agree and suggest “graciously.” The other sense of “abundantly” or “liberally” suits the idea in απλοτης — haplotēs in 2 Corinthians 8:2; Romans 12:8, but no example of the adverb in this sense has been found unless this is one here. See Isaiah 55:1 for the idea of God‘s gracious giving and the case of Solomon (1 Kings 3:9-12; Proverbs 2:3).Upbraideth not Present active participle of ονειδιζω — oneidizō (old verb to reproach, to cast in one‘s teeth, Matthew 5:11) in the ablative case like διδοντος — didontos agreeing with τεου — theou and with the usual negative of the participle This is the negative statement of διδοντος απλως — didontos haplōs (giving graciously). The evil habit of giving stinging words along with the money is illustrated in Sirach 41:22 and Plutarch (Deut adulat., p. 64A). ] Cf. Hebrews 4:16.And it shall be given him (και δοτησεται αυτωι — kai dothēsetai autōi). First future passive of διδωμι — didōmi a blessed promise in accord with the words of Jesus (Matthew 7:7, Matthew 7:11; Luke 11:13), meaning here not only “wisdom,” but all good gifts, including the Holy Spirit. There are frequent reminiscences of the words of Jesus in this Epistle. [source]
James 1:5 And it shall be given him [και δοτησεται αυτωι]
First future passive of διδωμι — didōmi a blessed promise in accord with the words of Jesus (Matthew 7:7, Matthew 7:11; Luke 11:13), meaning here not only “wisdom,” but all good gifts, including the Holy Spirit. There are frequent reminiscences of the words of Jesus in this Epistle. [source]
James 2:13 Without mercy [ανελεος]
Found here only save a doubtful papyrus example (ανελεως — aneleōs) for the vernacular ανιλεως — anileōs and the Attic ανηλεης — anēleēs For this principle of requital see Matthew 5:7; Matthew 6:14; Matthew 7:1.; Matthew 18:33. [source]
James 3:12 Can? [μη δυναται]
Negative answer expected. See the same metaphor in Matthew 7:16. [source]
James 3:17 Easy to be entreated [ευπειτης]
Old adjective Practical help (James 2:13, James 2:16).Good fruits αδιακριτος — Kaloi karpoi in Matthew 7:17. Good deeds the fruit of righteousness (Philemon 1:11).Without variance (διακρινω — adiakritos). Late verbal adjective (from alpha privative and διακρινομενος — diakrinō to distinguish). “Unhesitating,” not doubting (ανυποκριτος — diakrinomenos) like the man in James 1:6. Here only in N.T. This wisdom does not put a premium on doubt.Without hypocrisy Late and rare verbal adjective (alpha privative and hupokrinō). Not hypocritical, sincere, unfeigned (Romans 12:9). [source]
James 3:17 Good fruits [Καλοι καρποι]
αδιακριτος — Kaloi karpoi in Matthew 7:17. Good deeds the fruit of righteousness (Philemon 1:11).Without variance (διακρινω — adiakritos). Late verbal adjective (from alpha privative and διακρινομενος — diakrinō to distinguish). “Unhesitating,” not doubting (ανυποκριτος — diakrinomenos) like the man in James 1:6. Here only in N.T. This wisdom does not put a premium on doubt.Without hypocrisy Late and rare verbal adjective (alpha privative and hupokrinō). Not hypocritical, sincere, unfeigned (Romans 12:9). [source]
James 1:5 Upbraideth not [μη ονειδιζοντος]
Present active participle of ονειδιζω — oneidizō (old verb to reproach, to cast in one‘s teeth, Matthew 5:11) in the ablative case like διδοντος — didontos agreeing with τεου — theou and with the usual negative of the participle This is the negative statement of διδοντος απλως — didontos haplōs (giving graciously). The evil habit of giving stinging words along with the money is illustrated in Sirach 41:22 and Plutarch (Deut adulat., p. 64A). ] Cf. Hebrews 4:16.And it shall be given him (και δοτησεται αυτωι — kai dothēsetai autōi). First future passive of διδωμι — didōmi a blessed promise in accord with the words of Jesus (Matthew 7:7, Matthew 7:11; Luke 11:13), meaning here not only “wisdom,” but all good gifts, including the Holy Spirit. There are frequent reminiscences of the words of Jesus in this Epistle. [source]
James 2:8 If ye fulfil [ει τελειτε]
Condition of first class, assumed as true with ει — ei and present active indicative of τελεω — teleō old verb, to bring to completion, occurring in Romans 2:27 also with νομος — nomos (law). Jesus used πληροω — plēroō in Matthew 4:17. James has τηρεω — tēreō in James 2:10.The royal law (νομον βασιλικον — nomon basilikon). Old adjective for royal, regal (from βασιλευς — basileus king), as of an officer (John 4:46). But why applied to νομος — nomos The Romans had a phrase, lex regia, which came from the king when they had kings. The absence of the article is common with νομος — nomos (James 4:11). It can mean a law fit to guide a king, or such as a king would choose, or even the king of laws. Jesus had said that on the law of love hang all the law and the prophets (Matthew 22:40), and he had given the Golden Rule as the substance of the Law and the prophets (Matthew 7:12). This is probably the royal law which is violated by partiality (James 2:3). It is in accord with the Scripture quoted here (Leviticus 19:18) and ratified by Jesus (Luke 10:28). [source]
James 2:8 The royal law [νομον βασιλικον]
Old adjective for royal, regal (from βασιλευς — basileus king), as of an officer (John 4:46). But why applied to νομος — nomos The Romans had a phrase, lex regia, which came from the king when they had kings. The absence of the article is common with νομος — nomos (James 4:11). It can mean a law fit to guide a king, or such as a king would choose, or even the king of laws. Jesus had said that on the law of love hang all the law and the prophets (Matthew 22:40), and he had given the Golden Rule as the substance of the Law and the prophets (Matthew 7:12). This is probably the royal law which is violated by partiality (James 2:3). It is in accord with the Scripture quoted here (Leviticus 19:18) and ratified by Jesus (Luke 10:28). [source]
James 3:17 Then peaceable [επειτα ειρηνικη]
Old adjective from ειρηνη — eirēnē (peace), loving peace here, bringing peace in Hebrews 12:11 (only N.T. examples). But clearly great as peace is, purity (righteousness) comes before peace and peace at any price is not worth the having. Hence Jesus spurned the devil‘s peace of surrender.Gentle (επιεικης — epieikēs). Old adjective (from εικος — eikos reasonable, fair), equitable (Philemon 4:5; 1 Peter 2:18). No English word renders it clearly.Easy to be entreated Old adjective Practical help (James 2:13, James 2:16).Good fruits αδιακριτος — Kaloi karpoi in Matthew 7:17. Good deeds the fruit of righteousness (Philemon 1:11).Without variance (διακρινω — adiakritos). Late verbal adjective (from alpha privative and διακρινομενος — diakrinō to distinguish). “Unhesitating,” not doubting (ανυποκριτος — diakrinomenos) like the man in James 1:6. Here only in N.T. This wisdom does not put a premium on doubt.Without hypocrisy Late and rare verbal adjective (alpha privative and hupokrinō). Not hypocritical, sincere, unfeigned (Romans 12:9). [source]
James 4:11 Judgeth [κρινων]
In the sense of harsh judgment as in Matthew 7:1; Luke 6:37 (explained by καταδικαζω — katadikazō).Not a doer of the law, but a judge (ουκ ποιητης νομου αλλα κριτης — ouk poiētēs nomoualla kritēs). This tone of superiority to law is here sharply condemned. James has in mind God‘s law, of course, but the point is the same for all laws under which we live. We cannot select the laws which we will obey unless some contravene God‘s law, and so our own conscience (Acts 4:20). Then we are willing to give our lives for our rebellion if need be. [source]
James 5:9 That ye be not judged [ινα μη κριτητε]
Negative purpose clause with ινα μη — hina mē and the first aorist passive subjunctive of κρινω — krinō As already indicated (James 2:12.; James 4:12) and repeated in James 5:12. Reminiscence of the words of Jesus in Matthew 7:1.Standeth before the doors (προ των τυρων εστηκεν — pro tōn thurōn hestēken). Perfect active indicative of ιστημι — histēmi “is standing now.” Again like the language of Jesus in Matthew 24:33 (επι τυραις — epi thurais) and Mark 13:29. Jesus the Judge is pictured as ready to enter for the judgment. [source]
2 Peter 2:9 The Lord knoweth how [οιδεν κυριος]
The actual apodosis of the long protasis begun in 2 Peter 2:4. God can deliver his servants as shown by Noah and Lot and he will deliver you. The idiomatic use of οιδα — oida and the infinitive (ρυεσται — ruesthai present middle and see 2 Peter 2:7) for knowing how as in Matthew 7:11; James 4:17. [source]
2 Peter 2:1 False prophets also [και πσευδοπροπηται]
In contrast with the true prophets just pictured in 2 Peter 1:20. Late compound in lxx and Philo, common in N.T. (Matthew 7:15). Allusion to the O.T. times like Balaam and others (Jeremiah 6:13; Jeremiah 28:9; Ezekiel 13:9).False teachers (πσευδοδιδασκαλοι — pseudodidaskaloi). Late and rare compound (πσευδησ διδασκαλος — pseudēsεσονται — didaskalos) here alone in N.T. Peter pictures them as in the future here (εισιν — esontai shall be) and again as already present (επλανητησαν — eisin are, 2 Peter 2:17), or in the past (παρεισαχουσιν — eplanēthēsan they went astray, 2 Peter 2:15).Shall privily bring in Future active of παρεισαγω — pareisagō late double compound εισαγω — pareisagō to bring in Descriptive genitive, “heresies of destruction” (marked by destruction) as in Luke 16:8. αιρεω — Hairesis (from αρνουμενοι — haireō) is simply a choosing, a school, a sect like that of the Sadducees (Acts 5:17), of the Pharisees (Acts 15:5), and of Christians as Paul admitted (Acts 24:5). These “tenets” (Galatians 5:20) led to destruction.Denying Present middle participle of και τον δεσποτην — arneomai This the Gnostics did, the very thing that Peter did, alas (Matthew 26:70) even after Christ‘s words (Matthew 10:33).Even the Master (τον αγορασαντα αυτους — kai ton despotēn). Old word for absolute master, here of Christ as in Judges 1:4, and also of God (Acts 4:24). Without the evil sense in our “despot.”That bought them First aorist active articular participle of λυτροω — agorazō same idea with ταχινην απωλειαν — lutroō in 1 Peter 1:18. These were professing Christians, at any rate, these heretics.Swift destruction (ταχινην — tachinēn apōleian). See 2 Peter 1:14 for απωλειαν — tachinēn and note repetition of επαγοντες — apōleian This is always the tragedy of such false prophets, the fate that they bring on (epagontes) themselves. [source]
2 Peter 2:15 The right way [ευτειαν οδον]
“The straight way” of 1 Samuel 12:23 (cf. Matthew 7:13. for this use of οδος — hodos), “the way of truth” (2 Peter 2:2).They went astray (επλανητησαν — eplanēthēsan). First aorist passive indicative of πλαναω — planaō like Mark 12:24.The way of Balaam Associative instrumental case after εχακολουτησαντες — exakolouthēsantes for which verb see 2 Peter 1:16; 2 Peter 2:2. These false teachers, as shown in 2 Peter 2:13, followed the way of Balaam, “who loved the hire of wrong-doing” (ος μιστον αδικιας ηγαπησεν — hos misthon adikias ēgapēsen). [source]
1 John 4:1 False prophets [ψευδοπροφῆται]
The term is applied in the New Testament to rivals of true prophets under the old dispensation (Luke 6:26; 2 Peter 2:1), and to rivals of the apostles under the gospel economy (Matthew 7:15; Matthew 24:11, Matthew 24:24; Mark 13:22). In Revelation to “the embodied power of spiritual falsehood” (Revelation 16:13; Revelation 19:20; Revelation 20:10). The false prophet supports his claims by signs and portents (Matthew 24:24; Acts 13:6; Revelation 19:20) and is thus distinguished from the false teacher. See 2 Peter 2:1, where the two terms occur together. [source]
1 John 2:3 That we know [ὅτι ἐγνώκαμεν]
Or, more literally, have come to know. John does not use the compound forms ἐπιγινώσκειν and ἐπίγνωσις (see on Matthew 7:16. See Luke 1:4; Acts 4:13; Romans 1:28; Ephesians 1:17, etc.), nor the kindred word γνῶσις knowledge(Luke 1:77; Romans 2:20, etc.). [source]
1 John 4:1 Many false prophets [πολλοι πσευδοπροπηται]
Jesus had warned people against them (Matthew 7:15), even when they as false Christs work portents (Matthew 24:11, Matthew 24:24; Mark 13:22). It is an old story (Luke 6:26) and recurs again and again (Acts 13:6; Revelation 16:13; Revelation 19:20; Revelation 20:10) along with false teachers (2 Peter 2:1).Are gone out (εχεληλυτασιν — exelēluthasin). Perfect active indicative of εχερχομαι — exerchomai Cf. aorist in 1 John 2:19. They are abroad always. [source]
1 John 4:1 Believe not every spirit [μη παντι πνευματι πιστευετε]
“Stop believing,” as some were clearly carried away by the spirits of error rampant among them, both Docetic and Cerinthian Gnostics. Credulity means gullibility and some believers fall easy victims to the latest fads in spiritualistic humbuggery.Prove the spirits (δοκιμαζετε τα πνευματα — dokimazete ta pneumata). Put them to the acid test of truth as the metallurgist does his metals. If it stands the test like a coin, it is acceptable (δοκιμος — dokimos 2 Corinthians 10:18), otherwise it is rejected (αδοκιμος — adokimos 1 Corinthians 9:27; 2 Corinthians 13:5-7).Many false prophets Jesus had warned people against them (Matthew 7:15), even when they as false Christs work portents (Matthew 24:11, Matthew 24:24; Mark 13:22). It is an old story (Luke 6:26) and recurs again and again (Acts 13:6; Revelation 16:13; Revelation 19:20; Revelation 20:10) along with false teachers (2 Peter 2:1).Are gone out (εχεληλυτασιν — exelēluthasin). Perfect active indicative of εχερχομαι — exerchomai Cf. aorist in 1 John 2:19. They are abroad always. [source]
Revelation 13:11 Out of the earth [εκ της γης]
Not “out of the sea” as the first (Revelation 13:1), perhaps locating him in Asia Minor without world-wide scope, but plainly the agent of the first beast and so of the dragon.He had (ειχεν — eichen). Imperfect active of εχω — echō Only two horns (not ten like the first, Revelation 13:1).Like unto a lamb Usual construction. Only the two horns of a young lamb and without the ferocity of the other beast, but “he spake as a dragon” Gunkel and Charles confess their inability to make anything out of this item. But Swete thinks that he had the roar of a dragon with all the looks of a lamb (weakness and innocence). Cf. the wolves in sheep‘s clothing (Matthew 7:15). [source]
Revelation 13:11 Like unto a lamb [ομοια αρνιωι]
Usual construction. Only the two horns of a young lamb and without the ferocity of the other beast, but “he spake as a dragon” Gunkel and Charles confess their inability to make anything out of this item. But Swete thinks that he had the roar of a dragon with all the looks of a lamb (weakness and innocence). Cf. the wolves in sheep‘s clothing (Matthew 7:15). [source]
Revelation 14:18 Out from the altar [εκ του τυσιαστηριου]
From the altar of incense where he is in charge of the fire If it is the altar of burnt offering (Revelation 6:9; Revelation 11:1), we are reminded of the blood of the martyrs (Swete), but if the altar of incense (Revelation 8:3, Revelation 8:5; Revelation 9:13; Revelation 16:7), then of the prayers of the saints.The sharp sickle (το δρεπανον το οχυ — to drepanon to oxu). Useful for vintage as for harvesting. So “send forth” (πεμπσον — pempson) as in Revelation 14:15.Gather First aorist active imperative of τρυγαω — trugaō old verb (from τρυγη — trugē dryness, ripeness), in N.T. only Revelation 14:18. and Luke 6:44.The clusters (τους βοτρυας — tous botruas). Old word βοτρυς — botrus here only in N.T. (Genesis 40:10).Her grapes Old word again for grapes, bunch of grapes, in N.T. only here, Matthew 7:16; Luke 6:44.Are fully ripe (ηκμασαν — ēkmasan). Old and common verb (from ακμη — akmē Matthew 15:16), to come to maturity, to reach its acme, here only in N.T. [source]
Revelation 14:18 Gather [τρυγησον]
First aorist active imperative of τρυγαω — trugaō old verb (from τρυγη — trugē dryness, ripeness), in N.T. only Revelation 14:18. and Luke 6:44.The clusters (τους βοτρυας — tous botruas). Old word βοτρυς — botrus here only in N.T. (Genesis 40:10).Her grapes Old word again for grapes, bunch of grapes, in N.T. only here, Matthew 7:16; Luke 6:44.Are fully ripe (ηκμασαν — ēkmasan). Old and common verb (from ακμη — akmē Matthew 15:16), to come to maturity, to reach its acme, here only in N.T. [source]
Revelation 14:18 Her grapes [αι σταπυλαι αυτης]
Old word again for grapes, bunch of grapes, in N.T. only here, Matthew 7:16; Luke 6:44.Are fully ripe (ηκμασαν — ēkmasan). Old and common verb (from ακμη — akmē Matthew 15:16), to come to maturity, to reach its acme, here only in N.T. [source]
Revelation 20:12 Another book which is the book of life [αλλο βιβλιον ο εστιν της ζωης]
This book has already been mentioned (Revelation 3:5; Revelation 13:8; Revelation 17:8). “It is the roll of living citizens of Jerusalem” (Swete), “the church of the first born enrolled in heaven” (Hebrews 12:23). The books are “the vouchers for the book of life” (Alford). We are saved by grace, but character at last (according to their works) is the test as the fruit of the tree (Matthew 7:16, Matthew 7:20; Matthew 10:32.; 25:31-46; John 15:6; 2 Corinthians 5:10; Romans 2:10; Revelation 2:23; Revelation 20:12; Revelation 22:12). [source]
Revelation 6:10 How long [εως ποτε]
“Until when.” Cf. Matthew 7:17; John 10:24. [source]
Revelation 9:19 The power [η εχουσια]
As in Revelation 2:26; Revelation 6:8. This power of the horses is both in their mouths (because of the fire, smoke, brimstone) and in their tails, “for their tails are like unto serpents” Associative-instrumental case οπεσιν — ophesin after ομοιαι — homoiai Οπις — Ophis is old word for snake (Matthew 7:10). [source]
Revelation 16:13 Of the dragon [του δρακοντος]
That is Satan (Revelation 12:3, Revelation 12:9).Of the beast (του τηριου — tou thēriou). The first beast (Revelation 13:1, Revelation 13:12) and then just the beast (Revelation 13:14.; Revelation 14:9, Revelation 14:11; Revelation 15:2; Revelation 16:2, Revelation 16:10), the brute force of the World-power represented by the Roman Empire” (Swete).Of the false prophet Cf. Matthew 7:15; Acts 13:6; 1 John 2:22; 1 John 4:3; 2 John 1:7. Identified with the second beast (Revelation 13:11-14) in Revelation 19:20; Revelation 20:10. So the sixth bowl introduces the dragon and his two subalterns of chapters Rev 12; 13 (the two beasts).Three unclean spirits (πνευματα τρια ακαταρτα — pneumata tria akatharta). Out of the mouths of each of the three evil powers (the dragon and the two beasts) comes an evil spirit. See the use of mouth in Revelation 1:16 (Revelation 9:17.; Revelation 11:5; Revelation 12:15; Revelation 19:15, Revelation 19:21) as a chief seat of influence. In 2 Thessalonians 2:8 we have “the breath of his mouth” (the other sense of πνευμα — pneuma). For ακαταρτον — akatharton (unclean) with πνευμα — pneuma see Mark 1:23.; Mark 3:11; Mark 5:2.; Acts 5:16; Acts 8:7. Christ expelled unclean spirits, but His enemies send them forth” (Swete). See Zechariah 13:2 “the false prophets and the unclean spirits.”As it were frogs Cf. Exodus 8:5; Leviticus 11:10. Old word, here alone in N.T. Like loathsome frogs in form. [source]
Revelation 16:13 Of the false prophet [του πσευδοπροπητου]
Cf. Matthew 7:15; Acts 13:6; 1 John 2:22; 1 John 4:3; 2 John 1:7. Identified with the second beast (Revelation 13:11-14) in Revelation 19:20; Revelation 20:10. So the sixth bowl introduces the dragon and his two subalterns of chapters Rev 12; 13 (the two beasts).Three unclean spirits (πνευματα τρια ακαταρτα — pneumata tria akatharta). Out of the mouths of each of the three evil powers (the dragon and the two beasts) comes an evil spirit. See the use of mouth in Revelation 1:16 (Revelation 9:17.; Revelation 11:5; Revelation 12:15; Revelation 19:15, Revelation 19:21) as a chief seat of influence. In 2 Thessalonians 2:8 we have “the breath of his mouth” (the other sense of πνευμα — pneuma). For ακαταρτον — akatharton (unclean) with πνευμα — pneuma see Mark 1:23.; Mark 3:11; Mark 5:2.; Acts 5:16; Acts 8:7. Christ expelled unclean spirits, but His enemies send them forth” (Swete). See Zechariah 13:2 “the false prophets and the unclean spirits.”As it were frogs Cf. Exodus 8:5; Leviticus 11:10. Old word, here alone in N.T. Like loathsome frogs in form. [source]
Revelation 2:2 Works [εργα]
The whole life and conduct as in John 6:29.And thy toil and patience (και τον κοπον και την υπομονην σου — kai ton kopon kai tēn hupomonēn sou). “Both thy toil and patience,” in explanation of εργα — erga and see 1 Thessalonians 1:3, where all three words (εργον κοποσ υπομονη — ergonεργα — koposκοποι — hupomonē) occur together as here. See Revelation 14:13 for sharp distinction between υπομονη — erga (activities) and κοπος — kopoi (toils, with weariness). Endurance (και οτι — hupomonē) in hard toil (κοπος — kopos).And that Further explanation of δυνασαι — kopos (hard toil).Not able (βαστασαι — ou dunēi). This Koiné form for the Attic βασταζω — dunasai (second person singular indicative middle) occurs also in Mark 9:22; Luke 16:2.Bear First aorist active infinitive of πειραζω — bastazō for which verb see John 10:31; John 12:6; Galatians 6:2. These evil men were indeed a heavy burden.And didst try (δυνηι εχεις — kai epeirasas). First aorist active indicative of τους λεγοντας εαυτους αποστολους — peirazō to test, a reference to a recent crisis when these Nicolaitans (Revelation 2:6) were condemned. The present tenses (και ουκ εισιν — dunēiκαι ουκ οντας — echeis) indicate the continuance of this attitude. Cf. 1 John 4:1.Which call themselves apostles Perhaps itinerant missionaries of these Nicolaitans who posed as equal to or even superior to the original apostles, like the Judaizers so described by Paul (2 Corinthians 11:5, 2 Corinthians 11:13; 2 Corinthians 12:11). Paul had foretold such false teachers (Gnostics), grievous wolves, in Acts 20:29; in sheep‘s clothing, Jesus had said (Matthew 7:15).And they are not (και ευρες — kai ouk eisin). A parenthesis in Johannine style (John 2:9; John 3:9; 1 John 3:1) for ευρισκω — kai ouk ontas to correspond to επειρασας — legontas didst find (πσευδεις — kai heures). Second aorist active indicative of πσευδης — heuriskō Dropping back to the regular structure parallel with epeirasas (pseudeis). Predicate accusative plural of pseudēs self-deceived deceivers as in Revelation 21:8. [source]
Revelation 2:2 And that [ου δυνηι]
Further explanation of δυνασαι — kopos (hard toil).Not able (βαστασαι — ou dunēi). This Koiné form for the Attic βασταζω — dunasai (second person singular indicative middle) occurs also in Mark 9:22; Luke 16:2.Bear First aorist active infinitive of πειραζω — bastazō for which verb see John 10:31; John 12:6; Galatians 6:2. These evil men were indeed a heavy burden.And didst try (δυνηι εχεις — kai epeirasas). First aorist active indicative of τους λεγοντας εαυτους αποστολους — peirazō to test, a reference to a recent crisis when these Nicolaitans (Revelation 2:6) were condemned. The present tenses (και ουκ εισιν — dunēiκαι ουκ οντας — echeis) indicate the continuance of this attitude. Cf. 1 John 4:1.Which call themselves apostles Perhaps itinerant missionaries of these Nicolaitans who posed as equal to or even superior to the original apostles, like the Judaizers so described by Paul (2 Corinthians 11:5, 2 Corinthians 11:13; 2 Corinthians 12:11). Paul had foretold such false teachers (Gnostics), grievous wolves, in Acts 20:29; in sheep‘s clothing, Jesus had said (Matthew 7:15).And they are not (και ευρες — kai ouk eisin). A parenthesis in Johannine style (John 2:9; John 3:9; 1 John 3:1) for ευρισκω — kai ouk ontas to correspond to επειρασας — legontas didst find (πσευδεις — kai heures). Second aorist active indicative of πσευδης — heuriskō Dropping back to the regular structure parallel with epeirasas (pseudeis). Predicate accusative plural of pseudēs self-deceived deceivers as in Revelation 21:8. [source]
Revelation 2:2 Bear [και επειρασας]
First aorist active infinitive of πειραζω — bastazō for which verb see John 10:31; John 12:6; Galatians 6:2. These evil men were indeed a heavy burden.And didst try (δυνηι εχεις — kai epeirasas). First aorist active indicative of τους λεγοντας εαυτους αποστολους — peirazō to test, a reference to a recent crisis when these Nicolaitans (Revelation 2:6) were condemned. The present tenses (και ουκ εισιν — dunēiκαι ουκ οντας — echeis) indicate the continuance of this attitude. Cf. 1 John 4:1.Which call themselves apostles Perhaps itinerant missionaries of these Nicolaitans who posed as equal to or even superior to the original apostles, like the Judaizers so described by Paul (2 Corinthians 11:5, 2 Corinthians 11:13; 2 Corinthians 12:11). Paul had foretold such false teachers (Gnostics), grievous wolves, in Acts 20:29; in sheep‘s clothing, Jesus had said (Matthew 7:15).And they are not (και ευρες — kai ouk eisin). A parenthesis in Johannine style (John 2:9; John 3:9; 1 John 3:1) for ευρισκω — kai ouk ontas to correspond to επειρασας — legontas didst find (πσευδεις — kai heures). Second aorist active indicative of πσευδης — heuriskō Dropping back to the regular structure parallel with epeirasas (pseudeis). Predicate accusative plural of pseudēs self-deceived deceivers as in Revelation 21:8. [source]
Revelation 2:2 Which call themselves apostles [λεγοντας]
Perhaps itinerant missionaries of these Nicolaitans who posed as equal to or even superior to the original apostles, like the Judaizers so described by Paul (2 Corinthians 11:5, 2 Corinthians 11:13; 2 Corinthians 12:11). Paul had foretold such false teachers (Gnostics), grievous wolves, in Acts 20:29; in sheep‘s clothing, Jesus had said (Matthew 7:15).And they are not (και ευρες — kai ouk eisin). A parenthesis in Johannine style (John 2:9; John 3:9; 1 John 3:1) for ευρισκω — kai ouk ontas to correspond to επειρασας — legontas didst find (πσευδεις — kai heures). Second aorist active indicative of πσευδης — heuriskō Dropping back to the regular structure parallel with epeirasas (pseudeis). Predicate accusative plural of pseudēs self-deceived deceivers as in Revelation 21:8. [source]
Revelation 20:12 Books were opened [βιβλια ηνοιχτησαν]
First aorist passive of ανοιγω — anoigō Like Daniel 7:10. The record of each human being has been kept in God‘s books.Were judged (εκριτησαν — ekrithēsan). First aorist passive indicative of κρινω — krinō The sentence upon each rests upon written evidence.Another book which is the book of life This book has already been mentioned (Revelation 3:5; Revelation 13:8; Revelation 17:8). “It is the roll of living citizens of Jerusalem” (Swete), “the church of the first born enrolled in heaven” (Hebrews 12:23). The books are “the vouchers for the book of life” (Alford). We are saved by grace, but character at last (according to their works) is the test as the fruit of the tree (Matthew 7:16, Matthew 7:20; Matthew 10:32.; 25:31-46; John 15:6; 2 Corinthians 5:10; Romans 2:10; Revelation 2:23; Revelation 20:12; Revelation 22:12). [source]
Revelation 22:2 On this side of the river and on that [του ποταμου εντευτεν και εκειτεν]
Εντευτεν — Enteuthen occurs as a preposition in Daniel 12:5 (Theodoret) and may be so here (post-positive), purely adverbial in John 19:18.The tree of life (χυλον ζωης — xulon zōēs). For the metaphor see Genesis 1:11. and Revelation 2:7; Revelation 22:14. Χυλον — Xulon is used for a green tree in Luke 23:31; Ezekiel 47:12.Bearing Neuter active participle of ποιεω — poieō (making, producing, as in Matthew 7:17). Some MSS. have ποιων — poiōn (masculine), though χυλον — xulon is neuter.Twelve manner of fruits (καρπους δωδεκα — karpous dōdeka). “Twelve fruits.”Yielding Neuter active participle of αποδιδωμι — apodidōmi to give back, but some MSS. have αποδιδους — apodidous (masculine) like ποιων — poiōn the healing of the nations Spiritual healing, of course, as leaves (πυλλα — phulla) are often used for obtaining medicines. Here again the problem occurs whether this picture is heaven before the judgment or afterwards. Charles distinguishes sharply between the Heavenly City for the millennial reign and the New Jerusalem that descends from heaven after the judgment. Charles rearranges these chapters to suit his theory. But chronology is precarious here. [source]
Revelation 22:2 Bearing [ποιουν]
Neuter active participle of ποιεω — poieō (making, producing, as in Matthew 7:17). Some MSS. have ποιων — poiōn (masculine), though χυλον — xulon is neuter.Twelve manner of fruits (καρπους δωδεκα — karpous dōdeka). “Twelve fruits.”Yielding Neuter active participle of αποδιδωμι — apodidōmi to give back, but some MSS. have αποδιδους — apodidous (masculine) like ποιων — poiōn the healing of the nations Spiritual healing, of course, as leaves (πυλλα — phulla) are often used for obtaining medicines. Here again the problem occurs whether this picture is heaven before the judgment or afterwards. Charles distinguishes sharply between the Heavenly City for the millennial reign and the New Jerusalem that descends from heaven after the judgment. Charles rearranges these chapters to suit his theory. But chronology is precarious here. [source]

What do the individual words in Matthew 7:1 mean?

Not do judge that you should be judged
Μὴ κρίνετε ἵνα κριθῆτε

κρίνετε  do  judge 
Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Active, 2nd Person Plural
Root: κρίνω  
Sense: to separate, put asunder, to pick out, select, choose.
ἵνα  that 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: ἵνα  
Sense: that, in order that, so that.
κριθῆτε  you  should  be  judged 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Passive, 2nd Person Plural
Root: κρίνω  
Sense: to separate, put asunder, to pick out, select, choose.