KJV: And when they had platted a crown of thorns, they put it upon his head, and a reed in his right hand: and they bowed the knee before him, and mocked him, saying, Hail, King of the Jews!
YLT: and having plaited him a crown out of thorns they put it on his head, and a reed in his right hand, and having kneeled before him, they were mocking him, saying, 'Hail, the king of the Jews.'
Darby: and having woven a crown out of thorns, they put it on his head, and a reed in his right hand; and, bowing the knee before him, they mocked him, saying, Hail, King of the Jews!
ASV: And they platted a crown of thorns and put it upon his head, and a reed in his right hand; and they kneeled down before him, and mocked him, saying, Hail, King of the Jews!
| πλέξαντες | having twisted together |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: πλέκω Sense: to plait, braid, weave together. |
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| στέφανον | a crown |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: στέφανοσ2 Sense: a crown. |
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| ἀκανθῶν | thorns |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Plural Root: ἄκανθα Sense: thorn, bramble. |
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| ἐπέθηκαν | they put [it] |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἐπιτίθημι Sense: in the active voice. |
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| κεφαλῆς | head |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: κεφαλή Sense: the head, both of men and often of animals. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of Him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| κάλαμον | a reed |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: κάλαμος Sense: a reed. |
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| δεξιᾷ | right hand |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Feminine Singular Root: δεξιός Sense: the right, the right hand. |
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| γονυπετήσαντες | having bowed the knees |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: γονυπετέω Sense: to fall on the knees, the act of imploring aid, and of expressing reverence and honour. |
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| ἔμπροσθεν | before |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἔμπροσθεν Sense: in front, before. |
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| ἐνέπαιξαν | they mocked |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἐμπαίζω Sense: to play with, trifle with. |
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| λέγοντες | saying |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
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| Χαῖρε | Hail |
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Parse: Verb, Present Imperative Active, 2nd Person Singular Root: χαίρω Sense: to rejoice, be glad. |
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| Βασιλεῦ | King |
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Parse: Noun, Vocative Masculine Singular Root: βασιλεύς Sense: leader of the people, prince, commander, lord of the land, king. |
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| τῶν | of the |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Ἰουδαίων | Jews |
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Parse: Adjective, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: Ἰουδαῖος Sense: Jewish, belonging to the Jewish race. |
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Greek Commentary for Matthew 27:29
They wove a crown out of thorns which would grow even in the palace grounds. It is immaterial whether they were young and tender thorn bushes, as probable in the spring, or hard bushes with sharp prongs. The soldiers would not care, for they were after ridicule and mockery even if it caused pain. It was more like a victor‘s garland (στεπανον stephanon) than a royal diadem (διαδημα diadēma), but it served the purpose. So with the reed (καλαμον kalamon), a stalk of common cane grass which served as sceptre. The soldiers were familiar with the Ave Caesar and copy it in their mockery of Jesus: [source]
The soldiers added the insults used by the Sanhedrin (Matthew 26:67), spitting on him and smiting him with the reed. Probably Jesus had been unbound already. At any rate the garments of mockery were removed before the via dolorosa to the cross (Matthew 27:31). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Matthew 27:29
Latin calamus. Used of the reeds that grew in plenty in the Jordan Valley where John preached, of a staff made of a reed (Matthew 27:29), as a measuring rod (Revelation 11:1), of a writer‘s pen (3 John 1:13). The reeds by the Jordan bent with the wind, but not so John. [source]
Matthew 27:28 has “scarlet robe” which see for discussion as well as the note on Matthew 27:29 for the crown of thorns. [source]
Rare verb, once in Aristotle and in a late Christian inscription, and 1 Corinthians 7:9 and here, from εγκρατης egkratēs common adjective for one who controls himself. The athlete then and now has to control himself (direct middle) in all things (accusative of general reference). This is stated by Paul as an athletic axiom. Training for ten months was required under the direction of trained judges. Abstinence from wine was required and a rigid diet and regimen of habits.A corruptible crown (πταρτον στεπανον phtharton stephanon). Στεπανος Stephanos (crown) is from στεπω stephō to put around the head, like the Latin corona, wreath or garland, badge of victory in the games. In the Isthmian games it was of pine leaves, earlier of parsley, in the Olympian games of the wild olive. “Yet these were the most coveted honours in the whole Greek world” (Findlay). For the crown of thorns on Christ‘s head see note on Matthew 27:29; Mark 15:17; John 19:2; and John 19:5. Διαδημα Diadēma (diadem) was for kings (Revelation 12:3). Favourite metaphor in the N.T., the crown of righteousness (2 Timothy 4:8), the crown of life (James 1:12), the crown of glory (1 Peter 5:4), the crown of rejoicing (1 Thessalonians 2:9), description of the Philippians (Philemon 4:1). Note contrast between πταρτον phtharton (verbal adjective from πτειρω phtheirō to corrupt) like the garland of pine leaves, wild olive, or laurel, and απταρτον aphtharton (same form with α a privative) like the crown of victory offered the Christian, the amaranthine (unfading rose) crown of glory (1 Peter 5:4). [source]
Στεπανος Stephanos (crown) is from στεπω stephō to put around the head, like the Latin corona, wreath or garland, badge of victory in the games. In the Isthmian games it was of pine leaves, earlier of parsley, in the Olympian games of the wild olive. “Yet these were the most coveted honours in the whole Greek world” (Findlay). For the crown of thorns on Christ‘s head see note on Matthew 27:29; Mark 15:17; John 19:2; and John 19:5. Διαδημα Diadēma (diadem) was for kings (Revelation 12:3). Favourite metaphor in the N.T., the crown of righteousness (2 Timothy 4:8), the crown of life (James 1:12), the crown of glory (1 Peter 5:4), the crown of rejoicing (1 Thessalonians 2:9), description of the Philippians (Philemon 4:1). Note contrast between πταρτον phtharton (verbal adjective from πτειρω phtheirō to corrupt) like the garland of pine leaves, wild olive, or laurel, and απταρτον aphtharton (same form with α a privative) like the crown of victory offered the Christian, the amaranthine (unfading rose) crown of glory (1 Peter 5:4). [source]
Old compound, to inweave (see Matthew 27:29 for πλεκω plekō), in N.T. only here and 2 Peter 2:20. Present middle (direct) indicative. In the affairs (ταις πραγματειαις tais pragmateiais). Old word (from πραγματευομαι pragmateuomai Luke 19:13), business, occupation, only here in N.T. Of this life No “this” in the Greek, “of life” (course of life as in 1 Timothy 2:2, not existence ζωη zōē). Him who enrolled him as a soldier (τωι στρατολογησαντι tōi stratologēsanti). Dative case after αρεσηι aresēi (first aorist active subjunctive of αρεσκω areskō to please, 1 Thessalonians 2:4, purpose clause with ινα hina) of the articular first aorist active participle of στρατολογεω stratologeō literary Koiné{[28928]}š word (στρατολογος stratologos from στρατος stratos and λεγω legō), only here in N.T. [source]
Real temptation here. See James 1:2 for “trials.”When he hath been approved (δοκιμος γενομενος dokimos genomenos). “Having become approved,” with direct reference to το δοκιμιον to dokimion in James 1:3. See also Romans 5:4 for δοκιμη dokimē (approval after test as of gold or silver). This beatitude (μακαριος makarios) is for the one who has come out unscathed. See 1 Timothy 6:9.The crown of life The same phrase occurs in Revelation 2:10. It is the genitive of apposition, life itself being the crown as in 1 Peter 5:4. This crown is “an honourable ornament” (Ropes), with possibly no reference to the victor‘s crown (garland of leaves) as with Paul in 1 Corinthians 9:25; 2 Timothy 4:8, nor to the linen fillet Στεπανος Stephanos has a variety of uses. Cf. the thorn chaplet on Jesus (Matthew 27:29).The Lord. Not in the oldest Greek MSS., but clearly implied as the subject of επηγγειλατο epēggeilato (he promised, first aorist middle indicative). [source]
The same phrase occurs in Revelation 2:10. It is the genitive of apposition, life itself being the crown as in 1 Peter 5:4. This crown is “an honourable ornament” (Ropes), with possibly no reference to the victor‘s crown (garland of leaves) as with Paul in 1 Corinthians 9:25; 2 Timothy 4:8, nor to the linen fillet Στεπανος Stephanos has a variety of uses. Cf. the thorn chaplet on Jesus (Matthew 27:29).The Lord. Not in the oldest Greek MSS., but clearly implied as the subject of επηγγειλατο epēggeilato (he promised, first aorist middle indicative). [source]
Lit., reed. See Matthew 11:7. The staff or scepter placed in mockery in Jesus' hand, Matthew 27:29. A measuring-reed, Revelation 11:1. [source]