KJV: Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the common hall, and gathered unto him the whole band of soldiers.
YLT: then the soldiers of the governor having taken Jesus to the Praetorium, did gather to him all the band;
Darby: Then the soldiers of the governor, having taken Jesus with them to the praetorium, gathered against him the whole band,
ASV: Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the Praetorium, and gathered unto him the whole band.
| στρατιῶται | soldiers |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: στρατιώτης Sense: a (common) soldier. |
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| τοῦ | of the |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| ἡγεμόνος | governor |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ἡγεμών Sense: a leader of any kind, a guide, ruler, prefect, president, chief, general, commander, sovereign. |
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| παραλαβόντες | having taken with [them] |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: παραλαμβάνω Sense: to take to, to take with one’s self, to join to one’s self. |
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| τὸν | - |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Ἰησοῦν | Jesus |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰησοῦς Sense: Joshua was the famous captain of the Israelites, Moses’ successor. |
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| πραιτώριον | Praetorium |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: πραιτώριον Sense: “head-quarters” in a Roman camp, the tent of the commander-in-chief. |
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| συνήγαγον | gathered |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: συνάγω Sense: to gather together, to gather. |
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| ἐπ’ | before |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐπί Sense: upon, on, at, by, before. |
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| σπεῖραν | cohort |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: σπεῖρα Sense: anything rolled into a circle or ball, anything wound, rolled up, folded together. |
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Greek Commentary for Matthew 27:27
In Rome the praetorium was the camp of the praetorian (from praetor) guard of soldiers (Philemon 1:13), but in the provinces it was the palace in which the governor resided as in Acts 23:35 in Caesarea. So here in Jerusalem Pilate ordered Jesus and all the band or cohort (ολην την σπειραν holēn tēn speiran) of soldiers to be led into the palace in front of which the judgment-seat had been placed. The Latin spira was anything rolled into a circle like a twisted ball of thread. These Latin words are natural here in the atmosphere of the court and the military environment. The soldiers were gathered together for the sport of seeing the scourging. These heathen soldiers would also enjoy showing their contempt for the Jews as well as for the condemned man. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Matthew 27:27
In Matthew 27:27 this same word is translated “palace.” That is its meaning here also, the palace in which the Roman provincial governor resided. In Philemon 1:13 it means the Praetorian Guard in Rome. Mark mentions here “the court” (της αυλης tēs aulēs) inside of the palace into which the people passed from the street through the vestibule. See further on Matthew about the “band.” [source]
The Synoptists speak of the body which arrested Jesus as ὄχλος , a multitude or rabble; but both Matthew and Mark mention the band ( σπεῖρα ) later in the narrative (Matthew 27:27; Mark 15:16). [source]
No word for “of soldiers” in the Greek, but the Latin spira (roll or ball) was used for a military cohort (Polybius 11, 23, 1) as in Matthew 27:27; Acts 10:1, etc., here for a small band secured from the Tower of Antonia. The Synoptics do not mention the soldiers, but only the “officers” as here Dramatic historical present middle indicative. With lanterns and torches Both old words, πανος phanos only here in N.T., λαμπας lampas an oil lamp (Matthew 25:1). It was full moon, but Judas took no chances for it may have been cloudy and there were dark places by the walls and under the olive trees. Μετα Meta is accompanied with and weapons Mark (Mark 14:43) mentions “swords and staves.” Probably the temple guard had weapons as well as the soldiers. [source]
Dramatic historical present of αγω agō plural “they” for the Sanhedrists (Luke 23:1). John gives no details of the trial before the Sanhedrin (only the fact, John 18:24, John 18:28) when Caiaphas presided, either the informal meeting at night (Mark 14:53, Mark 14:55-65; Matthew 26:57, Matthew 26:59-68; Luke 22:54, Luke 22:63-65) or the formal ratification meeting after dawn (Mark 15:1; Matthew 27:1; Luke 22:66-71), but he gives much new material of the trial before Pilate (John 18:28-38). Into the palace For the history and meaning of this interesting Latin word, praetorium, see note on Matthew 27:27; note on Acts 23:35; and note on Philemon 1:13. Here it is probably the magnificent palace in Jerusalem built by Herod the Great for himself and occupied by the Roman Procurator (governor) when in the city. There was also one in Caesarea (Acts 23:35). Herod‘s palace in Jerusalem was on the Hill of Zion in the western part of the upper city. There is something to be said for the Castle of Antonia, north of the temple area, as the location of Pilate‘s residence in Jerusalem. Early Technically the fourth watch (3 a.m. to 6 a.m.). There were two violations of Jewish legal procedure (holding the trial for a capital case at night, passing condemnation on the same day of the trial). Besides, the Sanhedrin no longer had the power of death. A Roman court could meet any time after sunrise. John (John 19:14) says it was “about the sixth hour” when Pilate condemned Jesus. That they might not be defiled Purpose clause with ινα μη hina mē and first aorist passive subjunctive of μιαινω miainō to stain, to defile. For Jewish scruples about entering the house of a Gentile see Acts 10:28; Acts 11:3. But might eat the passover Second aorist active subjunctive of the defective verb εστιω esthiō to eat. This phrase may mean to eat the passover meal as in Matthew 27:17 (Mark 14:12, Mark 14:14; Luke 22:11, Luke 22:15), but it does not have to mean that. In 2 Chronicles 30:22 we read: “And they did eat the festival seven days” when the paschal festival is meant, not the paschal lamb or the paschal supper. There are eight other examples of πασχα pascha in John‘s Gospel and in all of them the feast is meant, not the supper. If we follow John‘s use of the word, it is the feast here, not the meal of John 13:2 which was the regular passover meal. This interpretation keeps John in harmony with the Synoptics. [source]
Second aorist active indicative of παραλαμβανω paralambanō they took Jesus from Pilate. Cf. John 1:11; John 14:3. This is after the shameful scourging between 6 a.m. and 9 a.m. when the soldiers insult Jesus ad libitum (Mark 15:16-19; Matthew 27:27-30). [source]
First aorist active indicative of λαμβανω lambanō and μαστιγοω mastigoō (from μαστιχ mastix whip). For this redundant use of λαμβανω lambanō see also John 19:6. It is the causative use of μαστιγοω mastigoō for Pilate did not actually scourge Jesus. He simply ordered it done, perhaps to see if the mob would be satisfied with this penalty on the alleged pretender to royalty (Luke 23:22) whom Pilate had pronounced innocent (John 18:38), an illegal act therefore. It was a preliminary to crucifixion, but Jesus was not yet condemned. The Sanhedrin had previously mocked Jesus (Mark 14:65; Matthew 26:67.; Luke 22:63.) as the soldiers will do later (Mark 15:16-19; Matthew 27:27-30). This later mock coronation (Mark and Matthew) was after the condemnation. Plaited a crown of thorns Old verb πλεκω plekō to weave, in the N.T. only here, Mark 15:17; Matthew 27:19. Not impossible for the mock coronation to be repeated. Arrayed him “Placed around him” (second aorist active indicative of περιβαλλω periballō). In a purple garment Old adjective πορπυρεος porphureos from πορπυρα porphura purple cloth (Mark 15:17, Mark 15:20), dyed in purple, in the N.T. only here and Revelation 18:16. Jesus had been stripped of his outer garment ιματιον himation (Matthew 27:28) and the scarlet cloak of one of the soldiers may have been put on him (Matthew 27:28). [source]
Second aorist middle subjunctive of παραγινομαι paraginomai with temporal conjunction οταν hotan indefinite temporal clause of future time (Robertson, Grammar, p. 972), “whenever thine accusers come.” In Herod‘s palace (εν τωι πραιτωριωι en tōi praitōriōi). The Latin word πραετοριυμ praetorium The word meant the camp of the general, then the palace of the governor as here and Matthew 27:27 which see, and then the camp of praetorian soldiers or rather the praetorian guard as in Philemon 1:13. [source]
The Latin word πραετοριυμ praetorium The word meant the camp of the general, then the palace of the governor as here and Matthew 27:27 which see, and then the camp of praetorian soldiers or rather the praetorian guard as in Philemon 1:13. [source]
Imperfect active ωμεγα ōmega form rather than the old μι ̇mi form παρεδιδοσαν paredidosan as in Acts 4:33, from παραδιδωμι paradidōmi Perhaps the imperfect notes the continuance of the handing over. Certain other prisoners (τινας ετερους δεσμωτας tinas heterous desmōtas). Bound (δεσμωτας desmōtas) like Paul, but not necessarily appellants to Caesar, perhaps some of them condemned criminals to amuse the Roman populace in the gladiatorial shows, most likely pagans though ετερους heterous does not have to mean different kind of prisoners from Paul. Of the Augustan band Note Ionic genitive σπειρης speirēs not σπειρας speiras See note on Matthew 27:27 and note on Acts 10:1. Χοορτις Αυγυσταε Cohortis Augustae We do not really know why this cohort is called “Augustan.” It may be that it is part of the imperial commissariat (frumentarii) since Julius assumes chief authority in the grain ship (Acts 27:11). These legionary centurions when in Rome were called peregrini (foreigners) because their work was chiefly in the provinces. This man Julius may have been one of them. [source]
Note Ionic genitive σπειρης speirēs not σπειρας speiras See note on Matthew 27:27 and note on Acts 10:1. Χοορτις Αυγυσταε Cohortis Augustae We do not really know why this cohort is called “Augustan.” It may be that it is part of the imperial commissariat (frumentarii) since Julius assumes chief authority in the grain ship (Acts 27:11). These legionary centurions when in Rome were called peregrini (foreigners) because their work was chiefly in the provinces. This man Julius may have been one of them. [source]
There were originally ten thousand of these picked soldiers, concentrated in Rome by Tiberius. They had double pay and special privileges and became so powerful that emperors had to court their favour. Paul had contact with one after another of these soldiers. It is a Latin word, but the meaning is not certain, for in the other New Testament examples (Matthew 27:27; Mark 15:16; John 18:28, John 18:33; John 19:9; Acts 23:35) it means the palace of the provincial governor either in Jerusalem or Caesarea. In Rome “palace” would have to be the emperor‘s palace, a possible meaning for Paul a provincial writing to provincials (Kennedy). Some take it to mean the camp or barracks of the praetorian guard. The Greek, “in the whole praetorium,” allows this meaning, though there is no clear example of it. Mommsen and Ramsay argue for the judicial authorities (praefecti praetorio) with the assessors of the imperial court. At any rate Paul, chained to a soldier, had access to the soldiers and the officials. [source]