The common cup likewise symbolized Jesus" sharing Himself with the disciples and their unity as disciples. Judas had apparently left the upper room before the institution of the Lord"s Supper. Jesus" viewed His blood as the ratifying agent of the New Covenant (cf. Jeremiah 31:31-34), as animal blood had made the Old (Mosaic) Covenant valid ( Exodus 24:8). The Greek word translated "covenant" is diatheke, a word that describes an agreement made by one person for others. A different word, syntheke, describes an agreement that two parties made in which both had obligations to each other. The diluted wine in the cup was also a reminder of the covenant"s existence. [1] Jesus" blood poured out is an obvious allusion to His death. "For" translates the Greek preposition hyper meaning "in behalf of" or "instead of," a clear reference to vicarious atonement (cf. Matthew 26:28). "Many" means all (cf. Mark 10:45; Isaiah 53:11-12). [source][source][source]
"By the word many he means not a part of the world only, but the whole human race." [2][source]