KJV: But their scribes and Pharisees murmured against his disciples, saying, Why do ye eat and drink with publicans and sinners?
YLT: and the scribes and the Pharisees among them were murmuring at his disciples, saying, 'Wherefore with tax-gatherers and sinners do ye eat and drink?'
Darby: And their scribes and the Pharisees murmured at his disciples, saying, Why do ye eat and drink with tax-gatherers and sinners?
ASV: And the Pharisees and their scribes murmured against his disciples, saying, Why do ye eat and drink with the publicans and sinners?
ἐγόγγυζον | were grumbling |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: γογγύζω Sense: to murmur, mutter, grumble, say anything against in a low tone. |
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Φαρισαῖοι | Pharisees |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: Φαρισαῖος Sense: A sect that seems to have started after the Jewish exile. |
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γραμματεῖς | scribes |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: γραμματεύς Sense: a clerk, scribe, esp. |
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αὐτῶν | of them |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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πρὸς | at |
Parse: Preposition Root: πρός Sense: to the advantage of. |
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μαθητὰς | disciples |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: μαθητής Sense: a learner, pupil, disciple. |
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αὐτοῦ | of Him |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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λέγοντες | saying |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
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Διὰ | Because of |
Parse: Preposition Root: διά Sense: through. |
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τί | why |
Parse: Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: τίς Sense: who, which, what. |
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τελωνῶν | tax collectors |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: τελώνης Sense: a renter or farmer of taxes. |
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ἁμαρτωλῶν | sinners |
Parse: Adjective, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: ἁμαρτωλός Sense: devoted to sin, a sinner. |
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ἐσθίετε | do you eat |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: ἐσθίω Sense: to eat. |
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πίνετε | drink |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: πίνω Sense: to drink. |
Greek Commentary for Luke 5:30
Note article with each substantive and the order, not “scribes and Pharisees,” but “the Pharisees and the scribes of them” (the Pharisees). Some manuscripts omit “their,” but Mark 2:16 (the scribes of the Pharisees) shows that it is correct here. Some of the scribes were Sadducees. It is only the Pharisees who find fault here. [source]
Imperfect active. Picturesque onomatopoetic word that sounds like its meaning. A late word used of the cooing of doves. It is like the buzzing of bees, like τοντορρυζω tonthorruzō of literary Greek. They were not invited to this feast and would not have come if they had been. But, not being invited, they hang on the outside and criticize the disciples of Jesus for being there. The crowd was so large that the feast may have been served out in the open court at Levi‘s house, a sort of reclining garden party.The publicans and sinners (των τελωνων και αμαρτωλων tōn telōnōn kai hamartōlōn). Here Luke is quoting the criticism of the critics. Note one article making one group of all of them. [source]
Here Luke is quoting the criticism of the critics. Note one article making one group of all of them. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 5:30
This is the correct text. Cf. “their scribes” in Luke 5:30. Matthew gave a great reception These publicans and sinners not simply accepted Levi‘s invitation, but they imitated his example “and were following Jesus” It was a motly crew from the standpoint of these young theologues, scribes of the Pharisees, who were on hand, being invited to pick flaws if they could. It was probably in the long hall of the house where the scribes stood and ridiculed Jesus and the disciples, unless they stood outside, feeling too pious to go into the house of a publican. It was an offence for a Jew to eat with Gentiles as even many of the early Jewish Christians felt (Acts 11:3) and publicans and sinners were regarded like Gentiles (1 Corinthians 5:11). [source]
The two articles separate the two classes (all the publicans and the sinners). They are sometimes grouped together (Luke 5:30; Matthew 9:11), but not here. The publicans are put on the same level with the outcasts or sinners. So in Luke 14:2 the repeated article separates Pharisees and scribes as not quite one. The use of “all” here may be hyperbole for very many or the reference may be to these two classes in the particular place where Jesus was from time to time. [source]
Imperfect active of δια diagogguzō late Greek compound in the lxx and Byzantine writers. In the N.T. only here and Luke 19:7. The force of ουτος dia here is probably between or among themselves. It spread (imperfect tense) whenever these two classes came in contact with Jesus. As the publicans and the sinners were drawing near to Jesus just in that proportion the Pharisees and the scribes increased their murmurings. The social breach is here an open yawning chasm.This man (προσδεχεται houtos). A contemptuous sneer in the use of the pronoun. They spoke out openly and probably pointed at Jesus.Receiveth Present middle indicative of the common verb υπεδεχατο prosdechomai In Luke 12:36 we had it for expecting, here it is to give access to oneself, to welcome like και συνεστιει αυτοις hupedexato of Martha‘s welcome to Jesus (Luke 10:38). The charge here is that this is the habit of Jesus. He shows no sense of social superiority to these outcasts (like the Hindu “untouchables” in India).And eateth with them (αυτοις kai sunesthiei autois). Associative instrumental case (συν autois) after πιλος sun - in composition. This is an old charge (Luke 5:30) and a much more serious breach from the standpoint of the Pharisees. The implication is that Jesus prefers these outcasts to the respectable classes (the Pharisees and the scribes) because he is like them in character and tastes, even with the harlots. There was a sting in the charge that he was the “friend” (philos) of publicans and sinners (Luke 7:34). [source]
Present middle indicative of the common verb υπεδεχατο prosdechomai In Luke 12:36 we had it for expecting, here it is to give access to oneself, to welcome like και συνεστιει αυτοις hupedexato of Martha‘s welcome to Jesus (Luke 10:38). The charge here is that this is the habit of Jesus. He shows no sense of social superiority to these outcasts (like the Hindu “untouchables” in India).And eateth with them (αυτοις kai sunesthiei autois). Associative instrumental case (συν autois) after πιλος sun - in composition. This is an old charge (Luke 5:30) and a much more serious breach from the standpoint of the Pharisees. The implication is that Jesus prefers these outcasts to the respectable classes (the Pharisees and the scribes) because he is like them in character and tastes, even with the harlots. There was a sting in the charge that he was the “friend” (philos) of publicans and sinners (Luke 7:34). [source]
Associative instrumental case (συν autois) after πιλος sun - in composition. This is an old charge (Luke 5:30) and a much more serious breach from the standpoint of the Pharisees. The implication is that Jesus prefers these outcasts to the respectable classes (the Pharisees and the scribes) because he is like them in character and tastes, even with the harlots. There was a sting in the charge that he was the “friend” (philos) of publicans and sinners (Luke 7:34). [source]
Imperfect middle of this compound onomatopoetic word διαγογγυζω dia -γογγυζω gogguzō In Luke 5:30 we have the simple δια gogguzō a late word like the cooing doves or the hum of bees. This compound with καταλυσαι dia - is still rarer, but more expressive. [source]
Luke declines here to use “sinners” like Mark 2:15 and Matthew 9:10 though he does so in Luke 5:30 and in Luke 15:1. None but social outcasts would eat with publicans at such a feast or barbecue, for it was a very large affair.Were sitting at meat with them (ησαν μετ αυτων κατακειμενοι ēsan met' autōn katakeimenoi). Literally, were reclining with them (Jesus and the disciples). It was a motley crew that Levi had brought together, but he showed courage as well as loyalty to Jesus. [source]
John does not mention “scribes,” though this combination (note two articles) is common enough in the Synoptics (Luke 5:30; Luke 6:7, etc.). Bring Vivid dramatic present active indicative of αγω agō Dods calls this “in itself an unlawful thing to do” since they had a court for the trial of such a case. Their purpose is to entrap Jesus. Taken in adultery Perfect passive participle of καταλαμβανω katalambanō old compound to seize (Mark 9:18), to catch, to overtake (John 12:35), to overcome (or overtake) in John 1:5. Having let her in the midst First aorist active (transitive) participle of ιστημι histēmi Here all could see her and what Jesus did with such a case. They knew his proneness to forgive sinners. [source]