KJV: And there followed him a great company of people, and of women, which also bewailed and lamented him.
YLT: And there was following him a great multitude of the people, and of women, who also were beating themselves and lamenting him,
Darby: And a great multitude of the people, and of women who wailed and lamented him, followed him.
ASV: And there followed him a great multitude of the people, and of women who bewailed and lamented him.
Ἠκολούθει | Were following |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀκολουθέω Sense: to follow one who precedes, join him as his attendant, accompany him. |
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δὲ | now |
Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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πολὺ | a great |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: πολύς Sense: many, much, large. |
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πλῆθος | multitude |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: πλῆθος Sense: a multitude. |
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τοῦ | of the |
Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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λαοῦ | people |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: λαός Sense: a people, people group, tribe, nation, all those who are of the same stock and language. |
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γυναικῶν | of women |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Plural Root: γυνή Sense: a woman of any age, whether a virgin, or married, or a widow. |
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ἐκόπτοντο | were mourning |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Middle, 3rd Person Plural Root: κόπτω Sense: to cut, strike, smite. |
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ἐθρήνουν | lamenting for |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: θρηνέω Sense: to mourn, to lament. |
Greek Commentary for Luke 23:27
Imperfect active, was following. Luke 23:27-32 are peculiar to Luke. [source]
Imperfect middle of κοπτω koptō to cut, smite, old and common verb. Direct middle, they were smiting themselves on the breast. “In the Gospels there is no instance of a woman being hostile to Christ” (Plummer). Luke‘s Gospel is appropriately called the Gospel of Womanhood (1:39-56; Luke 2:36-38; Luke 7:11-15, Luke 7:37-50; Luke 8:1-3; Luke 10:38-42; Luke 11:27; Luke 13:11-16).Lamented (ετρηνουν ethrēnoun). Imperfect active of τρηνεω thrēneō old verb from τρεομαι threomai to cry aloud, lament. [source]
Imperfect active of τρηνεω thrēneō old verb from τρεομαι threomai to cry aloud, lament. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 23:27
Imperfect active, was following. Luke 23:27-32 are peculiar to Luke. [source]
Of these three words, the last is the most general in meaning, expressing every species of pain, of body or of soul, and not necessarily the outward manifestation of sorrow. Both the other words denote audible expressions of grief. Θρηνέω marks the more formal expression. It means to utter a dirge over the dead. Thus Homer, of the mourning over Hector in Troy:“On a fair couch they laid the corse, and placedSingers beside it leaders of the dirge ( θρηνων ), Who sang ( ἐθρήνεον ) a sorrowful, lamenting strain,-DIVIDER- And all the women answered it with sobs.”“Iliad,” xxiv. 720-722. The verb occurs Matthew 11:17; Luke 7:32; Luke 23:27. Κλαίω means audible weeping, the crying of children, as distinguished from δακρύω , to shed tears, to weep silently, which occurs but once in the New Testament, of Jesus' weeping (John 11:35). See on Luke 7:32. [source]
Future active of κλαιω klaiō and τρηνεω thrēneō both old words (for κλαιω klaiō see John 11:31, for τρηνεω thrēneō see Matthew 11:17), both words used of the loud lamentations so common in the east. Shall rejoice Second future passive of χαιρω chairō in violent contrast. Picture the women on the way to the Cross (Luke 23:27, εκοπτοντο και ετρηνουν ekoptonto kai ethrēnoun two descriptive imperfects) and Mary Magdalene by the tomb (John 20:11, κλαιουσα klaiousa). Ye shall be sorrowful First future passive of λυπεω lupeō word for inward grief. See the change from sorrow to joy in John 20:14-16 when “they disbelieved for joy” (Luke 24:41). So violent was the reaction on the sudden appearance of Jesus. [source]
Future middle of οραω horaō a reminiscence of Zechariah 12:10 according to the text of Theodotion (Aquila and Symmachus) rather than the lxx and like that of Matthew 24:30 (similar combination of Daniel and Zechariah) and Matthew 26:64. This picture of the victorious Christ in his return occurs also in Revelation 14:14, Revelation 14:18-20; Revelation 19:11-21; Revelation 20:7-10.And they which (και οιτινες kai hoitines). “And the very ones who,” Romans and Jews, all who shared in this act.Pierced First aorist active indicative of εκκεντεω ekkenteō late compound (Aristotle, Polybius, lxx), from εκ ek and κεντεω kenteō (to stab, to pierce), in N.T., only here and John 19:37, in both cases from Zechariah 12:10, but not the lxx text (apparently proof that John used the original Hebrew or the translation of Theodotion and Aquila).Shall mourn (κοπσονται kopsontai). Future middle (direct) of κοπτω koptō old verb, to cut, “they shall cut themselves,” as was common for mourners (Matthew 11:17; Luke 8:52; Luke 23:27). From Zechariah 12:12. See also Revelation 18:9.Tribes Not just the Jewish tribes, but the spiritual Israel of Jews and Gentiles as in Revelation 7:4-8. No nation had then accepted Christ as Lord and Saviour, nor has any yet done so. [source]
First aorist active indicative of εκκεντεω ekkenteō late compound (Aristotle, Polybius, lxx), from εκ ek and κεντεω kenteō (to stab, to pierce), in N.T., only here and John 19:37, in both cases from Zechariah 12:10, but not the lxx text (apparently proof that John used the original Hebrew or the translation of Theodotion and Aquila).Shall mourn (κοπσονται kopsontai). Future middle (direct) of κοπτω koptō old verb, to cut, “they shall cut themselves,” as was common for mourners (Matthew 11:17; Luke 8:52; Luke 23:27). From Zechariah 12:12. See also Revelation 18:9.Tribes Not just the Jewish tribes, but the spiritual Israel of Jews and Gentiles as in Revelation 7:4-8. No nation had then accepted Christ as Lord and Saviour, nor has any yet done so. [source]
Future middle (direct) of κοπτω koptō old verb, to cut, “they shall cut themselves,” as was common for mourners (Matthew 11:17; Luke 8:52; Luke 23:27). From Zechariah 12:12. See also Revelation 18:9. [source]