The Meaning of Luke 22:22 Explained

Luke 22:22

KJV: And truly the Son of man goeth, as it was determined: but woe unto that man by whom he is betrayed!

YLT: and indeed the Son of Man doth go according to what hath been determined; but woe to that man through whom he is being delivered up.'

Darby: and the Son of man indeed goes as it is determined, but woe unto that man by whom he is delivered up.

ASV: For the Son of man indeed goeth, as it hath been determined: but woe unto that man through whom he is betrayed!

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And  truly  the Son  of man  goeth,  as  it was determined:  but  woe  unto that  man  by  whom  he is betrayed! 

What does Luke 22:22 Mean?

Study Notes

Son of man
.
(See Scofield " Ezekiel 2:1 ") . Our Lord thus designates Himself about eighty times. It is His racial name as the representative Man, in the sense of 1 Corinthians 15:45-47 as Son of David is distinctly his Jewish name, and Son of God His divine name. Our Lord constantly uses this term as implying that his mission (e.g.); Matthew 11:19 ; Luke 19:10 . His death and resurrection (e.g.); Matthew 12:40 ; Matthew 20:18 ; Matthew 26:2 and His second coming (e.g.); Matthew 24:37-44 ; Luke 12:40 transcended in scope and result all merely Jewish imitations. When Nathanael confesses him as "King of Israel," our Lord's answer is, "Thou shalt see greater things.. . the angels of God ascending and descending upon the Son of man." When His messengers are cast out by the Jews, His thought leaps forward to the time when the Son of man shall come, not then to Israel only but to the race; Matthew 10:5 ; Matthew 10:6 ; Matthew 8:23 . It is in this name, also, that universal judgment is committed to Him John 5:22 ; John 5:27 . It is also a name indicating that in Him is fulfilled the O.T. foreview of blessing through a coming man. See Scofield " Genesis 1:26 "; Genesis 3:15 ; Genesis 12:3 ; Psalms 8:4 ; Psalms 80:17 ; Isaiah 7:14 ; Isaiah 9:6 ; Isaiah 9:7 ; Isaiah 32:2 ; Zechariah 13:7 ; Isaiah 32:2 ; Zechariah 13:7 .

Verse Meaning

Jesus then affirmed again that He was going to die and thereby fulfill God"s plan (cf. Acts 2:23; Acts 10:42; Acts 17:31; Romans 1:4). Luke used a strong word (Gr. horismemon, "determined" or "decreed") to stress God"s sovereignty in these affairs. The title "Son of Man" helped the disciples appreciate that this was part of God"s will for the Messiah who would reign. Jesus pronounced woe on the betrayer as He had on the religious leaders and on Jerusalem for rejecting Him. There is a play on the word "man" (Gr. anthropos). The worst of men would betray the best of men. Note also the reference to both divine sovereignty and human responsibility in this verse (cf. Acts 2:23).

Context Summary

Luke 22:14-23 - The Feast Of Love And Its Shadow
The human soul of Jesus needed this sweet fellowship with loyal friends to nerve it for its sorrows; and He desired to transmit it as a perpetual legacy for His Church in after-days. We may think of that table being elongated till it reaches down the centuries to where we are seated. Look down the long vista and at the end behold the Master Himself!
These two allusions to the kingdom of God, Luke 22:16; Luke 22:18, point onward to the marriage supper when the full purpose of redemption will be consummated. As we partake of bread for our natural strength, so spiritual strength to suffer, to resist temptation and to serve is possible only in proportion as we feed on Christ by meditation and appropriation. And let us never forget that the wine is the emblem of His blood, by which the new covenant was sealed. See Hebrews 9:18. When therefore at the sacred feast we place the wine to our lips, we may quote the provisions of that covenant, and hold God pledged to fulfill them. See Hebrews 8:8, etc. [source]

Chapter Summary: Luke 22

1  The leaders conspire against Jesus
3  Satan prepares Judas to betray him
7  The apostles prepare the Passover
19  Jesus institutes his holy supper;
21  covertly foretells of the traitor;
24  rebukes the rest of his apostles from ambition;
31  assures Peter his faith should not fail;
34  and yet he should deny him thrice
39  He prays in the mount, and sweats blood;
47  is betrayed with a kiss;
50  he heals Malchus' ear;
54  he is thrice denied by Peter;
63  shamefully abused;
66  and confesses himself to be the Son of God

Greek Commentary for Luke 22:22

As it hath been determined [κατα το ωρισμενον]
Perfect passive participle of οριζω — horizō to limit or define, mark off the border, our “horizon.” But this fact does not absolve Judas of his guilt as the “woe” here makes plain. [source]

Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 22:22

Acts 2:23 Being delivered up [εκδοτον]
Verbal adjective from εκδιδωμι — ekdidōmi to give out or over. Old word, but here only in the N.T. Delivered up by Judas, Peter means. By the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God (τηι ωρισμενηι βουληι και προγνωσηι του τεου — tēi hōrismenēi boulēi kai prognōsēi tou theou). Instrumental case. Note both purpose (βουλη — boulē) and foreknowledge (προγνωσις — prognōsis) of God and “determined” (ωρισμενη — hōrismenē perfect passive participle, state of completion). God had willed the death of Jesus (John 3:16) and the death of Judas (Acts 1:16), but that fact did not absolve Judas from his responsibility and guilt (Luke 22:22). He acted as a free moral agent. By the hand Luke is fond of these figures (hand, face, etc.) very much like the Hebrew though the vernacular of all languages uses them. Lawless men (ανομων — anomōn). Men without law, who recognize no law for their conduct, like men in high and low stations today who defy the laws of God and man. Old word, very common in the lxx. Ye did crucify First aorist active participle of προσπηγνυμι — prospēgnumi rare compound word in Dio Cassius and here only in the N.T. One must supply τωι σταυρωι — tōi staurōi and so it means “fastened to the cross,” a graphic picture like Paul‘s “nailed to the cross” Second aorist active indicative with first aorist vowel α — a instead of ο — o as is common in the Koiné. This verb αναιρεω — anaireō to take up, is often used for kill as in Acts 12:2. Note Peter‘s boldness now under the power of the Holy Spirit. He charges the people to their faces with the death of Christ. [source]
Acts 2:23 By the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God [τηι ωρισμενηι βουληι και προγνωσηι του τεου]
Instrumental case. Note both purpose God had willed the death of Jesus (John 3:16) and the death of Judas (Acts 1:16), but that fact did not absolve Judas from his responsibility and guilt (Luke 22:22). He acted as a free moral agent. [source]
Romans 1:4 Who was declared [του οριστεντος]
Articular participle (first aorist passive) of οριζω — horizō for which verb see note on Luke 22:22 and note on Acts 2:23. He was the Son of God in his preincarnate state (2 Corinthians 8:9; Philemon 2:6) and still so after his Incarnation (Romans 1:3, “of the seed of David”), but it was the Resurrection of the dead The Resurrection of Christ is the miracle of miracles. “The resurrection only declared him to be what he truly was” (Denney). [source]

What do the individual words in Luke 22:22 mean?

For the Son indeed of man according to that having been determined goes but woe to the man that by whom He is betrayed
ὅτι Υἱὸς μὲν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατὰ τὸ ὡρισμένον πορεύεται πλὴν οὐαὶ τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ ἐκείνῳ δι’ οὗ παραδίδοται

Υἱὸς  Son 
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular
Root: υἱός  
Sense: a son.
μὲν  indeed 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: μέν  
Sense: truly, certainly, surely, indeed.
ἀνθρώπου  man 
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular
Root: ἄνθρωπος  
Sense: a human being, whether male or female.
κατὰ  according  to 
Parse: Preposition
Root: κατά 
Sense: down from, through out.
τὸ  that 
Parse: Article, Accusative Neuter Singular
Root:  
Sense: this, that, these, etc.
ὡρισμένον  having  been  determined 
Parse: Verb, Perfect Participle Middle or Passive, Accusative Neuter Singular
Root: ὁρίζω  
Sense: to define.
πορεύεται  goes 
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Root: πορεύομαι  
Sense: to lead over, carry over, transfer.
οὐαὶ  woe 
Parse: Interjection
Root: οὐαί  
Sense: alas, woe.
τῷ  to  the 
Parse: Article, Dative Masculine Singular
Root:  
Sense: this, that, these, etc.
ἀνθρώπῳ  man 
Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular
Root: ἄνθρωπος  
Sense: a human being, whether male or female.
ἐκείνῳ  that 
Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Dative Masculine Singular
Root: ἐκεῖνος  
Sense: he, she it, etc.
οὗ  whom 
Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Genitive Masculine Singular
Root: ὅς 
Sense: who, which, what, that.
παραδίδοται  He  is  betrayed 
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Root: παραδίδωμι  
Sense: to give into the hands (of another).