KJV: And he went down with them, and came to Nazareth, and was subject unto them: but his mother kept all these sayings in her heart.
YLT: and he went down with them, and came to Nazareth, and he was subject to them, and his mother was keeping all these sayings in her heart,
Darby: And he went down with them and came to Nazareth, and he was in subjection to them. And his mother kept all these things in her heart.
ASV: And he went down with them, and came to Nazareth; and he was subject unto them: and his mother kept all these'sayings in her heart.
| κατέβη | He went down |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: καταβαίνω Sense: to go down, come down, descend. |
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| ἦλθεν | came |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἔρχομαι Sense: to come. |
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| Ναζαρὲθ | Nazareth |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: Ναζαρά Sense: the ordinary residence and home town of Christ. |
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| ἦν | He was |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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| ὑποτασσόμενος | subject |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὑποτάσσω Sense: to arrange under, to subordinate. |
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| αὐτοῖς | to them |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| μήτηρ | mother |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: μήτηρ Sense: a mother. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of Him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| διετήρει | was treasuring up |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: διατηρέω Sense: to keep continually or carefully. |
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| ῥήματα | matters |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: ῥῆμα Sense: that which is or has been uttered by the living voice, thing spoken, word. |
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| ‹ταῦτα› | these |
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Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: οὗτος Sense: this. |
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| καρδίᾳ | heart |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: καρδία Sense: the heart. |
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| αὐτῆς | of her |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Feminine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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Greek Commentary for Luke 2:51
Periphrastic imperfect passive. He continued subject unto them, this wondrous boy who really knew more than parents and rabbis, this gentle, obedient, affectionate boy. The next eighteen years at Nazareth (Luke 3:23) he remained growing into manhood and becoming the carpenter of Nazareth (Mark 6:3) in succession to Joseph (Matthew 13:55) who is mentioned here for the last time. Who can tell the wistful days when Jesus waited at Nazareth for the Father to call him to his Messianic task? [source]
Imperfect active. Ancient Greek word In Luke 2:19 συνετηρει sunetērei is the word used of Mary after the shepherds left. These she kept pondering and comparing all the things. Surely she has a full heart now. Could she foresee how destiny would take Jesus out beyond her mother‘s reach? [source]
The participle and finite verb, denoting habitual, continuous subjection. “Even before, he had been subject to them; but this is mentioned now, when it might seem that he could by this time have exempted himself. Not even to the angels fell such an honor as to the parents of Jesus” (Bengel). Compare Hebrews 1:4-8. [source]
Only here and Acts 15:29. The preposition διά ,through, indicates close, faithful, persistent keeping, through all the circumstances which might have weakened the impression of the events. Compare Genesis 37:11. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 2:51
Ῥῆμα ,word, as distinguished from λόγος , word, in classical Greek, signifies a constituent part of a speech or writing, as distinguished from the contents as a whole. Thus it may be either a word or a saying. Sometimes a phrase, as opposed to ὄνομα ,a single word. The distinction in the New Testament is not sharp throughout. It is maintained that ῥῆμα in the New Testament, like the Hebrew gabarstands sometimes for the subject-matter of the word; the thing, as in this passage. But there are only two other passages in the New Testament where this meaning is at all admissible, though the word occurs seventy times. These are Luke 2:15; Acts 5:32. “Kept all these things ” (Luke 2:19), should clearly be sayings, as the A. V. itself has rendered it in the almost identical passage, Luke 2:51. In Acts 5:32, Rev. gives sayings in margin. In Luke 2:15, though A. V. and Rev. render thing, the sense is evidently saying, as appears both from the connection with the angelic message and from the following words, which has come to pass: the saying which has become a fact. The Rev. rendering of this passage is, therefore, right, though a little stilted: No word of God shall be void of power; for the A. V. errs in joining οὐκ and πᾶν , not every, and translating nothing. The two do not belong together. The statement is, Every ( πᾶν ) word of God shall not ( οὐκ )be powerless. The A. V. also follows the reading, παρὰ τῷ Θεῷ ,with God; but all the later texts read παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ ,from God, which fixes the meaning beyond question. [source]
Past perfect passive periphrastic indicative, a state of completion in past time, from τρεπω trephō a common Greek verb. This visit is before that recorded in Mark 6:1-6; Matthew 13:54-58 which was just before the third tour of Galilee. Here Jesus comes back after a year of public ministry elsewhere and with a wide reputation (Luke 4:15). Luke may have in mind Luke 2:51, but for some time now Nazareth had not been his home and that fact may be implied by the past perfect tense. [source]
Genitive absolute with first aorist active participle of υστερεω hustereō old verb from υστερος husteros late or lacking. See same use in Mark 10:21. A longer Western paraphrase occurs in some manuscripts. It was an embarrassing circumstance, especially to Mary, if partly due to the arrival of the seven guests. They have no wine The statement of the fact was in itself a hint and a request. But why made by the mother of Jesus and why to Jesus? She would not, of course, make it to the host. Mary feels some kind of responsibility and exercises some kind of authority for reasons not known to us. Mary had treasured in her heart the wonders connected with the birth of Jesus (Luke 2:19, Luke 2:51). The ministry of the Baptist had stirred her hopes afresh. Had she not told Jesus all that she knew before he went to the Jordan to be baptized of John? This group of disciples meant to her that Jesus had begun his Messianic work. So she dares propose the miracle to him. [source]
Present middle participle of υποτασσω hupotassō common late compound to subject oneself to one (Luke 2:51). Either the participle is here used as an imperative (so in 1 Peter 3:1, 1 Peter 3:7) as in Romans 12:16., or the imperative εστε este has to be supplied (Robertson, Grammar, p. 945).To your masters (τοις δεσποταις tois despotais). Dative case of δεσποτης despotēs old word for absolute owner in contrast with δουλος doulos It is used also of God (Luke 2:29; Acts 4:24, Acts 4:29) and of Christ (2 Peter 2:1; Judges 1:4). Κυριος Kurios has a wider meaning and not necessarily suggesting absolute power.To the good and gentle Dative case also with the article with class. For επιεικης epieikēs see note on James 3:17. There were slave-owners (masters) like this as there are housekeepers and employers of workmen today. This is no argument for slavery, but only a sidelight on a condition bad enough at its best.To the froward (τοις σκολιοις tois skoliois). “To the crooked.” Old word, also in Luke 3:5; Acts 2:40; Philemon 2:15. Unfortunately there were slave-holders as there are employers today, like this group. The test of obedience comes precisely toward this group. [source]