KJV: And he taught daily in the temple. But the chief priests and the scribes and the chief of the people sought to destroy him,
YLT: And he was teaching daily in the temple, but the chief priests and the scribes were seeking to destroy him -- also the chiefs of the people --
Darby: And he was teaching day by day in the temple: and the chief priests and the scribes and the chief of the people sought to destroy him,
ASV: And he was teaching daily in the temple. But the chief priests and the scribes and the principal men of the people sought to destroy him:
ἦν | He was |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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διδάσκων | teaching |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: διδάσκω Sense: to teach. |
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τὸ | - |
Parse: Article, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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καθ’ | every |
Parse: Preposition Root: κατά Sense: down from, through out. |
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ἡμέραν | day |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ἡμέρα Sense: the day, used of the natural day, or the interval between sunrise and sunset, as distinguished from and contrasted with the night. |
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ἱερῷ | temple |
Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Singular Root: ἱερόν Sense: a sacred place, temple. |
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δὲ | however |
Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ἀρχιερεύς Sense: chief priest, high priest. |
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γραμματεῖς | scribes |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: γραμματεύς Sense: a clerk, scribe, esp. |
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ἐζήτουν | were seeking |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ζητέω Sense: to seek in order to find. |
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ἀπολέσαι | to destroy |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active Root: ἀπόλλυμι Sense: to destroy. |
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πρῶτοι | foremost |
Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: πρῶτος Sense: first in time or place. |
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τοῦ | of the |
Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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λαοῦ | people |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: λαός Sense: a people, people group, tribe, nation, all those who are of the same stock and language. |
Greek Commentary for Luke 19:47
Periphrastic imperfect. [source]
Note the accusative neuter article, “as to the according to the day,” very awkward English surely, but perfectly good Greek. The same idiom occurs in Luke 11:3.Sought (εζητουν ezētoun). Imperfect active, conative imperfect, were seeking, trying to seek.The principal men of the people The first men of the people. The position after the verb and apart from the chief priests and the scribes calls special attention to them. Some of these “first men” were chief priests or scribes, but not all of them. The lights and leaders of Jerusalem were bent on the destruction (απολεσαι apolesai) of Jesus. The raising of Lazarus from the dead brought them together for this action (John 11:47-53; John 12:9-11). [source]
Imperfect active, conative imperfect, were seeking, trying to seek. [source]
The first men of the people. The position after the verb and apart from the chief priests and the scribes calls special attention to them. Some of these “first men” were chief priests or scribes, but not all of them. The lights and leaders of Jerusalem were bent on the destruction (απολεσαι apolesai) of Jesus. The raising of Lazarus from the dead brought them together for this action (John 11:47-53; John 12:9-11). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Luke 19:47
First aorist active deliberative subjunctive in a direct question retained in the indirect. Note the article το to (neuter accusative) with the question.Hung upon him (εχεκρεμετο αυτου exekremeto autou). Imperfect middle of εκκρεμαμαι ekkremamai an old verb (μι mi form) to hang from, here only in the N.T. The form is an ομεγα omega form from εκκρεμομαι ekkremomai a constant tendency to the ομεγα omega form in the Koiné. It pictures the whole nation (save the leaders in Luke 19:47) hanging upon the words of Jesus as if in suspense in mid-air, rapt attention that angered these same leaders. Tyndale renders it “stuck by him.” [source]
Imperfect middle of εκκρεμαμαι ekkremamai an old verb (μι mi form) to hang from, here only in the N.T. The form is an ομεγα omega form from εκκρεμομαι ekkremomai a constant tendency to the ομεγα omega form in the Koiné. It pictures the whole nation (save the leaders in Luke 19:47) hanging upon the words of Jesus as if in suspense in mid-air, rapt attention that angered these same leaders. Tyndale renders it “stuck by him.” [source]
Second aorist active indicative, ingressive aorist of επιστημι ephistēmi old and common verb, stood up against him, with the notion of sudden appearance. These leaders (cf. Luke 19:47) had determined to attack Jesus on this morning, both Sadducees (chief priests) and Pharisees (scribes), a formal delegation from the Sanhedrin. [source]
Luke sometimes has ην διδασκων autos in the nominative as unemphatic “he” as here, not “he himself.”Was teaching (ησαν κατημενοι ēn didaskōn). Periphrastic imperfect again like our English idiom.Were sitting by Periphrastic imperfect again. There is no “by” in the Greek.Doctors of the law (ιεροδιδασκαλος nomodidaskaloi). A compound word formed after analogy of γραμματεις hierodidaskalos but not found outside of the N.T. and ecclesiastical writers, one of the very few words apparently N.T. in usage. It appears here and Acts 5:34; 1 Timothy 1:7. It is not likely that Luke and Paul made the word, but they simply used the term already in current use to describe teachers and interpreters of the law. Our word “doctor” is Latin for “teacher.” These “teachers of the law” are called elsewhere in the Gospels “scribes” (νομικος grammateis) as in Matthew and Mark (See note on Matthew 5:20; Matthew 23:34) and Luke 5:21; Luke 19:47; Luke 21:1; Luke 22:2. Luke also employs νομος nomikos (one skilled in the law, οι γραμματεις και οι Παρισαιοι nomos) as in Luke 10:25. One thinks of our LL.D. (Doctors of Civil and Canon Law), for both were combined in Jewish law. They were usually Pharisees (mentioned here for the first time in Luke) for which see note on Matthew 3:7, note on Matthew 5:20. Luke will often speak of the Pharisees hereafter. Not all the “Pharisees” were “teachers of the law” so that both terms often occur together as in Luke 5:21 where Luke has separate articles (οι ησαν εληλυτοτες hoi grammateis kai hoi Pharisaioi), distinguishing between them, though one article may occur as in Matthew 5:20 or no article as here in Matthew 5:17. Luke alone mentions the presence here of these Pharisees and doctors of the law “which were come” (εκ πασης κωμης της Γαλιλαιας και Ιουδαιας και Ιερουσαλημ hoi ēsan elēluthotes periphrastic past perfect active, had come).Out of every village of Galilee and Judea and Jerusalem Edersheim (Jewish Social Life) observes that the Jews distinguished Jerusalem as a separate district in Judea. Plummer considers it hyperbole in Luke to use “every village.” But one must recall that Jesus had already made one tour of Galilee which stirred the Pharisees and rabbis to active opposition. Judea had already been aroused and Jerusalem was the headquarters of the definite campaign now organized against Jesus. One must bear in mind that John 4:1-4 shows that Jesus had already left Jerusalem and Judea because of the jealousy of the Pharisees. They are here on purpose to find fault and to make charges against Jesus. One must not forget that there were many kinds of Pharisees and that not all of them were as bad as these legalistic and punctilious hypocrites who deserved the indictment and exposure of Christ in Matthew 23. Paul himself is a specimen of the finer type of Pharisee which, however, developed into the persecuting fanatic till Jesus changed his whole life.The power of the Lord was with him to heal (Κυριου dunamis Kuriou ēn eis to iāsthai auton). So the best texts. It is neat Greek, but awkward English: “Then was the power of the Lord for the healing as to him (Jesus).” Here δυναμεις Kuriou refers to Jehovah.Dunamis (dynamite) is one of the common words for “miracles” What Luke means is that Jesus had the power of the Lord God to heal with. He does not mean that this power was intermittent. He simply calls attention to its presence with Jesus on this occasion. [source]
Periphrastic imperfect again. There is no “by” in the Greek.Doctors of the law (ιεροδιδασκαλος nomodidaskaloi). A compound word formed after analogy of γραμματεις hierodidaskalos but not found outside of the N.T. and ecclesiastical writers, one of the very few words apparently N.T. in usage. It appears here and Acts 5:34; 1 Timothy 1:7. It is not likely that Luke and Paul made the word, but they simply used the term already in current use to describe teachers and interpreters of the law. Our word “doctor” is Latin for “teacher.” These “teachers of the law” are called elsewhere in the Gospels “scribes” (νομικος grammateis) as in Matthew and Mark (See note on Matthew 5:20; Matthew 23:34) and Luke 5:21; Luke 19:47; Luke 21:1; Luke 22:2. Luke also employs νομος nomikos (one skilled in the law, οι γραμματεις και οι Παρισαιοι nomos) as in Luke 10:25. One thinks of our LL.D. (Doctors of Civil and Canon Law), for both were combined in Jewish law. They were usually Pharisees (mentioned here for the first time in Luke) for which see note on Matthew 3:7, note on Matthew 5:20. Luke will often speak of the Pharisees hereafter. Not all the “Pharisees” were “teachers of the law” so that both terms often occur together as in Luke 5:21 where Luke has separate articles (οι ησαν εληλυτοτες hoi grammateis kai hoi Pharisaioi), distinguishing between them, though one article may occur as in Matthew 5:20 or no article as here in Matthew 5:17. Luke alone mentions the presence here of these Pharisees and doctors of the law “which were come” (εκ πασης κωμης της Γαλιλαιας και Ιουδαιας και Ιερουσαλημ hoi ēsan elēluthotes periphrastic past perfect active, had come).Out of every village of Galilee and Judea and Jerusalem Edersheim (Jewish Social Life) observes that the Jews distinguished Jerusalem as a separate district in Judea. Plummer considers it hyperbole in Luke to use “every village.” But one must recall that Jesus had already made one tour of Galilee which stirred the Pharisees and rabbis to active opposition. Judea had already been aroused and Jerusalem was the headquarters of the definite campaign now organized against Jesus. One must bear in mind that John 4:1-4 shows that Jesus had already left Jerusalem and Judea because of the jealousy of the Pharisees. They are here on purpose to find fault and to make charges against Jesus. One must not forget that there were many kinds of Pharisees and that not all of them were as bad as these legalistic and punctilious hypocrites who deserved the indictment and exposure of Christ in Matthew 23. Paul himself is a specimen of the finer type of Pharisee which, however, developed into the persecuting fanatic till Jesus changed his whole life.The power of the Lord was with him to heal (Κυριου dunamis Kuriou ēn eis to iāsthai auton). So the best texts. It is neat Greek, but awkward English: “Then was the power of the Lord for the healing as to him (Jesus).” Here δυναμεις Kuriou refers to Jehovah.Dunamis (dynamite) is one of the common words for “miracles” What Luke means is that Jesus had the power of the Lord God to heal with. He does not mean that this power was intermittent. He simply calls attention to its presence with Jesus on this occasion. [source]
A compound word formed after analogy of γραμματεις hierodidaskalos but not found outside of the N.T. and ecclesiastical writers, one of the very few words apparently N.T. in usage. It appears here and Acts 5:34; 1 Timothy 1:7. It is not likely that Luke and Paul made the word, but they simply used the term already in current use to describe teachers and interpreters of the law. Our word “doctor” is Latin for “teacher.” These “teachers of the law” are called elsewhere in the Gospels “scribes” (νομικος grammateis) as in Matthew and Mark (See note on Matthew 5:20; Matthew 23:34) and Luke 5:21; Luke 19:47; Luke 21:1; Luke 22:2. Luke also employs νομος nomikos (one skilled in the law, οι γραμματεις και οι Παρισαιοι nomos) as in Luke 10:25. One thinks of our LL.D. (Doctors of Civil and Canon Law), for both were combined in Jewish law. They were usually Pharisees (mentioned here for the first time in Luke) for which see note on Matthew 3:7, note on Matthew 5:20. Luke will often speak of the Pharisees hereafter. Not all the “Pharisees” were “teachers of the law” so that both terms often occur together as in Luke 5:21 where Luke has separate articles (οι ησαν εληλυτοτες hoi grammateis kai hoi Pharisaioi), distinguishing between them, though one article may occur as in Matthew 5:20 or no article as here in Matthew 5:17. Luke alone mentions the presence here of these Pharisees and doctors of the law “which were come” (εκ πασης κωμης της Γαλιλαιας και Ιουδαιας και Ιερουσαλημ hoi ēsan elēluthotes periphrastic past perfect active, had come). [source]
This use of πρωτος prōtos for the leading men of a city or among the Jews we have already had in Acts 13:50; Acts 25:2; Luke 19:47. Literally, “Those that were first among the Jews.” The position of the participle οντας ontas between the article and the adjective πρωτους prōtous is regular (Robertson, Grammar, p. 777). [source]