The Meaning of Joshua 9:4 Explained

Joshua 9:4

KJV: They did work wilily, and went and made as if they had been ambassadors, and took old sacks upon their asses, and wine bottles, old, and rent, and bound up;

YLT: and they work, even they, with subtilty, and go, and feign to be ambassadors, and take old sacks for their asses, and wine-bottles, old, and rent, and bound up,

Darby: then they also acted with craft, and they went prepared as on a journey, and took old sacks upon their asses, and wine-flasks, old and rent and tied up;

ASV: they also did work wilily, and went and made as if they had been ambassadors, and took old sacks upon their asses, and wine-skins, old and rent and bound up,

KJV Reverse Interlinear

They did work  wilily,  and went  and made as if they had been ambassadors,  and took  old  sacks  upon their asses,  and wine  bottles,  old,  and rent,  and bound up; 

What does Joshua 9:4 Mean?

Context Summary

Joshua 9:1-15 - Deceived By The Gibeonites
The presence of common peril forced the nations of Canaan to combine for self-preservation. Would that the various sections of the visible Church might see their way to a similar policy in view of the evil in the world!
Gibeon lay five miles north of Jerusalem. The name means "built on a hill." The Church has suffered more from the wiles of the devil than from his attacks. The deceitfulness of sin is most to be dreaded. Better to meet Caiaphas than Judas, and a black devil than a white one.
How often we act without asking the counsel of God! Yet when once an oath is taken which does not absolutely conflict with morality, God holds us to it, 2 Samuel 21:1. By this impressive instance we are taught to wait on God before making our decisions, which are apt to become irrevocable, Psalms 127:2. [source]

Chapter Summary: Joshua 9

1  The kings combine against Israel
3  The Gibeonites by craft obtain a league
22  They are condemned to perpetual bondage

What do the individual words in Joshua 9:4 mean?

and worked also they craftily and went and pretended to be ambassadors and they took sacks old on their donkeys and wineskins old and torn and mended
וַיַּעֲשׂ֤וּ גַם־ הֵ֙מָּה֙ בְּעָרְמָ֔ה וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ וַיִּצְטַיָּ֑רוּ וַיִּקְח֞וּ שַׂקִּ֤ים בָּלִים֙ לַחֲמ֣וֹרֵיהֶ֔ם וְנֹאד֥וֹת יַ֙יִן֙ בָּלִ֔ים וּמְבֻקָּעִ֖ים וּמְצֹרָרִֽים

וַיַּעֲשׂ֤וּ  and  worked 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine plural
Root: עָשָׂה 
Sense: to do, fashion, accomplish, make.
גַם־  also 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: גַּם  
Sense: also, even, indeed, moreover, yea.
בְּעָרְמָ֔ה  craftily 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, feminine singular
Root: עָרְמָה  
Sense: shrewdness, craftiness, prudence.
וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ  and  went 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine plural
Root: הָלַךְ  
Sense: to go, walk, come.
וַיִּצְטַיָּ֑רוּ  and  pretended  to  be  ambassadors 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Hitpael, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine plural
Root: צִיר 
Sense: (BDB) (Hithpael) to supply oneself with provisions, take as one’s provision.
וַיִּקְח֞וּ  and  they  took 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine plural
Root: יָקַח 
Sense: to take, get, fetch, lay hold of, seize, receive, acquire, buy, bring, marry, take a wife, snatch, take away.
שַׂקִּ֤ים  sacks 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural
Root: שַׂק  
Sense: mesh, sackcloth, sack, sacking.
בָּלִים֙  old 
Parse: Adjective, masculine plural
Root: בָּלֶה  
Sense: worn out, old.
לַחֲמ֣וֹרֵיהֶ֔ם  on  their  donkeys 
Parse: Preposition-l, Noun, masculine plural construct, third person masculine plural
Root: חֲמֹור 
Sense: (he)ass.
יַ֙יִן֙  wineskins 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: יַיִן  
Sense: wine.
בָּלִ֔ים  old 
Parse: Adjective, masculine plural
Root: בָּלֶה  
Sense: worn out, old.
וּמְבֻקָּעִ֖ים  and  torn 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Pual, Participle, masculine plural
Root: בָּקַע  
Sense: to split, cleave, break open, divide, break through, rip up, break up, tear.
וּמְצֹרָרִֽים  and  mended 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Pual, Participle, masculine plural
Root: צָרַר 
Sense: to bind, be narrow, be in distress, make narrow, cause distress, besiege, be straitened, be bound.