The Meaning of Joshua 12:5 Explained

Joshua 12:5

KJV: And reigned in mount Hermon, and in Salcah, and in all Bashan, unto the border of the Geshurites and the Maachathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

YLT: and ruling in mount Hermon, and in Salcah, and in all Bashan, unto the border of the Geshurite, and the Maachathite, and the half of Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

Darby: and ruled over mount Hermon, and over Salcah, and over all Bashan, as far as the border of the Geshurites and the Maachathites, and over half Gilead as far as the border of Sihon the king of Heshbon.

ASV: and ruled in mount Hermon, and in Salecah, and in all Bashan, unto the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and half Gilead, the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And reigned  in mount  Hermon,  and in Salcah,  and in all Bashan,  unto the border  of the Geshurites  and the Maachathites,  and half  Gilead,  the border  of Sihon  king  of Heshbon. 

What does Joshua 12:5 Mean?

Chapter Summary: Joshua 12

1  The two kings whose countries Moses took and disposed of
7  The thirty-one kings on the other side of Jordan which Joshua smote

What do the individual words in Joshua 12:5 mean?

and reigned over Mount Hermon and over Salcah and over all Bashan as far as the border of the Geshurite and the Maachathite and over half of Gilead [to] the border of Sihon king of Heshbon
וּ֠מֹשֵׁל בְּהַ֨ר חֶרְמ֤וֹן וּבְסַלְכָה֙ וּבְכָל־ הַבָּשָׁ֔ן עַד־ גְּב֥וּל הַגְּשׁוּרִ֖י וְהַמַּעֲכָתִ֑י וַחֲצִי֙ הַגִּלְעָ֔ד גְּב֖וּל סִיח֥וֹן מֶֽלֶךְ־ חֶשְׁבּֽוֹן

וּ֠מֹשֵׁל  and  reigned 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine singular
Root: מָשַׁל  
Sense: to rule, have dominion, reign.
בְּהַ֨ר  over  Mount 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: הַר  
Sense: hill, mountain, hill country, mount.
חֶרְמ֤וֹן  Hermon 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: חֶרְמֹון  
Sense: a mountain on the northeastern border of Palestine and Lebanon and overlooking the border city of Dan.
וּבְסַלְכָה֙  and  over  Salcah 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: סַלְכָה  
Sense: a town or district at the extreme eastern limit of Bashan and allocated to the tribe of Gad; modern ‘Sulkhad’ which is 56 miles (90 km) east of the Jordan at the southern extremity of the Hauran mountain range.
וּבְכָל־  and  over  all 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: כֹּל  
Sense: all, the whole.
הַבָּשָׁ֔ן  Bashan 
Parse: Article, Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: בָּשָׁן 
Sense: a district east of the Jordan known for its fertility which was given to the half-tribe of Manasseh.
עַד־  as  far  as 
Parse: Preposition
Root: עַד  
Sense: as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as.
גְּב֥וּל  the  border 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: גְּבוּל  
Sense: border, territory.
הַגְּשׁוּרִ֖י  of  the  Geshurite 
Parse: Article, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: גְּשׁוּרִי  
Sense: inhabitants of Geshur.
וְהַמַּעֲכָתִ֑י  and  the  Maachathite 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Article, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: מַעֲכָתִי  
Sense: used of one of David’s mighty warriors.
וַחֲצִי֙  and  over  half 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: חֲצִי 
Sense: half.
הַגִּלְעָ֔ד  of  Gilead 
Parse: Article, Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: גִּלְעָד  
Sense: a mountainous region bounded on the west by the Jordan, on the north by Bashan, on the east by the Arabian plateau, and on the south by Moab and Ammon; sometimes called ‘Mount Gilead’ or the ‘land of Gilead’ or just ‘Gilead’.
גְּב֖וּל  [to]  the  border 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: גְּבוּל  
Sense: border, territory.
סִיח֥וֹן  of  Sihon 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: סִיחֹון  
Sense: king of the Amorites at the time of the conquest and defeated by Moses in Transjordan.
מֶֽלֶךְ־  king 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: מֶלֶךְ 
Sense: king.
חֶשְׁבּֽוֹן  of  Heshbon 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: חֶשְׁבֹּון  
Sense: the capital city of Sihon, king of the Amorites, located on the western border of the high plain and on the border line between the tribes of Reuben and Gad.