Probably Jesus healed this man in Jerusalem ( John 8:59), perhaps on the day following the events just narrated in or near the temple. [1] John apparently noted that the man had been blind from birth to prove his helpless condition and to compare him with those who were spiritually blind from birth (cf. John 9:39-41; 2 Corinthians 4:4; Ephesians 2:1-3). While the Synoptics record several instances in which blind people received their sight, this is the only case of this happening to a man who was born blind. The miracle also illustrates the origin and development of faith. [source][source][source]
Context Summary
John 9:1-12 - Jesus Opens Blind Eyes
At the close of the previous chapter our Lord bore the contradiction of sinners against Himself. The Jews had caught up the stones gathered to repair the Temple, in order to inflict the doom of the blasphemer; but Jesus passed through them unscathed and began to descend the great steps. To human gaze there was need for Jesus to hasten from His foes, John 8:59; in His thought there was greater need to heal this blind beggar. In the most leisurely manner, therefore, He made clay and wrought this miracle of sight. His heart was at rest in God. No great thing is wrought by those who live in perpetual ferment. Through the quiet heart God works His own works, and there will be time enough to get them all done before "the night cometh when no man can work," John 9:4.
Our Lord perceived that beneath the unpromising exterior of this man were elements of nobility, which He set Himself to elicit. The clay which the man found suddenly applied to his eyes awakened wonder, hope, expectation, and faith. It was a ladder by which he climbed from the pit of despair to the mount of joy. The walk to Siloam was a further venture of faith; but there were other steps to be taken ere he attained to the full stature of his discipleship. Some were forced on him by opposition; to others he was led by Christ Himself. [source]
Chapter Summary: John 9
1The man born blind is restored to sight 8He is brought to the Pharisees 13They are offended at it; 35but he is received of Jesus, and confesses him 39Who they are whom Jesus enlightens
Greek Commentary for John 9:1
As he passed by [παραγων] Present active participle of παραγω paragō old verb to go along, by, or past (Matthew 20:30). Only example in this Gospel, but in 1 John 2:8,1 John 2:17. The day was after the stirring scenes in chapter 8, but not at the feast of dedication as Westcott argues. That comes three months later (John 10:22). From his birth Ablative case with εκ ek of old word from γενω γινομαι genō class="normal greek">τυπλος εκ γενετης ginomai Here alone in N.T., but the phrase tuphlos ek genetēs is common in Greek writers. Probably a well-known character with his stand as a beggar (John 9:5). [source]
From his birth [εκ γενετης] Ablative case with εκ ek of old word from γενω γινομαι genō class="normal greek">τυπλος εκ γενετης ginomai Here alone in N.T., but the phrase tuphlos ek genetēs is common in Greek writers. Probably a well-known character with his stand as a beggar (John 9:5). [source]
From his birth [ἐκ γενετῆς] The word only here in the New Testament. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 9:1
Matthew 1:1Christ [Χριστός] Properly an adjective, not a noun, and meaning anointed ( Χρίω , to anoint). It is a translation of the Hebrew Messiah, the king and spiritual ruler from David's race, promised under that name in the Old Testament (Psalm 2:2; Daniel 9:25,Daniel 9:26). Hence Andrew says to Simon, “We have found the Messiah, which is, being interpreted, Christ (John 1:41; compare Acts 4:27; Acts 10:38; Acts 19:28). To us “Christ “has become a proper name, and is therefore written without the definite article; but, in the body of the gospel narratives, since the identity of Jesus with the promised Messiah is still in question with the people, the article is habitually used, and the name should therefore be translated “the Christ.” After the resurrection, when the recognition of Jesus as Messiah has become general, we find the word beginning to be used as a proper name, with or without the article. In this passage it omits the article, because it occurs in the heading of the chapter, and expresses the evangelist's own faith in Jesus as the Messiah. Anointing was applied to kings (1 Samuel 9:16; 1 Samuel 10:1), to prophets (1 Kings 19:16), and to priests (Exodus 29:29; Exodus 40:15; Leviticus 16:32) at their inauguration. “The Lord's anointed” was a common title of the king (1 Samuel 12:3,1 Samuel 12:5; 2 Samuel 1:14,2 Samuel 1:16). Prophets are called “Messiahs,” or anointed ones (1 Chronicles 16:22; Psalm 105:15). Cyrus is also called “the Lord's Anointed,” because called to the throne to deliver the Jews out of captivity (Isaiah 45:1). Hence the word” Christ” was representative of our Lord, who united in himself the offices of king, prophet, and priest. -DIVIDER-
-DIVIDER-
It is interesting to see how anointing attaches to our Lord in other and minor particulars. Anointing was an act of hospitality and a sign of festivity and cheerfulness. Jesus was anointed by the woman when a guest in the house of Simon the Pharisee, and rebuked his host for omitting this mark of respect toward hint (Luke 7:35,Luke 7:46). In the Epistle to the Hebrews (Hebrews 1:8,Hebrews 1:9), the words of the Messianic psalm (Psalm 45:7) are applied to Jesus, “God, even thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.”-DIVIDER-
Anointing was practised upon the sick (Mark 6:13; Luke 10:34:; James 5:14). Jesus, “the Great Physician,” is described by Isaiah (Isaiah 61:1,Isaiah 61:2; compare Luke 4:18) as anointed by God to bind up the broken-hearted, and to give the mournful the oil of joy for mourning. He himself anointed the eyes of the blind man (John 9:6,John 9:11); and the twelve, in his name, “anointed with oil many that were sick, and healed them” (Mark 6:13). -DIVIDER-
-DIVIDER-
Anointing was practised upon the dead. Of her who brake the alabaster upon his head at Bethany, Jesus said, “She hath anointed my body aforehand for the burying” (Mark 14:8; see, also, Luke 23:56). [source]
John 9:6Anointed [ἐπέχρισε] Only here and John 9:11. The spittle was regarded as having a peculiar virtue, not only as a remedy for diseases of the eye, but generally as a charm, so that it was employed in incantations. Persius, describing an old crone handling an infant, says: “She takes the babe from the cradle, and with her middle finger moistens its forehead and lips with spittle to keep away the evil eye” (“Sat.,” ii., 32,33). Tacitus relates how one of the common people of Alexandria importuned Vespasian for a remedy for his blindness, and prayed him to sprinkle his cheeks and the balls of his eyes with the secretion of his mouth (“History,” iv., 81). Pliny says: “We are to believe that by continually anointing each morning with fasting saliva (i.e., before eating), inflammations of the eyes are prevented” (“Natural History,” xxviii., 7). Some editors read here ἐπέθηκεν , put upon, for ἐπέχρισεν , anointed. [source]
John 9:18The Jews [] Notice the change from the Pharisees. The Pharisees had already divided on this miracle (John 9:16). The Jews represent that section which was hostile to Jesus. [source]
John 9:16Keepeth not the Sabbath [] A Rabbinical precept declares, “It is forbidden to apply even fasting-spittle to the eyes on the Sabbath.” The words in John 9:14, made the clay, also mark a specific point of offense. [source]
John 5:2Pool [κολυμβήθρα] In the New Testament only in this chapter and John 9:7,John 9:11. Properly, a pool for swimming, from κολυμβάω , to dive. In Ecclesiastes 2:6(Sept.) it is used of a reservoir in a garden. The Hebrew word is from the verb to kneel down, and means, therefore, a kneeling-place for cattle or men when drinking. In ecclesiastical language, the baptismal font, and the baptistery itself. [source]
John 1:24They which were sent were [εὐθύνατε τὴν ὁδον] Literally, those having been sent were. But the best texts omit the article, so that the remaining words form the pluperfect passive: “they had been sent from the Pharisees.” This addition of an explanatory circumstance is characteristic of John. Compare John 1:41,John 1:45; John 9:14; John 11:5,John 11:18; John 13:23. [source]
John 13:7I thou [εγω συ] Jesus repeats the pronouns used by Peter in similar contrast. Not now Just now γνωσηι δε μετα ταυτα arti means (John 9:19,John 9:25). Used again by Jesus (John 13:33) and Peter (John 13:37). But thou shalt understand hereafter Future middle of οιδα ginōskō (instead of the verb oida) to know by experience. “Thou shalt learn after these things,” even if slowly. [source]
John 16:31Do ye now believe? [αρτι πιστευετε] For αρτι arti (just now) see John 9:19; John 13:33,John 13:37. Their belief in Christ was genuine as far as it went, but perils await them of which they are ignorant. They are too self-confident as their despair at Christ‘s death shows. [source]
John 5:9Took up his bed and walked [ηρε τον κραβαττον αυτου και περιεπατει] The same distinction in tenses in the same verbs preserved, punctiliar action in ηρε ēre (first aorist active of αιρω airō took it up at once) and linear act (imperfect active of περιπατεω peripateō went on walking). The sabbath on that day The first of the violations of the Sabbath rules of the Jews by Jesus in Jerusalem that led to so much bitterness (cf. John 9:14,John 9:16). This controversy will spread to Galilee on Christ‘s return there (Mark 2:23-3:6; Matthew 12:1-14; Luke 6:1-11). [source]
John 6:52Strove [εμαχοντο] Imperfect (inchoative) middle of μαχομαι machomai to fight in armed combat (Acts 7:26), then to wage a war of words as here and 2 Timothy 2:24. They were already murmuring (John 6:41), now they began bitter strife with one another over the last words of Jesus (John 6:43-51), some probably seeing a spiritual meaning in them. There was division of opinion about Jesus in Jerusalem also later (John 7:12,John 7:40; John 9:16; John 10:19). How can? The very idiom used by Nicodemus in John 3:4,John 3:9. Here scornful disbelief. This man Contemptuous use pictured in John 6:42. His flesh to eat As if we were cannibals! Some MSS. do not have αυτου autou but the meaning is clear. The mystical appropriation of Christ by the believer (Galatians 2:20; Ephesians 3:17) they could not comprehend, though some apparently were against this literal interpretation of “flesh” (σαρχ sarx). [source]
John 7:11The Jews [οι Ιουδαιοι] The hostile leaders in Jerusalem, not the Galilean crowds (John 7:12) nor the populace in Jerusalem (John 7:25). Sought Imperfect active of ζητεω zēteō “were seeking,” picture of the attitude of the Jewish leaders toward Jesus who had not yet appeared in public at the feast. In fact he had avoided Jerusalem since the collision in chapter 5. The leaders clearly wished to attack him. Where is he? “Where is that one? (emphatic use of εκεινος ekeinos as in John 1:8; John 9:12). Jesus had been at two feasts during his ministry (passover in John 2:12.; possibly another passover in John 5:1), but he had avoided the preceding passover (John 6:4; John 7:1). The leaders in Jerusalem had kept in touch with Christ‘s work in Galilee. They anticipate a crisis in Jerusalem. [source]
John 9:6He spat on the ground [επτυσεν χαμαι] First aorist active indicative of the old verb πτυω ptuō for which see Mark 7:33. Χαμαι Chamai is an old adverb either in the dative or locative (sense suits locative), in N.T. only here and John 18:6. Jesus was not asked to cure this man. The curative effects of saliva are held in many places. The Jews held saliva efficacious for eye-trouble, but it was forbidden on the Sabbath. “That Jesus supposed some virtue lay in the application of the clay is contradicted by the fact that in other cases of blindness He did not use it” (Dods). Cf. Mark 8:23. Why he here accommodated himself to current belief we do not know unless it was to encourage the man to believe. He made clay Only use of πηλος pēlos old word for clay, in N.T. in this chapter and Romans 9:21. The kneading of the clay and spittle added another offense against the Sabbath rules of the rabbis. Anointed his eyes with the clay First aorist active indicative of επιχριω epichriō old verb, to spread on, anoint, here only and John 9:11 in N.T. “He spread the clay upon his eyes.” B C read επετηκεν epethēken (first aorist active indicative of επιτιτημι epitithēmi to put on). [source]
John 9:9Nay but he is like him [Ουχι αλλα ομοιος αυτωι εστιν] Vigorous denial (αυτοι ouchi) and mere similarity suggested. Associative instrumental case ομοιος autoi after εκεινος ελεγεν homoios The crowd is divided. He said (ekeinos elegen). Emphatic demonstrative (as in John 9:11,John 9:12,John 9:25,John 9:36), “That one spake up.” He knew. [source]
John 9:17Unto the blind man again [τωι τυπλωι παλιν] The doctors disagree and they ask the patient whose story they had already heard (John 9:15). In that he opened thine eyes Causal use of οτι hoti and triple augment in the first aorist active indicative of ανοιγω anoigō They offer the excuse that the man‘s experience particularly qualified him to explain the “how,” overlooking the fact he had already told his story and also trying to conceal their own hopeless division of opinion. He is a prophet The man will go that far anyhow. [source]
John 9:18The Jews [οι Ιουδαιοι] Probably the incredulous and hostile section of the Pharisees in John 9:16 (cf. John 5:10). Did not believe The facts told by the man, “that he had been blind and had received his sight” Usual construction of εως οτου heōs hotou (= until which time, like εως heōs alone) with aorist active indicative of πωνεω phōneō old verb from πωνη phōnē (voice, sound). They called out loud for his parents to throw light on this grave problem to cover up their own stupidity. [source]
John 9:20We know that this is our son, and that he was born blind [Οιδαμεν οτι ουτος εστιν ο υιος ημων και οτι τυπλος εγεννητη] These two questions the parents answer clearly and thus cut the ground from under the disbelief of these Pharisees as to the fact of the cure (John 9:18). So these Pharisees made a failure here. [source]
John 9:21But how he now seeth we know not [πως δε νυν βλεπει ουκ οιδαμεν] Concerning the third question they profess ignorance both as to the “how” Opened First aorist active indicative with single augment of ανοιγω anoigō same form as ηνεωιχεν ēneōixen (triple augment) in John 9:17. They were not witnesses of the cure and had the story only from the son as the Pharisees had. He is of age “He has maturity of age.” He is an adult. A regular classical phrase in Plato, etc. The parents were wholly right and within their rights. [source]
John 9:26What did he do to thee? [Τι εποιησεν σοι] Another cross-examination, now admitting that Jesus opened his eyes and wishing again (John 9:15,John 9:17) to know “how.” [source]
John 9:24A second time [εκ δευτερου] He had given the Pharisees the facts the first time (John 9:15). It was really the third time (see παλιν palin in John 9:17). Now it was like a joke unless the Pharisees meant to imply that his previous story was untrue. Give glory to God Second aorist active imperative of διδωμι didōmi (cf. σχεσ ες sches class="normal greek">αμαρτωλος εστιν hes). This phrase does not mean gratitude to God as in Luke 17:18. It is rather an adjuration to speak the truth (Joshua 7:19; 1 Samuel 6:5) as if he had not done it before. Augustine says: “Quid est Da gloriam Deo? Nega quod accepisti. ” Is a sinner (δικαιος hamartōlos estin). They can no longer deny the fact of the cure since the testimony of the parents (John 9:19) and now wish the man to admit that he was lying in saying that Jesus healed him. He must accept their ecclesiastical authority as proving that Jesus had nothing to do with the cure since Jesus is a sinner. They wish to decide the fact by logic and authority like all persecutors through the ages. Recall the Pharisaic distinction between αμαρτωλος dikaios (righteous) and hamartōlos (sinner). [source]
John 9:24Give glory to God [δος δοχαν τωι τεωι] Second aorist active imperative of διδωμι didōmi (cf. σχεσ ες sches class="normal greek">αμαρτωλος εστιν hes). This phrase does not mean gratitude to God as in Luke 17:18. It is rather an adjuration to speak the truth (Joshua 7:19; 1 Samuel 6:5) as if he had not done it before. Augustine says: “Quid est Da gloriam Deo? Nega quod accepisti. ” Is a sinner (δικαιος hamartōlos estin). They can no longer deny the fact of the cure since the testimony of the parents (John 9:19) and now wish the man to admit that he was lying in saying that Jesus healed him. He must accept their ecclesiastical authority as proving that Jesus had nothing to do with the cure since Jesus is a sinner. They wish to decide the fact by logic and authority like all persecutors through the ages. Recall the Pharisaic distinction between αμαρτωλος dikaios (righteous) and hamartōlos (sinner). [source]
John 9:27I told you even now [ειπον υμιν ηδη] In John 9:15,John 9:17,John 9:25. Would ye also become his disciples? Negative answer formally expected, but the keenest irony in this gibe. Clearly the healed man knew from the use of “also” (και kai) that Jesus had some “disciples” (ματηται mathētai predicate nominative with the infinitive γενεσται genesthai) and that the Pharisees knew that fact. “Do ye also (like the Galilean mob) wish, etc.” See John 7:45-52. It cut to the bone. [source]
John 9:28They reviled him [ελοιδορησαν αυτον] First aorist active indicative of λοιδορεω loidoreō old verb from λοιδορος loidoros (reviler, 1 Corinthians 5:11), in N.T. only here, Acts 23:4; 1 Corinthians 4:12; 1 Peter 2:23. Thou art his disciple Probably a fling in εκεινου ekeinou (of that fellow). He had called him a prophet (John 9:17) and became a joyful follower later (John 9:36-38). But we are disciples of Moses This they said with proud scorn of the healed beggar. All orthodox rabbis so claimed. [source]
John 9:31God does not hear sinners [ο τεος αμαρτωλων ουκ ακουει] Note genitive case with ακουει akouei This was the argument of the Pharisees in John 9:16. It is frequent in the O.T. (Job 27:9; Psalm 66:18; Isaiah 1:15; Isaiah 59:2, etc.). The conclusion is inevitable from this premise. Jesus is not αμαρτωλος hamartōlos If any man be a worshipper of God Condition of third class with εαν ean and present active subjunctive ηι ēi Τεοσεβης Theosebēs Same condition with present active subjunctive of ποιεω poieō “keep on doing his will.” [source]
Acts 22:13I looked up on him [αναβλεπσα εις αυτον] First aorist active indicative and same word as αναβλεπσον anablepson (Receive thy sight). Hence here the verb means as the margin of the Revised Version has it: “I received my sight and looked upon him.” For “look up” see note on John 9:11. [source]
Romans 9:21Or hath not the potter a right over the clay? [η ουκ εχει εχουσιαν ο κεραμευς του πηλου] This question, expecting an affirmative answer, is Paul‘s reply to the previous one, “Why didst thou make me thus?” Πηλος Pēlos old word for clay, is mud or wet clay in John 9:6,John 9:11,John 9:14. The old word for potter (κεραμευς kerameus) in N.T. only here and Matthew 27:7,Matthew 27:10. [source]
1 Corinthians 1:10Through the name [δια του ονοματος] Genitive, not accusative (cause or reason), as the medium or instrument of the appeal (2 Corinthians 10:1; Romans 12:1; Romans 15:30). That (ινα hina). Purport (sub-final) rather than direct purpose, common idiom in Koiné{[28928]}š (Robertson, Grammar, pp.991-4) like Matthew 14:36. Used here with λεγητε ηι ητε κατηρτισμενοι legēteλεγητε παντες ēiμη ηι εν υμιν σχισματα ēte katērtismenoi though expressed only once. All speak Present active subjunctive, that ye all keep on speaking. With the divisions in mind. An idiom from Greek political life (Lightfoot). This touch of the classical writers argues for Paul‘s acquaintance with Greek culture. There be no divisions among you (σχιζω mē ēi en humin schismata). Present subjunctive, that divisions may not continue to be (they already had them). Negative statement of preceding idea. αιρεσεις Schisma is from στασις schizō old word to split or rend, and so means a rent (Matthew 9:16; Mark 2:21). Papyri use it for a splinter of wood and for ploughing. Here we have the earliest instance of its use in a moral sense of division, dissension, see also 1 Corinthians 11:18 where a less complete change than ητε δε κατηρτισμενοι haireseis 1 Corinthians 12:25; John 7:43 (discord); John 9:16; John 10:19. “Here, faction, for which the classical word is νοι stasis division within the Christian community” (Vincent). These divisions were over the preachers (1:12-4:21), immorality (1 Corinthians 5:1-13), going to law before the heathen (1 Corinthians 6:1-11), marriage (7:1-40), meats offered to idols (1 Corinthians 8-10), conduct of women in church (11:1-16), the Lord‘s Supper (11:17-34), spiritual gifts (1 Corinthians 12-14), the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15). But that ye be perfected together Periphrastic perfect passive subjunctive. See this verb in Matthew 4:21 (Mark 1:19) for mending torn nets and in moral sense already in 1 Thessalonians 3:10. Galen uses it for a surgeon‘s mending a joint and Herodotus for composing factions. See 2 Corinthians 13:11; Galatians 6:1. Mind (νους noi), judgment (γνωμη gnōmēi). “Of these words νους nous denotes the frame or state of mind, gnōmē the judgment, opinion or sentiment, which is the outcome of nous ” (Lightfoot). [source]
1 Corinthians 1:10All speak [Σχισμα] Present active subjunctive, that ye all keep on speaking. With the divisions in mind. An idiom from Greek political life (Lightfoot). This touch of the classical writers argues for Paul‘s acquaintance with Greek culture. There be no divisions among you (σχιζω mē ēi en humin schismata). Present subjunctive, that divisions may not continue to be (they already had them). Negative statement of preceding idea. αιρεσεις Schisma is from στασις schizō old word to split or rend, and so means a rent (Matthew 9:16; Mark 2:21). Papyri use it for a splinter of wood and for ploughing. Here we have the earliest instance of its use in a moral sense of division, dissension, see also 1 Corinthians 11:18 where a less complete change than ητε δε κατηρτισμενοι haireseis 1 Corinthians 12:25; John 7:43 (discord); John 9:16; John 10:19. “Here, faction, for which the classical word is νοι stasis division within the Christian community” (Vincent). These divisions were over the preachers (1:12-4:21), immorality (1 Corinthians 5:1-13), going to law before the heathen (1 Corinthians 6:1-11), marriage (7:1-40), meats offered to idols (1 Corinthians 8-10), conduct of women in church (11:1-16), the Lord‘s Supper (11:17-34), spiritual gifts (1 Corinthians 12-14), the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15). But that ye be perfected together Periphrastic perfect passive subjunctive. See this verb in Matthew 4:21 (Mark 1:19) for mending torn nets and in moral sense already in 1 Thessalonians 3:10. Galen uses it for a surgeon‘s mending a joint and Herodotus for composing factions. See 2 Corinthians 13:11; Galatians 6:1. Mind (νους noi), judgment (γνωμη gnōmēi). “Of these words νους nous denotes the frame or state of mind, gnōmē the judgment, opinion or sentiment, which is the outcome of nous ” (Lightfoot). [source]
1 Corinthians 1:10There be no divisions among you [σχιζω] Present subjunctive, that divisions may not continue to be (they already had them). Negative statement of preceding idea. αιρεσεις Schisma is from στασις schizō old word to split or rend, and so means a rent (Matthew 9:16; Mark 2:21). Papyri use it for a splinter of wood and for ploughing. Here we have the earliest instance of its use in a moral sense of division, dissension, see also 1 Corinthians 11:18 where a less complete change than ητε δε κατηρτισμενοι haireseis 1 Corinthians 12:25; John 7:43 (discord); John 9:16; John 10:19. “Here, faction, for which the classical word is νοι stasis division within the Christian community” (Vincent). These divisions were over the preachers (1:12-4:21), immorality (1 Corinthians 5:1-13), going to law before the heathen (1 Corinthians 6:1-11), marriage (7:1-40), meats offered to idols (1 Corinthians 8-10), conduct of women in church (11:1-16), the Lord‘s Supper (11:17-34), spiritual gifts (1 Corinthians 12-14), the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15). [source]
Galatians 1:15From my mother's womb [ἐκ κοιλίας μητρός μου] Before I was born. Others, from the time of my birth. A few passages in lxx. go to sustain the former view: Isaiah 64:2,24; 66:1,5. That view is also favored by those instances in which a child's destiny is clearly fixed by God before birth, as Samson, Judges href="/desk/?q=jud+16:17&sr=1">Judges 16:17; comp. Judges 13:5,Judges 13:7; John the Baptist, Luke 1:15. See also Matthew 19:12. The usage of ἐκ as marking a temporal starting point is familiar. See John 6:66; John 9:1; Acts 9:33; Acts 24:10. [source]
Greek Commentary for John 9:1
Present active participle of παραγω paragō old verb to go along, by, or past (Matthew 20:30). Only example in this Gospel, but in 1 John 2:8, 1 John 2:17. The day was after the stirring scenes in chapter 8, but not at the feast of dedication as Westcott argues. That comes three months later (John 10:22). From his birth Ablative case with εκ ek of old word from γενω γινομαι genō class="normal greek">τυπλος εκ γενετης ginomai Here alone in N.T., but the phrase tuphlos ek genetēs is common in Greek writers. Probably a well-known character with his stand as a beggar (John 9:5). [source]
Ablative case with εκ ek of old word from γενω γινομαι genō class="normal greek">τυπλος εκ γενετης ginomai Here alone in N.T., but the phrase tuphlos ek genetēs is common in Greek writers. Probably a well-known character with his stand as a beggar (John 9:5). [source]
The word only here in the New Testament. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 9:1
Properly an adjective, not a noun, and meaning anointed ( Χρίω , to anoint). It is a translation of the Hebrew Messiah, the king and spiritual ruler from David's race, promised under that name in the Old Testament (Psalm 2:2; Daniel 9:25, Daniel 9:26). Hence Andrew says to Simon, “We have found the Messiah, which is, being interpreted, Christ (John 1:41; compare Acts 4:27; Acts 10:38; Acts 19:28). To us “Christ “has become a proper name, and is therefore written without the definite article; but, in the body of the gospel narratives, since the identity of Jesus with the promised Messiah is still in question with the people, the article is habitually used, and the name should therefore be translated “the Christ.” After the resurrection, when the recognition of Jesus as Messiah has become general, we find the word beginning to be used as a proper name, with or without the article. In this passage it omits the article, because it occurs in the heading of the chapter, and expresses the evangelist's own faith in Jesus as the Messiah. Anointing was applied to kings (1 Samuel 9:16; 1 Samuel 10:1), to prophets (1 Kings 19:16), and to priests (Exodus 29:29; Exodus 40:15; Leviticus 16:32) at their inauguration. “The Lord's anointed” was a common title of the king (1 Samuel 12:3, 1 Samuel 12:5; 2 Samuel 1:14, 2 Samuel 1:16). Prophets are called “Messiahs,” or anointed ones (1 Chronicles 16:22; Psalm 105:15). Cyrus is also called “the Lord's Anointed,” because called to the throne to deliver the Jews out of captivity (Isaiah 45:1). Hence the word” Christ” was representative of our Lord, who united in himself the offices of king, prophet, and priest. -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- It is interesting to see how anointing attaches to our Lord in other and minor particulars. Anointing was an act of hospitality and a sign of festivity and cheerfulness. Jesus was anointed by the woman when a guest in the house of Simon the Pharisee, and rebuked his host for omitting this mark of respect toward hint (Luke 7:35, Luke 7:46). In the Epistle to the Hebrews (Hebrews 1:8, Hebrews 1:9), the words of the Messianic psalm (Psalm 45:7) are applied to Jesus, “God, even thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.”-DIVIDER- Anointing was practised upon the sick (Mark 6:13; Luke 10:34:; James 5:14). Jesus, “the Great Physician,” is described by Isaiah (Isaiah 61:1, Isaiah 61:2; compare Luke 4:18) as anointed by God to bind up the broken-hearted, and to give the mournful the oil of joy for mourning. He himself anointed the eyes of the blind man (John 9:6, John 9:11); and the twelve, in his name, “anointed with oil many that were sick, and healed them” (Mark 6:13). -DIVIDER- -DIVIDER- Anointing was practised upon the dead. Of her who brake the alabaster upon his head at Bethany, Jesus said, “She hath anointed my body aforehand for the burying” (Mark 14:8; see, also, Luke 23:56). [source]
Only here and John 9:11. The spittle was regarded as having a peculiar virtue, not only as a remedy for diseases of the eye, but generally as a charm, so that it was employed in incantations. Persius, describing an old crone handling an infant, says: “She takes the babe from the cradle, and with her middle finger moistens its forehead and lips with spittle to keep away the evil eye” (“Sat.,” ii., 32,33). Tacitus relates how one of the common people of Alexandria importuned Vespasian for a remedy for his blindness, and prayed him to sprinkle his cheeks and the balls of his eyes with the secretion of his mouth (“History,” iv., 81). Pliny says: “We are to believe that by continually anointing each morning with fasting saliva (i.e., before eating), inflammations of the eyes are prevented” (“Natural History,” xxviii., 7). Some editors read here ἐπέθηκεν , put upon, for ἐπέχρισεν , anointed. [source]
Notice the change from the Pharisees. The Pharisees had already divided on this miracle (John 9:16). The Jews represent that section which was hostile to Jesus. [source]
A Rabbinical precept declares, “It is forbidden to apply even fasting-spittle to the eyes on the Sabbath.” The words in John 9:14, made the clay, also mark a specific point of offense. [source]
In the New Testament only in this chapter and John 9:7, John 9:11. Properly, a pool for swimming, from κολυμβάω , to dive. In Ecclesiastes 2:6(Sept.) it is used of a reservoir in a garden. The Hebrew word is from the verb to kneel down, and means, therefore, a kneeling-place for cattle or men when drinking. In ecclesiastical language, the baptismal font, and the baptistery itself. [source]
Rev., more correctly, there arose. The word σχίσμα , division, from σχίζω , to cleave, describes a fact which continually recurs in John's narrative. See John 6:52, John 6:60, John 6:66; John 7:12, John 7:25sqq.; John 8:22; John 9:16, John 9:17; John 10:19, John 10:24, John 10:41; John 11:37sqq.; John 12:19, John 12:29, John 12:42; John 16:18, John 16:19. [source]
Literally, those having been sent were. But the best texts omit the article, so that the remaining words form the pluperfect passive: “they had been sent from the Pharisees.” This addition of an explanatory circumstance is characteristic of John. Compare John 1:41, John 1:45; John 9:14; John 11:5, John 11:18; John 13:23. [source]
As in John 7:43 in the crowd (also in John 7:12, John 7:31), so now among the hostile Jews (Pharisees) some of whom had previously professed belief in him (John 8:31). The direct reference of παλιν palin (again) may be to John 9:16 when the Pharisees were divided over the problem of the blind man. Division of opinion about Jesus is a common thing in John‘s Gospel (John 6:52, John 6:60, John 6:66; John 7:12, John 7:25.; John 8:22; John 9:16.; John 10:19, John 10:24, John 10:41; John 11:41.; John 12:19, John 12:29, John 12:42; John 16:18.). [source]
Jesus repeats the pronouns used by Peter in similar contrast. Not now Just now γνωσηι δε μετα ταυτα arti means (John 9:19, John 9:25). Used again by Jesus (John 13:33) and Peter (John 13:37). But thou shalt understand hereafter Future middle of οιδα ginōskō (instead of the verb oida) to know by experience. “Thou shalt learn after these things,” even if slowly. [source]
For αρτι arti (just now) see John 9:19; John 13:33, John 13:37. Their belief in Christ was genuine as far as it went, but perils await them of which they are ignorant. They are too self-confident as their despair at Christ‘s death shows. [source]
The same distinction in tenses in the same verbs preserved, punctiliar action in ηρε ēre (first aorist active of αιρω airō took it up at once) and linear act (imperfect active of περιπατεω peripateō went on walking). The sabbath on that day The first of the violations of the Sabbath rules of the Jews by Jesus in Jerusalem that led to so much bitterness (cf. John 9:14, John 9:16). This controversy will spread to Galilee on Christ‘s return there (Mark 2:23-3:6; Matthew 12:1-14; Luke 6:1-11). [source]
Imperfect (inchoative) middle of μαχομαι machomai to fight in armed combat (Acts 7:26), then to wage a war of words as here and 2 Timothy 2:24. They were already murmuring (John 6:41), now they began bitter strife with one another over the last words of Jesus (John 6:43-51), some probably seeing a spiritual meaning in them. There was division of opinion about Jesus in Jerusalem also later (John 7:12, John 7:40; John 9:16; John 10:19). How can? The very idiom used by Nicodemus in John 3:4, John 3:9. Here scornful disbelief. This man Contemptuous use pictured in John 6:42. His flesh to eat As if we were cannibals! Some MSS. do not have αυτου autou but the meaning is clear. The mystical appropriation of Christ by the believer (Galatians 2:20; Ephesians 3:17) they could not comprehend, though some apparently were against this literal interpretation of “flesh” (σαρχ sarx). [source]
The hostile leaders in Jerusalem, not the Galilean crowds (John 7:12) nor the populace in Jerusalem (John 7:25). Sought Imperfect active of ζητεω zēteō “were seeking,” picture of the attitude of the Jewish leaders toward Jesus who had not yet appeared in public at the feast. In fact he had avoided Jerusalem since the collision in chapter 5. The leaders clearly wished to attack him. Where is he? “Where is that one? (emphatic use of εκεινος ekeinos as in John 1:8; John 9:12). Jesus had been at two feasts during his ministry (passover in John 2:12.; possibly another passover in John 5:1), but he had avoided the preceding passover (John 6:4; John 7:1). The leaders in Jerusalem had kept in touch with Christ‘s work in Galilee. They anticipate a crisis in Jerusalem. [source]
A clear split. See Matthew 9:16 for the word from σχιζω schizō to rend. Used again in John 9:16; John 10:19. [source]
First aorist active indicative of the old verb πτυω ptuō for which see Mark 7:33. Χαμαι Chamai is an old adverb either in the dative or locative (sense suits locative), in N.T. only here and John 18:6. Jesus was not asked to cure this man. The curative effects of saliva are held in many places. The Jews held saliva efficacious for eye-trouble, but it was forbidden on the Sabbath. “That Jesus supposed some virtue lay in the application of the clay is contradicted by the fact that in other cases of blindness He did not use it” (Dods). Cf. Mark 8:23. Why he here accommodated himself to current belief we do not know unless it was to encourage the man to believe. He made clay Only use of πηλος pēlos old word for clay, in N.T. in this chapter and Romans 9:21. The kneading of the clay and spittle added another offense against the Sabbath rules of the rabbis. Anointed his eyes with the clay First aorist active indicative of επιχριω epichriō old verb, to spread on, anoint, here only and John 9:11 in N.T. “He spread the clay upon his eyes.” B C read επετηκεν epethēken (first aorist active indicative of επιτιτημι epitithēmi to put on). [source]
Vigorous denial (αυτοι ouchi) and mere similarity suggested. Associative instrumental case ομοιος autoi after εκεινος ελεγεν homoios The crowd is divided. He said (ekeinos elegen). Emphatic demonstrative (as in John 9:11, John 9:12, John 9:25, John 9:36), “That one spake up.” He knew. [source]
The doctors disagree and they ask the patient whose story they had already heard (John 9:15). In that he opened thine eyes Causal use of οτι hoti and triple augment in the first aorist active indicative of ανοιγω anoigō They offer the excuse that the man‘s experience particularly qualified him to explain the “how,” overlooking the fact he had already told his story and also trying to conceal their own hopeless division of opinion. He is a prophet The man will go that far anyhow. [source]
Probably the incredulous and hostile section of the Pharisees in John 9:16 (cf. John 5:10). Did not believe The facts told by the man, “that he had been blind and had received his sight” Usual construction of εως οτου heōs hotou (= until which time, like εως heōs alone) with aorist active indicative of πωνεω phōneō old verb from πωνη phōnē (voice, sound). They called out loud for his parents to throw light on this grave problem to cover up their own stupidity. [source]
These two questions the parents answer clearly and thus cut the ground from under the disbelief of these Pharisees as to the fact of the cure (John 9:18). So these Pharisees made a failure here. [source]
Concerning the third question they profess ignorance both as to the “how” Opened First aorist active indicative with single augment of ανοιγω anoigō same form as ηνεωιχεν ēneōixen (triple augment) in John 9:17. They were not witnesses of the cure and had the story only from the son as the Pharisees had. He is of age “He has maturity of age.” He is an adult. A regular classical phrase in Plato, etc. The parents were wholly right and within their rights. [source]
Another cross-examination, now admitting that Jesus opened his eyes and wishing again (John 9:15, John 9:17) to know “how.” [source]
He had given the Pharisees the facts the first time (John 9:15). It was really the third time (see παλιν palin in John 9:17). Now it was like a joke unless the Pharisees meant to imply that his previous story was untrue. Give glory to God Second aorist active imperative of διδωμι didōmi (cf. σχεσ ες sches class="normal greek">αμαρτωλος εστιν hes). This phrase does not mean gratitude to God as in Luke 17:18. It is rather an adjuration to speak the truth (Joshua 7:19; 1 Samuel 6:5) as if he had not done it before. Augustine says: “Quid est Da gloriam Deo? Nega quod accepisti. ” Is a sinner (δικαιος hamartōlos estin). They can no longer deny the fact of the cure since the testimony of the parents (John 9:19) and now wish the man to admit that he was lying in saying that Jesus healed him. He must accept their ecclesiastical authority as proving that Jesus had nothing to do with the cure since Jesus is a sinner. They wish to decide the fact by logic and authority like all persecutors through the ages. Recall the Pharisaic distinction between αμαρτωλος dikaios (righteous) and hamartōlos (sinner). [source]
Second aorist active imperative of διδωμι didōmi (cf. σχεσ ες sches class="normal greek">αμαρτωλος εστιν hes). This phrase does not mean gratitude to God as in Luke 17:18. It is rather an adjuration to speak the truth (Joshua 7:19; 1 Samuel 6:5) as if he had not done it before. Augustine says: “Quid est Da gloriam Deo? Nega quod accepisti. ” Is a sinner (δικαιος hamartōlos estin). They can no longer deny the fact of the cure since the testimony of the parents (John 9:19) and now wish the man to admit that he was lying in saying that Jesus healed him. He must accept their ecclesiastical authority as proving that Jesus had nothing to do with the cure since Jesus is a sinner. They wish to decide the fact by logic and authority like all persecutors through the ages. Recall the Pharisaic distinction between αμαρτωλος dikaios (righteous) and hamartōlos (sinner). [source]
In John 9:15, John 9:17, John 9:25. Would ye also become his disciples? Negative answer formally expected, but the keenest irony in this gibe. Clearly the healed man knew from the use of “also” (και kai) that Jesus had some “disciples” (ματηται mathētai predicate nominative with the infinitive γενεσται genesthai) and that the Pharisees knew that fact. “Do ye also (like the Galilean mob) wish, etc.” See John 7:45-52. It cut to the bone. [source]
First aorist active indicative of λοιδορεω loidoreō old verb from λοιδορος loidoros (reviler, 1 Corinthians 5:11), in N.T. only here, Acts 23:4; 1 Corinthians 4:12; 1 Peter 2:23. Thou art his disciple Probably a fling in εκεινου ekeinou (of that fellow). He had called him a prophet (John 9:17) and became a joyful follower later (John 9:36-38). But we are disciples of Moses This they said with proud scorn of the healed beggar. All orthodox rabbis so claimed. [source]
Note genitive case with ακουει akouei This was the argument of the Pharisees in John 9:16. It is frequent in the O.T. (Job 27:9; Psalm 66:18; Isaiah 1:15; Isaiah 59:2, etc.). The conclusion is inevitable from this premise. Jesus is not αμαρτωλος hamartōlos If any man be a worshipper of God Condition of third class with εαν ean and present active subjunctive ηι ēi Τεοσεβης Theosebēs Same condition with present active subjunctive of ποιεω poieō “keep on doing his will.” [source]
First aorist active indicative and same word as αναβλεπσον anablepson (Receive thy sight). Hence here the verb means as the margin of the Revised Version has it: “I received my sight and looked upon him.” For “look up” see note on John 9:11. [source]
This question, expecting an affirmative answer, is Paul‘s reply to the previous one, “Why didst thou make me thus?” Πηλος Pēlos old word for clay, is mud or wet clay in John 9:6, John 9:11, John 9:14. The old word for potter (κεραμευς kerameus) in N.T. only here and Matthew 27:7, Matthew 27:10. [source]
See on John 10:19. In classical Greek used only of actual rents in material. So in Matthew 9:16; Mark 2:21. In the sense of discord, see John 7:43; John 9:16; John 10:19. Here, faction, for which the classical word is στάσις :division within the christian community. The divisions of the Corinthian church arose on questions of marriage and food (1 Corinthians 7:3, 1 Corinthians 7:5, 1 Corinthians 7:12); on eating, meat offered to idols (1 Corinthians 8:7; 1 Corinthians 10:20); on the comparative value of spiritual endowments, such as speaking with “tongues” (14); on the privileges and demeanor of women in the assemblies for worship (1 Corinthians 11:5-15); on the relations of the rich and the poor in the agape or love-feasts (1 Corinthians 11:17-22); and on the prerogatives of the different christian teachers (1 Corinthians 1:12, 1 Corinthians 1:13; 3:3-22). [source]
Genitive, not accusative (cause or reason), as the medium or instrument of the appeal (2 Corinthians 10:1; Romans 12:1; Romans 15:30). That (ινα hina). Purport (sub-final) rather than direct purpose, common idiom in Koiné{[28928]}š (Robertson, Grammar, pp.991-4) like Matthew 14:36. Used here with λεγητε ηι ητε κατηρτισμενοι legēteλεγητε παντες ēiμη ηι εν υμιν σχισματα ēte katērtismenoi though expressed only once. All speak Present active subjunctive, that ye all keep on speaking. With the divisions in mind. An idiom from Greek political life (Lightfoot). This touch of the classical writers argues for Paul‘s acquaintance with Greek culture. There be no divisions among you (σχιζω mē ēi en humin schismata). Present subjunctive, that divisions may not continue to be (they already had them). Negative statement of preceding idea. αιρεσεις Schisma is from στασις schizō old word to split or rend, and so means a rent (Matthew 9:16; Mark 2:21). Papyri use it for a splinter of wood and for ploughing. Here we have the earliest instance of its use in a moral sense of division, dissension, see also 1 Corinthians 11:18 where a less complete change than ητε δε κατηρτισμενοι haireseis 1 Corinthians 12:25; John 7:43 (discord); John 9:16; John 10:19. “Here, faction, for which the classical word is νοι stasis division within the Christian community” (Vincent). These divisions were over the preachers (1:12-4:21), immorality (1 Corinthians 5:1-13), going to law before the heathen (1 Corinthians 6:1-11), marriage (7:1-40), meats offered to idols (1 Corinthians 8-10), conduct of women in church (11:1-16), the Lord‘s Supper (11:17-34), spiritual gifts (1 Corinthians 12-14), the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15). But that ye be perfected together Periphrastic perfect passive subjunctive. See this verb in Matthew 4:21 (Mark 1:19) for mending torn nets and in moral sense already in 1 Thessalonians 3:10. Galen uses it for a surgeon‘s mending a joint and Herodotus for composing factions. See 2 Corinthians 13:11; Galatians 6:1. Mind (νους noi), judgment (γνωμη gnōmēi). “Of these words νους nous denotes the frame or state of mind, gnōmē the judgment, opinion or sentiment, which is the outcome of nous ” (Lightfoot). [source]
Present active subjunctive, that ye all keep on speaking. With the divisions in mind. An idiom from Greek political life (Lightfoot). This touch of the classical writers argues for Paul‘s acquaintance with Greek culture. There be no divisions among you (σχιζω mē ēi en humin schismata). Present subjunctive, that divisions may not continue to be (they already had them). Negative statement of preceding idea. αιρεσεις Schisma is from στασις schizō old word to split or rend, and so means a rent (Matthew 9:16; Mark 2:21). Papyri use it for a splinter of wood and for ploughing. Here we have the earliest instance of its use in a moral sense of division, dissension, see also 1 Corinthians 11:18 where a less complete change than ητε δε κατηρτισμενοι haireseis 1 Corinthians 12:25; John 7:43 (discord); John 9:16; John 10:19. “Here, faction, for which the classical word is νοι stasis division within the Christian community” (Vincent). These divisions were over the preachers (1:12-4:21), immorality (1 Corinthians 5:1-13), going to law before the heathen (1 Corinthians 6:1-11), marriage (7:1-40), meats offered to idols (1 Corinthians 8-10), conduct of women in church (11:1-16), the Lord‘s Supper (11:17-34), spiritual gifts (1 Corinthians 12-14), the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15). But that ye be perfected together Periphrastic perfect passive subjunctive. See this verb in Matthew 4:21 (Mark 1:19) for mending torn nets and in moral sense already in 1 Thessalonians 3:10. Galen uses it for a surgeon‘s mending a joint and Herodotus for composing factions. See 2 Corinthians 13:11; Galatians 6:1. Mind (νους noi), judgment (γνωμη gnōmēi). “Of these words νους nous denotes the frame or state of mind, gnōmē the judgment, opinion or sentiment, which is the outcome of nous ” (Lightfoot). [source]
Present subjunctive, that divisions may not continue to be (they already had them). Negative statement of preceding idea. αιρεσεις Schisma is from στασις schizō old word to split or rend, and so means a rent (Matthew 9:16; Mark 2:21). Papyri use it for a splinter of wood and for ploughing. Here we have the earliest instance of its use in a moral sense of division, dissension, see also 1 Corinthians 11:18 where a less complete change than ητε δε κατηρτισμενοι haireseis 1 Corinthians 12:25; John 7:43 (discord); John 9:16; John 10:19. “Here, faction, for which the classical word is νοι stasis division within the Christian community” (Vincent). These divisions were over the preachers (1:12-4:21), immorality (1 Corinthians 5:1-13), going to law before the heathen (1 Corinthians 6:1-11), marriage (7:1-40), meats offered to idols (1 Corinthians 8-10), conduct of women in church (11:1-16), the Lord‘s Supper (11:17-34), spiritual gifts (1 Corinthians 12-14), the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15). [source]
Before I was born. Others, from the time of my birth. A few passages in lxx. go to sustain the former view: Isaiah 64:2,24; 66:1,5. That view is also favored by those instances in which a child's destiny is clearly fixed by God before birth, as Samson, Judges href="/desk/?q=jud+16:17&sr=1">Judges 16:17; comp. Judges 13:5, Judges 13:7; John the Baptist, Luke 1:15. See also Matthew 19:12. The usage of ἐκ as marking a temporal starting point is familiar. See John 6:66; John 9:1; Acts 9:33; Acts 24:10. [source]
Constative aorist active indicative summing up the life of Christ on earth with the emphatic use of the demonstrative εκεινος ekeinos in reference to Christ as in 1 John 3:3, 1 John 3:5, 1 John 3:7, 1 John 3:16; 1 John 4:17; John 7:11; John 9:12, John 9:28; John 19:21. [source]
The first of the visions to be so described (Revelation 13:3; Revelation 15:1), and it is introduced by ωπτη ōphthē as in Revelation 11:19; Revelation 12:3, not by μετα ταυτο meta tauto or by ειδον eidon or by ειδον και ιδου eidon kai idou as heretofore. This “sign” is really a τερας teras (wonder), as it is so by association in Matthew 24:24; John 4:48; Acts 2:22; Acts 5:12. The element of wonder is not in the word σημειον sēmeion as in τερας teras but often in the thing itself as in Luke 21:11; John 9:16; Revelation 13:13.; Revelation 15:1; Revelation 16:14; Revelation 19:20. [source]