KJV: Then cometh he to a city of Samaria, which is called Sychar, near to the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph.
YLT: He cometh, therefore, to a city of Samaria, called Sychar, near to the place that Jacob gave to Joseph his son;
Darby: He comes therefore to a city of Samaria called Sychar, near to the land which Jacob gave to his son Joseph.
ASV: So he cometh to a city of Samaria, called Sychar, near to the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph:
ἔρχεται | He comes |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἔρχομαι Sense: to come. |
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πόλιν | a city |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: πόλις Sense: a city. |
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τῆς | - |
Parse: Article, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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Σαμαρείας | of Samaria |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: Σαμάρεια Sense: a territory in Palestine, which had Samaria as its capital. |
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λεγομένην | called |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle or Passive, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
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Συχὰρ | Sychar |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: Σιχάρ Sense: probably another name for the town of Shechem, a town in Samaria, near the well of Jacob. |
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πλησίον | near |
Parse: Preposition Root: πλησίον Sense: a neighbour. |
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χωρίου | plot of ground |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Neuter Singular Root: χωρίον Sense: a space, a place, a region, a district. |
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ὃ | that |
Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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ἔδωκεν | had given |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: διδῶ Sense: to give. |
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Ἰακὼβ | Jacob |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰακώβ Sense: was the second son of Isaac. |
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Ἰωσὴφ | Joseph |
Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰωσήφ Sense: the patriarch, the eleventh son of Jacob. |
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υἱῷ | son |
Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: υἱός Sense: a son. |
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αὐτοῦ | of him |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
Greek Commentary for John 4:5
Vivid present middle indicative and transitional ουν oun Sychar There is a dispute whether this is just a variation of Shechem as meaning “drunken-town” (Isaiah 28:1) or “lying-town” (Habakkuk 2:18) or is a separate village near Shechem (Neapolis, Nablous) as the Talmud and Eusebius indicate. Apparently the present village Askar corresponds well with the site. The use of πολιν polin (city) does not mean that it was a large town. Mark and John use it freely for small places. Parcel of ground Old use of this diminutive of χωρος chōros or χωρα chōra a piece of ground. That Jacob gave to his son Joseph See Genesis 33:19; Genesis 48:22. Relative ο ho is not attracted to case of χωριου chōriou First aorist active indicative εδωκεν edōken f0). [source]
Not a particle of time, but of logical connection. Therefore, going by this route, He must needs, etc. [source]
Not implying a place of great size or importance. Compare John 11:54; Matthew 2:23. [source]
Commonly identified with Schechem, the modern Nablous, and regarded as a corruption of Sichem. Some modern authorities, however, argue that a place so famous as Schechem would not be referred to under another name, and identify the site with Askar, about two miles east of Nablous. The name Sychar means drunken-town or lying-town. [source]
A diminutive from χώρα aregion. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 4:5
See on James 5:15. The word occurs in Luke more frequently than in all the other New Testament writers combined. Used in medical language of the relaxation of disease. Both Luke and John use the kindred verb ἀφίημι , in the same sense. Luke 4:39; John 4:52. [source]
The dwelling-place. Used primarily of the edifice (Matthew 7:24; Matthew 8:14; Matthew 9:10; Acts 4:34). Of the family or all the persons inhabiting the house (Matthew 12:25; John 4:53; 1 Corinthians 16:15; Matthew 10:13). Of property (Matthew 23:14; Mark 12:40). Here meaning heaven. [source]
Ablative case with the compound preposition επανω epanō See the same idea in Romans 9:5. Here we have the comments of Evangelist (John) concerning the last words of John in John 3:30 which place Jesus above himself. He is above all men, not alone above the Baptist. Bernard follows those who treat John 3:31-36 as dislocated and put them after John 3:21 (the interview with Nicodemus), but they suit better here. Of the earth John is fond of this use of εκ ek for origin and source of character as in John 1:46; 1 John 4:5. Jesus is the one that comes out of heaven (ο εκ του ουρανου ερχομενος ho ek tou ouranou erchomenos) as he has shown in 1:1-18. Hence he is “above all.” [source]
Vivid historical present as in John 4:5. A woman of Samaria The country, not the city which was two hours away. To draw water First aorist active infinitive of purpose of αντλεω antleō for which see John 2:8. Cf. Rebecca in Genesis 24:11, Genesis 24:17. Give me to drink Second aorist active imperative of διδωμι didōmi and second aorist active infinitive (object of δος dos) of πινω pinō shortened form of πιειν piein A polite request. [source]
Explanation of the reason for asking her. Were gone away Past perfect of απερχομαι aperchomai to go off. They had already gone before she came. To Sychar (John 4:5 and John 4:39). To buy food ινα Hina in purpose clause with first aorist active subjunctive of αγοραζω agorazō old verb from αγορα agora (marketplace). See Matthew 21:12. Τροπη Trophē (nourishment) is old word from τρεπω trephō to nourish (Matthew 3:4). “Victuals” (plural). [source]
Genitive absolute inspite of the fact that αυτωι autōi (associative instrumental case with υπηντησαν hupēntēsan aorist active indicative of υπανταω hupantaō) is near. That his son lived Present active indicative preserved in indirect discourse (cf. the words of Jesus in John 4:50). Note παις pais here (only example in John), υιος huios in John 4:50, παιδιον paidion (diminutive of tenderness) in John 4:49. [source]
Second aorist middle indicative of πυντανομαι punthanomai Began to mend Second aorist ingressive active indicative of εχω echō (took a turn, got better) and comparative of adverb κομπσως kompsōs Arrian (Epictetus iii. 10.13) has κομπσως εχεις kompsōs echeis from a physician, “Thou hast it fine,” “Thou art doing finely.” The papyri give several similar examples. Κομπσως Kompsōs (neat) is from κομεω komeō to take care of. At the seventh hour The accusative case without a preposition as in Revelation 3:3, though we have περι ωραν ενατην peri hōran enatēn (about the ninth hour) in Acts 10:3. See the accusative also in Exodus 9:18 ταυτην την ωραν αυριον tautēn tēn hōran aurion (tomorrow about this hour). The accusative has the notion of extension and can be thus loosely used. It can even mean here “during the seventh hour.” In John 4:53 the locative is more exact, “at that hour” The seventh hour would be (Roman time) seven p.m. [source]
Second aorist active indicative of γινωσκω ginōskō Inferential use of ουν oun Himself believed Not just the word of Jesus (John 4:50), but complete faith in Jesus himself as the Messiah, absolute use of πιστευω pisteuō as in John 1:7. And his whole house All his family, the first example of a whole family believing in Jesus like the later case of Crispus (Acts 18:8). [source]
There is no copula in the Greek. Vincent insists that εστιν estin be supplied between Ιησους Iēsous and Χριστος Christos “Jesus is Christ,” but it more naturally comes after Χριστος Christos as the Revised Version has it. The old adverb εχτες echthes is rare in the N.T. (John 4:52; Acts 7:28; Hebrews 13:8). Here it refers to the days of Christ‘s flesh (Hebrews 2:3; Hebrews 5:7) and to the recent work of the leaders (Hebrews 13:7). “Today” Hence the peril of apostasy from the only hope of man. [source]
Compare the simple verb ἀγγέλλειν tobring tidings, John 20:18, and only there. Ἀναγγέλλειν is to bring the tidings up to ( ἀνά ) or back to him who receives them. Ἀπαγέλλειν is to announce tidings as coming from ( ἀπό ) some one, see Matthew 2:8; John 4:51. Καταγγέλλειν is to proclaim with authority, so as to spread the tidings down among ( κατά ) those who hear. See Acts 17:23. Found only in the Acts and in Paul. [source]
Certainly future active here, though probably aorist subjunctive in Revelation 2:25.As a thief (ως κλεπτης hōs kleptēs). As Jesus had already said (Matthew 24:43; Luke 12:39), as Paul had said (1 Thessalonians 5:2), as Peter had said (2 Peter 3:10), as Jesus will say again (Revelation 16:15).Thou shalt not know Strong double negative ου μη ou mē with second aorist active subjunctive of γινωσκω ginōskō though some MSS. have the future middle indicative γνωσηι gnōsēi hour A rare classical idiom (accusative) surviving in the Koiné rather than the genitive of time, somewhat like John 4:52; Acts 20:16 (Robertson, Grammar, p. 470f.). Indirect question with ποιαν poian f0). [source]
Strong double negative ου μη ou mē with second aorist active subjunctive of γινωσκω ginōskō though some MSS. have the future middle indicative γνωσηι gnōsēi hour A rare classical idiom (accusative) surviving in the Koiné rather than the genitive of time, somewhat like John 4:52; Acts 20:16 (Robertson, Grammar, p. 470f.). Indirect question with ποιαν poian f0). [source]
Resumptive and coordinating as in Revelation 1:19; Revelation 2:5.Thou hast received (ειληπας eilēphas). Perfect active indicative of λαμβανω lambanō “as a permanent deposit” (Vincent).Didst hear First aorist active indicative, the act of hearing at the time.And keep it (και τηρει kai tērei). Present active imperative of τηρεω tēreō “hold on to what thou hast.”And repent First aorist active imperative of μετανοεω metanoeō “Turn at once.”If therefore thou shalt not watch (εαν ουν μη γρηγορησηις ean oun mē grēgorēsēis). Condition of third class with εαν μη ean mē and the first aorist (ingressive) active subjunctive of γρηγορεω grēgoreō “if then thou do not wake up.”I will come Certainly future active here, though probably aorist subjunctive in Revelation 2:25.As a thief (ως κλεπτης hōs kleptēs). As Jesus had already said (Matthew 24:43; Luke 12:39), as Paul had said (1 Thessalonians 5:2), as Peter had said (2 Peter 3:10), as Jesus will say again (Revelation 16:15).Thou shalt not know Strong double negative ου μη ou mē with second aorist active subjunctive of γινωσκω ginōskō though some MSS. have the future middle indicative γνωσηι gnōsēi hour A rare classical idiom (accusative) surviving in the Koiné rather than the genitive of time, somewhat like John 4:52; Acts 20:16 (Robertson, Grammar, p. 470f.). Indirect question with ποιαν poian f0). [source]
First aorist active indicative, the act of hearing at the time.And keep it (και τηρει kai tērei). Present active imperative of τηρεω tēreō “hold on to what thou hast.”And repent First aorist active imperative of μετανοεω metanoeō “Turn at once.”If therefore thou shalt not watch (εαν ουν μη γρηγορησηις ean oun mē grēgorēsēis). Condition of third class with εαν μη ean mē and the first aorist (ingressive) active subjunctive of γρηγορεω grēgoreō “if then thou do not wake up.”I will come Certainly future active here, though probably aorist subjunctive in Revelation 2:25.As a thief (ως κλεπτης hōs kleptēs). As Jesus had already said (Matthew 24:43; Luke 12:39), as Paul had said (1 Thessalonians 5:2), as Peter had said (2 Peter 3:10), as Jesus will say again (Revelation 16:15).Thou shalt not know Strong double negative ου μη ou mē with second aorist active subjunctive of γινωσκω ginōskō though some MSS. have the future middle indicative γνωσηι gnōsēi hour A rare classical idiom (accusative) surviving in the Koiné rather than the genitive of time, somewhat like John 4:52; Acts 20:16 (Robertson, Grammar, p. 470f.). Indirect question with ποιαν poian f0). [source]
First aorist active imperative of μετανοεω metanoeō “Turn at once.”If therefore thou shalt not watch (εαν ουν μη γρηγορησηις ean oun mē grēgorēsēis). Condition of third class with εαν μη ean mē and the first aorist (ingressive) active subjunctive of γρηγορεω grēgoreō “if then thou do not wake up.”I will come Certainly future active here, though probably aorist subjunctive in Revelation 2:25.As a thief (ως κλεπτης hōs kleptēs). As Jesus had already said (Matthew 24:43; Luke 12:39), as Paul had said (1 Thessalonians 5:2), as Peter had said (2 Peter 3:10), as Jesus will say again (Revelation 16:15).Thou shalt not know Strong double negative ου μη ou mē with second aorist active subjunctive of γινωσκω ginōskō though some MSS. have the future middle indicative γνωσηι gnōsēi hour A rare classical idiom (accusative) surviving in the Koiné rather than the genitive of time, somewhat like John 4:52; Acts 20:16 (Robertson, Grammar, p. 470f.). Indirect question with ποιαν poian f0). [source]