KJV: Then Peter, turning about, seeth the disciple whom Jesus loved following; which also leaned on his breast at supper, and said, Lord, which is he that betrayeth thee?
YLT: And Peter having turned about doth see the disciple whom Jesus was loving following, (who also reclined in the supper on his breast, and said, 'Sir, who is he who is delivering thee up?')
Darby: Peter, turning round, sees the disciple whom Jesus loved following, who also leaned at supper on his breast, and said, Lord, who is it that delivers thee up?
ASV: Peter, turning about, seeth the disciple whom Jesus loved following; who also leaned back on his breast at the supper, and said, Lord, who is he that betrayeth thee?
| Ἐπιστραφεὶς | Having turned |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Passive, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἐπιστρέφω Sense: transitively. |
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| ὁ | - |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Πέτρος | Peter |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Πέτρος Sense: one of the twelve disciples of Jesus. |
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| βλέπει | sees |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: βλέπω Sense: to see, discern, of the bodily eye. |
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| μαθητὴν | disciple |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: μαθητής Sense: a learner, pupil, disciple. |
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| ὃν | whom |
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Parse: Personal / Relative Pronoun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὅς Sense: who, which, what, that. |
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| ἠγάπα | loved |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀγαπάω Sense: of persons. |
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| Ἰησοῦς | Jesus |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰησοῦς Sense: Joshua was the famous captain of the Israelites, Moses’ successor. |
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| ἀκολουθοῦντα | following |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ἀκολουθέω Sense: to follow one who precedes, join him as his attendant, accompany him. |
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| καὶ | also |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: καί Sense: and, also, even, indeed, but. |
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| ἀνέπεσεν | had reclined |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀναπίπτω Sense: to lie back, lie down. |
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| ἐν | at |
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Parse: Preposition Root: ἐν Sense: in, by, with etc. |
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| δείπνῳ | supper |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Neuter Singular Root: δεῖπνον Sense: supper, especially a formal meal usually held at the evening,. |
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| στῆθος | bosom |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: στῆθος Sense: the breast. |
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| αὐτοῦ | of Him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| εἶπεν | said |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to speak, say. |
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| Κύριε | Lord |
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Parse: Noun, Vocative Masculine Singular Root: κύριος Sense: he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has power of deciding; master, lord. |
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| ἐστιν | is it |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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| παραδιδούς | is betraying |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: παραδίδωμι Sense: to give into the hands (of another). |
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Greek Commentary for John 21:20
Second aorist passive participle of επιστρεπω epistrephō old verb, here a sudden turning round (ingressive aorist). For the simplex verb στρεπω strephō see John 20:14, John 20:16. Following Following both Jesus and Peter, perhaps having heard the graphic dialogue above. [source]
Rev., leaned back. See on John 13:25. The reference is to the special act of John, leaning back to whisper to Jesus, and not to his position at table. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 21:20
The word for personal affection. In John 13:23; John 21:7, John 21:20, ἠγάπα is used. See on John 5:20. [source]
No word for “table” in the text. Periphrastic imperfect of ανακειμαι anakeimai to lie back, to recline. Κολπος Kolpos usual word for bosom (John 1:18). Whom Jesus loved Imperfect active of αγαπαω agapaō John‘s description of himself of which he was proud (John 19:26; John 20:2; John 21:7, John 21:20), identified in John 21:24 as the author of the book and necessarily one of the twelve because of the “explicit” (Bernard) language of Mark (Mark 14:17; Luke 22:14). John son of Zebedee and brother of James. At the table John was on the right of Jesus lying obliquely so that his head lay on the bosom of Jesus. The centre, the place of honour, Jesus occupied. The next place in rank was to the left of Jesus, held by Peter (Westcott) or by Judas (Bernard) which one doubts. [source]
Old verb to nod, in N.T. only here and Acts 24:10. They were all looking in surprise at each other. Tell us who it is of whom he speaketh Second aorist active imperative with indirect question Peter was cautious, but could not contain his curiosity. John in front of Jesus was in a favourable position to have a whispered word with him. Breast As in John 21:20; Luke 18:13 in place of κολπον kolpon (John 13:23). This is the moment represented in Leonardo da Vinci‘s “Last Supper,” only he shows the figures like the monks for whom he painted it. [source]
The one just mentioned in John 21:20, “the disciple whom Jesus loved.” And wrote these things Here there is a definite statement that the Beloved Disciple wrote this book. We know The plural here seems intentional as the identification and endorsement of a group of disciples who know the author and wish to vouch for his identity and for the truthfulness of his witness. Probably we see here a verse added by a group of elders in Ephesus where John had long laboured. [source]