The Meaning of John 20:9 Explained

John 20:9

KJV: For as yet they knew not the scripture, that he must rise again from the dead.

YLT: for not yet did they know the Writing, that it behoveth him out of the dead to rise again.

Darby: for they had not yet known the scripture, that he must rise from among the dead.

ASV: For as yet they knew not the scripture, that he must rise from the dead.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

For  as yet  they knew  not  the scripture,  that  he  must  rise again  from  the dead. 

What does John 20:9 Mean?

Verse Meaning

John"s faith rested on the evidence that he had seen. [1] Later he and the other disciples would have additional reasons for believing that Jesus had risen, namely, the prophetic Scriptures that the Resurrection fulfilled (e.g, Leviticus 23:11; Psalm 16:10-11; Psalm 110:1; Psalm 110:4; Isaiah 53:11-12; Hosea 6:2; cf. Acts 2:24-31; 1 Corinthians 15:3-7). John"s faith took a step forward here, but it was not yet as strong as it would be (cf. Luke 24:25-27; Luke 24:32; Luke 24:44-47).
"The empty cross and the empty tomb are God"s "receipts" telling us that the debt has been paid." [2]

Context Summary

John 20:1-10 - The Witness Of The Empty Tomb
In considering John's account of the Resurrection, we should remember that it is largely supplementary to the other narratives. This Gospel having been written long after those were in circulation, the selection of incidents which are recorded is made for spiritual purposes. John's object was to show various instances of faith in the risen Christ, each one being typical and having its own lessons to teach.
Easter morning! What dismay there is in Mary's voice and what consternation in her face! What a mistake also she made, for who can take our Lord away from hearts where He is enshrined! The Greek word used to describe the disposition of the clothes is very remarkable. It conveys the idea that they had fallen together, as if that which they had covered had been suddenly withdrawn.
How much those two disciples missed! Had they only waited, they might have seen the Lord. Do not hurry with wanton haste from the mysteries of our Lord's grave; but learn that on the one hand He was declared to be God's Son, Romans 1:4, and on the other we are taught the victory of faith even over death, John 11:26. [source]

Chapter Summary: John 20

1  Mary comes to the tomb;
3  so do Peter and John, ignorant of the resurrection
11  Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene,
19  and to his disciples
24  The incredulity and confession of Thomas
30  The Scripture is sufficient to salvation

Greek Commentary for John 20:9

For [γαρ]
Explanatory use of γαρ — gar The Scripture Probably Psalm 16:10. Jesus had repeatedly foretold his resurrection, but that was all forgotten in the great sorrow on their hearts. Only the chief priests and Pharisees recalled the words of Jesus (Matthew 27:62.). Must For this use of δει — dei concerning Christ‘s death and resurrection see Mark 8:31; Matthew 26:54; Luke 9:22; Luke 17:25; Luke 22:37; Luke 24:7, Luke 24:26, Luke 24:44; John 3:14; John 12:34; Acts 1:16. Jesus had put emphasis on both the fact and the necessity of his resurrection which the disciples slowly perceived. [source]
The scripture [τὴν γραφὴν]
The passage of scripture. See on John 5:47. The reference may be to Psalm 16:10. [source]
Must []
On this necessity attaching in the divine counsel to the sufferings, death, and resurrection of Jesus, see Matthew 26:54; Mark 8:31; Luke 9:22; Luke 17:25; Luke 22:37; Luke 24:7, Luke 24:26, Luke 24:44; John 3:14; John 12:34; Acts 1:16. [source]

Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 20:9

John 2:22 Believed the Scripture [ἐπίστευσαν τῇ γραφῇ]
Notice that ἐπίοτευσαν , believed, is used here with the simple dative, and not with the preposition εἰς , into (see on John 1:12). The meaning is, therefore, they believed that the Scripture was true. On γραφή , a passage or section of Scripture, see on Mark 12:10. In John, as elsewhere, the word almost always refers to a particular passage cited in the context. The only two exceptions are John 17:12; John 20:9. For the Old Testament, as a whole, John always uses the plural αἱ γραφαί . The passage referred to here is probably Psalm 16:10. Compare Acts 2:27, Acts 2:31; Acts 13:35. [source]
1 John 2:6 Ought [ὀφείλει]
An obligation, put as a debt. See Luke 17:10, and on debts, Matthew 6:12. The word expresses a special, personal obligation, and not as δεῖ mustan obligation in the nature of things. See John 20:9, and compare 1 John 3:16; 1 John 4:11; 3 John 1:8. [source]

What do the individual words in John 20:9 mean?

not yet for understood they the Scripture that it behooves Him out from [the] dead to rise
οὐδέπω γὰρ ᾔδεισαν τὴν γραφὴν ὅτι δεῖ αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῆναι

οὐδέπω  not  yet 
Parse: Adverb
Root: οὐδέπω  
Sense: not yet, not as yet.
ᾔδεισαν  understood  they 
Parse: Verb, Pluperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural
Root: οἶδα  
Sense: to see.
γραφὴν  Scripture 
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular
Root: γραφή  
Sense: a writing, thing written.
ὅτι  that 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: ὅτι  
Sense: that, because, since.
δεῖ  it  behooves 
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular
Root: δεῖ  
Sense: it is necessary, there is need of, it behooves, is right and proper.
ἐκ  out  from 
Parse: Preposition
Root: ἐκ 
Sense: out of, from, by, away from.
νεκρῶν  [the]  dead 
Parse: Adjective, Genitive Masculine Plural
Root: νεκρός  
Sense: properly.
ἀναστῆναι  to  rise 
Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active
Root: ἀναπηδάω 
Sense: to cause to rise up, raise up.