KJV: Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other which was crucified with him.
YLT: The soldiers, therefore, came, and of the first indeed they did break the legs, and of the other who was crucified with him,
Darby: The soldiers therefore came and broke the legs of the first and of the other that had been crucified with him;
ASV: The soldiers therefore came, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other that was crucified with him:
| ἦλθον | Came |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἔρχομαι Sense: to come. |
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| στρατιῶται | soldiers |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: στρατιώτης Sense: a (common) soldier. |
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| τοῦ | of the |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| μὲν | indeed |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: μέν Sense: truly, certainly, surely, indeed. |
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| πρώτου | first |
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Parse: Adjective, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: πρῶτος Sense: first in time or place. |
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| κατέαξαν | broke |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: κατάγνυμι Sense: to break. |
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| σκέλη | legs |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: σκέλος Sense: the leg, from the hip to the toes inclusive. |
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| ἄλλου | other |
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Parse: Adjective, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ἄλλος Sense: another, other. |
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| τοῦ | - |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| συσταυρωθέντος | having been crucified with |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Passive, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: συσταυρόω Sense: to crucify alone with. |
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Greek Commentary for John 19:32
First aorist passive articular participle of συνσταυροω sunstauroō with associative instrumental case. Cf. Paul‘s Χριστωι συνεσταυρωμαι Christōi sunestaurōmai (Galatians 2:19). [source]
A detail recorded only by John. This crurifragium, leg-breaking, consisted in striking the legs with a heavy mallet in order to expedite death. It was sometimes inflicted as a punishment upon slaves. Some horrible illustrations are furnished by Suetonius, in his lives of Augustus and Tiberius. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 19:32
Perfect active participle of τνησκω thnēskō So then Jesus died before the robbers, died of a broken heart. They brake not The augment is proper here (see John 19:32). [source]
This compound verb is used by Paul only here and Romans 6:6. In the gospels, Matthew 27:44; Mark 15:32; John 19:32. The statement explains how a believer dies to the law by means of the law itself. In the crucifixion of Christ as one accursed, the demand of the law was met (see Galatians 3:13). Ethically, a believer is crucified with Christ (Romans 6:3-11; Philemon 3:10; 1 Corinthians 15:31; 2 Corinthians 4:10), and thus the demand of the law is fulfilled in him likewise. Paul means that, “owing to his connection with the crucified, he was like him, legally impure, and was thus an outcast from the Jewish church.” He became dead to the law by the law's own act. Of course a Jew would have answered that Christ was justly crucified. He would have said: “If you broke with the law because of your fellowship with Christ, it proved that both he and you were transgressors.” But Paul is addressing Peter, who, in common with himself, believed on Christ (Galatians 2:16). [source]
One of Paul‘s greatest mystical sayings. Perfect passive indicative of συσταυροω sustauroō with the associative instrumental case Paul uses the same word in Romans 6:6 for the same idea. In the Gospels it occurs of literal crucifixion about the robbers and Christ (Matthew 27:44; Mark 15:32; John 19:32). Paul died to the law and was crucified with Christ. He uses often the idea of dying with Christ (Galatians 5:24; Galatians 6:14; Romans 6:8; Colossians 2:20) and burial with Christ also (Romans 6:4; Colossians 2:12). [source]