KJV: And the servants and officers stood there, who had made a fire of coals; for it was cold: and they warmed themselves: and Peter stood with them, and warmed himself.
YLT: and the servants and the officers were standing, having made a fire of coals, because it was cold, and they were warming themselves, and Peter was standing with them, and warming himself.
Darby: But the bondmen and officers, having made a fire of coals (for it was cold), stood and warmed themselves; and Peter was standing with them and warming himself.
ASV: Now the servants and the officers were standing there , having made a fire of coals; for it was cold; and they were warming themselves: and Peter also was with them, standing and warming himself.
| Εἱστήκεισαν | Were standing |
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Parse: Verb, Pluperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: ἵστημι Sense: to cause or make to stand, to place, put, set. |
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| δὲ | now |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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| δοῦλοι | servants |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: δοῦλοσ1 Sense: a slave, bondman, man of servile condition. |
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| ὑπηρέται | officers |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ὑπηρέτης Sense: servant. |
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| ἀνθρακιὰν | a fire of coals |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ἀνθρακιά Sense: a heap of burning coals. |
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| πεποιηκότες | having made |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Plural Root: ποιέω Sense: to make. |
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| ψῦχος | cold |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Neuter Singular Root: ψῦχος Sense: cold. |
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| ἦν | it was |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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| ἐθερμαίνοντο | they were warming themselves |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Plural Root: θερμαίνω Sense: to make warm, to heat. |
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| καὶ | also |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: καί Sense: and, also, even, indeed, but. |
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| ὁ | - |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Πέτρος | Peter |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Πέτρος Sense: one of the twelve disciples of Jesus. |
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| ἑστὼς | standing |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἵστημι Sense: to cause or make to stand, to place, put, set. |
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| θερμαινόμενος | warming himself |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Middle, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: θερμαίνω Sense: to make warm, to heat. |
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Greek Commentary for John 18:18
Old word, in lxx, only here and John 21:9 in N.T. A heap of burning coals Cf. our “anthracite.” It was cold “There was coldness.” The soldiers had apparently returned to their barracks. Were warming themselves Direct middle imperfect indicative of τερμαινω thermainō (from τερμος thermos). So as to τερμαινομενος thermainomenos about Peter. “Peter, unabashed by his lie, joined himself to the group and stood in the light of the fire” (Dods). [source]
It is discouraging to see how the A.V. habitually ignores the imperfect tense, and thus detracts from the liveliness of the narrative. Render, as Rev., were standing. [source]
Only here and John 21:9. Matthew does not mention the fire. Mark has τὸ φῶς , strictly, the light of the fire. Luke says they had kindled a fire ( πῦρ ). [source]
Rev., correctly, were warming. So, John 18:25, was standing and was warming, for stood and warmed. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 18:18
Mark mentions this fact about Peter twice (Mark 14:54, Mark 14:67) as does John (John 18:18, John 18:25). He was twice beside the fire. It is quite difficult to relate clearly the three denials as told in the Four Gospels. Each time several may have joined in, both maids and men. [source]
Literally, “By doing what shall I inherit eternal life?” Note the emphasis on “doing” The form of his question shows a wrong idea as to how to get it.Eternal life (ζωην αιωνιον zōēn aiōnion) is endless life as in John‘s Gospel (John 16:9; John 18:18, John 18:30) and in Matthew 25:46, which see note. [source]
(ζωην αιωνιον zōēn aiōnion) is endless life as in John‘s Gospel (John 16:9; John 18:18, John 18:30) and in Matthew 25:46, which see note. [source]
Facing (προς pros) the light, for the fire gave light as well as heat. Mark 14:65 has “warming himself in the light,” John (John 18:18, John 18:25) “warming himself.” [source]
Charcoal. See John 18:18. [source]
Rev., more correctly, was standing, since the imperfect tense denotes something in progress. Here, therefore, with the idea of waiting; was standing in expectation. Compare John 7:37; John 18:5, John 18:6, John 18:18. [source]
Same form in John 18:5 which see. So also ιστηκεισαν histēkeisan in John 18:18. Picture of Peter standing outside by the door. Unto the high priest Objective genitive here, but dative in John 18:15. Unto her that kept the door Old word (τυρα thura door, ωρα ōra care), masculine in John 10:3, feminine here, door-keeper (male or female). [source]
Two periphrastic imperfects precisely as in John 18:18, vivid renewal of the picture drawn there. John alone gives the examination of Jesus by Annas (John 18:19-24) which he places between the first and the second denials by Peter. Each of the Four Gospels gives three denials, but it is not possible to make a clear parallel as probably several people joined in each time. This time there was an hour‘s interval (Luke 22:59). The question and answer are almost identical with John 18:17 and “put in a form which almost suggested that Peter should say ‹No‘” (Bernard), a favourite device of the devil in making temptation attractive. [source]
As in Luke 5:2. They see Vivid historical present. A fire of coals See John 18:18 for this word. Cf. our “anthracite.” There Lying as placed, present middle participle of κειμαι keimai Fish As in John 6:9, John 6:11, like προσπαγιον prosphagion above. Laid thereon So broiling with bread ready (toast). [source]
Present imperative either middle (direct) or passive. We have τερμαινομαι thermainomai as a direct middle in John 18:18 (were warming themselves) and that makes good sense here: “Warm yourselves.” Χορταζω Chortazō was originally used for pasturing cattle, but came to be used of men also as here. “Feed yourselves” (if middle, as is likely). Instead of warm clothes and satisfying food they get only empty words to look out for themselves.And yet ye give not (μη δωτε δε mē dōte de). Third-class condition with δε de (and yet) and μη mē and the second aorist active subjunctive of διδωμι didōmi to give, cold deeds with warm words.The things needful to the body “The necessities of the body” (the necessaries of life). Old adjective from adverb επιτηδες epitēdes (enough), only here in N.T.What doth it profit? (τι οπελοσ ti ophelos̱). As in James 2:14 and here the conclusion (apodosis) of the long condition begun in James 2:15. [source]