KJV: He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart; that they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.
YLT: 'He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart, that they might not see with the eyes, and understand with the heart, and turn back, and I might heal them;'
Darby: He has blinded their eyes and hardened their heart, that they may not see with their eyes, and understand with their heart and be converted, and I should heal them.
ASV: He hath blinded their eyes, and he hardened their heart; Lest they should see with their eyes, and perceive with their heart, And should turn, And I should heal them.
| Τετύφλωκεν | He has blinded |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: τυφλόω Sense: to blind, make blind. |
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| αὐτῶν | of them |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| ὀφθαλμοὺς | eyes |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ὀφθαλμός Sense: the eye. |
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| ἐπώρωσεν | has hardened |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: πωρόω Sense: to cover with a thick skin, to harden by covering with a callus. |
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| καρδίαν | heart |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: καρδία Sense: the heart. |
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| ἵνα | that |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: ἵνα Sense: that, in order that, so that. |
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| ἴδωσιν | they should see |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: εἶδον Sense: to see with the eyes. |
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| τοῖς | with the |
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Parse: Article, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| ὀφθαλμοῖς | eyes |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ὀφθαλμός Sense: the eye. |
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| νοήσωσιν | understand |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: νοέω Sense: to perceive with the mind, to understand, to have understanding. |
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| τῇ | with the |
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Parse: Article, Dative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| καρδίᾳ | heart |
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Parse: Noun, Dative Feminine Singular Root: καρδία Sense: the heart. |
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| στραφῶσιν | turn |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Passive, 3rd Person Plural Root: στρέφω Sense: to turn, turn around. |
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| ἰάσομαι | I will heal |
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Parse: Verb, Future Indicative Middle, 1st Person Singular Root: ἰάομαι Sense: to cure, heal. |
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Greek Commentary for John 12:40
Perfect active indicative of τυπλοω tuphloō old causative verb to make blind (from τυπλος tuphlos blind), in N.T. only here, 2 Corinthians 4:4; 1 John 2:11. He hardened First aorist active indicative of πωροω pōroō a late causative verb (from πωρος pōros hard skin), seen already in Mark 6:52, etc. This quotation is from Isaiah 6:10 and differs from the lxx. Lest they should see Negative purpose clause with ινα μη hina mē instead of μηποτε mēpote (never used by John) of the lxx. Matthew (Matthew 13:15) has μηποτε mēpote and quotes Jesus as using the passage as do Mark (Mark 4:12) and Luke (Luke 8:10). Paul quotes it again (Acts 28:26) to the Jews in Rome. In each instance the words of Isaiah are interpreted as forecasting the doom of the Jews for rejecting the Messiah. Matthew (Matthew 13:15) has συνωσιν sunōsin where John has νοησωσιν noēsōsin (perceive), and both change from the subjunctive to the future (και ιασομαι kai iasomai), “And I should heal them.” John has here στραπωσιν straphōsin (second aorist passive subjunctive of στρεπω strephō) while Matthew reads επιστρεπσωσιν epistrepsōsin (first aorist active of επιστρεπω epistrephō). [source]
These words of Isaiah are repeated five times in the New Testament as the description of the Jewish people in its latest stage of decay. Matthew 13:13; Mark 4:12; Luke 8:10; John 12:40; Acts 28:26. [source]
See on the kindred noun πώρωσις , hardness, Mark 3:5. [source]
Rev., better, perceive. Mark has συνιῶσιν , understand. See on understanding, Luke 2:47. [source]
See on Matthew 13:15; see on Luke 22:32. Rev., more accurately, turn, with the idea of turning to or toward something ( ἐπί ). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 12:40
These words of Isaiah are repeated five times in the New Testament as the description of the Jewish people in its latest stage of decay. Matthew 13:13; Mark 4:12; Luke 8:10; John 12:40; Acts 28:26. [source]
Second aorist active imperative instead of the old form ειπε eipe The quotation is from Isaiah 6:9, Isaiah 6:10. This very passage is quoted by Jesus (Matthew 13:14, Matthew 13:15; Mark 4:12; Luke 8:10) in explanation of his use of parables and in John 12:40 the very point made by Paul here, “the disbelief of the Jews in Jesus” (Page). See note on Matthew 13:14 for discussion of the language used. Here the first time (“go to this people and say”) does not occur in Matthew. It is a solemn dirge of the doom of the Jews for their rejection of the Messiah foreseen so long ago by Isaiah. [source]