KJV: Jesus said, Take ye away the stone. Martha, the sister of him that was dead, saith unto him, Lord, by this time he stinketh: for he hath been dead four days.
YLT: Jesus saith, 'Take ye away the stone;' the sister of him who hath died -- Martha -- saith to him, 'Sir, already he stinketh, for he is four days dead;'
Darby: Jesus says, Take away the stone. Martha, the sister of the dead, says to him, Lord, he stinks already, for he is four days there.
ASV: Jesus saith, Take ye away the stone. Martha, the sister of him that was dead, saith unto him, Lord, by this time the body decayeth; for he hath been dead four days.
| λέγει | Says |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to say, to speak. |
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| ὁ | - |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Ἰησοῦς | Jesus |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰησοῦς Sense: Joshua was the famous captain of the Israelites, Moses’ successor. |
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| Ἄρατε | Take away |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Imperative Active, 2nd Person Plural Root: αἴρω Sense: to raise up, elevate, lift up. |
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| λίθον | stone |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: λίθος Sense: a stone. |
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| αὐτῷ | to Him |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| ἀδελφὴ | sister |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ἀδελφή Sense: a full, own sister. |
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| τοῦ | of the [one] |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| τετελευτηκότος | having died |
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Parse: Verb, Perfect Participle Active, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: τελευτάω Sense: to finish, bring to and end, close. |
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| Μάρθα | Martha |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: Μάρθα Sense: was the sister of Lazarus and Mary of Bethany. |
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| Κύριε | Lord |
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Parse: Noun, Vocative Masculine Singular Root: κύριος Sense: he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has power of deciding; master, lord. |
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| ἤδη | already |
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Parse: Adverb Root: ἤδη Sense: now, already. |
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| ὄζει | he stinks |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ὄζω Sense: to give out an odour (either good or bad), to smell, emit a smell. |
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| τεταρταῖος | four days |
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Parse: Adjective, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: τεταρταῖος Sense: on the fourth day. |
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| ἐστιν | it is |
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Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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Greek Commentary for John 11:39
First aorist active imperative of αιρω airō They could do this much without the exercise of Christ‘s divine power. It was a startling command to them. By this time he stinketh Present active indicative of old verb, here only in N.T. (cf. Exodus 8:14). It means to give out an odour, either good or bad. For he hath been dead four days The Greek simply says, “For he is a fourth-day man.” It is an old ordinal numeral from τεταρτος tetartos (fourth). Herodotus (ii. 89) has τεταρταιος γενεσται tetartaios genesthai of one four days dead as here. The word is only here in the N.T. The same idiom occurs in Acts 28:13 with δευτεραιοι deuteraioi (second-day men). Lightfoot (Hor. Hebr.) quotes a Jewish tradition (Beresh. Rabba) to the effect that the soul hovers around the tomb for three days hoping to return to the body, but on the fourth day leaves it. But there is no suggestion here that Martha held that notion. Her protest is a natural one in spite of her strong faith in John 11:22-27. [source]
The stone was placed over the entrance mainly to guard against wild beasts, and could easily be removed. [source]
An apparently superfluous detail, but added in order to give point to her remonstrance at the removal of the stone, by emphasizing the natural reluctance of a sister to have the corrupted body of her brother exposed. [source]
Only here in the New Testament. Not indicating an experience of her sense, which has been maintained by some expositors, and sometimes expressed in the pictorial treatment of the subject, but merely her inference from the fact that he had been dead four days. [source]
A peculiar Greek idiom. He is a fourth-day man. So Acts 28:13, after one day: literally, being second-day men, The common Jewish idea was that the soul hovered about the body until the third day, when corruption began, and it took its flight. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 11:39
Genitive absolute again, and for all the world like that fatal south wind in Acts 27:13, but with no bad results this time, though the weather was plainly treacherous at this early season. On the second day This is the classical use of the predicate adjective, “We second day men” as in Luke 24:22; John 11:39; Philemon 3:5 instead of the adverb (Robertson, Grammar, p. 657). To Puteoli (εις Ποτιολους eis Potiolous). It was 182 miles from Rhegium and would require 26 hours (Page). It was eight miles northwest from Neapolis (Naples) and the chief port of Rome, the regular harbour for the Alexandrian ships from Rome. Portions of the great mole are said to be still visible. [source]
This is the classical use of the predicate adjective, “We second day men” as in Luke 24:22; John 11:39; Philemon 3:5 instead of the adverb (Robertson, Grammar, p. 657). To Puteoli (εις Ποτιολους eis Potiolous). It was 182 miles from Rhegium and would require 26 hours (Page). It was eight miles northwest from Neapolis (Naples) and the chief port of Rome, the regular harbour for the Alexandrian ships from Rome. Portions of the great mole are said to be still visible. [source]
Lit., eight days old in circumcision; or passing the eighth day. For the idiom, see on John 11:39, and compare Acts 28:13. Converts to Judaism were circumcised in maturity: Ishmaelites in their thirteenth year. He was thus shown to be neither a heathen nor an Ishmaelite. [source]
“I have more ground for boasting than he” and Paul proceeds to prove it in the rest of Phlippians 3:5, Phlippians 3:6. Circumcised the eighth day (περιτομηι οκταημερος peritomēi oktaēmeros). “In circumcision (locative case) an eighth day man.” Use of the ordinal with persons like τεταρταιος tetartaios (John 11:39). Ishmaelites were circumcised in the thirteenth year, proselytes from Gentiles in mature age, Jews on the eighth day (Luke 2:21). Of the stock of Israel Of the original stock, not a proselyte. Benjamin (ενιαμιν Beniamin). Son of the right hand (that is, left-handed), son of Rachel. The first King, Saul (Paul‘s own Hebrew name) was from this little tribe. The battle cry of Israel was “After thee, O Benjamin” (Judges 5:14). A Hebrew of the Hebrews Of Hebrew parents who retained the characteristic qualities in language and custom as distinct from the Hellenistic Jews (Acts 6:1). Paul was from Tarsus and knew Greek as well as Aramaic (Acts 21:40; Acts 22:2) and Hebrew, but he had not become Hellenized. A Pharisee (Παρισαιος Pharisaios). In distinction from the Sadducees (Galatians 1:14) and he continued a Pharisee in many essential matters like the doctrine of the resurrection (Acts 23:6). Cf. 2 Corinthians 11:22. [source]
“In circumcision (locative case) an eighth day man.” Use of the ordinal with persons like τεταρταιος tetartaios (John 11:39). Ishmaelites were circumcised in the thirteenth year, proselytes from Gentiles in mature age, Jews on the eighth day (Luke 2:21). [source]