KJV: Then said Martha unto Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died.
YLT: Martha, therefore, said unto Jesus, 'Sir, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died;
Darby: Martha therefore said to Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died;
ASV: Martha therefore said unto Jesus, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died.
| Εἶπεν | Said |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to speak, say. |
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| ἡ | - |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Μάρθα | Martha |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: Μάρθα Sense: was the sister of Lazarus and Mary of Bethany. |
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| ‹τὸν› | - |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Ἰησοῦν | Jesus |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Ἰησοῦς Sense: Joshua was the famous captain of the Israelites, Moses’ successor. |
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| Κύριε | Lord |
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Parse: Noun, Vocative Masculine Singular Root: κύριος Sense: he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has power of deciding; master, lord. |
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| ἦς | You had been |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 2nd Person Singular Root: εἰμί Sense: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present. |
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| ὧδε | here |
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Parse: Adverb Root: ὧδε Sense: here, to this place, etc. |
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| ἂν | - |
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Parse: Particle Root: ἄν Sense: has no exact English equivalent, see definitions under AV. |
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| ἀπέθανεν | would have died |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: ἀποθνῄσκω Sense: to die. |
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| ἀδελφός | brother |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἀδελφός Sense: a brother, whether born of the same two parents or only of the same father or mother. |
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| μου | of me |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 1st Person Singular Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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Greek Commentary for John 11:21
Condition of the second class with ης ei and the imperfect ειμι ēs (no aorist of αν eimi to be) in the condition and αποτνησκω an with the second aorist active indicative of ης apothnēskō Mary (John 11:32) uses these identical words to Jesus. Clearly they had said so to each other with wistful longing if not with a bit of reproach for his delay. But they used ηλτες ēs not εγενου ēlthes or egenou But busy, practical Martha comes to the point. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for John 11:21
Bengel's comment is beautiful and characteristic. “It accords beautifully with divine propriety that we read of no one having died while the Prince of life was present. If you suppose that death could not, in the presence of Jesus, have assailed Lazarus, the language of the two sisters, John 11:21, John 11:32, attains loftier meaning; and the Lord's joy at His own absence is explained.” [source]
Second aorist active of πιπτω piptō to fall. Note unusual position of αυτου autou This impulsive act like Mary. She said precisely what Martha had said to Jesus (John 11:21). But she said no more, only wept (John 11:33). [source]
Imperfect middle of δυναμαι dunamai They do not say δυναται dunatai (can, present middle indicative). But clearly the opening of the blind man‘s eyes (chapter 9) had made a lasting impression on some of these Jews, for it was done three months ago. Have caused that this man also should not die First aorist active infinitive of ποιεω poieō with ινα hina like the Latin facere ut (sub-final use, Robertson, Grammar, p. 985), with the second aorist active subjunctive αποτανηι apothanēi and negative μη mē These Jews share the view expressed by Martha (John 11:21) and Mary (John 11:32) that Jesus could have prevented the death of Lazarus. [source]
See John 1:38. Come down Second aorist active imperative, tense and tone of urgency. Ερε μψ χιλδ διε Ere my child die Regular idiom with πριν prin in positive clause, second aorist active infinitive of αποτνησκω apothnēskō and accusative of general reference, “before dying as to my child.” Bengel notes that he only thought Jesus had power before death as even Martha and Mary felt at first (John 11:21, John 11:32). But the father‘s heart goes out to Jesus. [source]