KJV: But the scripture hath concluded all under sin, that the promise by faith of Jesus Christ might be given to them that believe.
YLT: but the Writing did shut up the whole under sin, that the promise by faith of Jesus Christ may be given to those believing.
Darby: but the scripture has shut up all things under sin, that the promise, on the principle of faith of Jesus Christ, should be given to those that believe.
ASV: But the scriptures shut up all things under sin, that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to them that believe.
συνέκλεισεν | imprisoned |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: συγκλείω Sense: to shut up together, enclose. |
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γραφὴ | Scripture |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: γραφή Sense: a writing, thing written. |
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τὰ | things |
Parse: Article, Accusative Neuter Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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ὑπὸ | under |
Parse: Preposition Root: ὑπό Sense: by, under. |
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ἁμαρτίαν | sin |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ἁμαρτία Sense: equivalent to 264. |
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ἵνα | so that |
Parse: Conjunction Root: ἵνα Sense: that, in order that, so that. |
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ἐπαγγελία | promise |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Feminine Singular Root: ἐπαγγελία Sense: announcement. |
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πίστεως | faith |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: πίστις Sense: conviction of the truth of anything, belief; in the NT of a conviction or belief respecting man’s relationship to God and divine things, generally with the included idea of trust and holy fervour born of faith and joined with it. |
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Ἰησοῦ | from Jesus |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Ἰησοῦς Sense: Joshua was the famous captain of the Israelites, Moses’ successor. |
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Χριστοῦ | Christ |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Χριστός Sense: Christ was the Messiah, the Son of God. |
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δοθῇ | might be given |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Subjunctive Passive, 3rd Person Singular Root: διδῶ Sense: to give. |
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τοῖς | to those |
Parse: Article, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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πιστεύουσιν | believing |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Dative Masculine Plural Root: πιστεύω Sense: to think to be true, to be persuaded of, to credit, place confidence in. |
Greek Commentary for Galatians 3:22
Did shut together. First aorist active indicative of συνκλειω sunkleiō old verb to shut together, on all sides, completely as a shoal of fish in a net (Luke 5:6). So Galatians 3:23; Romans 11:32. [source]
See υπο καταραν hupo kataran in Galatians 3:10. As if the lid closed in on us over a massive chest that we could not open or as prisoners in a dungeon. He uses τα παντα ta panta (the all things), the totality of everything. See Romans 3:10-19; Romans 11:32. That (ινα hina). God‘s purpose, personifying scripture again. Might be given First aorist passive subjunctive of διδωμι didōmi with ινα hina f0). [source]
God‘s purpose, personifying scripture again. [source]
First aorist passive subjunctive of διδωμι didōmi with ινα hina f0). [source]
d But it is not true that the law gives life, for the law, according to scripture, condemned all alike. [source]
Scripture is personified. See on Galatians 3:8. [source]
Better, hath shut up, as a jailer. Only in Paul, with the exception of Luke 5:6. Frequent in lxx. Not included with others, but confined as within an enclosure, as Luke 5:6, of the net enclosing the fish. Comp. Exodus 14:3; Joshua 6:1; Romans href="/desk/?q=ro+3:10-19&sr=1">Romans 3:10-19; Romans 11:32. [source]
Neuter, all things collectively: = all men. For the neuter in a similar comprehensive sense, see 1 Corinthians 1:27; Colossians 1:20; Ephesians 1:10. [source]
In order that. That which is represented through a personification as the act of Scripture, is the act of God, according to a definite purpose that the promise should be inherited by believers only, through faith in Jesus Christ. [source]
That is, the thing promised; the inheritance, Galatians 3:18. [source]
Const. with the promise, not with might be given. The promised gift which is the result of faith. The false teachers claimed that it was the result of works. [source]
Not tautological. Even the Judaisers held that salvation was intended for believers, but also that legal obedience was its procuring cause; against which Paul asserts that it is simply for those that believe. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Galatians 3:22
Only here, Luke 5:6; Galatians 3:22, Galatians 3:23. A very literal rendering, etymologically considered; con together, claudere to shut. The A.V. followed the Vulgate conclusit. So Hooker: “The person of Christ was only touching bodily substance concluded within the grave.” The word has lost this sense. Rev., hath shut up. Some explain in the later Greek sense, to hand over to a power which holds in ward. [source]
First aorist active indicative of συνκλειω sunkleiō to shut together like a net (Luke 5:6). See note on Galatians 3:22 for this word with υπο αμαρτιαν hupo hamartian (under sin). This is a resultant (effective) aorist because of the disbelief and disobedience of both Gentile (1:17-32) and Jew (2:1-3:20). [source]
The American Revisers render it: “Are we in better case than they?” There is still no fresh light on this difficult and common word though it occurs alone in the N.T. In the active it means to have before, to excel. But here it is either middle or passive. Thayer takes it to be middle and to mean to excel to one‘s advantage and argues that the context demands this. But no example of the middle in this sense has been found. If it is taken as passive, Lightfoot takes it to mean, “Are we excelled” and finds that sense in Plutarch. Vaughan takes it as passive but meaning, “Are we preferred?” This suits the context, but no other example has been found. So the point remains unsettled. The papyri throw no light on it. No, in no wise (ου παντως ou pantōs). “Not at all.” See note on 1 Corinthians 5:10. We before laid to the charge First aorist middle indicative of προαιτιαομαι proaitiaomai to make a prior accusation, a word not yet found anywhere else. Paul refers to Romans 1:18-32 for the Greeks and 2:1-29 for the Jews. The infinitive ειναι einai with the accusative παντας pantas is in indirect discourse. Under sin (υπο αμαρτιαν hupo hamartian). See note on Galatians 3:22; Romans 7:14. [source]
First aorist middle indicative of προαιτιαομαι proaitiaomai to make a prior accusation, a word not yet found anywhere else. Paul refers to Romans 1:18-32 for the Greeks and 2:1-29 for the Jews. The infinitive ειναι einai with the accusative παντας pantas is in indirect discourse. Under sin (υπο αμαρτιαν hupo hamartian). See note on Galatians 3:22; Romans 7:14. [source]
See note on Galatians 3:22; Romans 7:14. [source]
The passage of Scripture is personified. Comp. hath concluded, Galatians 3:22. The Jews had a formula of reference, “What did the Scripture see?” [source]
Ἑκ πίστεως fromor out of faith, is found with the verb to justify (Romans 3:26, Romans 3:30; Romans 5:1): with other verbs, as live (Romans 1:17); eat (Romans 14:23): with the noun δικαιοσύνη righteousness(Romans 1:17; Romans 9:30; Romans 10:6): with other nouns, as promise (Galatians 3:22), law (Galatians 3:12). For parallels to the phrase οἱ ἐκ πίστεως , see Romans 3:26; Romans 4:16; Romans 14:23; Galatians 3:9. It denotes believers as sprung from, or receiving their spiritual condition from that which specially characterizes them. Comp. οἱ ἐξ ἐριθίας theywho are of faction, Romans 2:8; οἱ ἐκ νόμου theywho are of the law, Romans 4:14; ὁ ἐκ τῆς ἀληθείας hewho is of the truth, John 18:37. [source]
Better, kept in ward, continuing the figure in shut up, Galatians 3:22. The imperfect tense indicates the continued activity of the law as a warder. [source]
Second aorist active participle of προοραω prooraō The Scripture is here personified. Alone in this sense of “sight,” but common with λεγει legei or ειπεν eipen (says, said) and really in Galatians 3:22 “hath shut up” (συνεκλεισεν sunekleisen). [source]
“Before the coming (second aorist active infinitive of ερχομαι erchomai definite event) as to the Faith” (note article, meaning the faith in Galatians 3:22 made possible by the historic coming of Christ the Redeemer), the faith in Christ as Saviour (Galatians 3:22). [source]
Imperfect passive of προυρεω phroureō to guard (from προυρος phrouros a guard). See note on Acts 9:24; note on 2 Corinthians 11:32. It was a long progressive imprisonment. Unto the faith which should afterwards be revealed (eis tēn mellousan pistin apokaluphthēnai). “Unto the faith (Galatians 3:22 again) about to be revealed.” Mellō and the first aorist passive infinitive (regular idiom). [source]
“Unto the faith (Galatians 3:22 again) about to be revealed.” Mellō and the first aorist passive infinitive (regular idiom). [source]