The Meaning of Deuteronomy 19:11 Explained

Deuteronomy 19:11

KJV: But if any man hate his neighbour, and lie in wait for him, and rise up against him, and smite him mortally that he die, and fleeth into one of these cities:

YLT: And when a man is hating his neighbour, and hath lain in wait for him, and risen against him, and smitten him -- the life, and he hath died, and he hath fled unto one of these cities,

Darby: But if a man hate his neighbour, and lie in wait for him, and rise up against him, and smite him mortally that he die, and he flee into one of these cities,

ASV: But if any man hate his neighbor, and lie in wait for him, and rise up against him, and smite him mortally so that he dieth, and he flee into one of these cities;

KJV Reverse Interlinear

But if any man  hate  his neighbour,  and lie in wait  for him, and rise up  against him, and smite  him mortally  that he die,  and fleeth  into one  of these  cities: 

What does Deuteronomy 19:11 Mean?

Chapter Summary: Deuteronomy 19

1  The cities of refuge
4  The privilege thereof for the manslayer
14  The landmark is not to be removed
15  At least two witnesses are required
16  the punishment of a false witness

What do the individual words in Deuteronomy 19:11 mean?

But if comes anyone to hate his neighbor and lies in wait for him and rises against him and strikes him mortally so that he dies and he flees to one of cities these
וְכִֽי־ יִהְיֶ֥ה אִישׁ֙ שֹׂנֵ֣א לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ וְאָ֤רַב לוֹ֙ וְקָ֣ם עָלָ֔יו וְהִכָּ֥הוּ נֶ֖פֶשׁ וָמֵ֑ת וְנָ֕ס אֶל־ אַחַ֖ת הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵֽל

וְכִֽי־  But  if 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Conjunction
Root: כִּי 
Sense: that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since.
יִהְיֶ֥ה  comes 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: אֶהְיֶה 
Sense: to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out.
אִישׁ֙  anyone 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular
Root: אִישׁ 
Sense: man.
שֹׂנֵ֣א  to  hate 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Participle, masculine singular
Root: שָׂנֵא  
Sense: to hate, be hateful.
לְרֵעֵ֔הוּ  his  neighbor 
Parse: Preposition-l, Noun, masculine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: רֵעַ  
Sense: friend, companion, fellow, another person.
וְאָ֤רַב  and  lies  in  wait 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Conjunctive perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: אָרַב  
Sense: to lie in wait, ambush, lurk.
לוֹ֙  for  him 
Parse: Preposition, third person masculine singular
וְקָ֣ם  and  rises 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Conjunctive perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: קוּם 
Sense: to rise, arise, stand, rise up, stand up.
עָלָ֔יו  against  him 
Parse: Preposition, third person masculine singular
Root: עַל 
Sense: upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against.
וְהִכָּ֥הוּ  and  strikes  him 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Hifil, Conjunctive perfect, third person masculine singular, third person masculine singular
Root: נָכָה  
Sense: to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill.
נֶ֖פֶשׁ  mortally 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular
Root: נֶפֶשׁ  
Sense: soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion.
וָמֵ֑ת  so  that  he  dies 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Conjunctive perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: מוּת  
Sense: to die, kill, have one executed.
וְנָ֕ס  and  he  flees 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Conjunctive perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: נוּס  
Sense: to flee, escape.
אַחַ֖ת  one 
Parse: Number, feminine singular construct
Root: אֶחָד  
Sense: one (number).
הֶעָרִ֥ים  of  cities 
Parse: Article, Noun, feminine plural
Root: עִיר 
Sense: excitement, anguish.
הָאֵֽל  these 
Parse: Article, Pronoun, common plural
Root: אֵל  
Sense: these, those.