KJV: But after long abstinence Paul stood forth in the midst of them, and said, Sirs, ye should have hearkened unto me, and not have loosed from Crete, and to have gained this harm and loss.
YLT: And there having been long fasting, then Paul having stood in the midst of them, said, 'It behoved you, indeed, O men -- having hearkened to me -- not to set sail from Crete, and to save this hurt and damage;
Darby: And when they had been a long while without taking food, Paul then standing up in the midst of them said, Ye ought, O men, to have hearkened to me, and not have made sail from Crete and have gained this disaster and loss.
ASV: And when they had been long without food, then Paul stood forth in the midst of them, and said, Sirs, ye should have hearkened unto me, and not have set sail from Crete, and have gotten this injury and loss.
| Πολλῆς | Much |
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Parse: Adjective, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: πολύς Sense: many, much, large. |
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| τε | also |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: τέ Sense: not only … but also. |
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| ἀσιτίας | time without food |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ἀσιτία Sense: abstinence from food (whether voluntary or enforced). |
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| ὑπαρχούσης | there being |
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Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ὑπάρχω Sense: to begin below, to make a beginning. |
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| τότε | at that time |
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Parse: Adverb Root: τότε Sense: then. |
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| σταθεὶς | having stood up |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Passive, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ἵστημι Sense: to cause or make to stand, to place, put, set. |
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| ὁ | - |
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Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Παῦλος | Paul |
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Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Παῦλος Sense: Paul was the most famous of the apostles and wrote a good part of the NT, the 4 Pauline epistles. |
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| μέσῳ | midst |
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Parse: Adjective, Dative Neuter Singular Root: μέσος Sense: middle. |
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| αὐτῶν | of them |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Plural Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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| εἶπεν | he said |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: λέγω Sense: to speak, say. |
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| Ἔδει | It behooved [you] |
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Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: δεῖ Sense: it is necessary, there is need of, it behooves, is right and proper. |
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| μέν | indeed |
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Parse: Conjunction Root: μέν Sense: truly, certainly, surely, indeed. |
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| ὦ | O |
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Parse: Interjection Root: ὦ2 Sense: the interjection, O!. |
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| ἄνδρες | men |
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Parse: Noun, Vocative Masculine Plural Root: ἀνήρ Sense: with reference to sex. |
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| πειθαρχήσαντάς | having been obedient |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: πειθαρχέω Sense: to obey (a ruler or a superior). |
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| μοι | to me |
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Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 1st Person Singular Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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| ἀνάγεσθαι | to have set sail |
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Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Middle or Passive Root: ἀνάγω Sense: to lead up, to lead or bring into a higher place. |
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| τῆς | - |
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Parse: Article, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| Κρήτης | Crete |
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Parse: Noun, Genitive Feminine Singular Root: Κρήτη Sense: the largest and most fertile island of the Mediterranean archipelago or Aegean Sea, now the modern Candia. |
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| κερδῆσαί | to have incurred |
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Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active Root: ἐπικερδαίνω Sense: to gain, acquire, to get gain. |
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| ὕβριν | disaster |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ὕβρις Sense: insolence. |
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| ταύτην | this |
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Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: οὗτος Sense: this. |
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| τὴν | - |
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Parse: Article, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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| ζημίαν | loss |
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Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ζημία Sense: damage, loss. |
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Greek Commentary for Acts 27:21
Genitive absolute, the old word ασιτια asitia from ασιτος asitos (Acts 27:33) α a privative and σιτος sitos food, here alone in N.T. Literally, “There being much abstinence from food.” They had plenty of grain on board, but no appetite to eat (sea-sickness) and no fires to cook it (Page). “Little heart being left for food” (Randall). Galen and other medical writers use ασιτια asitia and ασιτος asitos for want of appetite. [source]
As in Acts 1:15; Acts 2:14; Acts 17:22. Pictorial word (Page) that sets forth the vividness and solemnity of the scene (Knowling). Ye should have hearkened unto me (εδει μεν πειταρχησαντας μοι edei men peitharchēsantas moi). Literally, “It was necessary for you hearkening unto me not to set sail (μη αναγεσται mē anagesthai).” It was not the “I told you so” of a small nature, “but a reference to the wisdom of his former counsel in order to induce acceptance of his present advice” (Furneaux). The first aorist active participle is in the accusative of general reference with the present infinitive αναγεσται anagesthai And have gotten this injury and loss This Ionic form κερδησαι kerdēsai (from κερδαω kerdaō) rather than κερδηναι kerdēnai or κερδαναι kerdēnai is common in late Greek (Robertson, Grammar, p. 349). The Revised Version thus carries over the negative μη mē to this first aorist active infinitive κερδησαι kerdēsai from κερδαω kerdaō (cf. Matthew 16:26). But Page follows Thayer in urging that this is not exact, that Paul means that by taking his advice they ought to have escaped this injury and loss. “A person is said in Greek ‹to gain a loss‘ when, being in danger of incurring it, he by his conduct saves himself from doing so.” This is probably Paul‘s idea here. [source]
Literally, “It was necessary for you hearkening unto me not to set sail The first aorist active participle is in the accusative of general reference with the present infinitive αναγεσται anagesthai [source]
This Ionic form κερδησαι kerdēsai (from κερδαω kerdaō) rather than κερδηναι kerdēnai or κερδαναι kerdēnai is common in late Greek (Robertson, Grammar, p. 349). The Revised Version thus carries over the negative μη mē to this first aorist active infinitive κερδησαι kerdēsai from κερδαω kerdaō (cf. Matthew 16:26). But Page follows Thayer in urging that this is not exact, that Paul means that by taking his advice they ought to have escaped this injury and loss. “A person is said in Greek ‹to gain a loss‘ when, being in danger of incurring it, he by his conduct saves himself from doing so.” This is probably Paul‘s idea here. [source]
See on obey, Acts 5:29. [source]
Rev., set sail. See on Luke 8:22. [source]
See on Acts 27:10. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 27:21
First aorist passive indicative of αναγω anagō an old verb, to lead up, to put out to sea (looked at as going up from the land). This nautical sense of the verb occurs only in Luke in the N.T. and especially in the Acts (Acts 13:13; Acts 16:11; Acts 18:21; Acts 20:3, Acts 20:13; Acts 21:1, Acts 21:2; Acts 27:2, Acts 27:4, Acts 27:12, Acts 27:21; Acts 28:10.). [source]
The word literally means insolence, injury, and is used here metaphorically: insolence of the winds and waves, “like our 'sport' or 'riot' of the elements” (Hackett). Some take it literally, with presumption, as indicating the folly of undertaking a voyage at that season; but the use of the word in Acts 27:21is decisive against this. [source]
Took his stand with the eleven including Matthias, who also rose up with them, and spoke as their spokesman, a formal and impressive beginning. The Codex Bezae has “ten apostles.” Luke is fond of this pictorial use of στατεις statheis (first aorist passive participle of ιστημι histēmi) as seen nowhere else in the N.T. (Luke 18:11, Luke 18:40; Luke 19:8; Acts 5:20; Acts 17:22; Acts 27:21). [source]
Accusative plural neuter article of general reference in contrast with μεν men in Acts 27:21. Paul shows modesty (Bengel) in the mild contrast. [source]
Perfect middle indicative, state of completion and still true. Loss (ζημιαν zēmian). Old word for damage, loss. In N.T. only in Phil. and Acts 27:10, Acts 27:21. Debit side of the ledger, not credit. [source]
Old word for damage, loss. In N.T. only in Phil. and Acts 27:10, Acts 27:21. Debit side of the ledger, not credit. [source]
Remarkable double asyndeton, no και kai (and) between the two substantives or the two verbs. Πειταρχειν Peitharchein (to obey), old verb (from πειτομαι αρχη peithomaiπρος παν εργον αγατον ετοιμους ειναι archē), in N.T. only here and Acts 27:21. [source]
Comp. Acts 5:29, Acts 5:32; Acts 27:21. See on Acts 5:29. The idea of magistrates is contained in the word itself; but it is quite proper to render as Rev. to be obedient. Rare in lxx. [source]