KJV: And they drew Alexander out of the multitude, the Jews putting him forward. And Alexander beckoned with the hand, and would have made his defence unto the people.
YLT: and out of the multitude they put forward Alexander -- the Jews thrusting him forward -- and Alexander having beckoned with the hand, wished to make defence to the populace,
Darby: But from among the crowd they put forward Alexander, the Jews pushing him forward. And Alexander, beckoning with his hand, would have made a defence to the people.
ASV: And they brought Alexander out of the multitude, the Jews putting him forward. And Alexander beckoned with the hand, and would have made a defense unto the people.
ἐκ | Out of |
Parse: Preposition Root: ἐκ Sense: out of, from, by, away from. |
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δὲ | now |
Parse: Conjunction Root: δέ Sense: but, moreover, and, etc. |
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ὄχλου | crowd |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὄχλος Sense: a crowd. |
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συνεβίβασαν | to explain himself |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Plural Root: συμβιβάζω Sense: to cause to coalesce, to join together, put together. |
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Ἀλέξανδρον | Alexander |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Masculine Singular Root: Ἀλέξανδρος Sense: son of Simon of Cyrene who carried Jesus’s cross, Mk 5:2. |
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προβαλόντων | having thrust forward |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: προβάλλω Sense: to throw forward. |
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Ἰουδαίων | Jews |
Parse: Adjective, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: Ἰουδαῖος Sense: Jewish, belonging to the Jewish race. |
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ὁ | - |
Parse: Article, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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Ἀλέξανδρος | Alexander |
Parse: Noun, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: Ἀλέξανδρος Sense: son of Simon of Cyrene who carried Jesus’s cross, Mk 5:2. |
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κατασείσας | having motioned with |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Participle Active, Nominative Masculine Singular Root: κατασείω Sense: to shake down, throw down. |
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χεῖρα | hand |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: χείρ Sense: by the help or agency of any one, by means of any one. |
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ἤθελεν | was wanting |
Parse: Verb, Imperfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: θέλω Sense: to will, have in mind, intend. |
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ἀπολογεῖσθαι | to make a defense |
Parse: Verb, Present Infinitive Middle or Passive Root: ἀπολογέομαι Sense: to defend one’s self, make one’s defence. |
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τῷ | to the |
Parse: Article, Dative Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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δήμῳ | people |
Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: δῆμος Sense: the people, the mass of people assembled in a public place. |
Greek Commentary for Acts 19:33
The correct text (Aleph A B) has this verb συνεβιβασαν sunebibasan (from συνβιβαζω sunbibazō to put together) instead of προεβιβασαν proebibasan (from προβιβαζω probibazō to put forward). It is a graphic word, causal of βαινω bainō to go, and occurs in Acts 16:10; Colossians 2:19; Ephesians 4:16. Evidently some of the Jews grew afraid that the mob would turn on the Jews as well as on the Christians. Paul was a Jew and so was Aristarchus, one of the prisoners. The Jews were as strongly opposed to idolatry as were the Christians. [source]
Genitive absolute of the second aorist active participle of προβαλλω proballō old verb to push forward as leaves in the spring (Luke 21:30). In the N.T. only in these two passages. Alexandria had already disgraceful scenes of Jew-baiting and there was real peril now in Ephesus with this wild mob. So Alexander was pushed forward as the champion to defend the Jews to the excited mob. He may be the same Alexander the coppersmith who did Paul much evil (2 Timothy 4:14), against whom Paul will warn Timothy then in Ephesus. “The Jews were likely to deal in the copper and silver required for the shrines, so he may have had some trade connexion with the craftsmen which would give him influence” (Furneaux). Beckoned with the hand (κατασεισας την χειρα kataseisas tān cheira). Old verb κατασειω kataseiō to shake down, here the hand, rapidly waving the hand up and down to get a hearing. In the N.T. elsewhere only in Acts 12:17; Acts 13:16; Acts 21:40 where “with the hand” (τηι χειρι tāi cheiri instrumental case) is used instead of την χειρα tān cheira (the accusative). Would have made a defence unto the people Imperfect active, wanted to make a defence, tried to, started to, but apparently never got out a word. Απολογεισται Apologeisthai (present middle infinitive, direct middle, to defend oneself), regular word for formal apology, but in N.T. only by Luke and Paul (twice in Gospel, six times in Acts, and in Romans 2:15; 2 Corinthians 12:19). [source]
Old verb κατασειω kataseiō to shake down, here the hand, rapidly waving the hand up and down to get a hearing. In the N.T. elsewhere only in Acts 12:17; Acts 13:16; Acts 21:40 where “with the hand” (τηι χειρι tāi cheiri instrumental case) is used instead of την χειρα tān cheira (the accusative). [source]
Imperfect active, wanted to make a defence, tried to, started to, but apparently never got out a word. Απολογεισται Apologeisthai (present middle infinitive, direct middle, to defend oneself), regular word for formal apology, but in N.T. only by Luke and Paul (twice in Gospel, six times in Acts, and in Romans 2:15; 2 Corinthians 12:19). [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 19:33
See note on Acts 19:33 for a similar verb (προβαλοντων probalontōn), “pushing forward.” Here (Acts) the Textus Receptus uses προβιβαζω probibazō “It should require a good deal of ‹educating‘ to bring a young girl to make such a grim request” (Bruce). [source]
Second aorist active subjunctive of προβαλλω proballō common verb, but in the N.T. only here and Acts 19:33. [source]
First aorist active participle of ανοιγω anoigō or νυμι ̇numi The whole group rushed out to the courtyard this time to make sure. They were amazed (εχεστησαν exestēsan). The frequent second aorist active (intransitive) indicative of εχιστημι existēmi Acts 12:17 There were probably loud exclamations of astonishment and joy. Beckoning with the hand First aorist active participle of kataseiō old verb to signal or shake down with the hand (instrumental case cheiri). In the N.T. only in Acts 12:17; Acts 13:16; Acts 19:33; Acts 21:40. The speaker indicates by a downward movement of the hand his desire for silence (to hold their peace, sigāin present active infinitive, to keep silent). Peter was anxious for every precaution and he wanted their instant attention. Declared (diēgēsato). First aorist middle of diēgeomai old verb to carry through a narrative, give a full story. See also Acts 9:27 of Barnabas in his defence of Saul. Peter told them the wonderful story. Unto James and the brethren Dative case after apaggeilate (first aorist active imperative). Evidently “James and the brethren” were not at this meeting, probably meeting elsewhere. There was no place where all the thousands of disciples in Jerusalem could meet. This gathering in the house of Mary may have been of women only or a meeting of the Hellenists. It is plain that this James the Lord‘s brother, is now the leading presbyter or elder in Jerusalem though there were a number (Acts 11:30; Acts 21:18). Paul even terms him apostle (Galatians 1:19), though certainly not one of the twelve. The twelve apostles probably were engaged elsewhere in mission work save James now dead (Acts 12:2) and Peter. The leadership of James is here recognized by Peter and is due, partly to the absence of the twelve, but mainly to his own force of character. He will preside over the Jerusalem Conference (Acts 15:13). To another place (eis heteron topon). Probably Luke did not know the place and certainly it was prudent for Peter to conceal it from Herod Agrippa. Probably Peter left the city. He is back in Jerusalem at the Conference a few years later (Acts 15:7) and after the death of Herod Agrippa. Whether Peter went to Rome during these years we do not know. He was recognized later as the apostle to the circumcision (Galatians 2:7; 1 Peter 1:1) and apparently was in Rome with John Mark when he wrote the First Epistle (1 Peter 5:13), unless it is the real Babylon. But, even if Peter went to Rome during this early period, there is no evidence that he founded the church there. If he had done so, in the light of 2 Corinthians 10:16 it would be strange that Paul had not mentioned it in writing to Rome, for he was anxious not to build on another man‘s foundation (Romans 15:20). Paul felt sure that he himself had a work to do in Rome. Unfortunately Luke has not followed the ministry of Peter after this period as he does Paul (appearing again only in chapter Acts 15). If Peter really left Jerusalem at this time instead of hiding in the city, he probably did some mission work as Paul says that he did (1 Corinthians 9:5). [source]
He shook down to the multitude with the hand (instrumental case χειρι cheiri), while Alexander, Luke says (Acts 19:33), “shook down the hand” (accusative with the same verb, which see). In Acts 26:1 Paul reached out the hand (εκτεινας την χειρα ekteinas tēn cheira). [source]
Genitive absolute again, present middle participle of απολογεομαι apologeomai old verb to make defence as in Acts 19:33; Acts 24:10; Acts 26:1, Acts 26:2. The recitative οτι hoti of the Greek before a direct quotation is not reproduced in English. [source]
First aorist active participle of kataseiō old verb to signal or shake down with the hand (instrumental case cheiri). In the N.T. only in Acts 12:17; Acts 13:16; Acts 19:33; Acts 21:40. The speaker indicates by a downward movement of the hand his desire for silence (to hold their peace, sigāin present active infinitive, to keep silent). Peter was anxious for every precaution and he wanted their instant attention. Declared (diēgēsato). First aorist middle of diēgeomai old verb to carry through a narrative, give a full story. See also Acts 9:27 of Barnabas in his defence of Saul. Peter told them the wonderful story. Unto James and the brethren Dative case after apaggeilate (first aorist active imperative). Evidently “James and the brethren” were not at this meeting, probably meeting elsewhere. There was no place where all the thousands of disciples in Jerusalem could meet. This gathering in the house of Mary may have been of women only or a meeting of the Hellenists. It is plain that this James the Lord‘s brother, is now the leading presbyter or elder in Jerusalem though there were a number (Acts 11:30; Acts 21:18). Paul even terms him apostle (Galatians 1:19), though certainly not one of the twelve. The twelve apostles probably were engaged elsewhere in mission work save James now dead (Acts 12:2) and Peter. The leadership of James is here recognized by Peter and is due, partly to the absence of the twelve, but mainly to his own force of character. He will preside over the Jerusalem Conference (Acts 15:13). To another place (eis heteron topon). Probably Luke did not know the place and certainly it was prudent for Peter to conceal it from Herod Agrippa. Probably Peter left the city. He is back in Jerusalem at the Conference a few years later (Acts 15:7) and after the death of Herod Agrippa. Whether Peter went to Rome during these years we do not know. He was recognized later as the apostle to the circumcision (Galatians 2:7; 1 Peter 1:1) and apparently was in Rome with John Mark when he wrote the First Epistle (1 Peter 5:13), unless it is the real Babylon. But, even if Peter went to Rome during this early period, there is no evidence that he founded the church there. If he had done so, in the light of 2 Corinthians 10:16 it would be strange that Paul had not mentioned it in writing to Rome, for he was anxious not to build on another man‘s foundation (Romans 15:20). Paul felt sure that he himself had a work to do in Rome. Unfortunately Luke has not followed the ministry of Peter after this period as he does Paul (appearing again only in chapter Acts 15). If Peter really left Jerusalem at this time instead of hiding in the city, he probably did some mission work as Paul says that he did (1 Corinthians 9:5). [source]
First aorist middle participle of τεαομαι theaomai (from τεα thea a view, cf. theatre) to behold. In the very act of honouring the temple these Jews from Asia raise a hue and cry that he is dishonouring it. Paul was not known by face now to many of the Jerusalem Jews, though once the leader of the persecution after the death of Stephen and the outstanding young Jew of the day. But the Jews in Ephesus knew him only too well, some of whom are here at the pentecostal feast. They had plotted against him in Ephesus to no purpose (Acts 19:23-41; Acts 20:19), but now a new opportunity had come. It is possible that the cry was led by Alexander put forward by the Jews in Ephesus (Acts 19:33) who may be the same as Alexander the coppersmith who did Paul so much harm (2 Timothy 4:14). Paul was not in the inner sanctuary Stirred up all the multitude (συνεχεον παντα τον οχλον sunecheon panta ton ochlon). Imperfect (kept on) active of συνχεω suncheō or συνχυνω sunchunō (υννω ̇unnō), to pour together, to confuse as in Acts 2:6; Acts 9:22; Acts 19:31, Acts 19:32; Acts 21:31 and here to stir up by the same sort of confusion created by Demetrius in Ephesus where the same word is used twice (Acts 19:31, Acts 19:32). The Jews from Ephesus had learned it from Demetrius the silversmith. Laid hands on him Second aorist (ingressive, with endings of the first aorist, αν ̇an) active indicative of επιβαλλω epiballō old verb to lay upon, to attack (note repetition of επι epi). They attacked and seized Paul before the charge was made. [source]
Second perfect active participle of ιστημι histēmi to place, but intransitive to stand. Dramatic scene. Paul had faced many audiences and crowds, but never one quite like this. Most men would have feared to speak, but not so Paul. He will speak about himself only as it gives him a chance to put Christ before this angry Jewish mob who look on Paul as a renegade Jew, a turncoat, a deserter, who went back on Gamaliel and all the traditions of his people, who not only turned from Judaism to Christianity, but who went after Gentiles and treated Gentiles as if they were on a par with Jews. Paul knows only too well what this mob thinks of him. Beckoned with the hand (κατεσεισε τηι χειρι kateseise tēi cheiri). He shook down to the multitude with the hand (instrumental case χειρι cheiri), while Alexander, Luke says (Acts 19:33), “shook down the hand” (accusative with the same verb, which see). In Acts 26:1 Paul reached out the hand (εκτεινας την χειρα ekteinas tēn cheira). When there was made a great silence Genitive absolute again with second aorist middle participle of γινομαι ginomai “much silence having come.” Paul waited till silence had come. In the Hebrew language (τηι Εβραιδι διαλεκτωι tēi Ebraidi dialektōi). The Aramaean which the people in Jerusalem knew better than the Greek. Paul could use either tongue at will. His enemies had said in Corinth that “his bodily presence was weak and his speech contemptible” (2 Corinthians 10:10). But surely even they would have to admit that Paul‘s stature and words reach heroic proportions on this occasion. Self-possessed with majestic poise Paul faces the outraged mob beneath the stairs. [source]
Probably the same as the one in 2 Timothy 4:14, but not the Jew of that name in Acts 19:33, unless he had become a Christian since then. I delivered unto Satan (παρεδωκα τωι Σαταναι paredōka tōi Satanāi). See this very idiom (παραδουναι τωι Σαταναι paradounai tōi Satanāi) in 1 Corinthians 5:5. It is a severe discipline of apostolic authority, apparently exclusion and more than mere abandonment (1 Thessalonians 2:18; 1 Corinthians 5:11; 2 Corinthians 2:11), though it is an obscure matter. That they might be taught not to blaspheme Purpose clause with ινα hina and first aorist passive subjunctive of παιδευω paideuō For this use of this common late verb, see note on 1 Corinthians 11:32; 2 Corinthians 6:9. [source]
Comp. 2 Timothy 3:8, and Galatians 2:11. This may refer to the occurrences at Ephesus (Acts 19:33), or to Alexander's attitude during Paul's trial. The former is more probable. Λίαν greatlynot in Paul, except in the compound ὑπερλίαν , 2 Corinthians 11:5; 2 Corinthians 12:11. Only here in Pastorals. Mostly in Synoptic Gospels. [source]
Comp. 1 Timothy 1:20, and Acts 19:33. The same person is probably meant in all three cases. [source]
Old word, only here in N.T., for metal-worker (copper, iron, gold, etc.). Possibly the one in 1 Timothy 1:20, but not the one in Acts 19:33. unless he afterwards became a Christian. [source]