KJV: Not to all the people, but unto witnesses chosen before of God, even to us, who did eat and drink with him after he rose from the dead.
YLT: not to all the people, but to witnesses, to those having been chosen before by God -- to us who did eat with him, and did drink with him, after his rising out of the dead;
Darby: not of all the people, but of witnesses who were chosen before of God, us who have eaten and drunk with him after he arose from among the dead.
ASV: not to all the people, but unto witnesses that were chosen before of God, even to us, who ate and drank with him after he rose from the dead.
παντὶ | to all |
Parse: Adjective, Dative Masculine Singular Root: πᾶς Sense: individually. |
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λαῷ | people |
Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Singular Root: λαός Sense: a people, people group, tribe, nation, all those who are of the same stock and language. |
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μάρτυσιν | to [the] witnesses |
Parse: Noun, Dative Masculine Plural Root: μάρτυς Sense: a witness. |
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τοῖς | - |
Parse: Article, Dative Masculine Plural Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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προκεχειροτονημένοις | having been chosen beforehand |
Parse: Verb, Perfect Participle Middle or Passive, Dative Masculine Plural Root: προχειροτονέω Sense: to choose or designate beforehand. |
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τοῦ | - |
Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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Θεοῦ | God |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: θεός Sense: a god or goddess, a general name of deities or divinities. |
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ἡμῖν | to us |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 1st Person Plural Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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συνεφάγομεν | did eat with |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 1st Person Plural Root: συνεσθίω Sense: to eat with, take food together with. |
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συνεπίομεν | drink with |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Indicative Active, 1st Person Plural Root: συμπίνω Sense: to drink with. |
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μετὰ | after |
Parse: Preposition Root: μετά Sense: with, after, behind. |
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τὸ | - |
Parse: Article, Accusative Neuter Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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ἀναστῆναι | rising |
Parse: Verb, Aorist Infinitive Active Root: ἀναπηδάω Sense: to cause to rise up, raise up. |
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αὐτὸν | His |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Root: αὐτός Sense: himself, herself, themselves, itself. |
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ἐκ | out from |
Parse: Preposition Root: ἐκ Sense: out of, from, by, away from. |
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νεκρῶν | [the] dead |
Parse: Adjective, Genitive Masculine Plural Root: νεκρός Sense: properly. |
Greek Commentary for Acts 10:41
Perfect passive participle dative plural from προχειροτονεω procheirotoneō to choose or designate by hand (χειροτονεω χειρ cheirotoneōτεινω cheir hand, and προ teinō to stretch, as in Acts 14:23; 2 Corinthians 8:19), beforehand (ημιν οιτινες συνεπαγομεν και συνεπιομεν αυτωι pro), a double compound as old as Plato, but here alone in the N.T. Peter is evidently stating the thing as it happened and not trying to make a convincing story by saying that both friends and foes saw him after his resurrection. It is the “historian‘s candour” (Paley) in Luke here that adds to the credibility of the narrative. The sceptical Jews would not have believed and Jesus was kept from open contact with the world of sin after his Passion. [source]
The “who” Second aorist active indicative of the common verbs συμπινω sunesthiō and Αυτωι sumpinō μετα το αναστηναι αυτον Autōi is associative instrumental case. There are difficulties to us in understanding how Jesus could eat and drink after the resurrection as told here and in Luke 24:41-43, but at any rate Peter makes it clear that it was no hallucination or ghost, but Jesus himself whom they saw after he rose from the dead, “after the rising as to him” Furneaux dares to think that the disciples misunderstood Jesus about eating after the resurrection. But that is to deny the testimony merely because we cannot explain the transition state of the body of Jesus. [source]
Only here in New Testament. The simple verb χειροτονέω , to appoint, occurs Acts 14:23; 2 Corinthians 8:19; and originally means to stretch out the hand for the purpose of giving a vote. Hence to elect by show of hands, and generally to appoint. Plato uses the word of the election of leaders of choruses (“Laws,” 765). In later ecclesiastical usage it signified ordain, as bishops or deacons. [source]
The compound pronoun marks them more strongly as belonging to the class of eye-witnesses. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for Acts 10:41
The compound pronoun ὅστις , which, is used explicatively, according to a familiar New Testament usage, instead of the simple relative. The sense is, seeing that he is dead. The compound relative properly indicates the class or kind to which an object belongs. Art thou greater than Abraham, who is himself one of the dead? So Colossians 3:5. “Mortify covetousness, seeing it is ( ἥτις ἐστὶν ) idolatry.” See on Matthew 13:52; see on Matthew 21:41; see on Mark 12:18; see on Luke 12:1; see on Acts 7:53; see on Acts 10:41; see on 1 Peter 2:11. [source]
Only here and 2 Corinthians 8:19. Rev., more correctly, appointed. The meaning ordain is later. See on Acts 10:41. [source]
They needed also some form of organization, though already churches. Note distributive use of κατα kata with εκκλησιαν ekklēsian (Acts 2:46; Acts 5:42; Titus 1:5). Χειροτονεω Cheirotoneō (from χειροτονος cheirotonos extending the hand, χειρ cheir hand, and τεινω teinō to stretch) is an old verb that originally meant to vote by show of the hands, finally to appoint with the approval of an assembly that chooses as in 2 Corinthians 8:19, and then to appoint without regard to choice as in Josephus (Ant. XIII. 2, 2) of the appointment of Jonathan as high priest by Alexander. So in Acts 10:41 the compound προχειρατονεω procheiratoneō is used of witnesses appointed by God. But the seven (deacons) were first selected by the Jerusalem church and then appointed Elder Hovey rightly holds against Hackett that teaching was a normal function of these elders, pastors or bishops as they were variously called (1 Timothy 3:2; Titus 1:9; 1 Corinthians 12:28, 1 Corinthians 12:30; Ephesians 4:11). [source]
The very ones who, quippe qui, often in Acts when the persons are enlarged upon (Acts 8:15; Acts 9:35; Acts 10:41, Acts 10:47). [source]
An obscure rendering, not much bettered by Rev. Grace is ambiguous. The reference is, of course, to the contribution as a work of love; χάρις being used in the sense of benefaction or bounty. Paul says that the brother was appointed as his fellow-traveller in the matter of this bounty; in the prosecution of this kindly act. For appointed, see on Acts 14:23; see on Acts 10:41. [source]
Anacoluthon. The first aorist passive participle χειροτονητεις cheirotonētheis is from χειροτονεω cheirotoneō old verb to stretch out the hands (χειρ τεινω cheir teinō) and so to vote in public. The idea is that this brother was chosen by the churches, not by Paul. Only here in N.T. save Acts 14:23 where it means to appoint without notion of raising the hands. In Acts 10:41 we have προχειροτονεω procheirotoneō [source]