The Meaning of 2 Samuel 10:9 Explained

2 Samuel 10:9

KJV: When Joab saw that the front of the battle was against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians:

YLT: and Joab seeth that the front of the battle hath been unto him before and behind, and he chooseth of all the chosen in Israel, and setteth in array to meet Aram,

Darby: And Joab saw that the front of the battle was against him before and behind; and he chose out of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians;

ASV: Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians:

KJV Reverse Interlinear

When Joab  saw  that the front  of the battle  was against him before  and behind,  he chose  of all the choice  [men] of Israel,  and put [them] in array  against  the Syrians: 

What does 2 Samuel 10:9 Mean?

Context Summary

2 Samuel 10:1-19 - The Penalty Of Rejecting Kindness
A Jewish tradition tells us that Nahash, Hanun's father, had shown kindness to David by sheltering one of his brothers, when the king of Moab treacherously massacred the rest of the family. Civility is the daughter of Piety. The son had inherited his father's throne but not his spirit. He was misled by foolish advisers to offer a gross insult, not only to the ambassadors, but to the king and nation whom they represented.
Let us, however, contrast our Lord's dealings with those who ill-treated Him in the person of His disciples. When they had been refused by a certain village of the Samaritans, they appealed for fire from heaven; but Jesus reminded them that the dispensation in which Elijah had lived was past. The disciples were the children of a new age, and the only fire with which they could deal was that of love, Luke 9:54, etc. Yes, and afterward the baptism of the Holy Spirit was given to Samaria, perhaps to those very villages, Acts 8:1-40. It used to be said that the best way to secure the tenderest kindness of the great and saintly Archbishop Leighton was to show him a discourtesy. He had not followed his great Master in vain. [source]

Chapter Summary: 2 Samuel 10

1  David's messengers, sent to comfort Hanun are villainously treated
6  The Ammonites, strengthened by the Syrians, overcome by Joab and Abishai
15  Shobuch, making a new supply of the Syrains at Helam, is slain by David

What do the individual words in 2 Samuel 10:9 mean?

And when saw Joab that was against him the front the battle line before and behind and he chose some of best - of Israel and put [them] in battle array against Syria
וַיַּ֣רְא יוֹאָ֗ב כִּֽי־ הָיְתָ֤ה אֵלָיו֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה מִפָּנִ֖ים וּמֵֽאָח֑וֹר וַיִּבְחַ֗ר מִכֹּל֙ בְּחוּרֵ֣י [בישראל] (יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל) וַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ לִקְרַ֥את אֲרָֽם

וַיַּ֣רְא  And  when  saw 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: רָאָה 
Sense: to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider.
יוֹאָ֗ב  Joab 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: יׄואָב  
Sense: son of David’s sister Zeruiah and general of David’s army.
כִּֽי־  that 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: כִּי 
Sense: that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since.
אֵלָיו֙  against  him 
Parse: Preposition, third person masculine singular
Root: אֶל  
Sense: to, toward, unto (of motion).
פְּנֵ֣י  the  front 
Parse: Noun, common plural construct
Root: לִפְנֵי 
Sense: face.
הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה  the  battle  line 
Parse: Article, Noun, feminine singular
Root: מִלְחָמָה  
Sense: battle, war.
מִפָּנִ֖ים  before 
Parse: Preposition-m, Noun, masculine plural
Root: לִפְנֵי 
Sense: face.
וּמֵֽאָח֑וֹר  and  behind 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m, Noun, masculine singular
Root: אָחֹור  
Sense: the back side, the rear.
וַיִּבְחַ֗ר  and  he  chose 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: בָּחוּר 
Sense: to choose, elect, decide for.
מִכֹּל֙  some  of 
Parse: Preposition-m, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: כֹּל  
Sense: all, the whole.
בְּחוּרֵ֣י  best 
Parse: Verb, Qal, QalPassParticiple, masculine plural construct
Root: בָּחוּר 
Sense: youth, young man.
[בישראל]  - 
Parse: Preposition-b, Proper Noun, masculine singular
(יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל)  of  Israel 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: יִשְׂרָאֵל  
Sense: the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel.
וַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ  and  put  [them]  in  battle  array 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: עָרַךְ  
Sense: to arrange, set or put or lay in order, set in array, prepare, order, ordain, handle, furnish, esteem, equal, direct, compare.
לִקְרַ֥את  against 
Parse: Preposition-l, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct
Root: קָרָא  
Sense: to encounter, befall, meet.
אֲרָֽם  Syria 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: אֲרָם 
Sense: Aram or Syria the nation.

What are the major concepts related to 2 Samuel 10:9?

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