KJV: For if these things be in you, and abound, they make you that ye shall neither be barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ.
YLT: for these things being to you and abounding, do make you neither inert nor unfruitful in regard to the acknowledging of our Lord Jesus Christ,
Darby: for these things existing and abounding in you make you to be neither idle nor unfruitful as regards the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ;
ASV: For if these things are yours and abound, they make you to be not idle nor unfruitful unto the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ.
ταῦτα | These things |
Parse: Demonstrative Pronoun, Nominative Neuter Plural Root: οὗτος Sense: this. |
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ὑμῖν | in you |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Dative 2nd Person Plural Root: σύ Sense: you. |
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ὑπάρχοντα | being |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Neuter Plural Root: ὑπάρχω Sense: to begin below, to make a beginning. |
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πλεονάζοντα | abounding |
Parse: Verb, Present Participle Active, Nominative Neuter Plural Root: πλεονάζω Sense: to superabound. |
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οὐκ | neither |
Parse: Adverb Root: οὐ Sense: no, not; in direct questions expecting an affirmative answer. |
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ἀργοὺς | idle |
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ἀργός Sense: free from labour, at leisure. |
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οὐδὲ | nor |
Parse: Conjunction Root: οὐδέ Sense: but not, neither, nor, not even. |
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ἀκάρπους | unfruitful |
Parse: Adjective, Accusative Masculine Plural Root: ἄκαρπος Sense: metaph. |
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καθίστησιν | make [you] |
Parse: Verb, Present Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular Root: καθιστάνω Sense: to set, place, put. |
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εἰς | as to |
Parse: Preposition Root: εἰς Sense: into, unto, to, towards, for, among. |
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τοῦ | of the |
Parse: Article, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: ὁ Sense: this, that, these, etc. |
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Κυρίου | Lord |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: κύριος Sense: he to whom a person or thing belongs, about which he has power of deciding; master, lord. |
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ἡμῶν | of us |
Parse: Personal / Possessive Pronoun, Genitive 1st Person Plural Root: ἐγώ Sense: I, me, my. |
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Ἰησοῦ | Jesus |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Ἰησοῦς Sense: Joshua was the famous captain of the Israelites, Moses’ successor. |
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Χριστοῦ | Christ |
Parse: Noun, Genitive Masculine Singular Root: Χριστός Sense: Christ was the Messiah, the Son of God. |
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ἐπίγνωσιν | knowledge |
Parse: Noun, Accusative Feminine Singular Root: ἐπίγνωσις Sense: precise and correct knowledge. |
Greek Commentary for 2 Peter 1:8
Present active circumstantial (conditional) participles neuter plural of υπαρχω huparchō and πλεοναζω pleonazō (see 1 Thessalonians 3:12) with dative case υμιν humin “these things existing for you (or in you) and abounding.” [source]
“Render” (present active indicative of κατιστημι kathistēmi old verb, James 3:6), singular because ταυτα tauta neuter plural.Not idle nor unfruitful (ουκ αργους ουδε ακαρπους ouk argous oude akarpous). Accusative predicative plural with υμας humas understood, both adjectives with alpha privative, for αργος argos see James 2:20 and for ακαρπος akarpos Matthew 13:22.Knowledge “Full (additional) knowledge” as in 2 Peter 1:2. [source]
Accusative predicative plural with υμας humas understood, both adjectives with alpha privative, for αργος argos see James 2:20 and for ακαρπος akarpos Matthew 13:22. [source]
“Full (additional) knowledge” as in 2 Peter 1:2. [source]
Rev., are yours; following the sense ofpossession which legitimately belongs to the verb; as Matthew 19:21, that thou hast; 1 Corinthians 13:3, goods. In the sense of being the verb is stronger than the simple εἶναι , to be; denoting being which is from the beginning, and therefore attaching to a person as a proper characteristic; something belonging to him, and so running into the idea of rightful possession as above. [source]
Rev., more correctly, unto. The idea is not idleness in the knowledge, but idleness in pressing on and developing toward and finally reaching the knowledge. With this agrees the compound ἐπίγνωσιν , the constantly increasing and finallyfull knowledge. [source]
From ἀ , not, and ἔργον , work. Hence, more correctly, as Rev., idle. Compare “idle word” (Matthew 12:36); “standing idle ” (Matthew 20:3, Matthew 20:6); also, 1 Timothy 5:13. The tautology, barren and unfruitful, is thus avoided. [source]
Reverse Greek Commentary Search for 2 Peter 1:8
The A. V. omits the very important καὶ , also (Rev.), which, as Trench observes, is the key-word of the sentence. Besides being barren in itself, it also injures the soil. “Not only is it unfruitful, but it draws away the juices which the vines would extract from the earth, intercepts the sun, and occupies room” (Bengel). The verb cumbereth ( καταργεῖ ) means to make of no effect. So Romans 3:3, Romans 3:31; Galatians 3:17. Cumbereth expresses the meaning in a very general and comprehensive way. The specific elements included in it are expressed by Bengel above. De Wette, makes the land unfruitful. See on barren and unfruitful, 2 Peter 1:8. [source]
See on James 3:6. Used elsewhere by Paul only at Titus 1:5, in the sense of to appoint to office or position. This is its most frequent use in the New Testament. See Matthew 24:25; Acts 6:3; Acts 7:10; Hebrews 5:1, etc. The primary meaning being to set down, it is used in classical Greek of bringing to a place, as a ship to the land, or a man to a place or person; hence to bring before a magistrate (Acts 17:15). From this comes the meaning to set down as, i.e., to declare or show to be; or to constitute, make to be. So 2 Peter 1:8; James 4:4; James 3:6. The exact meaning in this passage is disputed. The following are the principal explanations: 1. Set down in a declarative sense; declared to be. 2. Placed in the category of sinners because of a vital connection with the first tranegressor. 3. Became sinners; were made. This last harmonizes with sinned in Romans 5:12. The disobedience of Adam is thus declared to have been the occasion of the death of all, because it is the occasion of their sin; but the precise nature of this relation is not explained. [source]
The distinction between this word and the simple εἶναι , to be, is very subtle. The verb ὑπάρχω originally means to make a beginning; hence, to begin or to come into being; and, though used substantially as a synonym of εἶναι , of a thing actually existing and at hand, it has a backward look to an antecedent condition which has been protracted into the present. Thus we might paraphrase here, “If a brother or sister, having been in a destitute condition, be found by you in that condition.” Εἶναι , on the other hand, would simply state the present fact of destitution. See on 2 Peter 1:8. [source]
Goes on with the singular objector and demolishes him. For “empty” (deficient) Paul uses απρων aphrōn (fool) in 1 Corinthians 15:36 and just αντρωπε anthrōpe in Romans 2:1; Romans 9:20.Barren (αργε arge). See 2 Peter 1:8 (not idle nor unfruitful) and Matthew 12:36, but Hort urges “inactive” as the idea here, like money with no interest and land with no crops. [source]
See 2 Peter 1:8 (not idle nor unfruitful) and Matthew 12:36, but Hort urges “inactive” as the idea here, like money with no interest and land with no crops. [source]
See on 2 Peter 1:8. [source]
Only here in New Testament. Compare on the kindred adjective idle, 2 Peter 1:8. There is a graphic picture in the sentence. The judgment is not idle. It is “represented as a living thing, awake and expectant. Long ago that judgment started on its destroying path, and the fate of sinning angels, and the deluge, and the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah were but incidental illustrations of its power; nor has it ever since lingered … .It advances still, strong and vigilant as when first it sprang from the bosom of God, and will not fail to reach the mark to which it was pointed from of old” (Salmond and Lillie). [source]
Lit., to whom these things are not present. Note that a different word is used here from that in 2 Peter 1:8, are yours, to convey the idea of possession. Instead of speaking of the gifts as belonging to the Christian by habitual, settled possession, he denotes them now as merely present with him. [source]
Full (additional, επι epi) knowledge as in 2 Peter 1:8 (only γνωσις gnōsis in 2 Peter 1:5, 2 Peter 1:6; 2 Peter 3:18), but επιγνωσιν epignōsin again in 2 Peter 1:3, 2 Peter 1:8; 2 Peter 2:20. As in Colossians, so here full knowledge is urged against the claims of the Gnostic heretics to special γνωσις gnōsis God and of Jesus our Lord At first sight the idiom here seems to require one person as in 2 Peter 1:1, though there is a second article (του tou) before κυριου kuriou and Ιησου Iēsou is a proper name. But the text here is very uncertain. Bengel, Spitta, Zahn, Nestle accept the short reading of P and some Vulgate MSS. and some minuscles with only του κυριου ημων tou kuriou hēmōn (our Lord) from which the three other readings may have come. Elsewhere in 2 Peter γνωσις gnōsis and επιγνωσις epignōsis are used of Christ alone. The text of 2 Peter is not in a good state of preservation. [source]
Late qualitative interrogative pronoun for the older ποδαπος podapos as in Matthew 8:27, accusative case with δει υπαρχειν dei huparchein agreeing with υμας humās (you). See 2 Peter 1:8 for υπαρχω huparchō all holy living and godliness “In holy behaviours and pieties” (Alford). Plural of neither word elsewhere in N.T., but a practical plural in πασα αναστροπη pāsa anastrophē in 1 Peter 1:15. [source]
Late adjective (Aristotle, Polybius, Strabo) from πτινω phthinō to waste away, and οπωρα opōra autumn, here only in N.T. For ακαρπα akarpa (without fruit) see 2 Peter 1:8.Twice dead (δις αποτανοντα dis apothanonta). Second aorist active participle of αποτνησκω apothnēskō Fruitless and having died. Having died and also “uprooted” (εκριζωτεντα ekrizōthenta). First aorist passive participle of εκριζοω ekrizoō late compound, to root out, to pluck up by the roots, as in Matthew 13:29. [source]
See 2 Peter 2:13 for this very word and form. Masculine gender with ουτοι οι houtoi hoi rather than with the feminine σπιλαδες spilades Cf. Revelation 11:4. Construction according to sense.Shepherds that feed themselves (εαυτους ποιμαινοντες heautous poimainontes). “Shepherding themselves.” Cf. Revelation 7:17 for this use of ποιμαινω poimainō Clouds without water (νεπελαι ανυδροι nephelai anudroi). Νεπελη Nephelē common word for cloud (Matthew 24:30). 2 Peter 2:17 has πηγαι ανυδροι pēgai anudroi (springs without water) and then ομιχλαι homichlai (mists) and ελαυνομεναι elaunomenai (driven) rather than περιπερομεναι peripheromenai here (borne around, whirled around, present passive participle of περιπερω peripherō to bear around), a powerful picture of disappointed hopes.Autumn trees Late adjective (Aristotle, Polybius, Strabo) from πτινω phthinō to waste away, and οπωρα opōra autumn, here only in N.T. For ακαρπα akarpa (without fruit) see 2 Peter 1:8.Twice dead (δις αποτανοντα dis apothanonta). Second aorist active participle of αποτνησκω apothnēskō Fruitless and having died. Having died and also “uprooted” (εκριζωτεντα ekrizōthenta). First aorist passive participle of εκριζοω ekrizoō late compound, to root out, to pluck up by the roots, as in Matthew 13:29. [source]