The Meaning of 1 Samuel 23:19 Explained

1 Samuel 23:19

KJV: Then came up the Ziphites to Saul to Gibeah, saying, Doth not David hide himself with us in strong holds in the wood, in the hill of Hachilah, which is on the south of Jeshimon?

YLT: And the Ziphites go up unto Saul to Gibeah, saying, 'Is not David hiding himself with us in fortresses, in the forest, in the height of Hachilah, which is on the south of the desolate place?

Darby: And the Ziphites came up to Saul to Gibeah, saying, Does not David hide himself with us in strongholds in the wood, on the hill of Hachilah, which is on the south of the waste?

ASV: Then came up the Ziphites to Saul to Gibeah, saying, Doth not David hide himself with us in the strongholds in the wood, in the hill of Hachilah, which is on the south of the desert?

KJV Reverse Interlinear

Then came up  the Ziphites  to Saul  to Gibeah,  saying,  Doth not David  hide  himself with us in strong holds  in the wood,  in the hill  of Hachilah,  which [is] on the south  of Jeshimon? 

What does 1 Samuel 23:19 Mean?

Context Summary

1 Samuel 23:15-29 - A Relentless Pursuit Foiled
Amid outward strife, God is sure to provide some rill of human love-a tender friendship, a Jonathan. See Psalms 106:46. This is the mission of a friend-to strengthen our hands in God, whisper words of hope, and enter into renewed covenants with us. Is not this what our best Friend does? He finds us out in the deepest woods, and whispers His Fear not. There is no hunted soul to whom Jesus will not come to pour in the oil and wine of His presence.
Let us always strengthen our friends' hands in God. We sometimes weaken their good resolutions by our timid entreaties, as Peter did when he urged the Lord to spare Himself, Matthew 16:22. No, you must always help your friend to be his noblest and strongest. The angel strengthened the Redeemer in the garden. The one word for us to pass on is, "O man, greatly beloved, fear not; peace be unto thee; be strong, yea, be strong," Daniel 10:19.
The Ziphites made a direct bid for Saul's favor, but their plot miscarried. When a man puts his life into God's hands, he has no need to fear "the arrow by day nor the terror by night." Whatever difficulties threaten him, there is ever a way of escape. [source]

Chapter Summary: 1 Samuel 23

1  David, enquiring of the Lord by Abiathar, rescues Keilah
7  God showing him the coming of Saul, and the treachery of the Keilites,
13  he escapes from Keilah
14  In Ziph Jonathan comes and comforts him
19  The Ziphites discover him to Saul
25  At Maon he is rescued from Saul by the invasion of the Philistines
29  He dwells at En Gedi

What do the individual words in 1 Samuel 23:19 mean?

And came up the Ziphites to Saul at Gibeah saying is not David hiding with us in strongholds in the woods in the hill of Hachilah which [is] on the south of Jeshimon
וַיַּעֲל֤וּ זִפִים֙ אֶל־ שָׁא֔וּל הַגִּבְעָ֖תָה לֵאמֹ֑ר הֲל֣וֹא דָ֠וִד מִסְתַּתֵּ֨ר עִמָּ֤נוּ בַמְּצָדוֹת֙ בַּחֹ֔רְשָׁה בְּגִבְעַת֙ הַֽחֲכִילָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר מִימִ֥ין ؟ הַיְשִׁימֽוֹן

וַיַּעֲל֤וּ  And  came  up 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine plural
Root: סָלַק 
Sense: to go up, ascend, climb.
זִפִים֙  the  Ziphites 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine plural
Root: זִיפִי  
Sense: an inhabitant of Ziph.
שָׁא֔וּל  Saul 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: שָׁאוּל  
Sense: a Benjamite, son of Kish, and the st king of Israel.
הַגִּבְעָ֖תָה  at  Gibeah 
Parse: Article, Proper Noun, feminine singular, third person feminine singular
Root: גִּבְעָה  
Sense: a city in the mountain district of Judah.
לֵאמֹ֑ר  saying 
Parse: Preposition-l, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct
Root: אָמַר 
Sense: to say, speak, utter.
הֲל֣וֹא  is  not 
Parse: Adverb, Negative particle
Root: הֲלֹא 
Sense: not, no.
דָ֠וִד  David 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
מִסְתַּתֵּ֨ר  hiding 
Parse: Verb, Hitpael, Participle, masculine singular
Root: סָתַר  
Sense: to hide, conceal.
עִמָּ֤נוּ  with  us 
Parse: Preposition, first person common plural
Root: עִם  
Sense: with.
בַמְּצָדוֹת֙  in  strongholds 
Parse: Preposition-b, Article, Noun, feminine plural construct
Root: מְצָד  
Sense: fort, stronghold, fastness.
בַּחֹ֔רְשָׁה  in  the  woods 
Parse: Preposition-b, Article, Noun, feminine singular
Root: חֹרֶשׁ 
Sense: wood, wooded height, forest, wooded area.
בְּגִבְעַת֙  in  the  hill 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, feminine singular construct
Root: גִּבְעָה  
Sense: hill.
הַֽחֲכִילָ֔ה  of  Hachilah 
Parse: Article, Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: חֲכִילָה  
Sense: a hill is southern Judah, on the edge of the wilderness of Ziph.
אֲשֶׁ֖ר  which  [is] 
Parse: Pronoun, relative
Root: אֲשֶׁר 
Sense: (relative part.).
מִימִ֥ין  on  the  south 
Parse: Preposition-m, Noun, feminine singular construct
Root: יָמִין  
Sense: right, right hand, right side.
؟ הַיְשִׁימֽוֹן  of  Jeshimon 
Parse: Article, Noun, masculine singular
Root: יְשִׁימֹון  
Sense: waste, wilderness, desert, desolate place.

What are the major concepts related to 1 Samuel 23:19?

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