The Meaning of 1 Chronicles 19:3 Explained

1 Chronicles 19:3

KJV: But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee for to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?

YLT: and the heads of the sons of Ammon say to Hanun, 'Is David honouring thy father, in thine eyes, because he hath sent to thee comforters? in order to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out, the land, have not his servants come in unto thee?'

Darby: And the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Is it, in thine eyes, to honour thy father that David has sent comforters to thee? Is it not to search and overthrow, and to spy out the land that his servants are come to thee?

ASV: But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honor thy father, in that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?

KJV Reverse Interlinear

But the princes  of the children  of Ammon  said  to Hanun,  Thinkest  thou that David  doth honour  thy father,  that he hath sent  comforters  unto thee? are not his servants  come  unto thee for to search,  and to overthrow,  and to spy out  the land? 

What does 1 Chronicles 19:3 Mean?

Chapter Summary: 1 Chronicles 19

1  David's messengers, sent to comfort Hanun, are villainously treated
6  The Ammonites, strengthened by the Syrians, are overcome by Joab and Abishai
16  Shobach, making a new supply of the Syrians, is slain by David

What do the individual words in 1 Chronicles 19:3 mean?

And said the princes of the sons of Ammon to Hanun really honors David - your father do you think that because he has sent to you comforters did not for to search and to overthrow and to spy out the land come his servants to you -
וַיֹּאמְרוּ֩ שָׂרֵ֨י בְנֵי־ עַמּ֜וֹן לְחָנ֗וּן הַֽמְכַבֵּ֨ד דָּוִ֤יד אֶת־ אָבִ֙יךָ֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ כִּֽי־ שָׁלַ֥ח לְךָ֖ מְנַחֲמִ֑ים הֲלֹ֡א בַּ֠עֲבוּר לַחְקֹ֨ר וְלַהֲפֹ֤ךְ וּלְרַגֵּל֙ ؟ הָאָ֔רֶץ בָּ֥אוּ עֲבָדָ֖יו אֵלֶֽיךָ פ

וַיֹּאמְרוּ֩  And  said 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Qal, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine plural
Root: אָמַר 
Sense: to say, speak, utter.
שָׂרֵ֨י  the  princes 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct
Root: סָרַר 
Sense: prince, ruler, leader, chief, chieftain, official, captain.
בְנֵי־  of  the  sons 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct
Root: בֵּן 
Sense: son, grandson, child, member of a group.
עַמּ֜וֹן  of  Ammon 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: עַמֹּון  
Sense: a people dwelling in Transjordan descended from Lot through Ben-ammi.
לְחָנ֗וּן  to  Hanun 
Parse: Preposition-l, Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: חָנוּן  
Sense: son of Nahash and king of Ammon who dishonoured David’s ambassadors and lost the subsequent war with David.
הַֽמְכַבֵּ֨ד  really  honors 
Parse: Article, Verb, Piel, Participle, masculine singular
Root: כָּבֵד  
Sense: to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honourable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honoured.
דָּוִ֤יד  David 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
אֶת־  - 
Parse: Direct object marker
Root: אֹות 
Sense: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative.
אָבִ֙יךָ֙  your  father 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct, second person masculine singular
Root: אָב  
Sense: father of an individual.
בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ  do  you  think  that 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, cdc, second person masculine singular
Root: עֹונָה 
Sense: eye.
כִּֽי־  because 
Parse: Conjunction
Root: כִּי 
Sense: that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since.
שָׁלַ֥ח  he  has  sent 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person masculine singular
Root: שָׁלַח  
Sense: to send, send away, let go, stretch out.
לְךָ֖  to  you 
Parse: Preposition, second person masculine singular
מְנַחֲמִ֑ים  comforters 
Parse: Verb, Piel, Participle, masculine plural
Root: נָחַם  
Sense: to be sorry, console oneself, repent, regret, comfort, be comforted.
הֲלֹ֡א  did  not 
Parse: Adverb, Negative particle
Root: הֲלֹא 
Sense: not, no.
לַחְקֹ֨ר  to  search 
Parse: Preposition-l, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct
Root: חָקַר  
Sense: to search, search for, search out, examine, investigate.
וְלַהֲפֹ֤ךְ  and  to  overthrow 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct
Root: הָפַךְ  
Sense: to turn, overthrow, overturn.
וּלְרַגֵּל֙  and  to  spy  out 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Preposition-l, Verb, Piel, Infinitive construct
Root: רָגַל  
Sense: to go on foot, spy out, foot it, go about, walk along, move the feet.
؟ הָאָ֔רֶץ  the  land 
Parse: Article, Noun, feminine singular
Root: אֶרֶץ  
Sense: land, earth.
בָּ֥אוּ  come 
Parse: Verb, Qal, Perfect, third person common plural
Root: בֹּוא 
Sense: to go in, enter, come, go, come in.
עֲבָדָ֖יו  his  servants 
Parse: Noun, masculine plural construct, third person masculine singular
Root: עֶבֶד  
Sense: slave, servant.
אֵלֶֽיךָ  to  you 
Parse: Preposition, second person masculine singular
Root: אֶל  
Sense: to, toward, unto (of motion).
פ  - 
Parse: Punctuation