The Meaning of 1 Chronicles 18:3 Explained

1 Chronicles 18:3

KJV: And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to stablish his dominion by the river Euphrates.

YLT: And David smiteth Hadarezer king of Zobah, at Hamath, in his going to establish his power by the river Phrat,

Darby: And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah, at Hamath, as he went to establish his dominion by the river Euphrates.

ASV: And David smote Hadarezer king of Zobah unto Hamath, as he went to establish his dominion by the river Euphrates.

KJV Reverse Interlinear

And David  smote  Hadarezer  king  of Zobah  unto Hamath,  as he went  to stablish  his dominion  by the river  Euphrates. 

What does 1 Chronicles 18:3 Mean?

Chapter Summary: 1 Chronicles 18

1  David subdues the Philistines and the Moabites
3  He smites Hadarezer and the Syrians
9  Tou sends Hadoram with presents to bless David
11  The presents and the spoil David dedicates to God
13  He put garrisons in Edom
14  David's officers

What do the individual words in 1 Chronicles 18:3 mean?

And defeated David - Hadadezer king of Zobah [as far as] Hamath as he went to establish his power by the River Euphrates
וַיַּ֥ךְ דָּוִ֛יד אֶת־ הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר מֶֽלֶךְ־ צוֹבָ֖ה חֲמָ֑תָה בְּלֶכְתּ֕וֹ לְהַצִּ֥יב יָד֖וֹ בִּֽנְהַר־ פְּרָֽת

וַיַּ֥ךְ  And  defeated 
Parse: Conjunctive waw, Verb, Hifil, Consecutive imperfect, third person masculine singular
Root: נָכָה  
Sense: to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill.
דָּוִ֛יד  David 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: דָּוִד  
Sense: youngest son of Jesse and second king of Israel.
אֶת־  - 
Parse: Direct object marker
Root: אֹות 
Sense: sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative.
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר  Hadadezer 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: הֲדַדְעֶזֶר  
Sense: son of Rehob, a king of Syria-Zobah defeated by David’s army.
מֶֽלֶךְ־  king 
Parse: Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: מֶלֶךְ 
Sense: king.
צוֹבָ֖ה  of  Zobah 
Parse: Proper Noun, masculine singular
Root: צֹובָא 
Sense: the name of a portion of Syria which formed a separate kingdom in the times of Saul, David, and Solomon; located northeast of Damascus.
חֲמָ֑תָה  [as  far  as]  Hamath 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular, third person feminine singular
Root: חֲמָת 
Sense: the principle city of upper Syria in the valley of the Orontes.
בְּלֶכְתּ֕וֹ  as  he  went 
Parse: Preposition-b, Verb, Qal, Infinitive construct, third person masculine singular
Root: הָלַךְ  
Sense: to go, walk, come.
לְהַצִּ֥יב  to  establish 
Parse: Preposition-l, Verb, Hifil, Infinitive construct
Root: הֻצַּב 
Sense: to stand, take one’s stand, stand upright, be set (over), establish.
יָד֖וֹ  his  power 
Parse: Noun, feminine singular construct, third person masculine singular
Root: יָד  
Sense: hand.
בִּֽנְהַר־  by  the  River 
Parse: Preposition-b, Noun, masculine singular construct
Root: נָהָר  
Sense: stream, river.
פְּרָֽת  Euphrates 
Parse: Proper Noun, feminine singular
Root: פְּרָת  
Sense: the largest and longest river of western Asia; rises from two chief sources in the Armenian mountains and flows into the Persian Gulf.